Mbiri ya mtundu wa galimoto ya MINI

Mbiri ya mtundu wa galimoto ya MINI ndi nkhani yokhudza kutalika ndi zovuta momwe nkhawa imodzi yamagalimoto ingapitirire pakupanga kwake. The MINI palokha ndi mndandanda wama subcompact sedans, zovuta komanso ma coupes. Poyamba, lingaliro lakukula ndi kupanga MINI limaperekedwa ku gulu la akatswiri ochokera ku Britain Motor Corporation. Kukula kwa lingaliro ndi lingaliro, komanso galimoto yonse, zayambika mu 1985. Magalimoto awa adatenga malo achiwiri oyenerera malinga ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wazaka mazana ambiri akatswiri "Galimoto yabwino kwambiri yazaka za m'ma XX."

Woyambitsa

Leonard Percy Lord, woyamba Baron Lambury KBE Wobadwa mu 1, anali wodziwika pamsika wamagalimoto aku Britain. Anamaliza maphunziro awo kusukulu mokondera, koma ali ndi zaka 1896 adakakamizidwa kupita kusambira kwaulere bambo ake atamwalira. 

Pakadali pano, Lord adayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mwaluso chidziwitso chaukadaulo chomwe adapeza pasukuluyi, ndipo mu 1923 adabwera ku Morris Motors Limited, komwe adathandizira kukhathamiritsa magawo onse azakudya. Mu 1927, pomwe a Morris adapeza ufulu woyang'anira Wolseley Motors Limited, Leonard adasamutsidwa komweko kuti akonze zida zake zaukadaulo. Kale mu 1932, adasankhidwa kukhala manejala wamkulu ku Morris Motors. Patangopita chaka chimodzi, mu 1933, chifukwa chakuchita bwino kwake, a Leonard Lord adalandira udindo woyang'anira kampani yonse ya Morris Motors Limited ndipo posakhalitsa adakhala multimillionaire.

Mu 1952, kuphatikiza kwamakampani awiri omwe akhala akuyembekezeredwa ndi Lord kudachitika - kampani yake ya Austin Motor Company ndi a Morris Motors, omwe anali director wawo mzaka za m'ma 30s. Nthawi yomweyo, kampani yatsopano, British Motor Corporation, idalowa msika wamagalimoto aku UK. Vuto la Suez lomwe lidayamba m'zaka zimenezo limalumikizidwa ndi kusokonezeka kwa mafuta. Zimakhala zowonekeratu kuti mitengo yamafuta itha kusintha.

Zomwe zikuchitika pano zikukakamiza Ambuye kuti apange galimoto yaying'ono, yocheperako komanso yotakata.

Mu 1956, Briteni Corporation, motsogozedwa ndi Leonard Lord, idasankha gulu la anthu asanu ndi atatu kuti apange galimoto yaying'ono kwambiri panthawiyo. Alec Issigonis adasankhidwa kukhala mutu wa gululi.

Ntchitoyi inapatsidwa dzina la ADO-15. Chimodzi mwazolinga zachitukuko cha galimotoyi chinali kutambalala kwa thunthu ndikukhala momasuka kwa anthu anayi.

Pofika 1959, mtundu woyamba wogwira ntchito, The Orange Box, udali utachotsedwa pamsonkhano. M'mwezi wa Meyi, makina oyendetsa mzere woyamba adayambitsidwa. 

Zonsezi, zidatenga zaka ziwiri ndi theka kuti apange magalimoto oyamba mumtundu wa MINI. Munthawi imeneyi, Briteni Corporation yakonza malo ambiri atsopano ndikugula zida zokwanira zopangira magalimoto amtundu watsopanowu. Akatswiri amagwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje apamwamba kwambiri ndipo achita mayeso ena owonjezera.

Chizindikiro

Mbiriyakale ya chizindikiro cha mtundu wa MINI yamagalimoto yasintha limodzi ndi omwe ali ndi nkhawa zamagalimoto. Pomwe mafakitale amgalimoto amaphatikizidwa, mabungwe atsopano adapangidwa, ndipo logo idasinthidwa. 

Chizindikiro choyamba cha mtundu wa galimoto ya MINI chinali chofanana ndi bwalo, pomwe mikwingwirima iwiri yofanana ndi mapiko imafikira mbali. Phiko limodzi linali lolembedwa dzina lakuti Morris, ndipo phiko linalo linali ndi Cooper. Chizindikiro chamagulu chidayikidwa pakatikati pa chizindikirocho. Kwa zaka zambiri, mayina a Morris, Cooper ndi Austin asintha nthawi ndi nthawi, kuphatikiza chizindikiritso cha auto. Lingaliro la logo lasinthidwanso kangapo. Poyamba awa anali mapiko otambalala kuchokera mozungulira. Pambuyo pake, chizindikirocho chinatenga mawonekedwe achishango chokhala ndi cholembera cha MINI. 

Tsopano tikuwona kusintha kwatsopano kwa logo. Imakhala ndi zilembo za MINI m'makalata akulu okhala ndi omwe akuteteza masiku ano. Chizindikirocho chimakhala ndi tanthauzo lomveka. Zimatanthauza kuthamanga ndi ufulu, ndikumanga galimoto yaying'ono. Nthawi zina amatchedwa "gudumu lamapiko".

Kusintha komaliza kwa logo kunachitika mu 2018. Kuyambira pamenepo, sizinasinthe, komabe, eni eni amakono akukambirana za kusintha kwatsopano kwa chizindikiro. 

Mbiri yamagalimoto pamitundu

Mizere yoyamba ya MINI idasonkhanitsidwa ku Oxford ndi Birmingham. Anali a Morris Mini Minor ndi Austin Seven. Kutumiza magalimoto kumachitika pansi pa mayina ena okhudzana ndi kukula kwa injini. Kunja, awa anali Austin 850 ndi Morris 850.

Kuyendetsa koyambirira kwa MINI kunawonetsa opangawo kusowa kwa madzi. Zolakwika zonse zomwe zidapezeka zidapezeka ndikukonzedwa ndi chomeracho. Pofika 1960, magalimoto opitilira zikwi ziwiri ndi theka amapangidwa sabata iliyonse. Kampaniyo posachedwapa itulutsa zosintha zatsopano: Morris Mini Traveler ndi Austin Seven Countryman. Onsewa adapangidwa ngati sedani, koma adakhalabe ofanana.

Mu 1966, British Motor Corporation ndi Jaguar adalumikizana ndikupanga Britain Motor Holdings. Oyang'anira nthawi yomweyo adalengeza kuchotsedwa ntchito kwa anthu opitilira 10. Izi zidachitika chifukwa chakuwongolera zomwe kampani idawononga. 

Chakumapeto kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi, Austin Mini Metro ikuwonekera ndipo imadziwika. Mtunduwu udatchulidwanso dzina la Mini Shortie. Dzinali linali chifukwa chakuti mtunduwo unali ndi poyambira pang'ono. Opanga sanakonzekere kupanga galimotoyi kuti igulitsidwe. Cholinga chopanga Mini Shortie chinali kutsatsa ndi kutsatsa. Zidapangidwa kokha m'thupi "lotembenuka", linali ndi injini ya 1,4-lita ndipo sinachedwe kuthamanga kuposa 140 km / h. Panali magalimoto pafupifupi 200 okha, ndipo ochepa okha anali ndi denga lolimba ndi zitseko. Onse "otembenuka" analibe zitseko, kotero mumayenera kulumphira mwa iwo mbali. 

Gawo la magalimoto a MINI lidapangidwa ndikupanga kumafakitale osiyanasiyana a kampaniyo, omwe anali ku Spain, Uruguay, Belgium, Chile, Italy, Yugoslavia, ndi zina zambiri. 

Mu 1961, mainjiniya odziwika kuchokera ku timu ya Cooper, yemwe adapikisana nawo mu Fomula 1, adachita chidwi ndi Mini Cooper line.Adakhala ndi lingaliro lokonza galimotoyo poyika injini yokhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera pansi. Pogwiritsa ntchito kayendetsedwe kake ndi kayendetsedwe kake, injini yowonjezera inkayenera kuyendetsa galimotoyo. 

Ndipo zidachitikadi. Mtundu wa Mini Cooper S wosinthidwa kale mu 1964 adakhala mtsogoleri wa masewera apadziko lonse - Rally Monte Carlo. Kwa zaka zingapo motsatira, magulu omwe achita pamtunduwu adapambana mphotho. Makinawa anali achiwiri. Mu 1968, panali mpikisano womaliza womwe udalandira mphothoyo. 

Mu 1968, kuphatikiza kwina kumachitika. British Motor Holdings iphatikizana ndi Leyland Motors. Kuphatikizana kumeneku kumapangidwa ndi Britain Leyland Motor Corporation. Mu 1975 adapatsidwa dzina loti Rover Group. Mu 1994, BMW imagula Rover Group, pambuyo pake, mu 2000, Rover Group idathetsedwa. BMW imasunga umwini wa mtundu wa MINI.

Pambuyo pakuphatikizika konse, mainjiniya okhudzidwawo akukonzekera mwachangu magalimoto omwe ali ofanana ndendende ndi mtundu wapachiyambi wa MINI.

Mu 1998 zokha, Frank Stevenson akupanga ndikupanga Mini One R50 kale m'mafakitale a BMW. Galimoto yomaliza ya mzere woyamba wa Mini Mark VII idayimitsidwa ndikuyikidwa mu British Motor Museum. 

Mu 2001, chitukuko cha magalimoto a MINI chidayamba pamakampani a BMW okhala ndi mtundu wa MINI Hatch. Mu 2005, kampaniyo imakulitsa bajeti yake kuti iwonjezere magalimoto omwe amapangidwa ku Oxford. 

Mu 2011, mitundu yatsopano iwiri yamtundu wamagalimoto ya MINI yalengezedwa. Zinthu zatsopano zidapangidwa pamaziko a abale awo akale, koma oyenera - Mini Paceman.

M'nthawi yathu ino, chitukuko cha galimoto yamagetsi yamagetsi ya MINI chikuchitika pa fakitale yotchuka ku Oxford. Izi zidalengezedwa mu 2017 ndi nkhawa ya BMW.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Ndani amapanga Mini Cooper? Mini poyamba anali wopanga magalimoto aku Britain (omwe adakhazikitsidwa mu 1959). Mu 1994 kampaniyo idatengedwa ndi nkhawa ya BMW.

Kodi Mini Coopers ndi chiyani? Mtundu waku Britain umasiyanitsidwa ndi zowona zomwe zitha kuwoneka mumitundu yonse. Kampaniyo imapanga zosinthika, ngolo zamasiteshoni ndi ma crossovers.

Chifukwa chiyani Mini Cooper amatchedwa choncho? Mawu akuti Mini akugogomezera minimalism mu miyeso ya galimoto, ndipo Cooper ndi dzina la woyambitsa kampaniyo (John Cooper), yemwe adatulutsa magalimoto othamanga.