Iridium spark plugs - zabwino ndi zovuta

Pofika nyengo yozizira, oyendetsa magalimoto amakumana ndi zovuta zama injini kuyambira chaka chilichonse. Vuto ndiloti nthawi yozizira mpweya umakhala wocheperako ndipo pofuna kuyatsa mafuta osakaniza ndi mpweya, kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwambiri kandulo kumafunika.

Mu injini za dizilo, vuto limafanana, koma pamakhala poyatsira chifukwa cha kutenthetsa kwamphamvu kwa mpweya mu silinda kuchokera pakupanikizika kwake. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, akatswiri amapanga mapulagi owala.

Njira yothetsera mafuta a ICE ndi chiyani? Zikuwonekeratu kuti chinachake chiyenera kuchitidwa ndi makandulo okhazikika. Pazaka zopitilira khumi, ukadaulo wopanga SZ wapangidwa, chifukwa chomwe madalaivala osiyanasiyana adasinthidwa. Zina mwa izo ndi makandulo a iridium. Ganizirani momwe zimasiyanirana ndi zomwe zili zoyenera, komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito makandulo a iridium

Mapulagi a Iridium ali ndi mapangidwe ofanana ndi mtundu wanthawi zonse (kuti mumve zambiri pazinthuzi, onani m'nkhani ina). Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ndi iyi.

Mphamvu yamagetsi yaying'ono imaperekedwa kudzera pamawaya othamanga kwambiri kudzera pa choikapo nyali kupita ku nati yolumikizirana. Mutu wothandizira uli mkati mwa insulator ya ceramic. Kudzera mwa iyo, kuthamanga kwamagetsi kwamphamvu kwambiri kumalowa mu sealant yolumikizira mutu wolumikizirana ndi ma elekitirodi. Izi ndi zamakono zomwe zimakhala ndi chiwongola dzanja chabwino.

Ma plugs onse amakhala ndi thupi lansalu yoluka. Icho chimakonza mwamphamvu chipangizocho mu pulagi yamphamvu ya injini. M'munsi mwa thupi pali chitsulo chachitsulo - mbali yamagetsi. Izi ndizoyang'ana pakatikati pa ma elekitirodi, koma sizilumikizana. Pali mtunda pakati pawo.

Kuchuluka kovuta pakadali pano kumasonkhana pakatikati. Chifukwa chakuti maelekitirodi onse awiri samakhala otetezedwa ndipo amakhala ndi cholozera chambiri, pamakhala phokoso pakati pawo. Mphamvu yotulutsa imakhudzidwa ndikulimbana komwe zinthu ziwirizi - ndizochepa, mtengo umakhala wabwino.

Kukula kwake kwa maelekitirodi apakati, ndikofunika kochepa kwa plasma. Pachifukwa ichi, sizitsulo zoyera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma iridium, makamaka, aloyi. Zomwe zimapangidwazo zimakhala ndi magetsi ochulukirapo ndipo sizikhala zotengeka kwambiri ndi kuyamwa kwa mphamvu yamafuta yomwe imatulutsidwa popanga mtanda wamagetsi.

Kuthetheka kwamagetsi sikubalalika ponseponse pama electrode apakati; chifukwa chake, pulagi yotere imapereka chipinda choyaka moto kutulutsa "mafuta". Izi zimathandizanso kuyatsa kutentha kwa mpweya ndi mafuta (kapena mpweya, womwe umakhala ndi kutentha pafupifupi -40 Celsius mu silinda).

Njira Yokonzera Makandulo a Iridium

Pulagi ya iridium-core safuna kukonza kwapadera. Mu injini zambiri, zosinthazi zimayenda makilomita 160. Pogwiritsa ntchito injini zoyaka zamkati, opanga amalimbikitsa kuti asinthe makandulo osalephera, koma nthawi ndi nthawi - nthawi zambiri kangapo kuposa zikwi 000.

Ngakhale ma kaboni omwe amapangika samapanga kwambiri mitundu ya iridium, chifukwa cha mafuta osayipa komanso injini yozizira pafupipafupi imayamba, chikwangwani ichi chikuwonekabe. Pazifukwa izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mudzazitse mafuta m'galimoto yanu pamalo opangira mafuta ndikuchepetsa maulendo ataliatali.

Ubwino wamakandulo a iridium

Ubwino womwe mtundu uwu wazinthu zamagetsi umakhala ndi izi:

• Injini imayamba kugwira bwino ntchito. Chizindikiro ichi chimaperekedwa chifukwa cha kulumikizana kocheperako pama electrode. Njira yoyambira magetsi imayambira mwachangu chifukwa cha mtengo wamagetsi wambiri, wopangira magetsi ochepa;
• Kukhazikika kwa ntchito popanda ntchito. Kutentha kwa mpweya wolowa mgalimoto sikuyenera, kuthetheka bwino kumafunikira. Popeza pulagi ya iridium imafunikira mphamvu zochepa zamagetsi ndikupanga kuthetheka kwabwino, ngakhale mota wosafunda utha kukhala wolimba pang'onopang'ono;
• M'magawo ena, kugwiritsa ntchito pulagi yamtunduwu kwadzetsa kuchepa kwama mileage amafuta pafupifupi 7%. Chifukwa cha kuyatsa kwabwino kwa BTC, imayaka bwino kwambiri komanso mpweya wovulaza umalowa mumachitidwe otulutsa utsi;
• Kuyatsira kwamagalimoto kumafuna kukonza pafupipafupi. Pankhani yogwiritsira ntchito makandulo omwe akukambirana, kukonza kumachitika pambuyo potalika. Kutengera mtundu wa injini, ntchito yamakandulo ndiyotheka pakati pa ma kilomita 120 ndi 160 zikwi;
• Katundu wa iridium amapangitsa ma elekitirodi kuti asasungunuke kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pulagi yothetheka ipirire kutentha kwambiri mu injini yolimbitsa;
• Sangathe kutengeka ndi dzimbiri;
• Chitsimikizo cha kuthetheka kokhazikika pamachitidwe aliwonse oyendetsa galimotoyo.

Kodi pali zovuta zilizonse pamtundu wamtunduwu?

Mwachilengedwe, SZ yokhala ndi elekitirodi ya iridium imakhalanso ndi vuto. Kuti mumve molondola, pali zingapo mwa izi:

• Ndiokwera mtengo. Ngakhale pali "lupanga lakuthwa konsekonse". Kumbali imodzi, ndi amakhalidwe abwino, koma mbali inayo, ali ndi zowonjezereka. Pogwiritsa ntchito seti imodzi, dalaivala amakhala ndi nthawi yosinthira ma analog angapo;
• Eni ake agalimoto okalamba ambiri adakumana ndi zowawa ndi ma SZ awa. Komabe, vuto sililinso muzogulitsazi, koma chifukwa choti amapangidwira magulu amagetsi amakono. Njinga yamoto yofika mpaka ma 2,5 malita sangamve kusiyana pakukhazikitsa SZ yosakhala yovomerezeka.

Monga mukuwonera, kukhazikitsidwa kwa zinthu zotere kumawonekera pama mota oyendetsa bwino. Mwachitsanzo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto othamanga: pamisonkhano, kulowerera kapena mitundu ina ya mpikisano.

Ngati galimotoyo ndi yokalamba yokhala ndi injini yoyaka yaying'ono yosunthira pang'ono, ndiye kuti padzakhala makandulo opitilira muyeso. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuwasintha munthawi yake kuti koyilo yamagetsi isakule kwambiri chifukwa chopanga ma kaboni (kuti achite izi, akuuzidwa apa).

Kusiyanitsa pakati pa iridium spark plugs ndi standard plugs plugs

Nayi tebulo laling'ono lofanizira pakati pa iridium ndi SZ yachikale:

Mtundu wa makandulo:	Плюсы	Минусы
Standard	Mtengo wotsika Ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pagulu lililonse lamafuta; Osati kovuta kwambiri pamtengo wamafuta	Chida chochepa chifukwa cha mtundu wamagetsi; Kuyamba kozizira kwamagalimoto sikukhazikika nthawi zonse chifukwa chakubalalika kwakukulu kwa dothi; Mpweya wa kaboni umadziunjikira mwachangu (kuchuluka kwake kumadalira momwe makina oyatsira amathandizira); Poyatsira kusakaniza koyenera, mphamvu yamagetsi imafunika
Kuwonetsedwa ndi iridium	Kukula kwakukulu kwa moyo wogwira ntchito; Mtengo wambiri womwe unasonkhanitsidwa komanso wamphamvu chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka gawolo; Zimawongolera kukhazikika kwa mota; Nthawi zina, pamakhala kuwonjezeka kwa magwiridwe antchito chifukwa cha kuyaka bwino kwa VTS; Nthawi zina zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuyendetsa bwino kwa mota	Mtengo wapamwamba; Kutengera mtundu wa mafuta; Ikayikidwa pamalo ocheperako, palibe kusintha pakugwira kwake; Chifukwa choti zosintha zomwe zimasinthidwa pafupipafupi, ma particles ochulukirapo (ma kaboni) amatha kudziunjikira mu injini

Iridium spark plugs mtengo

Monga tazindikira kale, poyerekeza ndi makandulo akale, analidium analogue nthawi zina amawononga ndalama zochulukirapo katatu. Komabe, ngati tiziyerekeza ndi mnzake wa platinamu, ndiye kuti amakhala ndi zinthu zazing'ono pamtengo wapakati.

Mtengo wamtengowu sulinso wogwirizana ndi mtundu wa malonda, koma kutchuka kwake. Chidwi m'makandulo a iridium chimakulitsidwa ndi kuwunika kwa akatswiri ochita masewera othamanga, omwe nthawi zambiri amamva kusiyana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito izi.

Monga tazolowera kale, mtengo umapangidwa osati ndi mtundu, koma chifukwa chofunidwa. Anthu akangotembenukira ku nyama yotsika mtengo, yotsika mtengo nthawi yomweyo imatsika pamtengo, ndipo njirayi imasinthidwanso ndikusankha kwa bajeti.

Ngakhale iridium ndichitsulo chosowa kwambiri (poyerekeza ndi golide kapena platinamu), pakati pamagalimoto, makandulo okhala ndi ma elekitirodi okhala ndi chitsulo ichi ndiofala kwambiri. Koma mtengo wawo umachokera makamaka kutchuka kwa malonda, chifukwa zochepa zazinthuzi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga gawo. Kuphatikiza pakuwombera kumapeto kwa ma elekitirodi, izi ndizapulagi wamba.

Moyo wautumiki wa mapulagi a iridium

Tikayerekezera makandulo a iridium ndi mnzake wamba wa faifi tambala, ndiye kuti amasamalira pafupifupi nthawi zinayi. Chifukwa cha izi, mtengo wawo umalipiridwa ndi ntchito yayitali. Standard SZ, malinga ndi malingaliro a automaker, iyenera kusinthidwa pambuyo pazitali za 45 zikwi. mtunda. Ponena za kusintha kwa iridium, malinga ndi wopanga, atha kusintha m'malo mwa 60. Komabe, zomwe oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri adakumana nazo zikutsimikizira kuti akhoza kusiya mpaka 000.

Musapitirire malamulo omwe wopanga amapereka. Komanso, m'pofunikanso kuganizira kumangika makokedwe. Kupanda kutero, apo ayi, sipadzakhala zotsatira kuchokera kumakandulo awa, ndipo sangakwanitse kupeza zofunikira.

NGK Iridium Kuthetheka Mapulagi

Mapulagi a NGK iridium cored amawerengedwa kuti ndi njira yabwino kwambiri chifukwa chokhazikika komanso mtundu wapamwamba. Cholinga chake ndikuti iridium imasiyana ndi faifi tambala mwamphamvu komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri. Malo ake osungunuka ndi + 2450 madigiri.

Kuphatikiza pa nsonga ya iridium, kandulo ngati iyi ili ndi mbale ya platinamu. Chifukwa chake, ngakhale mphamvu yayikulu, pulagi imakhalabe yolimba. Ndipo kuthetheka kwapamwamba kwambiri, kumawononga mphamvu zochepa. Mbali ina ya SZ yotere ndikuti kutulutsa kumapangidwa ngakhale pakati pa insulator ndi electrode yapakati. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti chipangizocho chimachotsedwa ndi mwaye, ndipo kuthetheka kumapangidwa mosasinthasintha. Chifukwa cha ichi, ali ndi chida chachikulu chogwirira ntchito.

Mapulagi Abwino Kwambiri a Iridium

Ngati woyendetsa galimoto atasankha makandulo odalirika omwe angapereke chisangalalo kwa nthawi yayitali, ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti asankhe makandulo a iridium. Mwachitsanzo, njira yabwino pagululi imapangidwa ndi NGK.

Koma mndandandawu umaphatikizaponso mtundu wa Iridium Denzo. Koma mtunduwu uli ndi zosintha zingapo:

• TT - yokhala ndi zingwe ziwiri (TwinTip);
• SIP - kupereka poyatsira wapamwamba;
• Mphamvu - mphamvu yowonjezera ndi ena.

Iridium kapena wamba - zomwe zili bwino

Ngakhale kulimba kwa makandulo a iridium, sikuti woyendetsa galimoto aliyense ali wokonzeka kulipira $ 40 pamakandulo angapo, anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti ndibwino kugula SZ yokhazikika. Zachidziwikire, chinsinsi cha ma analog a iridium ndikulimba kwawo, ndipo zomwe zimapangitsa ndalama zodula izi zimangomveka mtsogolo.

Tikayerekezera mawonekedwe awiriwa a SZ, ndiye kuti pakukalamba kwawo kususuka kwa injini yoyaka mkati kumakula. Pazomwe zimagwiranso ntchito, chifukwa chofunsa ma kaboni pa maelekitirodi apakati, kanduloyo imayatsa pang'onopang'ono mafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya. Izi zimachitika, zonse mwanjira imodzi. Kusiyana kokha kuli munthawi yomwe kuyikapo nyali kumachepa kwambiri. Kwa makandulo wamba, gawo ili silinapitirire maola 250, koma anzawo a iridium adatumikira maola opitilira 360, ndipo sanataye mphamvu zawo, zomwe ndi pafupifupi 35 zikwi. makilomita.

Pakukalamba, SZ yodziwika bwino imachepetsa mphamvu ya kuyaka kwamkati. Mwachitsanzo, patatha maola 180 akugwira ntchito, chiwonetsero cha mpweya wa utsi chimawonjezeka ndikugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka ndi anayi peresenti. Pambuyo pa maola 60 okha, chiwerengerocho chidakwera 9% ndipo CO idakwera kufika 32%. Pakadali pano, kafukufuku wa lambda sanathenso kukonza makina opangira makina. Zida zodziwitsira pakadali pano zalemba kutha kwa gwero lamakandulo wamba.

Ponena za iridium SZ, chizindikiro choyamba cha ukalamba wawo chimawonekera pokhapokha atayandikira maola 300. Patsiku lomaliza kuzindikira (maola 360), kuchuluka kwa mafuta kunali pafupifupi atatu peresenti. Magulu a CO ndi CH adayimilira pafupifupi 15%.

Zotsatira zake, ngati galimotoyo ndi yamakono ndipo imayenda mtunda wautali, ndiye kuti ndizomveka kugula iridium SZ. Pakadali pano pomwe azilipira. Koma ngati galimotoyo ndi yakale, ndipo mileage yapachaka siyidutsa makilomita zikwi zisanu, ndiye kuti kugwiritsa ntchito makandulo a iridium sikungakhale koyenera pachuma.

Nayi kanema wamfupi pazovuta zazikulu zogwiritsa ntchito iridium:

Makandulo a Iridium kapena ayi?

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Moyo wautumiki wa mapulagi a iridium. Makandulo a Iridium, poyerekeza ndi makandulo a faifi tambala, amatenga nthawi yayitali katatu kapena kanayi. Ngati automaker ikulimbikitsani kuti musinthe makandulo wamba patatha pafupifupi 45 zikwi. Ponena za iridium NWs, pali milandu pomwe amayenda mwakachetechete pafupifupi ma 160 zikilomita zikwi, ndipo mgalimoto zina amakhala makilomita pafupifupi 200.

Makandulo angati amtundu wa iridium amapita. Popeza gasi wothinikizidwayo amalola kutentha kwa kutentha kwakukulu kwa HTS, izi zimapangitsa kuti mapulagi aziwonjezera kupsinjika. Poyerekeza ndi injini zamafuta, mapulagi samasamala kwenikweni akagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ena. Zachidziwikire, kusiyana kumeneku kumadalira mtundu wamagetsi, momwe amagwirira ntchito ndi zina. Poyatsira chisakanizo cha mpweya ndi mafuta, pamafunika magetsi a 10 mpaka 15 kV. Koma popeza gasi wothinikizidwayo amakhala ndi kutentha pang'ono, amatenga kuchokera ku 25 mpaka 30 kV kuti ayatse. Pachifukwa ichi, kuyamba kozizira kwa injini pa gasi nthawi yotentha ndikosavuta poyerekeza ndi kuyambika kwa injini yoyaka yamkati yamoto (pali mpweya wotentha wothandizira mpweya). Mumikhalidwe yokhazikika, makandulo a iridium amasamalira malinga ngati wopanga anena. Koma nthawi zonse zimatengera mtundu wa mafuta omwe injini imatenthedwa, komanso mpweya wokha.

Momwe mungayang'anire makandulo a iridium. Kuyang'ana makandulo a iridium sikusiyana ndi kuzindikira zaumoyo wazinthu zina zamtundu wina. Choyamba, kandulo siyatsegulidwa (kuti dothi lochokera pansi pa kandulo lisalowe mchitsime, mutha kuwombera dzenje ndi kompresa pomwe kandulo siyakutsegulidwa kwathunthu). Kusungunuka kwakukulu kwa kaboni, kusungunuka kwa maelekitirodi, kuwonongeka kwa gawo la kandulo la kandulo (ming'alu) - zonsezi ndi zizindikilo zowonekera za makandulo olakwika, ndipo zida ziyenera kusinthidwa ndi zatsopano.