Ukadaulo wamagalimoto amtsogolo (2020-2030)

M'badwo uno wazopanga zamakono kwambiri, aliyense magalimoto amtsogolo posachedwapa adzakhala weniweni. Zikuwoneka kuti magalimoto omwe tangowawona posachedwa m'mafilimu opeka asayansi alowa posachedwa. Ndipo munthu akhoza kuganiza mosavuta kuti mu zochepa zotsatirazi zaka, mu nthawi ya 2020 - 2030, magalimoto amtsogolo awa adzakwaniritsidwa kale ndikupezeka kwa ogula wamba.

Zikatere, ndikofunikira kuti tonse tikhale okonzekera izi ndikudziwa ndi ukadaulo wamagalimoto wamtsogolo, zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa ndi zomwe zimatchedwa Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS).

Ndi matekinoloje ati omwe magalimoto amtsogolo amagwiritsa ntchito?

Ukadaulo wapamwamba tsopano ukupangidwira magalimoto amtsogolomonga Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) ndi Big Data. Izi, makamaka, zimapereka malo ku Intelligent Transportation Systems, omwe amatha kusintha magalimoto wamba kukhala magalimoto anzeru.

Njira Zanzeru Zoyendera perekani zokhazokha ndikusintha zidziwitso zomwe zimalola magalimoto kuti azitha kuyenda okha (popanda woyendetsa)

Mwachitsanzo, chitsanzo chidwi - chitsanzo Rolls-Royce Vision 100 linapangidwa popanda mipando yakutsogolo ndi chiwongolero. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, galimotoyo ili ndi luntha lochita kupanga, kuitana kwa Eleanor, yemwe amagwira ntchito ngati wothandizira dalaivala.

Mitundu ingapo yama subtypes AI ndi gawo lofunikira pagalimoto zonse zamtsogolo... Kuyambira pa Natural Language Processing (NLP), yomwe imathandizira kulumikizana ndi othandizira oyendetsa, ku Computer Vision, yomwe imalola kuti galimoto izindikire zinthu zomwe zili pafupi (magalimoto ena, anthu, zikwangwani zapamsewu, ndi zina zambiri).

Koma, IoT imapatsa magalimoto zamtsogolo zomwe sizinachitikepo kupeza zambiri zadijito. Njirayi, pogwiritsa ntchito masensa angapo ndi makamera, imalola kuti galimotoyo igwirizane ndikusinthana ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana ndi magalimoto (magalimoto ena, magetsi apamtunda, misewu yochenjera, ndi zina zambiri).

Kuphatikiza apo, pali matekinoloje ngati LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). Njirayi idakhazikitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito masensa a laser omwe ali pamwamba pa galimoto yomwe imasanthula 360 ° mozungulira galimotoyo. Izi zimalola kuti galimotoyi ipange zigawo zitatu za malo omwe ali ndi zinthu zoyizungulira.

Ngakhale matekinoloje onsewa adachitika kale pazaka zingapo zapitazi, zikuyembekezeredwa kuti m'tsogolo, magalimoto adzagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yatsopano, ngakhale yabwinoko, ndipo adzakhala wamphamvu kwambiri komanso azachuma.

Kodi mawonekedwe amgalimoto zamtsogolo ndi ziti?

Zina mwazikulu ntchito zamagalimoto zamtsogoloOnse Okonda Magalimoto Ayenera Kudziwa:

• Zero zotulutsa. Chilichonse magalimoto amtsogolo adzakhala nawo 0 ndipo zithandizidwa kale ndi magetsi amagetsi kapena ma hydrogen system.
• Malo ambiri. Sadzakhala ndi zida zazikulu zoyaka mkati. M'tsogolomu, magalimoto adzagwiritsa ntchito mpata wonsewu pakapangidwe kazamkati kuti zitha kuyenda bwino.
• Zolemba malire chitetezo. Makina Oyendetsa Maulendo anzeru adzaikidwa mgalimoto zamtsogolo ali ndi izi:
  • Kusunga mtunda wotetezeka kuzinthu zina pomwe zikuyenda.
  • Makinawa amasiya.
  • Kuyimitsa nokha.
• Kutumiza kwa oyang'anira. Mitundu yambiri yamagalimoto yamtsogolo itha kuyendetsa moyenerera kapena kupatsa ena mphamvu zowongolera. Izi zidzatheka chifukwa cha machitidwe ngati Autlail Autopilot, njira yabwino Machitidwe a Lidar. Pakadali pano, magalimoto omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri akufikira pamlingo wa 4 kudziyimira pawokha, koma akuyembekezeka kuti pakati pa 2020 ndi 2030 afika pamlingo wa 5.
• Kusamutsa zambiri... Monga tafotokozera, mtsogolomo, magalimoto azitha kulumikizana ndi zida zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, zopangidwa monga BMW, Ford, Honda ndi Volkswagen zili mkati moyesa njira zamagalimoto, zolumikizirana ndi magetsi apamsewu, ndi mitundu ina yolumikizirana komanso kusinthana chidziwitso, monga Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) ndi Vehicle -ku-Zowonjezera (V2I).

Komanso, zopangidwa zazikulu mwamwambo sizokhazo zomwe pangani magalimoto amtsogolokomanso mitundu ina yaying'ono ngati Tesla komanso mitundu yomwe sinalumikizidwe ndikupanga magalimoto ngati Google (Waymo), Uber ndi Apple. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, posachedwa, tiwona m'misewu, magalimoto ndi njira, zopangidwadi, zodabwitsa komanso zosangalatsa.