Mutu wamphamvu: chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe, magwiridwe antchito ndi zovuta zake
Magalimoto,  nkhani,  Chipangizo chagalimoto,  Kugwiritsa ntchito makina

Mutu wamphamvu: chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe, magwiridwe antchito ndi zovuta zake

Kuyambira kukhazikitsidwa kwa injini yoyaka yamkati yoyamba, chipangizocho chasintha kwambiri. Zipangizo zake zinawonjezeredwa kwa zida zatsopano, anapatsidwa mosiyanasiyana, koma zinthu zina sizinasinthe.

Ndipo chimodzi mwazinthuzi ndi mutu wamphamvu. Zomwe zili, momwe mungathandizire gawolo ndikuwonongeka kwakukulu. Tidzakambirana zonsezi.

Kodi mutu wamphamvu bwanji mgalimoto m'mawu osavuta

Mutu ndi gawo la kapangidwe ka makina amagetsi. Imaikidwa pamwamba pamiyala yamphamvu. Kuonetsetsa kulimba kwa kulumikizana kwa magawo awiriwa, bolting imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo pakati pake pamakhala gasket.

Mutu wamphamvu: chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe, magwiridwe antchito ndi zovuta zake

Gawo ili limakwirira ma cylinders a block ngati chivundikiro. Zipangizo za gasket zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti madzi amisili asatuluke palimodzi ndipo mpweya wogwira ntchito wa injini (osakaniza mafuta kapena mpweya wokulitsa womwe umapangidwa pakaphulika MTC) sathawa.

Kapangidwe ka mutu wamiyeso kumakupatsani mwayi wokhazikitsira makina mkati omwe ali ndi udindo wopanga VTS ndikugawa dongosolo ndi nthawi yotsegulira ma valve ndi ma utsi. Njirayi imatchedwa lamba wa nthawi.

Kodi mutu wamphamvu uli kuti

Ngati mutakweza nyumbayo, mutha kuwona nthawi yomweyo chivundikiro cha pulasitiki mchipinda cha injini. Nthawi zambiri, kapangidwe kake amaphatikizira kudya mpweya wa fyuluta yam'mlengalenga ndi gawo la fyuluta yokha. Kuchotsa chivundikirocho kumatsegulira mwayi wamagalimoto.

Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti magalimoto amakono amatha kukhala ndi zida zosiyanasiyana. Kuti mufike pagalimoto, muyenera kusiya zinthu izi. Kapangidwe kakang'ono kwambiri ndi mota. Kutengera ndi kusinthaku, chipangizocho chimatha kukhala ndi mawonekedwe azitali kapena opingasa. Zimatengera kuyendetsa - kumbuyo kapena kutsogolo, motsatana.

Mutu wamphamvu: chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe, magwiridwe antchito ndi zovuta zake

Chivundikiro chachitsulo chakhazikika pamwamba pa injini. Zomwe sizodziwika bwino ndikusinthidwa kwapadera kwa injini - nkhonya, kapena monga amatchedwanso "boxer". Poterepa, zimatenga malo osanjikiza, ndipo mutu sudzakhala pamwamba, koma mbali. Sitiganizanso za injini zoterezi, chifukwa iwo omwe ali ndi ndalama zogulira galimoto yotere samakonzekera pamanja, koma amakonda ntchito.

Kotero, kumtunda kwa injini yoyaka mkati muli chivundikiro cha valve. Yakhazikika pamutu ndikutseka makina ogawira mpweya. Gawo lomwe lili pakati pa chivundikirocho ndi gawo lokulirapo la injini (chipika) ndendende mutu wamphamvu.

Cholinga cha mutu wamphamvu

Pali mabowo ambiri pamutu, chifukwa chake gawoli limagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana:

  • Kumbali ya chivundikirocho, zomangira zimapangidwa kuti zikhazikitse camshaft (werengani za cholinga ndi mawonekedwe a chinthuchi mu ndemanga yapadera). Izi zimatsimikizira kugawa koyenera kwakanthawi kwakanthawi molingana ndi sitiroko yomwe pisitoni imagwira mu silinda inayake;
  • Kumbali imodzi, mutu uli ndi njira zodyera ndikutulutsa zochulukitsa, zomwe zimakonzedwa ku gawo ndi mtedza ndi zikhomo;Mutu wamphamvu: chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe, magwiridwe antchito ndi zovuta zake
  • Kudzera mabowo amapangidwa mmenemo. Zina zimapangidwa kuti zizimitse zinthuzo, zina kuti zikhazikitse mavavu olowera ndi kubwerekera. Palinso zitsime zamakandulo momwe makandulo amalowerera (ngati injini ndi dizilo, ndiye kuti mapulagi owala amalowetsedwa m'mabowo awa, ndipo mtundu wina wa mabowo amapangidwa pafupi nawo - kukhazikitsa ma jakisoni wamafuta);
  • Kumbali yamiyala yamatabwa, chimbudzi chimapangidwa m'dera lakumtunda kwa silinda iliyonse. Mu injini yosonkhanitsidwa, mphako iyi ndi chipinda momwe mpweya umasakanikirana ndi mafuta (kusinthidwa kwa jekeseni wachindunji, pazinthu zina zonse zama injini, VTS imapangidwa pamagulu azakudya, omwe amakhalanso pamutu) ndipo kuyaka kwake kumayambika;
  • M'nyumba yamphamvu yamphamvu, njira zimapangidwira kufalitsa kwamadzi amisili - ma antifreeze kapena antifreeze, omwe amapereka kuziziritsa kwa injini yoyaka yamkati ndi mafuta pakuthira kwamagawo onse osunthika a chipindacho.

Cylinder mutu zakuthupi

Zambiri mwa injini zakale zinali zopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka. Zinthuzo zimakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu komanso zimatsutsana ndi kusokonekera chifukwa cha kutenthedwa. Chokhachokha chokha cha injini yoyaka yamkati ndikulemera kwake kwakukulu.

Pofuna kukonza kapangidwe kake, opanga amagwiritsa ntchito aloyi wopepuka wa aluminiyamu. Chipangizocho chimalemera kwambiri kuposa chiwonetsero cham'mbuyomu, chomwe chimakhudza mphamvu zamagalimoto.

Mutu wamphamvu: chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe, magwiridwe antchito ndi zovuta zake

Galimoto yamakono yonyamula anthu izikhala ndi injini yotere. Zitsanzo za dizilo ndizosiyana m'gululi, chifukwa kuthamanga kwambiri kumapangidwa mu silinda iliyonse ya injini yotere. Pamodzi ndi kutentha kwakukulu, izi zimapangitsa zinthu kukhala zosayenera kugwiritsa ntchito ma alloys opepuka omwe samasiyana mwamphamvu zawo. Ponyamula katundu, kugwiritsa ntchito chitsulo chopangira injini kumatsalira. Ukadaulo womwe wagwiritsidwa ntchito pankhaniyi ndikuponyera.

Kupanga gawo: zomwe zimaphatikizidwa pamutu wamphamvu

Takambirana kale za zinthu zomwe mutu wamphamvu umapangidwa, tsopano tiyeni timvere chida cha elementi. Mutu wamphamvu womwewo umawoneka ngati chivundikiro chopanda dzenje lokhala ndi zimbudzi ndi mabowo osiyanasiyana.

Izi zimathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito magawo ndi njira zotsatirazi:

  • Njira yogawa gasi. Imaikidwa gawo pakati pamutu wamphamvu ndi chivundikiro cha valavu. Njirayi imaphatikizapo camshaft, dongosolo la kudya ndi kutulutsa. Valavu imayikidwa mu bowo lililonse polowera ndi potulutsira ma cylinders (kuchuluka kwawo pa silinda iliyonse kumadalira mtundu wa lamba wa nthawi, womwe umafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane pakuwunikanso za kapangidwe ka camshafts). Chipangizochi chimagawira magawo a VTS komanso kutulutsa mpweya wa utsi molingana ndi zikwapu za injini ya 4-stroke potsegula ndi kutseka ma valve. Kuti makina azigwira ntchito moyenera, kapangidwe kamutu kamakhala ndi misonkhano yapadera pomwe ma camshaft mayendedwe (amodzi kapena angapo) amaikidwa;Mutu wamphamvu: chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe, magwiridwe antchito ndi zovuta zake
  • Cylinder mutu gaskets. Izi zakonzedwa kuti zitsimikizire kulimba kwa kulumikizana pakati pazinthu ziwirizi (momwe mungakonzere m'malo mwa gasket akufotokozedwa m'nkhani yapadera);
  • Njira zamakono. Dera lozizira limadutsa pang'ono pamutu (werengani za kuzirala kwamagalimoto apa) komanso kupatula mafuta oyaka mkati (makinawa amafotokozedwa apa);
  • Kumbali ya nyumba yamphamvu yamphamvu, njira zimapangidwira zolowetsa ndi kutulutsa zochuluka.

Malo okwezera makinawa amatchedwanso bedi la camshaft. Zimakwanira zolumikizira zolingana pamutu wamagalimoto.

Mitu ndi chiyani

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mitu ya injini:

  • Kwa ma valve apamwamba - amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto amakono. Chida choterocho chimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta momwe zingathere kukonza chipangizocho kapena kukonza;Mutu wamphamvu: chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe, magwiridwe antchito ndi zovuta zake
  • Kukonzekera kwa valavu yotsika - imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, chifukwa injini yotere imagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ambiri ndipo siyosiyana ndi chuma chake. Ngakhale kapangidwe ka mutu wotere ndi wosavuta kwambiri;
  • Munthu payekha yamphamvu imodzi - yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagetsi akulu, komanso pama injini a dizilo. Zimakhala zosavuta kukhazikitsa kapena kuchotsa.

Kukonza ndi kuzindikira mutu wamphamvu

Kuti injini yoyaka moto igwire bwino ntchito (ndipo siyigwira ntchito popanda mutu wamphamvu), woyendetsa galimoto aliyense amafunika kutsatira malamulo okonzera galimotoyo. Komanso, chinthu chofunikira ndikutsatira kayendedwe kabwino ka injini yoyaka. Ntchito yamagalimoto nthawi zonse imalumikizidwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu komanso kuthamanga kwakukulu.

Zosintha zamakono zimapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zomwe zimatha kupunduka ndi kuthamanga kwambiri ngati makina oyaka amkati atenthedwa. Kutentha kwachikhalidwe kumafotokozedwa apa.

Zovuta pamutu wa Cylinder

Popeza mutu wa injini ndi gawo limodzi chabe la kapangidwe kake, kuwonongeka nthawi zambiri sikudandaula ndi gawo lokhalo, koma makina ndi zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa mmenemo.

Mutu wamphamvu: chofunikira kwambiri pakapangidwe, magwiridwe antchito ndi zovuta zake

Nthawi zambiri, mutu wamphamvu umachotsedwa pakakonzedwa ngati silinda wamutu wamtengo wapatali wamenyedwa. Koyamba, m'malo mwake kumawoneka ngati njira yosavuta, pamenepo, njirayi ili ndi zina zambiri zobisika, chifukwa chake kukonzanso kumatha kukhala kodula. Momwe mungasinthire bwino zinthu za gasket zidaperekedwa osiyana review.

Zowonongeka kwambiri ndikupanga ming'alu pamlanduwo. Kuphatikiza pa zovuta izi, opanga magalimoto ambiri, polankhula zakukonza mutu, amatanthauza ntchito yokonzanso yotsatirayi:

  • Ulusi wa pachitsime cha kandulo waduka;
  • Zomwe bedi la camshaft zatha;
  • Mpando wa Valve wavala.

Zowonongeka zambiri zimakonzedwa ndikuyika zida zokonzanso. Komabe, ngati mng'alu wapanga, dzenje silimayesedwa kukonzanso - limangosinthidwa ndi lina. Koma ngakhale pamavuto, ena amatha kubwezeretsa gawo losweka. Chitsanzo cha vidiyo iyi:

Cylinder mutu wokonza kuwotcherera koyenera kwa ming'alu ndi mawindo pa chitsanzo cha Opel Askona TIG cylinder mutu kuwotcherera

Chifukwa chake, ngakhale pakuwona koyamba palibe chomwe chingaswe pamutu, mavuto atha kubukabe. Ndipo ngati dalaivala akukumana ndi vuto lofananalo, adzafunika kuwonongera ndalama zokwera mtengo. Pofuna kupewa izi, galimoto iyenera kuyendetsedwa mosamala, ndipo magetsi sayenera kutenthedwa.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi mitu ya silinda imakonzedwa bwanji? Ndi chidutswa chimodzi chopangidwa ndi aluminiyamu alloy kapena alloy cast iron. Mbali yapansi ya mutu wa silinda imakulitsidwa pang'ono kuti igwirizane kwambiri ndi chipikacho. Zofunikira ndi maimidwe amapangidwa mkati mwa mutu wa silinda kuti akhazikitse magawo ofunikira.

Kodi mutu wa silinda uli kuti? Chigawo ichi chagawo chamagetsi chili pamwamba pa block ya silinda. Ma spark plugs amakhomedwa m'mutu, ndipo m'magalimoto ambiri amakono mulinso majekeseni amafuta.

Ndi mbali ziti zomwe zimafunika kukonza mutu wa silinda? Zimatengera chikhalidwe cha kuwonongeka. Ngati mutu wokha wawonongeka, ndiye kuti muyenera kuyang'ana watsopano. Kuti musinthe gawo linalake, mwachitsanzo, mavavu, ma camshafts, ndi zina zotero, muyenera kugula m'malo.

Kuwonjezera ndemanga