Galimoto yophatikiza: zomwe muyenera kudziwa!

Kubwerera ku 1997, Toyota idabweretsa dziko lapansi la Prius hybrid passenger, patadutsa zaka ziwiri (Honda) adatulutsa Insight, galimoto yoyenda kutsogolo yoyendetsa galimoto. Magalimoto osakanizidwa akukhala otchuka kwambiri komanso ofala masiku ano.

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti hybridi ndiye tsogolo lamagalimoto, pomwe ena sazindikira galimoto yomwe ingagwiritse ntchito china chilichonse kupatula dizilo kapena mafuta ngati mafuta. Tinaganiza zokakonzerani zinthu, momwe tidzayesere kuwonetsa zabwino zonse ndi zoyipa zokhala ndi galimoto yosakanizidwa. Kotero tiyeni tiyambe.

Pali mitundu ingati yamagalimoto a haibridi omwe alipo?

Poyamba, mawu oti "wosakanizidwa" amachokera kuchilatini ndipo amatanthauza china chake chosakanikirana kapena chophatikiza zinthu zina. Kulankhula zamagalimoto, apa zikutanthauza galimoto yokhala ndi mitundu iwiri yamagetsi (injini yoyaka mkati ndi mota wamagetsi).

Mitundu yamagalimoto osakanizidwa:

• ofewa;
• zogwirizana;
• kufanana;
• zonse;
• kubwezeredwa.

Galimoto yosakanizidwa yosalala

Zofewa. Apa sitata ndi alternator zimasinthidwa kwathunthu ndi mota wamagetsi, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambitsa ndikuthandizira injini. Izi zimapangitsa mphamvu zamagalimoto, pomwe zimachepetsa mafuta pafupifupi 15%. Zitsanzo zenizeni za magalimoto osakanizidwa ndi Suzuki Swift SHVS ndi Honda CRZ.

Ma hybrids ofatsa amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi ang'onoang'ono omwe amalowa m'malo mwa oyambitsa ndi osinthira (otchedwa dynamo). Mwanjira iyi, imathandizira injini yamafuta ndikugwira ntchito zamagetsi zamagalimoto pomwe palibe katundu pa injini.

Pamodzi ndi makina oyimitsira oyambira, mtundu wosakanizika wocheperako umachepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma sikuti umayandikira magawo onse osakanizidwa.

Magalimoto osakanizidwa kwathunthu

Mumayendedwe athunthu, galimoto imatha kuyendetsedwa ndi mota wamagetsi nthawi iliyonse yamaulendo. Ndipo ikufulumizitsa, komanso poyenda pang'onopang'ono. Mwachitsanzo, mtawuni ikayendetsa galimoto itha kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi amagetsi amodzi. Kuti mumvetsetse, wosakanizidwa wathunthu ndi BMW X6 ActiveHybrid.

Makina osakanizidwa kwathunthu ndi ovuta kwambiri kukhazikitsa kuposa mtundu wosakanizidwa. Komabe, amatha kusintha kwambiri magwiridwe antchito agalimoto. Kuphatikiza apo, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi okha poyendetsa mumzinda kumatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamafuta ndi 20%.

Zowonjezeretsanso zosakanizidwa

Wophatikiza-pulagi ndi galimoto yomwe ili ndi injini yoyaka mkati, mota wamagetsi, gawo la haibridi, ndi batri lomwe limatha kubwerezedwanso kuchokera kubwalo. Chofunika kwambiri ndikuti batire ndiyopakatikati: yaying'ono kuposa yamagalimoto amagetsi komanso yayikulupo kuposa yamtundu wamba.

Ubwino wamagalimoto osakanizidwa

Ganizirani zabwino za magalimoto osakanizidwa:

• Ubwenzi wa chilengedwe. Mitundu yamagalimoto oterewa imayendera malo osasamalira zachilengedwe. Injini yamagetsi ndi mafuta amagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti achepetse kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwamafuta, ndikupulumutsa bajeti yanu.
• Chuma. Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochepa ndichopindulitsa. Apa, ngakhale mabatire atafa, pali injini yoyaka yoyaka yamkati yabwino, ndipo ngati mafuta atha, mudzapatsira mafuta pamalo oyatsira mafuta oyamba omwe mumapeza osadandaula za malo omwe mungapangire. Mosavuta.
• Kudalira pang'ono pa mafuta. Pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi, galimoto yosakanizidwa imafunikira mafuta ochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziziyenda pang'ono komanso zisamadalire mafuta. Chifukwa cha ichi, kutsika kwamitengo yamafuta kumayembekezeranso.
• Kuchita bwino. Magwiridwe ake ndi chifukwa chabwino chogulira galimoto yophatikiza. Galimoto yamagetsi imatha kuwonedwa ngati mtundu wamagetsi popanda mafuta owonjezera opangira chopangira mphamvu kapena kompresa.

Zoyipa za Magalimoto Ophatikiza

Mphamvu zochepa. Magalimoto a haibridi amagwiritsa ntchito injini ziwiri zodziyimira pawokha, pomwe injini yamafuta ndiyo imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi. Ma injini awiri omwe ali mgalimoto amatanthauza kuti injini yamafuta kapena mota yamagetsi sikhala yamphamvu ngati mafuta wamba kapena magalimoto amagetsi. ndipo izi ndizomveka.

Kugula mtengo. Mtengo wokwera, womwe mtengo wake uli pafupifupi madola zikwi khumi mpaka khumi kuposa magalimoto wamba. Ngakhale, iyi ndi nthawi imodzi yomwe mudzapindule nayo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. Magalimotowa amatha kukhala ovuta kukonza ndikusamalira chifukwa chamapasa amapasa, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo komanso kukwera mtengo kwa ntchito.

Mkulu voteji mabatire. Pakachitika ngozi, mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe ili m'mabatire imatha kupha.

Kuyendera ndi kuthandiza magalimoto osakanizidwa

Mabatire nthawi zambiri amafunika kuti amasinthidwe pambuyo pake Zaka 15-20, chitsimikizo cha moyo wonse ndichotheka pamagetsi amagetsi. Magalimoto osakanizidwa amalimbikitsidwa kuti azithandizidwa m'malo opezeka ndi boma omwe ali ndi zida zapadera ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito akatswiri ophunzitsidwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mtundu wagalimoto. Kufufuza galimoto yophatikiza kumaphatikizapo:

• zizindikiro zolakwika za matenda;
• batri wosakanizidwa;
• kudzipatula kwa batri;
• machitidwe;
• dongosolo lozizira. 

Zikhulupiriro Zopeka Zam'mizinda

1. Zingadabwe. Mpaka pano, anthu ena amakhulupirira kuti dalaivala ndi okwera galimoto hybrid akhoza kugwidwa ndi magetsi. Izi sizowona ayi. Ma hybrids ali ndi chitetezo chabwino kwambiri, kuphatikiza pachiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kotere. Ndipo ngati mukuganiza kuti batire yagalimoto imaphulikanso ngati mafoni am'manja, mukulakwitsa.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito bwino nyengo yozizira... Pazifukwa zina, oyendetsa galimoto ena amakhulupirira kuti magalimoto a haibridi sagwira bwino ntchito m'nyengo yozizira. Ichi ndi nthano ina yoti ndi nthawi yabwino kuti muchotse. Chowonadi ndichakuti injini yoyaka yamkati imayambitsidwa ndi mota yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yayikulu komanso batri lonyamula, lomwe limakhala lamphamvu kangapo kuposa choyambira chachikhalidwe ndi batire. Mpaka batire ifike pakatenthedwe, magwiridwe ake azikhala ochepa, zomwe zingakhudze mphamvu zadongosolo, popeza gwero loyamba lamphamvu la haibridi limakhalabe injini yoyaka mkati. Chifukwa chake, chisanu sichowopsa pagalimoto yotere.
3. Zokwera mtengo kusamaliraAnthu ambiri amaganiza kuti kusunga magalimoto osakanizidwa ndikokwera mtengo kuposa magalimoto wamba. Izi sizoona. Mtengo wokonzanso ndi womwewo. Nthawi zina ngakhale kukonza galimoto yosakanizidwa kumatha kutsika mtengo chifukwa cha makina amagetsi. Kuphatikiza apo, magalimoto a haibridi amadya mafuta ochepa kuposa ma ICE.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa hybrid ndi galimoto wamba? Galimoto yosakanizidwa imaphatikiza magawo a galimoto yamagetsi ndi galimoto yapamwamba yokhala ndi injini yoyaka mkati. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito ma drive awiri osiyanasiyana akhoza kusiyana.

Kodi kulembedwa pagalimoto ya haibridi kumatanthauza chiyani? Chosakanizidwa kwenikweni ndi mtanda pakati pa chinachake. Pankhani ya galimoto, ndi chisakanizo cha galimoto yamagetsi ndi injini yowonongeka mkati. Kulemba koteroko pa galimoto kumasonyeza kuti galimotoyo imagwiritsa ntchito mitundu iwiri ya magetsi.

Ndi galimoto iti yosakanizidwa yomwe muyenera kugula? Chitsanzo chodziwika kwambiri ndi Toyota Prius (ma hybrids ambiri amagwira ntchito mofanana), komanso njira yabwino ndi Chevrolet Volt, Honda CR-V Hybrid.