Kuyendetsa galimoto Fiat 500 Topolino, Fiat 500, Fiat Panda: Little Italy
Mitundu itatu yomwe yapereka mayendedwe amibadwo yakunyumba
Zinali zothandiza ndipo, koposa zonse, zotsika mtengo. Ndi 500 Topolino ndi Nuovo 500, FIAT idakwanitsa kuyendetsa dziko lonse la Italy pamavili. Pambuyo pake, Panda adachitanso chimodzimodzi.
Awiriwa amadziwa kwambiri chikoka chawo - Topolino ndi 500. Chifukwa amadziwa kuti ndi chithumwa chawo amawakondadi akazi, omwe nthawi zambiri amawayang'ana nthawi yayitali kuposa nthawi zonse pamagalimoto ena. Izi, ndithudi, zimazindikiridwa ndi Panda, yemwe nkhope yake yokhotakhota ikuwoneka ngati ikuponya maso ansanje lero. Monga ngati akufuna kufuula kuti: "Ndiyeneranso chikondi." Ndiwogulitsanso kwambiri ndipo kwa nthawi yayitali amatchedwa chithunzi cha mapangidwe. Ndipo ambiri, ndi pafupifupi ofanana ndi ana ena - ndalama ndi angakwanitse galimoto yaing'ono, kwathunthu mu mzimu choyambirira Topolino ndi Cinquecento.
Galimoto yaying'ono ya aliyense - kaya ndi lingaliro loyambirira la 1930s kuchokera kwa Benito Mussolini kapena bwana wa Fiat Giovanni Agnelli, mwina sitingadziwe bwino. Wina ankafuna kulimbikitsa kuyendetsa galimoto ku Italy pazifukwa zandale, ndipo winayo ankafuna deta yogulitsa malonda komanso, ndithudi, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa zomera zake m'boma la Lingoto ku Turin. Zikhale momwemo, motsogozedwa ndi mlengi wachinyamata Dante Giacosa, wopanga waku Italy adapanga ndikuyambitsa Fiat 15 pa Juni 1936, 500, yomwe anthu adayitcha mwachangu Topolino - "mbewa", chifukwa nyali zamapiko zimafanana. Makutu a Mickey Mouse. Fiat 500 ndi galimoto yaing'ono komanso yotsika mtengo kwambiri pamsika wa ku Italy ndipo imayala maziko oyendayenda - kuyambira pano, kukhala ndi galimoto si mwayi wa olemera okha.
Fiat 500 Topolino - injini yamphamvu zinayi yamphamvu yokhala ndi 16,5 hp
Fiat 500 C yobiriwira yolembedwa ndi Klaus Türk wa ku Nürtingen ili kale mtundu wachitatu (komanso womaliza) wa omwe adagulitsidwa kwambiri omwe adatulutsidwa mu 1949 ndipo adapangidwa mpaka 1955. Ngakhale nyali zamoto zamangidwa kale muzitsulo, galimotoyo imatchedwanso Topolino, osati kudziko lakwawo lokha. "Komabe, maziko aukadaulo akadali ogwirizana ndi mtundu woyamba," akufotokoza Fiat fan.
Ngati tiyang'ana koyamba pa malo a injini, tikhoza kuganiza kuti injini ya 569 cc 16,5 yamphamvu. Onani idayikidwa molakwika - kagawo kakang'ono kokhala ndi mphamvu ya 13 hp. (m'malo mwa 500 hp yoyambirira) ilidi kutsogolo kwa ekseli yakutsogolo, radiator ikuyang'ana kumbuyo komanso m'mwamba pang'ono. "Zonse zili bwino," a Turk akutitsimikizira. Kukonzekera kumeneku kunapangitsa kuti XNUMX ikhale ndi mapeto ozungulira aerodynamic mozungulira panthawi imodzimodziyo kuthetsa kufunika kwa mpope wamadzi. Komabe, pokwera kwambiri, woyendetsa ayenera kuyang'anitsitsa kutentha kwa injini.
Tanki ilinso kutsogolo, kapena m'malo pamwamba pa legroom. Popeza carburetor ili m'munsi, Topolino safuna mpope mafuta. "Kupatula apo, okonza kope lachitatu la Topolino adapatsa mutu wa aluminiyamu ya silinda ndi makina otenthetsera," akutero mwini Klaus Türk, yemwe amatipatsa kuyesa pang'ono.
Ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri amanena kuti Topolino ndi malo odabwitsa a mkati, ndi kanyumba kakang'ono m'lifupi mwake osakwana 1,30 m, momwe zilili mkati mwake ndi zapamtima. Popeza tatsegula kale pinda yofewa pamwamba, pali headroom yokwanira. Kuyang'ana nthawi yomweyo kumayima pazida ziwiri zozungulira, kumanzere kwake komwe kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwamafuta ndi kutentha kwa injini, ndipo chowongolera chothamanga chili kutsogolo kwa maso a wokwera pafupi ndi dalaivala.
Ndikubangula kwakukulu, injini yamphamvu inayi ya bonsai imayamba kugwira ntchito ndipo ndikulumpha pang'ono 500 imayamba mosayembekezereka. Pomwe galimotoyo imakwera molimba mtima mumisewu yopapatiza, yotsetsereka ku gawo lakale la Nürtingen, magiya awiri oyamba amafunikira chidwi chifukwa samagwirizana. Malinga ndi a Turk, zinali zotheka kuyendetsa pa liwiro la 90 km / h, koma sankafuna kuyesera Fiat yake pamayeso otere. “Mphamvu ya 16,5 hp. muyenera kusangalala ndi zakunja pang'ono pang'ono modekha. "
Fiat Nuova 500: zili ngati kuyendetsa galimoto yoseweretsa
Pofika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 50, wojambula wamkulu Dante Giacosa anakumananso ndi vuto lalikulu. Nkhawa ikuyang'ana wolowa m'malo Topolino, monga zofunika zazikulu zikuphatikizapo malo osachepera zotheka malo anayi m'malo mipando iwiri, komanso injini kumbuyo, monga Fiat 1955, anayambitsa 600. Kuti asunge malo, Yacoza adaganiza zogwiritsa ntchito injini yamagetsi yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya, yomwe poyamba inali 479 cc13,5 yokhala ndi 500 hp. Kufanana kokha pakati pa zomwe zimatchedwa Nuova 1957 ndi chitsanzo chomwe chinayambika mu XNUMX ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwake ndi denga la nsalu ndi zenera lakumbuyo la pulasitiki lomwe poyamba limatha kutsegulira njira yonse yopita ku hood pamwamba pa injini.
Felbach's Cinquecento Mario Giuliano idapangidwa mu 1973, ndipo kusintha, komwe sikunayambitsidwe mpaka kumapeto kwa moyo wachitsanzo mu 1977, kunaphatikizanso injini yomwe idachulukitsa 594 hp kupita ku 18 cc. ., komanso denga, lomwe limangotsegukira pamwamba pamipando yakutsogolo, limatchedwa "tetto apribile". Komabe, Fiat idasungira bokosi lamagalimoto othamanga anayi osakondera kufikira pomwe idakondweretsanso yomwe idagulitsidwa kwambiri.
Komabe, ndi liwiro limodzi lozungulira, Nuova 500 imawoneka ngati spartan kuposa Topolino. “Koma zimenezo sizisintha ngakhale pang’ono chisangalalo cha kuyendetsa galimotoyi,” anatero mwiniwake wachidwi Giuliano, yemwe, monga membala wa bungwe la Fiat 500 ku Felbach, posachedwapa anakonza msonkhano wapadziko lonse wa eni zitsanzo.
Masinthidwe angapo omwe ali pamzere wapa dashboard, cholembera chachitali chochepa komanso chowonda, ndi chiongolero chosalimba chimamupatsa munthu yemwe ali m'galimoto kumverera kuti ali pachoseweretsa chokulirapo pang'ono. Komabe, chidwi ichi chimangosintha injini ikangoyamba kumene. Ndi bouncer (wokongola) bwanji! Kutha kwake ndi mamitala 30 a Newton okha, koma imafalitsa zazikulu. Monga weasel, mwana wanzeru amapita mumisewu yokhotakhota ya Nürtingen, yomwe imafanana ndi kwawo kwa Italy, ndipo chiwongolero ndi chassis zimagwira ntchito molunjika, ngati kart-kart.
Kumwetulira kumangowonekera pankhope za omwe amuwona paulendowu, ngakhale kubangula kumbuyo komwe sikukhululuka magalimoto ena ambiri munthawi yathu ino. Ndipo mukuyendetsa, mulibe mwayi wopewa "jini labwino", lomwe limanyamula 500.
Fiat Panda inakhalanso wogulitsa kwambiri
Tikuphonya Fiat 126, yomwe poyang'anitsitsa bwino ikadakhala yolowa m'malo mwa Cinquecento, ndikufikira Panda, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1986, ya Dino Minsera wa Fellbach. Palibe kukayikira kuti ndi minivan, koma poyerekeza ndi ana ena awiri, wogulitsa bokosi uyu, yemwe adayambitsidwa mu 1980, akumva ngati mwakhala pa basi. Ili ndi malo a anthu anayi ndi katundu pang'ono, koma ikadali yotsika mtengo - Fiat adawunikanso bwino zosowa za dziko ndikulamula Giugiaro kuti apange bokosi locheperako mpaka gudumu lofunika kwambiri - kuchokera pazitsulo zopyapyala zokhala ndi mazenera athyathyathya. pamwamba, ndi mkati - zosavuta tubular mipando. "Kuphatikizika kwa zofunikira ndi zosangalatsa zoyendetsa galimoto ndizopadera lero," akutero Mincera, yemwe wakhala mwini wachiwiri kwa zaka khumi ndi ziwiri.
Misewu yopapatiza ya Nürtingen imakhala gawo lachitatu komanso lomaliza. Panda amalumphira pa phula lalikulu, koma ndi 34 hp. (pamwamba camshaft!) Poyerekeza ndi akale ake, izo zimayenda pafupifupi ngati galimoto mikangano ndi chidwi ndi akamanena zake - osachepera zimenezi zimakhudza munthu kumbuyo gudumu. Koma ndi anthu ochepa amene amamusamalira, mwina chifukwa chakuti poyamba ankamuona paliponse ndipo amaiwala kuti galimoto imeneyi ndi yanzeru kwambiri.
Pomaliza
Mkonzi Michael Schroeder: Apanso, tiyeni tiwunikire mwachidule mphamvu zazikulu zamagalimoto ang'onoang'ono atatuwa: chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali yopanga komanso kutulutsa kwakukulu, athandiza mibadwo yambiri yaku Italiya. Sizabwino kuti, mosiyana ndi Topolino ndi 500, Panda ikadali kutali ndi chithunzi chachipembedzo pakati pamagalimoto ang'onoang'ono.
Zolemba: Michael Schroeder
Chithunzi: Arturo Rivas
Zambiri zaukadaulo
| Zambiri `` | Zambiri zaife Fiat 500 C Topolin® | Zambiri zaife Fianda Panda 750 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ntchito voliyumu | 594 CC | 569 CC | 770 CC |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu | 18 ks (13 kW) pa 4000 rpm | 16,5 ks (12 kW) pa 4400 rpm | 34 ks (25 kW) pa 5200 rpm |
| Kuchuluka makokedwe | 30,4 Nm pa 2800 rpm | 29 Nm pa 2900 rpm | 57 Nm pa 3000 rpm |
| Kupititsa patsogolo 0-100 km / h | Mphindi 33,7 (0-80 km / h) | - | 23 s |
| Ma braking mtunda pa liwiro la 100 km / h | palibe deta | palibe deta | palibe deta |
| Kuthamanga kwakukulu | 97 km / h | 95 km / h | 125 km / h |
| Kuchuluka kwa mowa mafuta pamayeso | 7,9 malita / 100 km | 5 - 7 malita / 100 km | 5,6 malita / 100 km |
| Mtengo Woyamba | € 11 (ku Germany, comp. 000) | € 14 (ku Germany, comp. 000) | EUR 9000 (ku Germany, comp. 1) |
Kunyumba " Zolemba " Zopanda kanthu » Fiat 500 Topolino, Fiat 500, Fiat Panda: Little Italy
