Mawuluka awiriawiri. Ndi chiyani, momwe imagwirira ntchito

Chiwerengero chachikulu cha mayunitsi chimaphatikizidwa ndi chida chofalitsira magalimoto. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pa injini yomwe imagwira ntchito poyatsira mafuta osakaniza ndi mpweya. Pali zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa patsamba lothandizana ndi mfundo zina.

Zina mwazigawo zotere ndi flywheel. Mu mtundu wanthawi zonse, ichi ndi chinthu chodalirika chomwe sichimalephera kawirikawiri, ndipo zikawonongeka, dalaivala amawononga ndalama zochepa (nthawi zina kukonza kumatha kuchitidwa paokha ngati muli ndi zida zofunikira).

Kuchulukitsa chitonthozo pakugwiritsa ntchito injini, mainjiniya apanga kusintha kosintha kwamafunde awiri. Gawo lotere limathandizira kuchotsera kugwedezeka kwakukulu komwe kumabwera kuchokera pagalimoto, koma ngati ikasweka, imakhala mutu weniweni komanso dzenje lalikulu lakuda mchikwama cha eni galimoto.

Ganizirani za mbali yopuma iyi, momwe imagwirira ntchito, zovuta zina zomwe zimachitika komanso momwe mungakonzekere.

Kodi Dual Mass Flywheel ndi chiyani

Flywheel yapawiri-misa ndi gawo lopangidwa ndi ma disc awiri, pakati pake pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito yoyeserera. Mbali imodzi ya DMM imalumikizidwa ndi crankshaft flange. Kumbali inayo, dengu la clutch limalumikizidwa nalo.

Monga gawo lapadera, zida zoyikiramo zimayikidwa kumapeto kwa flywheel, komwe zida zoyambira zimalumikizidwira. Chida ichi chimafunikira koyambira koyambira kwa mota.

Ngati flywheel imodzi yokha ndi diski, mbali imodzi yomwe chimamangiriridwa ndi crankshaft, ndiye kuti kusintha kwamitundu iwiri ndi njira yonse. Zipangizo zake zikuphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Ma disks awiri - pulayimale ndi sekondale. Kutsinde kwa limagwirira tiyipukuse chikugwirizana wina, zowalamulira chikugwirizana ndi mzake;
• Zida zamagudumu zimakakamizidwa kutengera disc yoyamba;
• Bokosi la gearbox limayikidwa pakati pa ma disc. Kuchokera kumbali ya bokosilo, imakonzedwa pa disc yachiwiri. Ndi flange yomwe imagwira ntchito ndi disc yoyamba. Mfundo yachitetezo imadalira kusintha kwa flywheel - zida, asterisk kapena polygon (mawonekedwe a m'mphepete mwa gawolo ndi osiyana);
• Masika - zomalizira za flange zimayang'ana m'mbali mwake;
• Chida chimayikidwa pakati pa zimbale, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti magawo awiriwo amasinthasintha bwino. Izi zimachotsa kukangana komwe kungachitike pakati pa ma disc ngati atalumikizana.

Umu ndi momwe mawonekedwe akale a flywheel awiri amawonekera. Palinso zosintha zina, pakupanga komwe mbali zina za mitundu yosiyanasiyana zawonjezeredwa, zomwe zimapereka kudalirika kuzinthuzo. Komabe, mfundo yogwirira ntchito imakhalabe yofanana.

Kodi flywheel ndi chiyani?

Injini iliyonse imagwedezeka pantchito. Komanso, sizidalira makonda ndi mtundu wazambiri. Vuto ndiloti gawo lililonse la silinda-piston limayambitsidwa motsatana. Pomwe kuwala kwa BTC kumapangidwa mu silinda, kuthamanga kwa pisitoni kumachitika. Izi zimapangitsa kuti makokedwe osagwirizana aperekedwe ku bokosi lamagetsi.

Pamene RPM imakulirakulira, mphamvu yosagwira ntchito imalipira izi pang'ono, koma kugwedezeka sikumathetsedweratu. Sizingamveke bwino - ali ndi matalikidwe ochepa kwambiri ndipo zimachitika pafupipafupi. Komabe, zotsatirazi zimakhudzabe zomwe zimafalitsa.

Kusintha kwamakono kulikonse kwama gearbox, mwachitsanzo, maloboti kapena makina, chifukwa chakuvuta kwake, kumafuna kuchepa kwamanjenje ochokera pagalimoto. M'mbuyomu, amayesetsa kulimbana ndi izi pogwiritsa ntchito akasupe opatsirana, koma izi sizinawonetse mphamvu zawo.

M'mbuyomu, zowalamulirazo zinali ndi zida zamagetsi zoyeserera. Komabe, ma ICE amakono amakulitsa mphamvu zambiri pamitundu yomweyo kapena yaying'ono. Chifukwa cha ichi, mphamvu ya kugwedezeka koteroko yawonjezeka, ndipo chosokoneza sichitha kuwachotsa.

Kukula kwatsopano kudawathandiza - mawilo awiri apamtunda. Izi zidamasula malo pakufalitsa pochotsa chotsitsa chazoyipa. Izi zidapangitsa kuti chipangizocho chikhale chosavuta. Komanso, gawolo lidayamba kugwira ntchito ngati chosokoneza, kuthana ndi ma jerks omwe amachokera ku injini yoyaka mkati momwe angathere.

Nazi zina mwazinthu zabwino pakukula uku:

• Kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kumachepetsedwa momwe zingathere;
• Bokosilo silikhala ndi nkhawa zochepa chifukwa cha makinawo;
• Inertia mu zowalamulira zatha;
• Imatenga malo ochepera kuposa dengu lokhala ndi chotsitsa;
• Kuthamanga kuli kosavuta kusintha;
• Kulimbitsa chitonthozo chifukwa chosowa phokoso komanso kugwedera.

Momwe ntchito

Injini ikayamba (poyambira, choyambira chimapukusa chimbale choyambirira cha flywheel, chomwe chimagwira mano a mkombero), mawonekedwe amafuta ndi poyatsira amayambitsidwa. Kenako galimoto imagwira ntchito yoyenda yokha. Makina opendekera amasintha mayendedwe omasulira kukhala ozungulira. Makokedwe amadyetsedwa kudzera mu shaft kupita pa flange pomwe chimbale choyambirira cha flywheel chimalumikizidwa. Amalumikizidwa ndi disc yachiwiri pogwiritsa ntchito kasupe (amachita ngati chosokoneza).

Dalaivala akamagwiritsa ntchito zida, kusinthasintha kuchokera pa flywheel kumafalikira ku shaft yolowera. Koma pakangotulutsa chomenyeracho, kufalitsa kwake ndi chisisi kumapangitsa kukana kwa makokedwe.

Galimoto yamphamvuyo imapitilizabe kutembenuza chowombacho, koma ikadzaza. Nthawi yomweyo, mapangidwe ake amakhala apakatikati, ndipo kusinthasintha kwa kasinthasintha kumasokonezeka - njinga yamphamvu kwambiri, ma jerks ndi osiyana kwambiri.

Ndiwo makina osanjikizira omwe ndi gawo la kapangidwe kake kamene kamayendetsa mafundewa momwe angathere. Choyamba, chimbale choyambirira chimakanikiza akasupe, kenako, pakadaphulika kwambiri, chimbale chachiwiri chimayamba, pomwe kukangana kwa clutch disc kulumikizidwa kale.

Momwe mungasankhire flywheel ndi kampani iti yogula?

Musanapitirize kusankha ndege yatsopano, m'pofunika kudziwa kuti ndi kusinthidwa kotani komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mgalimoto inayake. Mtengo wa analog ya misa imodzi udzakhala wotsika mwachilengedwe kuposa wapawiri-misa.

Opanga magalimoto kwakukulu akutenga nawo mbali pamsonkhano wazinthu zopangidwa kale zomwe zimagulidwa kumakampani osiyanasiyana. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pamawhewulo - amatha kukhala opanga osiyanasiyana, ndipo, chifukwa chake, amtundu wina, womwe umakhudzanso mtengo wamagawo ena.

Otsogolera opanga ma flywheels apawiri misa

Ma flywheels oyendera anzawo ndi anzawo awiri-misa amapangidwa padziko lonse lapansi. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti DMM ndiyosiyana ndi magalimoto aku Europe ndi mitundu yaku Korea ndi Japan.

Makampani otsatirawa akugwira ntchito yopanga zida zopumira zamagalimoto aku Europe:

• PATSANI;
• MABWENZI.

Ndipo pamagalimoto aku Japan ndi aku Korea, ma flywheels amapangidwa ndi:

• NTCHITO;
• Mtengo wa PHC.

Komanso, posankha gawo lopumira, ndi bwino kudziwa kuti opanga ena amagulitsa zinthu zawo mwanjira - flywheel yokhala ndi basket yolumikizira. Kuti mudziwe kusinthidwa kwa gawo, muyenera kufunafuna thandizo kuchokera kwa akatswiri. Njira ina ndikusankha mtundu wamtundu wamagalimoto posankha m'ndandanda.

Momwe mungayang'anire damper flywheel

Pali malingaliro olakwika wamba akuti ma damper flywheels ndi magawo azovuta. Tikhoza kunena za kusinthidwa koyamba. Lero, opanga akukonzanso kapangidwe ka chinthuchi, chifukwa chake, zinthu zabwino kwambiri zimaperekedwa kwa ogula.

Chizindikiro choyamba chomwe chimapangitsa oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri kuti ayang'ane DMM ndi kuwonjezeka kwa kugwedera panthawi yogwira injini. M'malo mwake, nthawi zambiri zotsatira zofananazi zimalumikizidwa makamaka ndi dongosolo lamafuta, nthawi, komanso zolephera zamagetsi zamagalimoto.

Musanachotse ntchentcheyi, m'pofunika kuchotsa mavuto omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zofanana ndi kuwonongeka kwa ndegeyo. Kuti muchite izi, pezani galimotoyo.

DMM ndi gawo losagawanika, chifukwa chake kuwonongeka sikumangotsimikiziridwa nthawi zonse ndikuwunika. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti flywheel si vuto, tsatirani njira ili m'munsiyi.

Injini imayamba, ndipo liwiro limakwera bwino mpaka mtengo wake. Muyenera kuzigwira kwakanthawi kenako ndikuzichepetsa pang'onopang'ono. Ngati palibe phokoso kapena kugwedezeka komwe kumamveka panthawi yoyezetsa matendawa, ndiye kuti kusokonekera, komwe kudakhala kukayikira za DMM, kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa mgawo lina lagalimoto.

Chipangizo cha damper flywheel chimaphatikizapo akasupe okhala ndi milingo yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imachepetsa kugwedezeka kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto. Kuwonekera kwa kugwedera pamathamanga ena kumatha kuwonetsa kuti ndi chinthu chiti chomwe chalephera - cholimba kapena chofewa.

Zovuta ndi kuwonongeka

Ma DMM amakono ali ndi gwero la makilomita pafupifupi 200. Zizindikiro zomwe dalaivala ayenera kumvera pa flywheel ndi izi:

• Kupezeka kwa kugwedezeka kuchokera ku injini pa liwiro la injini yoyaka mkati (musanasinthe gawoli, ndikofunikira kuchotsa katatu la mota, lomwe lili ndi chiwonetsero chofananira), ndikuwonekera kwa izi pamathamangidwe osiyanasiyana kumatha kuwonetsa zovuta zina mu gawo la gawolo;
• Pakusintha katundu (dalaivala amayamba kapena kuzimitsa injini, komanso panthawi yofulumira), kudina kumamveka bwino;
• Squeaks amamveka poyambitsa injini. Zotsatira zomwezo zitha kuwonekera mota ikayima. Zomverera ngati zoyambira sizisiya kugwira ntchito.

Zizindikirozi zikuwonetsa kuti pali vuto ndi flywheel kapena kuti ikufunika kusinthidwa.

Zifukwa zakulephera kwa flywheel wapawiri ndi awa:

• Kutaya mafuta;
• Malo opangira ma disc amakanda kapena kupunduka;
• Kuphulika kwa kasupe kapena angapo nthawi imodzi;
• Kuphulika mkati mwa makinawo.

Zolakwitsa zina, monga kutulutsa mafuta kapena kulanda kunja kwa disc yachiwiri, zitha kuzindikiridwa ndikuwunika pakuwona pamene cholumikizacho chachotsedwa. Zowonongeka zonse zimapezeka pokhapokha ataphwanya ndikuzindikira gawolo pamalo ena apadera.

Kukonzekera kwa flywheel yamagulu awiri

Zikatero, akatswiri ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti m'malo m'malo mokonzanso gawolo, popeza pali ambuye enieni ochepa omwe angathe kubwezeretsa DMM moyenera. Komabe, nthawi zambiri mwiniwake wamagalimoto amaganiza zogula zatsopano, koma zosintha bajeti (pakadali pano, ziyenera kusinthidwa pafupipafupi), kapena za kupeza katswiri wodziwa ntchito imeneyi.

Kubwezeretsa kumaphatikizapo:

• Disassembly ya flywheel ndi;
• Kuchotsa zinthu zosweka;
• Kuchotsa zomangirazo - zomangira zolimbitsa nthawi ya DMM zimatha mphamvu, chifukwa chake, pakukonzanso, ndikofunikira kuzisintha ndi zina zatsopano;
• Kuthetsa ntchito pakatikati pamadiski (nthawi zonse zimawoneka, popeza akasupe nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi mawonekedwe azida);
• Pambuyo pokonza, kapangidwe kake kamayenera kukhala koyenera kuti gawolo lisapangitse kugwedera;
• Kutsekemera ndi mafuta atsopano.

Pali zowonongeka zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kubwezeretsa gawolo. Zitsanzo za izi ndi ming'alu ndi zovuta m'manyumba a flywheel. Poterepa, ndizotheka kusintha chinthu chatsopano ndi chatsopano.

Musanaganize zobwezeretsa DMM, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mbuye waluso pantchitoyi, ndikuigwira bwino (chizindikiro choyamba ndi kukhalapo kwa malo oyimilira - popanda izi, ndizosatheka kumaliza ntchitoyo). Chowonadi ndi chakuti katswiri amatenga ndalama zambiri kuti izi zitheke (nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofanana kukhazikitsa gawo latsopano la bajeti), ndipo zigawozo sizitsika mtengo.

Funso lomaliza ndiloti ndege yopangidwanso idzatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji? Zimatengera mtundu wa ntchito yomwe yachitidwa, komanso mtundu wa zida zomwe zagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthawi zina chuma chake chimakhala chofanana ndi chiwonetsero chatsopano - pafupifupi 150 zikwi.

Nawa maupangiri okuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi DMM yanu pamoyo wawo wonse, ndipo nthawi zina motalikirapo:

• Musaphwanye njira m'malo chimbale zowalamulira;
• Mukasuntha magiya, musataye pansi, koma mutulutse bwino (kuti mumve zambiri za momwe mungasungire malowo, onani m'nkhani yapadera);
• Ndondomeko yoyendetsa bwino - pewani gudumu;
• Pewani maulendo apamtunda pafupipafupi (mukamayambira / kuyimitsa, mota umakhala ndi katundu wambiri pachipangizochi);
• Onetsetsani sitata kuti ikhale yabwino - bendix sayenera kusewera.

Pomaliza - mtundu wamavidiyo wazinthu izi:

Kodi flywheel ndi chiyani? Mawuluka awiri apamtunda!

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi dual mass flywheel ndi chiyani? Kusintha kwa flywheel uku kumadalira ma mota amphamvu okhala ndi torque yayikulu. Imatha kutsitsa ma vibrate ndi ma torsional vibrations omwe amachokera ku injini kupita ku gearbox.

Kodi Dual Mass Flywheel ndi chiyani? Ichi ndi chimbale chomwe chimamangiriridwa ku crankshaft. Dengu la clutch driven disc limapanikizidwa mwamphamvu kutsutsana nalo. Kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndi akasupe angapo omwe amachepetsa kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kwa crankshaft.

Kodi kupha ndege yamitundu iwiri ndi chiyani? Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono ndikuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati, kuyendetsa mwaukali, kuthamanga kwagalimoto, kuthamanga kwa injini, kuyendetsa pa liwiro lotsika (kenako ndikutsegula zida zotsika pamapiri).

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa single-mass flywheel ndi dual-mass flywheel? Flywheel yamtundu umodzi ndi chimbale chimodzi chokha chopanda damping (malipiro) akasupe (amayikidwa mu clutch disc), omwe ali ndi ma flywheel awiri.