Renault 2,0 dCi injini - M9R - Mpando wamagalimoto

Ma turbines omwe amalephera pafupipafupi, zovuta zamakina a jakisoni, kulephera kwanthawi ya ma valve, ma valve otenthetsera mpweya ... automaker, adaganiza zopanga zomwe zinali injini yatsopano, yodalirika komanso yolimba. Ma workshops Renault, mogwirizana ndi Nissan, adagwirizana, ndipo gawo latsopanoli, lomwe likulonjeza kukhazikika, silinachedwe kubwera. Kodi anapambanadi? Mpaka pano, zokumana nazo zasonyeza kuti zilidi choncho.

Inali 2006 ndipo injini ya 2,0 dCi (M9R) inalowa mumsika. Renault Megane ndi Laguna a m'badwo wachiwiri ndi omwe chipinda chatsopanocho chimakhazikika. Choyamba panali mtundu wa 110 kW woti musankhepo, pambuyo pake 96 kW, 127 kW idawonjezedwa ndipo mtundu waposachedwa udayima 131 kW. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya 4 kW imagwirizana ndi muyeso wa Euro 4, pomwe njira zina zamphamvu kwambiri sizinakwaniritse muyeso wa Euro XNUMX popanda kukhazikitsa fyuluta yamagulu. Komabe, "pendenti" yachilengedweyi sichingalepheretse okonda kuyendetsa mwachangu komanso mwachangu kuti agule, monga zikuwonetsedwa ndi kugulitsa kwa Megane RS.

magalimoto

Chitsulo cholimba chachitsulo chokhala ndi 84 mm chobereka ndi 90 mm stroke chimatsimikizira kudalirika ndi kukhazikika kwa injini mchipinda choyaka. Chitsulo chachitsulo chimagawika chimodzimodzi m'mbali mwa crankshaft, yomwe imakwera pamalo otsetsereka m'malo asanu. Pali dzenje laling'ono kumtunda kwa chonyamulira chachikulu, chomwe chimathandizira kuthamangitsa mpweya womwe ukugwira ntchito pa injiniyo pogwira ntchito. Zachidziwikire, zipinda zazikulu zoyaka moto ziyeneranso kukhala zoziziritsa bwino popeza ndizomwe zimapanikizika kwambiri ndi injini. Chipinda choyaka moto chimakhazikika kudzera pa njira yamafuta yomwe imayenderera kuzungulira pisitoni yonse, momwe mpope umalowetsa mafuta pamphuno.

Palibe chinthu chapadera chomwe chinagwiritsidwa ntchito posambira mafuta. Panalibe chifukwa cholumikizira chilichonse, chifukwa sichimangozungulira kapena nangula. Poto wamafuta wakale, wopangidwa ndi chitsulo chosindikizidwa, amapanga pansi pa injini yonse ndipo mwina safunikanso kuyankhapo. Zimatsimikiziridwa, zogwira ntchito, komanso zotsika mtengo kupanga. Pokhapokha pokhapokha ngati pakulowetsedwa kwa aluminium alloy kofunikira. Choyamba, ndithudi, imagwira ntchito yolimbitsa thupi lokha, komanso imagwiritsa ntchito injini kuti isamveke bwino. Komabe, chimango chomwecho chimagwiranso ntchito ngati ma shafts awiri oyenda mozungulira oyendetsedwa ndi magiya kuchokera mwachindunji. Mizindayi yapangidwa kuti ithetse kugwedera kulikonse kosafunikira kuchokera ku injini.

Ma injini a 1,9 dCi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi vuto lopaka mafuta bwino chifukwa fyuluta yamafuta inali yaying'ono kwambiri pa injini yayikulu chotere. Wodzigudubuza yaying'ono, yokwanira njinga yamoto, sikokwanira kudzoza injini yotereyi, ngakhale ndi nthawi yayitali yautumiki (wopanga akuti 30 km). Ndi zosalingalirika. "Fyuluta" ndi yaying'ono, yotsekedwa mwachangu ndi malasha ndipo imataya mphamvu yake yosefera, kotero kuti permeability yake imachepanso, zomwe pamapeto pake zimakhudza moyo wautumiki - kuvala ndi kung'ambika kwa zosefera zambiri zotayidwa.

Ndipo Renault adabwera ndi luso lomwe opanga ena akhala akugwiritsa ntchito kwanthawi yayitali. Fyuluta yaying'ono yosagwira ntchito yasinthidwa ndi fyuluta yatsopano yatsopano. Fyuluta yakale yachitsulo yachikale yasinthidwa. Chofukizira cha aloyi chowala tsopano chikuyenda kuchokera pamiyala yamphamvu, momwe amapangiramo pepala lokhalo, lomwe limasinthidwa nthawi zonse ndi yatsopano posintha mafuta. Machitidwe omwewo monga ife, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera ku injini za VW. Iyi ndi njira yotsuka komanso yotsika mtengo kwa onse opanga magalimoto ndipo, pamapeto pake, magaraja ndi ogula. Mafuta ozizira, omwe amatchedwa mafuta-madzi osinthitsa kutentha, amaphatikizidwanso pachosungira mafuta.

Kusudzulana

Lamba wamakedzedwe wamakedzedwe adalowanso m'malo ndi lamba unyolo wa nthawi ngati injini ya M9R. Njirayi siyokhazikika komanso yolimba, komanso imafunikira pafupifupi kusamalira kotero kudalirika kwambiri. Chingwe chodzigudubuza cha mzere umodzi chimapanikizika ndi ma hydraulic pogwiritsa ntchito timitengo tiwiri tothamanga, monga tikudziwira kale, mwachitsanzo, kufalitsa 1,2 HTP. Wovutitsayo amayendetsedwa ndi camshaft yomwe ili mbali yotulutsa, popeza injini iyi ilibe camshaft yapadera yotulutsa ndi kupatulira mavavu olowerera, koma mitundu iwiri yamagetsi imayendetsedwa mosinthana ndi shaft iliyonse. Popeza injini ili ndi ma valavu 16, valavu iliyonse imayang'anira zolowetsa zinayi komanso mavavu anayi otembenuza. Ma valve amasinthidwa ndimagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito zida zokhazokha zokhazokha kuti zitsimikizike kuti sizigwira ntchito nthawi yayitali, malinga ndi kukonza kosalekeza. Apanso, lamuloli likugwira ntchito: utali wapamwamba wamafutawo, utali wautumiki wake. Ma camshafts amayendetsedwa ndi kufalikira kwa mikangano, i.e. zida zokhala ndi malire obwerera m'mbuyo. Tikudziwa kale zonse kuchokera kuzotengera zam'mbuyomu zamagalimoto opikisana, koma chinthu chimodzi ndi chosiyana pang'ono. Zotayidwa aloyi pa yamphamvu mutu akadali kanthu wapadera. Masiku ano, pafupifupi aliyense amaigwiritsa ntchito, koma pakagundika dizilo kuchokera pampu yothamanga, dizilo imagwidwa mu thanki kenako ndikutsanulidwa mu chitoliro chachakudya. Chotsalira cha mutu wa silinda chili ndi magawo awiri. Gawo lake lakumtunda limapangidwa ndi chivundikiro cha valavu, chomwe ntchito yake ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malo opangira ma valve amakhala olimba ndipo, nthawi yomweyo, malo omwe amawatchulira kuti ndi omveka, motero amasewera. Otchedwa olekanitsa mafuta amapezeka kumtunda kwa chivundikiro cha valavu. Mafuta otayika amasonkhanitsidwa mu olekanitsawa, kuchokera komwe amapita kwa olekanitsa (pre-separators), komwe amalowa olekanitsa, omwe amakhala ndi valavu yolamulira yomwe imathandizira kupatukana kwamafuta. ndondomeko. Mafuta akalekanitsidwa akafika, mafutawo amangobwezerezedwanso kudera lalikulu kudzera m'mapaipi awiri. Machubu amamizidwa m'mapope oyamwa. Danga lonseli ladzaza ndi mafuta kuti tipewe kudzikundikira kwa gasi wosafunikira kuchokera pamiyala yamphamvu.

Turbocharger

Monga injini iliyonse yamakono ya dizilo, 2,0 dCi (M9R) imakhala ndi turbocharged. Renault yasinthanso pano, komanso zambiri. Turbocharger yatsopanoyo tsopano yakhazikika m'madzi (mpaka pano tangowona makinawa ndi injini za petroli) molunjika kuchokera kumadzi ozungulira malo oziziritsira injini, kuonetsetsa kutentha kokhazikika paulendo wonsewo. Pambuyo paulendo wautali pamsewu waukulu, sikofunikiranso kusiya galimoto idling kwakanthawi (pafupifupi mphindi 1-2) ndikudikirira kuti turbocharger yotentha izizire pang'ono. Izi zimachotsa chiwopsezo chokhala ndi kuwonongeka komwe kumatha kuchulukira pa mwaye pomwe turbocharger yatentha komanso yosakhazikika. Wopanga makinawo walowa m'malo mwa injini za dizilo za 1,9 dCi zam'mbuyomu ndi turbo yamphamvu kwambiri. "Zopepuka" za turbocharger yatsopano ndi mavane osinthika omwe amawongoleredwa ndi gawo lowongolera, omwe amatha kuwongolera kupanikizika kodzaza bwino komanso pafupifupi liwiro lililonse.

Kupweteka

Dongosolo lofala la njanji, momwe Renault imagwiritsira ntchito m'badwo waposachedwa EDC 16 CP33 waku Bosch, yasinthidwa. Pampu yatsopano yamapampu yatsopano yamafuta a CP3 yapezeka mu thanki yamafuta. Makinawa akhalabe ofanana, pampu yatsopano yokha ndi yomwe imayamwa pa suction, osati jekeseni wothamanga kwambiri, monga momwe zidalili m'dongosolo lakale. Mafuta oyendetsera mafuta akuwonetsa kuti jakisoni ayenera kutsegulidwa mpaka pati komanso kuti mafuta ayenera kuperekedwera ndalama zingati kuchokera pampampu. Kuphatikiza apo, jakisoni amaperekedwa poyang'anira kukakamiza munjanji. Mukangoyamba kumene, sipangakhale gawo lokwanira lodzaza mu ulalowu, koma pang'ono chabe, kuti injini izikhala ndi nthawi yokumbukira akangoyamba ndikuwotha pang'ono pang'ono. Kuwongolera njanji kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati cholembera champhamvu chimatulutsidwa mwadzidzidzi poyendetsa, chifukwa chake palibe kupsinjika kopitirira. Kungoti ukamasula pedal, galimoto siyimangonjenjemera. Kubwezeretsa kwa mpweya wotulutsa utsi kumatsimikiziridwa ndi valavu yotsitsimula ya gasi, yomwe imayang'aniridwa ndi mota wamagetsi osati pneumatic (zingalowe). Chifukwa chake, valavu ya EGR imatha kusintha malo ake, ngakhale zitakhala kuti sizikufuna. Kusunthaku kumatsimikizira kuti valavu siyodzaza ndi utsi wothira mafuta ndi mafuta amafuta.

Majekeseni a solenoid asinthidwa ndikusinthidwa ndi ma jekeseni atsopano a piezoelectric, omwe ndi odalirika kwambiri kuposa ma injini a solenoid, omwe amatha kufikira kukakamizidwa kwakukulu, komwe kudayimilira mpaka 1600 bar, pambuyo pake mafutawo amakhala ochepa kwambiri. opopera mu chipinda choyaka moto. Mu pisitoni kamodzi, jakisoni amafulumizitsa mafuta kasanu. Wopanga adati izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa choyesera kuchepetsa phokoso lakunja la dizilo yonse.

Renault nthawi zonse amayesetsa kupanga mitundu yotchedwa eco-friendly. Chifukwa chake, pakupanga ndikukula kwamagalimoto atsopano, nthawi zonse amaganiza za chilengedwe ndi chisungiko cha zinthu zosapitsidwanso. Sefa yodziyimira yokha ya dizilo yokhala ndi kusinthika kwanthawi zonse pamakilomita 500-1000, kutengera kufinya kwa fyuluta, imasamaliranso kuchepetsa mpweya. Ngati gawo loyang'anira injini lazindikira kuti kuthamanga kwakumtunda ndi kutsika kwa fyuluta ya tinthu sikofanana, kuyaka kumayambira nthawi yomweyo, komwe kumatha pafupifupi mphindi 15, kutengera kuchuluka kwa zosefera. Pochita izi, mafuta amalowetsedwa mu fyuluta ndi jakisoni wopangira ma piezoelectric, ndikukweza kutentha pafupifupi 600 ° C. Ngati mumayendetsa pafupipafupi mtawuniyi, tikukulimbikitsani kuti muziyendetsa galimoto yanu pamseu wapamwamba kwambiri nthawi ndi nthawi osachepera mphindi 20. Injiniyo imangopindula pambuyo poyenda mozungulira mzindawo.

Zochitika Zothandiza: Nthawi yawonetsa kuti ngakhale injini iyi imakhala ndi chitsulo cholimba chachitsulo komanso tcheni chomwe tatchulachi chosakonza komanso turbocharger yopanda madzi, sinali yodalirika. Nthawi zina zimakhala zodabwitsa ndi chisindikizo chong'ambika pansi pa mutu wa silinda, pakhalanso kulephera kwa mpope wamafuta ndipo pakhala pali milandu yodziwika kuti crankshaft khunyu momwe zolumikizira ndodo zimacheperako (zosinthidwa mu 2010) koma nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi chiyembekezo. mafuta osintha nthawi. - 30 km, omwe akulimbikitsidwa kuchepetsedwa mpaka max. 15 km pa. 

Kufala kwa matenda

Ma injini a 2,0 dCi (M9R) amaphatikizidwa ndi bokosi lamagetsi lowala pang'ono kuti apereke kwa 360 Nm ya torque. Zida zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi migodi itatu zikusonyeza kuti makinawo adachokera ku mtundu wakale, wotchedwa PK6.

Cholemetsa kwambiri pamtundu wamagalimoto chimagwiritsa ntchito kufalitsa kwakaleku, kumakhala kolakwika kwambiri. Kukonzanso kwa shaft komwe kumakonzedwa, nthawi zambiri nkhani yamagalimoto yotchulidwa pamasamu, ikhoza kukhala chinthu chakale ndipo titha kukhulupirira motsimikiza kuti kufalitsa kwatsopano kwa Renault Workshop Retrofit (PK4) kwathetseratu zomwe tafotokozazi.