Misa Air Flow SENSOR (DFID)

Momwe mungayezere kutuluka kwa injini. Zizindikiro zazikulu zakuswa kwa mpweya wa DFID komanso momwe mungaziyang'anire

M'magalimoto apanyumba, chifukwa choyendera pafupipafupi malo ochitirako ntchito ndi sensor yoyenda mpweya wambiri. Chipangizochi nthawi zambiri chimakhala pafupi ndi fyuluta ya mpweya ndipo chimayang'anira kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umalowa mumagetsi. Poyesa kuchuluka kwa mpweya, sensa imazindikira ngati pali mavuto ndi injini, komanso imayang'anitsitsa ubwino wa chipinda choyaka moto komanso njira yowonjezeretsa mafuta osakaniza. Zinthu zofunika izi sizimangokhudza mphamvu ya injini, komanso chitetezo cha ntchito. Nthawi zambiri DFID imakhala vuto lalikulu m'galimoto yomwe imawononga luso loyendetsa.

Madalaivala ambiri ochokera kubanja la VAZ 2110 anali ndi mavuto ndi chipangizochi. Masiku ano eni magalimoto amenewa amadziwa momwe angayang'anire DFID ndikuigwiritsa ntchito moyenera kapena kuyikapo ina yatsopano. Ngati muli ndi galimoto yamakono, sikulimbikitsidwa kuti muyang'ane nokha m'malo mwa sensa. Ndi bwino kugwira ntchitoyi pamalo enaake apadera kuti mupeze chitsimikizo pamalingaliro anu abwino.

Zizindikiro zoyamba za DFID ndi ziti?

Chojambulira cha MAF sichimangoyesa komanso chimayang'anira kuthamanga kwa mpweya ku injini. Kugwira ntchito kwa magawo onse aukadaulo kumayang'aniridwa ndi makompyuta, omwe nthawi zambiri amalamulidwa. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ntchito ya DFID ndiyofunika kwambiri. Izi zimakhudza mtundu wamagetsi ndi mitundu yofananira yogwiritsira ntchito. Udindo wofunikira mgalimoto umapangitsa kuti sensa asokwere kukhala vuto lenileni.

Makhalidwe apamwamba a vuto la sensa amatha kufotokozedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wazizindikiro zingapo zosagwira. Koma m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti nthawi zina sikutheka kudziwa chiyambi cha zizindikiro za kulephera. Nthawi zina kumakhala kosavuta kulipira ma diagnostics apamwamba kuposa kungoyang'ana nokha zomwe zimayambitsa kusakhazikika kwanu. Zizindikiro zakulephera kwa DFID ndi izi:

• Chizindikiro cha Injini Yoyang'ana pachida chachida chikuyatsidwa, ndipo ma injini amafunikira;
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka, pomwe kuchuluka kumatha kukhala kwakukulu komanso kosasangalatsa;
• mukaima pafupi ndi sitolo kwa mphindi zochepa, kuyambitsa galimoto kumakhala vuto lenileni;
• Mphamvu zamagalimoto zimachepa, kuthamanga kumachepetsa, ndipo njira yopopera pedal pansi siigwira ntchito konse;
• Mphamvu sizimveka makamaka pa injini yotentha, pakuzizira sizimasintha;
• Mavuto onse ndi zovuta zina zimachitika mgalimoto pokhapokha injini ikatentha.

Vuto lenileni ndiloti pali mpweya wochuluka kapena wocheperako, chifukwa chake mphamvu yamagetsi silingakwanitse kuthana ndi mafuta munthawi zonse. Izi zimabweretsa kuti zikhalidwe zogwirira ntchito za injini zopangidwa ndi wopanga sizingatheke. Injini zimakhala zovuta pazochitika zoterezi. Tiyeneranso kuganizira kuwonjezeka mafuta ndi kuchuluka avale wa wagawo mphamvu.

Kuonjezera apo, ngati mpweya woyaka mu injini umaperekedwa molakwika, kuyaka kosakwanira kwa mafuta kungachitike. Vutoli ndi vuto lalikulu lomwe lingayambitse mavuto aakulu. Mukathira mafuta osawotchedwa mu crankcase, pomwe amasakanikirana ndi mafuta, mtundu wamafutawo umachepa kangapo. Izi zimabweretsa kukangana kochulukira mu injini komanso kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa magawo.

Onaninso sensa ya DFID nokha - njira zisanu zothetsera vutoli

Ngati mukukayikira kuti sensa yotulutsa mpweya ndi yomwe imayambitsa mavuto anu onse, ndi bwino kuti mufufuze malingaliro anu ndikupeza yankho lomveka kufunso. Kuti muchite izi, ingoyesani kugwiritsa ntchito njira imodzi pansipa. Koma musanalankhule za njira zowunikira, nazi zifukwa zingapo zotsutsana ndi kudziyesa nokha ndikusamalira galimoto yanu.

Ogwira ntchito pamisonkhano azigwira ntchito mwachangu kwambiri komanso popanda zovuta, chifukwa amayenera kuthana ndi DFID pafupifupi tsiku lililonse. Poyesayesa kwanu, mumayesa makinawo mwangozi. Komabe, njira yothetsera mavutoyi ndi yotsika mtengo kwambiri ndipo sikutanthauza ulendo wopita kumalo operekera chithandizo. Njira zazikulu zowunikira mavuto ndi sensa ya DFID:

• Chotsani kachipangizo pamakina opangira mpweya, pamenepa, kompyuta imalangiza kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa mpweya kutengera momwe valavu ilili mu injini. Ngati, ikazimitsa sensa, galimotoyo imayamba kuyendetsa bwino, koma kumawonjezera liwiro, ndiye kuti pali vuto la DFID.
• Kubwezeretsanso firmware panthawi yodziwitsa matenda. Njirayi imakuthandizani kuti muwonetsetse kuti zovuta zama injini sizikugwirizana ndi mtundu wina wa ECU firmware yomwe ingakhale yoyambitsa mavuto anu onse.
• Chongani DFID ndi chida choyezera chotchedwa Multimer. Masensa ena okha a Bosch ndi omwe angawunike motere. Zambiri pazakuyesaku zitha kupezeka m'malangizo agalimoto kapena molunjika ku sensa yoyikidwa.
• Kuyendera ndi kuwunika kwa mawonekedwe a sensa. Njira yoyendera yachikhalidwe nthawi zambiri imatha kuzindikira vuto. Ngati mkatikati mwa DFID muli fumbi, mutha kuyisintha bwino ndikuyang'anitsitsa momwe mphete zonse za O zilili.
• DFID m'malo mwa sensa Njirayi ndi yoyenera kwa inu ngati simukufuna kuchita zowunika ndikungofuna kukhazikitsa sensa yatsopano. Ndikokwanira kungochotsa chinthucho ndikuwonetsetsa kuti vutolo lidabisika munjira imeneyi.

Izi ndi njira zophweka zodziwira masensa othamanga omwe angakuthandizeni kudziwa mfundo zofunika kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito chipangizochi. Zachidziwikire, m'malo okhala garaja, ndikosavuta kuchita njira yoyamba ndi yomaliza yodziwitsa ndikukonza. Izi ndi njira zolondola kwambiri komanso zopanda mavuto zodziwitsa thanzi la masensa ndikuwongolera njira zofunikira zamagalimoto mgalimoto popanda ndalama zambiri.

Komabe, ndibwino kuti muzindikire kulephera kwa sensa pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera. Anthu omwe ali ndi luso la zaluso amadziwa zisonyezo zomwe zikuchitika posachedwa. Nthawi zambiri samafunikanso kuyamba kuyambitsa matenda kuti athetse vutoli. Ngakhale kulongosola njira zodziyimira pawokha pamavuto onse omwe tingakhale nawo, sitipangira kulowererapo kodziyimira pawokha pakachitidwe ka sensor.

Zotsatira:

Njira yabwino yothetsera vuto lililonse ndi galimoto ndiulendo wopita kukagwira ntchito zamaluso, kuyezetsa magazi ndi kusinthitsa zida zina ndi zoyambirira kapena zomwe akuwongolera opanga. Koma sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse. Nthawi zina zimakhala zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo kugwiritsa ntchito makina anu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta komanso zodziwika bwino zomwe sizifunikira zida zapadera.

Ngati mukufuna kuyesa njirazi, mutha kudziyesa nokha. Chokhacho chomwe chimapangitsa kuti izi zitheke ndikuti kuyika kwama sensa kosatetezeka kumatha kuwononga miyezi ingapo ikubwerayi. Chifukwa chake, musanakhazikitsidwe, werengani mutu woyenera m'malangizo a galimotoyo, komanso mverani malo oyenera a zingwe zonse zosindikizira labala pachipangizocho. Kodi mudayenera kusintha sensa yanu ya DFID nokha?

Kodi sensa ya MAF ndi chiyani ndipo imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Kuchokera m'nkhaniyi muphunzira chomwe chiri chizindikiro chachikulu cha kusagwira ntchito kwa misala yotuluka mpweya. Koma musanayambe kufufuza zowona, muyenera kulankhula pang'ono za mtundu wa chipangizo chomwe chiri, mfundo yake yogwiritsira ntchito ndi chiyani, koma chofunika kwambiri, samalani ndi kukonza ndi kukonza.

Masensa otulutsa mpweya amafunika kuti ntchito yolamulira yamagetsi igwire bwino ntchito. Machitidwe oterewa amangogwiritsidwa ntchito pa injini za jakisoni. Mwanjira ina, awa ndi magalimoto ambiri apanyumba opangidwa pambuyo pa 2000.

Zambiri pazokhudza sensa yopumira

Chidule monga DFID. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza mpweya wonse womwe umalowa m'malo ophatikizira. Imatumiza chizindikiritso chake mwachindunji kumalo oyang'anira zamagetsi. Chojambulira ichi cha MAF chimayikidwa pafupi ndi fyuluta yamlengalenga. Makamaka, pakati pake ndi mpweya. Chipangizochi ndi "chosakhwima" mwakuti mothandizidwa ndikofunikira kupimitsa mpweya woyeretsedwa bwino.

Ndipo tsopano pang'ono za momwe sensor iyi imagwirira ntchito. Injini yoyaka mkati imagwira ntchito m'njira yoti panthawi imodzi yogwira ntchito imakhala yofunikira kupereka mafuta ndi mpweya ku silinda iliyonse mu chiŵerengero chokhwima cha 1 mpaka 14. Ngati chiŵerengerochi chikusintha, kutaya kwakukulu kwa mphamvu ya injini kudzachitika. Pokhapokha ngati mutatsatira gawo ili injiniyo idzagwira ntchito mumayendedwe abwino.

Misa Air Flow Sensor Kukhudza Ntchito

Ndipo ndi chithandizo cha DFID kuti mpweya wonse womwe umalowa mu injini umayeza. Choyamba chimawerengetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya, pambuyo pake uthengawu umatumizidwa ndi digito ku gawo lamagetsi. Otsatirawa, kutengera izi, amawerengera kuchuluka kwa mafuta omwe amayenera kuperekedwa kuti asakanikirane bwino. Ndipo amazichita moyenera. Pachifukwa ichi, kachipangizo kamene kamatulutsa mpweya nthawi yomweyo amachitanso kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka injini. Chizindikiro cha makina osagwira bwino a MAF ndi yankho lalitali pomwe cholembera (mafuta) chikukanikizidwa.

Mwachitsanzo, mumayamba kukanikiza pamagetsi mwamphamvu. Pakadali pano, mpweya mumayendedwe amafuta amakula. DFID ikuwona kusintha uku ndipo imatumiza lamulo ku ECU. Otsatirawa, pofufuza momwe alowetsamo, powayerekezera ndi mapu amafuta, amasankha kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Mlandu wina ndikuti mukamasuntha mofanana, i.e. popanda mathamangitsidwe ndi braking. Ndiye mpweya wochepa kwambiri umanyekedwa. Chifukwa chake, mafuta amaperekedwanso pang'ono.

Njira panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito injini

Ndipo tsopano pang'ono pokha za momwe zonsezi zimachitikira mu injini yoyaka yamkati. Apa, sayansi yoyambira imathandizira ntchitoyi m'njira zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mukasindikiza cholembera cha accelerator, tsinde la valavu limatseguka mwadzidzidzi. Momwe imatsegulira kwambiri, mpweya umayamba kulowa mkati mwa jekeseni wamafuta.

Chifukwa chake, mukasindikiza chowongolera chowongolera, katunduyo amawonjezeka, ndipo akamasulidwa, amachepa. Titha kunena kuti DFID ikutsatira zosinthazi. Dziwani kuti chizindikiro chachikulu cha kusagwira ntchito kwa misa mpweya otaya sensa ndi kuchepa kwamphamvu katundu wa galimoto.

Zojambulajambula

Ndi imodzi mwama sensa okwera mtengo kwambiri pamakina oyendetsa injini yamkati. Chifukwa cha ichi ndikuti ili ndi chitsulo chamtengo wapatali, chomwe ndi platinamu. Pansi pa sensa ndi chubu cha pulasitiki cha m'mimba mwake. Ili pakati pa fyuluta ndi kutsamwa. Pali waya woonda wa platinamu mkati mwa bokosilo. Mzere wake ndi pafupifupi 70 micrometer.

Zachidziwikire, ndizovuta kwambiri kuyeza mpweya wodutsa. Makina oyendetsa injini yoyaka, kuyeza kwa mpweya kumadalira muyeso wa kutentha. Matupi a Platinamu amatha kutentha kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa kutentha kwake kutsika poyerekeza ndi kuchuluka kwakomwe kumatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa mpweya wodutsa mthupi la sensa. Yang'anani pa MAF sensa zosagwira bwino kuti muwone ngati zili bwino.

Kusamalira MAF Sensor Device

Pamene injini ikuyenda ndi makina oyendetsa magetsi, sensa imakhala yakuda. Kuti muyeretsedwe, ma algorithm apadera amaikidwa mu pulogalamu yoyang'anira. Zimakupatsani inu kutentha waya wa platinamu mphindi imodzi yokha mpaka kutentha pafupifupi madigiri chikwi. Ngati pali dothi pamwamba pa wayawu, amawotcha nthawi yomweyo osapeza kanthu. Izi zimatsuka sensa ya MAF. Zizindikiro za kulephera kwa kapangidwe kamodzi kapena kena zizikhala chimodzimodzi.

Njirayi imachitika nthawi zonse injini ikayimitsidwa. DFID ndiyosavuta pakupanga komanso yodalirika kwambiri pakugwira ntchito. Komabe, sikoyenera kukonzanso chida chomwecho. Ngati pakuchitika kumachitika, ndiye kuti ndibwino kutembenukira kwa akatswiri odziwa zamankhwala ndi makina.

Zoyipa za MAF Sensor Assembly

Chonde dziwani kuti ngati sensa ikulephera, ndiyothandiza kwambiri kuyisintha ndi yatsopano. Sichingathe kukonzedwa, chomwe chiri chotsalira chake chachikulu, chifukwa mtengo wa watsopano nthawi zina umaposa $500. Koma pali drawback ina yaing'ono - mfundo ya ntchito. Kuipa uku kuli ndi sensa iliyonse ya mpweya. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza zizindikiro za kusagwira ntchito bwino (dizilo kapena mafuta).

Imayeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe walowa mu valavu yampweya. Koma kuti injini igwire ntchito, ndikofunikira kuti musadziwe voliyumu, koma misa. Zachidziwikire, muyeneranso kudziwa kuchuluka kwa mlengalenga kuti mutembenuke. Kuti muchite izi, chida choyezera chimayikidwa mu dzenje lolowetsa mpweya pafupi ndi sensa yotentha.

Momwe mungakulitsire moyo wantchito

Yesetsani kusintha fyuluta yam'mlengalenga munthawi yake, chifukwa DFID sichitha kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ngati mpweya wonyansa udutsamo. Kutsitsa ulusiwo ndi mkati mwake kumatheka pogwiritsa ntchito kutsitsi kwapadera ndi carburetor. Yesetsani kuchita zonse mosamala, musakhudze mizere yozungulira. Kupanda kutero "pezani" chinthu chodula chosinthira mpweya.

Kawirikawiri kachipangizo kameneka kamakhala kogwiritsa ntchito poyang'anira momwe mpweya ukuyendera muzipinda zoyaka. Kuti muwonjezere moyo wautumiki wa DFID, ndikofunikira kusintha fyuluta yam'mlengalenga munthawi yake ndikumvetsera gulu lama silinda-pisitoni. Makamaka, kuvala mopitilira mphete za pisitoni kumapangitsa kuti waya wa platinamu wokutidwa ndi kaboni wochuluka. Izi pang'onopang'ono kuthyola kachipangizo.

Ngozi zazikulu

Muyenera kudziwa momwe mungadziwire kulephera kwa sensa yoyenda mpweya. Makina oyaka amkati amasintha momwe amagwirira ntchito. Zosakaniza zosiyanasiyana za mpweya / mafuta zimafunikira kutengera kuthamanga ndi katundu. DFID imafunika kusakaniza bwino. Nthawi zina amatchedwa flow meter.

Monga mukudziwa kale, izi zimakuthandizani kudziwa ndi kuwongolera unyinji wa mpweya wolowa munjanji yamafuta a jakisoni. Ngati makina anu otulutsa mpweya akugwira bwino ntchito, izi ziziwonetsetsa kuti injini ikugwira bwino ntchito. Chonde dziwani kuti chipangizochi sichingakonzedwe ngakhale mutakhala ndi zida zambiri.

Zizindikiro zolakwika

Ndipo tsopano pang'ono pazomwe zimawoneka pomwe sensa ikulephera. Nthawi zambiri, chinthu ichi chikalephera, injini imayamba kuchita ulesi nthawi zonse, kuthamanga kwake kumangosintha nthawi zonse. Mukamathamangitsa, galimoto imayamba "kuganiza" kwa nthawi yayitali, kulibe chilichonse chosintha. Nthawi zambiri, kuthamanga kwa injini kumachepetsanso kapena kuwonjezeka mwachangu. Ndipo ngati muyenera kuzimitsa injini, ndizovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi zina sizingatheke. Chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusinthitsa kachipangizo cha MAF. Yakale, zolakwika zomwe ECU imalemba, mosakayikira zidzapangitsa vuto la injini.

Chonde dziwani kuti sensa yokha siyokhazikika. Ming'alu yaying'ono kapena kudula nthawi zambiri kumatha kuwonedwa mu corrugation yomwe imagwirizanitsa sensa ndi kupindika. Ngati mungazindikire mwadzidzidzi kuti kuwunika kwa Check Engine kumabwera pagawo loyang'anira ndipo zisonyezo zomwe zili pamwambazi zilipo, titha kunena kuti sensa yotulutsa yakhala yosagwiritsidwa ntchito. Koma osadalira izi zokha. Ndibwino kuti mupeze mawonekedwe athunthu a injini Tiyenera kudziwa kuti zizindikilo za vuto la MAF kutayika ndizofanana kwambiri ndi zomwe zimachitika, mwachitsanzo, TPS ikalephera.

Sensa yamagetsi yamagetsi iyi idapangidwa kuti ipereke chidziwitso cha kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umalowa m'masilinda a injini yoyaka mkati mwa ECU. Zidazi nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo - makina, filimu (waya wotentha ndi diaphragm), masensa othamanga. Mtundu woyamba umatengedwa kuti ndi wachikale ndipo sugwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, pamene ena onse ndi ofala kwambiri. Pali zizindikiro zingapo zomwe zimachititsa kuti mita yothamanga iwonongeke kwathunthu kapena pang'ono. Ndiye ife tiyang'ana pa iwo ndi kulankhula za mmene kuyendera, kukonza kapena m'malo flowmeter.

Kodi mita yoyenda ndi chiyani?

Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, mamitha oyenda adapangidwa kuti awonetse voliyumu ndi kuwongolera kwa mpweya womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi injini. Asanapitirize kufotokozera za ntchito yawo, m'pofunika kuyambitsa nkhani ya zamoyo. Pamapeto pake zidzatengera izi ndi momwe zimagwirira ntchito.

Mitundu ya mitunda yoyenda

Maonekedwe a Flowmeter

Mitundu yoyamba inali yamakina ndipo idayikidwa pamakina otsatirawa:

• jakisoni wogawidwa;
• anamanga-jekeseni wamagetsi ndi poyatsira zamagetsi zamagetsi;
• Zodzikongoletsera;
• NDIPONSO ZOPHUNZITSIRA;
• Zojambula.

Thupi lamakina oyenda limakhala ndi chipinda chowongolera, choyezera, kasupe wobwerera, chowongolera chowopsa, potentiometer ndi kulambalalanso (kulambalala) lokhala ndi chowongolera chosinthika.

Kuphatikiza pa mamitala othamanga, pali mitundu yotsatirayi yazida zapamwamba kwambiri:

• zotentha;
• otentha waya anemometer flowmeter;
• wandiweyani walitali zakulera flowmeter;
• Zobwezedwa mpweya kachipangizo.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya Flowmeter

Makina chiwembu cha flowmeter. 1 - magetsi operekera kuchokera kumagetsi olamulira; 2 - cholowera mpweya kutentha sensa; 3 - mpweya wochokera ku fyuluta ya mpweya; 4 - kasupe wozungulira; 5 - chipinda chodzidzimutsa; 6 - damping chipinda cha mantha absorber; 7 - kupereka mpweya kwa throttle; 8 - valavu ya mpweya; 9 - kudutsa njira; 10 - potentiometer

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mita yoyenda, yomwe maziko ake amatengera kutalika kwa valavu yamagetsi kutengera kuchuluka kwa mpweya wodutsa. Pa olamulira omwewo monga damper yoyezera, pali damper damper ndi potentiometer (chosinthira chosinthira magetsi). Otsatirawa amapangidwa ngati mawonekedwe amagetsi omwe ali ndi njanji zotsatsira. Pakusinthira valavu, kutsetsereka kumayenda limodzi nawo ndikusintha kukana. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imafalikira ndi potentiometer imayesedwa kutengera mayankho abwino ndikupatsidwira ku gawo lamagetsi. Kuwongolera momwe ntchito ya potentiometer imagwirira ntchito, sensa yotenthetsera mpweya imaphatikizidwanso.

Komabe, makina oyenda amagetsi tsopano akuwoneka kuti achikale chifukwa adasinthidwa ndi anzawo zamagetsi. Alibe magawo osunthira, chifukwa chake ndi odalirika, amapereka zotsatira zolondola ndipo magwiridwe awo satengera kutentha kwa mpweya wambiri.

Dzina lina la mita yothamanga ndi sensa ya mpweya, yomwe imagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri kutengera sensor yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito:

• waya (MAF hot wire sensor);
• filimu (yotentha yotulutsa sensa, HFM).

Mpweya woyendera mita wokhala ndi chinthu chotenthetsera (ulusi). 1 - sensor kutentha; 2 - mphete ya sensa yokhala ndi chotenthetsera cha waya; 3 - rheostat yolondola; Qm - kuyenda kwa mpweya pa unit ya nthawi

Mtundu woyamba wa chipangizocho umatengera kugwiritsa ntchito platinamu yotentha. Dera lamagetsi limasungunulira ulusi muukali (platinamu idasankhidwa chifukwa chitsulo sichimalimba, sichitha mphamvu ndipo sichimangobweretsa kuzinthu zankhanza). Mapangidwe ake amapereka kuti mpweya wodutsayo uziziritsa mawonekedwe ake. Dera lamagetsi limakhala ndi mayankho olakwika, momwe coil imazizira, magetsi amagetsi ambiri amawagwiritsa ntchito kuti azitha kutentha nthawi zonse.

Derali limakhalanso ndi chosinthira chomwe ntchito yake ndi kutembenuza mtengo wamakono osinthika kukhala kusiyana kwakukulu, i.e. Voteji. Pali mgwirizano wosagwirizana pakati pa mtengo wamagetsi womwe umapezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe ukusowa. Ndondomeko yeniyeni imayikidwa mu ECU ndipo mogwirizana ndi izo, imasankha kuchuluka kwa mpweya wofunikira nthawi imodzi.

Kapangidwe ka mita akuwonetsa zomwe zimatchedwa kuti njira yodziyeretsera. Pachifukwa ichi, ulusi wa platinamu umatenthedwa mpaka kutentha kwa + 1000 ° C. Chifukwa cha kutentha, zinthu zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala, kuphatikiza fumbi, zimatuluka pamwamba pake. Komabe, chifukwa chakutenthetsaku, ulusi wamakona pang'onopang'ono umachepa. Izi zimabweretsa, choyamba, ku zolakwika pakuwerenga kwa sensa, ndipo kachiwiri, pang'onopang'ono kuvala ulusi womwewo.

Hot waya anemometer mass flow mita dera 1 - zikhomo zolumikizira magetsi, 2 - chubu choyezera kapena nyumba zosefera mpweya, 3 - mawerengero ozungulira (wozungulira wosakanizidwa), 4 - cholowera mpweya, 5 - sensor element, 6 - chotuluka mpweya, 7 - bypass channel , 8 - sensor thupi.

Momwe masensa othamanga amagwirira ntchito

Tsopano ganizirani kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka masensa akuyenda kwa mpweya. Iwo ali a mitundu iwiri - ndi otentha waya anemometer ndi zochokera wandiweyani-mipanda diaphragm. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kufotokoza koyamba.

Izi ndi zotsatira za kusintha kwa mita yamagetsi, koma m'malo mwa waya, pakadali pano, silicon crystal imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati sensa, pomwe pamakhala zigawo zingapo za platinamu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma resistor. Makamaka:

• chotenthetsera;
• otentha awiri;
• kudya mpweya kutentha kachipangizo resistor.

Chozindikira chimapezeka mu njira yomwe mpweya umayendera. Amatenthedwa nthawi zonse pogwiritsa ntchito chowotcha. Kamodzi mu ngalande, mpweya umasintha kutentha kwake, komwe kumalembedwa ndi ma thermistors omwe amaikidwa kumapeto onse awiri a ngalandeyo. Kusiyanitsa pakuwerengedwa kwawo kumapeto onse awiri a diaphragm ndiko kusiyana komwe kungakhalepo, i.e. magetsi osasintha (0 mpaka 5 V). Nthawi zambiri, chizindikirochi chimasindikizidwa ngati mawonekedwe amagetsi omwe amatumizidwa mwachindunji pamakompyuta agalimoto.

Mfundo yoyezera kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya-filimu yotentha-waya anemometer. 1 - chikhalidwe cha kutentha popanda kutuluka kwa mpweya; 2 - chikhalidwe cha kutentha pamaso pa kutuluka kwa mpweya; 3 - tcheru chinthu cha sensa; 4 - malo otentha; 5 - sensa diaphragm; 6 - sensa yokhala ndi chubu choyezera; 7 - kuyenda kwa mpweya; M1, M2 - malo oyezera, T1, T2 - kutentha pamiyeso ya M1 ndi M2; ΔT - kusiyana kwa kutentha

Ponena za zosefera zamtundu wachiwiri, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito chotsekera chokhala ndi mipanda yolimba yomwe ili pamunsi pa ceramic. Chojambulira chake chogwira ntchito chimazindikira kusintha kwa mpweya wolowa m'malo olowetsa modabwitsa potengera mawonekedwe a nembanemba. Ndikusintha kwakukulu, dome lolingana ndi m'mimba mwake la 3 ... 5 mm ndi kutalika kwa ma microns 100 limapezeka. Mkati mwake muli zinthu zopangira ma piezoelectric zomwe zimasinthira mawonekedwe azinthu zamagetsi, zomwe zimatumizidwa ku ECU.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito kachipangizo kamene kamakakamiza mpweya

M'magalimoto amakono omwe amayatsa magetsi, amagwiritsira ntchito masensa othamangitsa mpweya, omwe amawawona kuti ndiotsogola kwambiri kuposa ma mita othamanga omwe akugwira ntchito molingana ndi malingaliro omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa. Chojambuliracho chimakhala chochulukirapo ndipo chimazindikira kuthamanga ndi kuchuluka kwa injini, komanso kuchuluka kwa mpweya wowonjezeredwa. Makamaka, imalumikizidwa ndikudya kambiri pogwiritsa ntchito payipi yopumira. Pogwira ntchito, zingalowe zimapangidwa m'mitundu ingapo, yomwe imagwira ntchito pakhungu lachitseko. Pali ma gauges opanikizika molunjika pa nembanemba, mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imasintha malinga ndi malo a nembanemba.

Sensor operation algorithm imakhala ndi kufananiza kuthamanga kwa mumlengalenga ndi kuthamanga kwa membrane. Chokulirapo, ndizovuta kwambiri kukana ndipo, motero, magetsi omwe amaperekedwa pakompyuta amasintha. Sensa imayendetsedwa ndi 5 V DC, ndipo chizindikiro chowongolera ndi chiwombankhanga chokhala ndi voteji nthawi zonse kuchokera ku 1 mpaka 4,5 V (poyamba, injiniyo ikugwira ntchito, ndipo kachiwiri, injini ikugwira ntchito kwambiri) . Kompyutayo imawerengera mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa mpweya, kuphatikizapo kutengera kuchuluka kwa mpweya, kutentha kwake komanso kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa crankshaft.

Chifukwa chakuti makina otsegulira mpweya ndi chida chosatetezeka kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri chimalephera, chakumayambiriro kwa zaka za 2000, opanga magalimoto adayamba kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito ma injini okhala ndi mpweya wothamangitsira mpweya.

Air film flow mita. 1 - chigawo choyezera; 2 - diaphragm; kupanikizika mu chipinda chofotokozera - 3; 4 - zinthu zoyezera; 5 - gawo lapansi la ceramic

Pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zapezedwa, gawo loyang'anira zamagetsi limayendetsa magawo otsatirawa.

Za injini zamafuta:

• nthawi yopangira mafuta;
• kuchuluka kwake;
• poyatsira poyambira mphindi;
• mafuta nthunzi kuchira dongosolo aligorivimu.

Kwa injini za dizilo:

• nthawi yopangira mafuta;
• magwiridwe antchito a mpweya wokonzanso mpweya.

Monga mukuwonera, kachipangizo kameneka ndi kosavuta, koma imagwira ntchito zingapo zofunika popanda kugwiritsa ntchito injini zoyaka mkati. Tsopano tiyeni tisunthire kuzizindikiro ndi zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwika pamfundo iyi.

Zizindikiro ndi zoyambitsa zolakwika

Ngati mita ikulephera pang'ono, dalaivala azindikira chimodzi kapena zingapo mwanjira zotsatirazi. Makamaka:

• Injini ikukanika kuyaka;
• ntchito yosakhazikika (liwiro loyandama) la injini muzochita zopanda pake, mpaka poyima;
• mawonekedwe amphamvu amgalimoto amachepetsedwa (pakufulumira, injini "imawonongeka" mukakanikiza cholembera cha accelerator);
• kwambiri mafuta;
• pa bolodi lakutsogolo.

Zizindikirozi zimatha kuyambika chifukwa cha zovuta zina zamagulu amtundu wa injini, koma mwazinthu zina, ndikofunikira kuwunika momwe mita yamagetsi imagwirira ntchito. Tsopano tiyeni tione zifukwa zolakwika zomwe tafotokozazi:

• Kukalamba kwachilengedwe ndi kulephera kwa sensa. Izi ndizowona makamaka kwa magalimoto akale okhala ndi mita yoyenda yoyambirira.
• Zambiri zamagalimoto zosakwanira za ECU zitha kupezeka chifukwa cha kutenthedwa kwa sensa ndi zinthu zake. Izi ndichifukwa choti ndikutentha kwakukulu kwazitsulo, magetsi ake amasintha, ndipo, chifukwa chake, kuwerengetsa kwa kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe wadutsa mu chipangizocho.
• Mawotchi kuwonongeka kwa mita yolowera kumatha kukhala chifukwa cha zochitika zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonongeka mukamachotsa fyuluta yam'mlengalenga kapena zinthu zina pafupi nayo, kuwonongeka kwa malo ogulitsira, etc.
• Chinyezi mkati mwa bokosilo, chifukwa chake ndi chosowa kwambiri, koma izi zitha kuchitika ngati pazifukwa zina, madzi ambiri alowa mchipinda cha injini. Chifukwa chake, kufupika kwakanthawi kumatha kuchitika pakuzungulira kwa sensa.

Monga lamulo, flowmeter siyingakonzedwe (kupatula zitsanzo zamakina) ndipo imayenera kusinthidwa ngati yawonongeka. Mwamwayi, chipangizocho ndi chotchipa, ndipo njira yokhazikitsira ndi kusonkhanitsa sikutanthauza nthawi ndi khama. Komabe, musanalowe m'malo, m'pofunika kuzindikira sensa ndikuyesera kuyeretsa sensa ndi carburetor.

Momwe mungayang'anire mita yoyenda

Njira yotsimikizira mayendedwe ake ndiyosavuta ndipo imatha kuchitidwa m'njira zingapo. Yang'anani mosamala pa iwo.

Kusokoneza sensa

Njira yosavuta ndiyo kuletsa flowmeter. Kuti muchite izi, injini itazimitsa, chotsani chingwe chamagetsi choyenera sensor (nthawi zambiri yofiira ndi yakuda). Kenako yambani injini ndikuyendetsa. Ngati chenjezo la Check Engine libwera pagawo la zida, liwiro lopanda ntchito limapitilira 1500 rpm ndipo mayendedwe agalimoto amayenda bwino, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti yanu ndiyomwe ili ndi vuto. Komabe, Mpofunika zina diagnostics.

Kusinthana ndi sikani

Njira ina yodziwitsira matenda ndikugwiritsa ntchito sikani yapadera kuti isokoneze mayendedwe amgalimoto. Pakadali pano pali zida zambiri zotere. Mitundu yambiri yaukadaulo imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo opangira mafuta kapena malo othandizira. Komabe, pali yankho losavuta kwa wamba wamagalimoto.

Zimakhala kukhazikitsa mapulogalamu apadera pa Android foni kapena piritsi. Pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe ndi chosinthira, chidacho chimalumikizidwa ndi ECU yamagalimoto, ndipo pulogalamu yomwe ili pamwambapa imakupatsani mwayi wodziwa zolakwika. Kuti mumvetse bwino, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mabuku owunikira.

Zida zotchuka:

• K-Mzere 409,1;
• Zamgululi
• OP COM.

Pankhani yamapulogalamu, eni magalimoto nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamuwa:

• Makokedwe ovomereza;
• OBD Auto Dokotala;
• ScanMaster Lite;
• BMW Chiyani.

Zizindikiro zolakwika kwambiri ndi izi:

• P0100 - misa kapena voliyumu otaya sensa dera;
• P0102 - otsika chizindikiro mlingo pa athandizira mpweya otaya sensa dera ndi misa kapena voliyumu;
• P0103 - chizindikiro chokhudza kuchuluka kwa zolowetsa pansi kapena kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa sensa.

Pogwiritsa ntchito hardware ndi mapulogalamuwa, simungangoyang'ana zolakwika zam'mlengalenga, komanso pangani zosintha zina za sensa yomwe yaikidwa kapena zinthu zina mgalimoto.

Kuyang'ana mita ndi multimeter

Fufuzani DMRV ndi multimeter

Njira yodziwikiratu yoyendetsa magalimoto ndikuwunika mita yolowera ndi multimeter. Popeza DFID BOSCH ndiyotchuka kwambiri mdziko lathu, njira yotsimikizira idzafotokozedwa motere:

• Sinthani multimeter mu DC mode muyeso mode. Ikani malire apamwamba kuti chidacho chizindikire zovuta mpaka 2 V.
• Yambitsani injini yamagalimoto ndikutsegula chivundikirocho.
• Pezani mita yoyenda molunjika. Nthawi zambiri imapezeka kapena kumbuyo kwa nyumba zosefera.
• Multimeter yofiira iyenera kulumikizidwa ndi waya wachikasu wa sensa, ndi multimeter yakuda ku yobiriwira.

Ngati sensa ili bwino, ma voliyumu omwe ali pazenera la multimeter sayenera kupitirira 1,05 V. Ngati magetsiwo ndi okwera kwambiri, ndiye kuti sensa sikugwira ntchito kapena pang'ono.
Tidzakupatsani tebulo lomwe likuwonetsa kufunikira kwamagetsi olandiridwa komanso mawonekedwe a sensa.

Kuwona kooneka ndi kuyeretsa kwa flowmeter

Ngati mulibe sikani kapena pulogalamu yofananira kuti muzindikire momwe MAF sensor ilili, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kuti muwone kusayenda bwino kwa MAF. Chowonadi ndichakuti zochitika sizachilendo mukakhala dothi, mafuta kapena madzi ena amisili. Izi zimabweretsa zolakwika mukamatulutsa deta kuchokera pachida.

Kuti muwone zowonera, sitepe yoyamba ndikusokoneza mita. Mtundu uliwonse wamagalimoto ukhoza kukhala ndi zokoma zake, koma kwakukulu, magwiridwe antchito azikhala ngati awa:

Zimitsani poyatsira galimoto.

Gwiritsani ntchito wrench (nthawi zambiri 10) kuti muchepetse payipi ya mpweya yomwe mpweya umalowamo.
Chotsani zingwe zomwe zatchulidwa m'ndime yapitayi kuchokera pa sensa.
Sonkhanitsani sensa mosamala osataya mphete ya O.
Kenako muyenera kuchita zowunikira. Makamaka, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mawonekedwe onse owoneka bwino ali bwino, osathyoledwa kapena okosijeni. Onaninso za fumbi, zinyalala, ndikuwongolera madzi amkati mkati mwa bokosilo komanso molunjika pazomwe zimazindikira. Kupezeka kwawo kumatha kubweretsa zolakwika pakuwerenga.

Chifukwa chake, ngati kuipitsidwa kotereku kukupezeka, ndikofunikira kuyeretsa bokosi ndi chinthu chodziwitsa. Pachifukwa ichi, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito kompresa wampweya ndi nsanza (kupatula mita yoyendetsa kanema, siyingatsukidwe kapena kuwombedwa ndi mpweya wopanikizika).

Tsatirani njira yoyeretsera mosamala

kuti zisawononge ziwalo zake zamkati, makamaka ulusi.

Palinso zovuta zina zamagetsi othamanga. Mwachitsanzo, ngati zonse zili bwino ndi chipangizocho, zingwe zosalumikizidwa ndi kompyuta yomwe ili pa bolodi zitha kukhala zosagwiritsidwa ntchito. Zotsatira zake, chizindikirocho chidzatumizidwa kwa purosesa ndikuchedwa, zomwe zingasokoneze kuyendetsa kwa mota. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikugwira ntchito, muyenera kulira waya.

Zotsatira

Pomaliza, tiperekanso maupangiri ena amomwe mungakulitsire nthawi yantchito ya mita yoyenda. Choyamba, sinthani zosefera za mpweya pafupipafupi. Kupanda kutero, sensa imatha kutentha ndikupereka chidziwitso cholakwika. Chachiwiri, musatenthe injini ndikuwonetsetsa kuti makina ozizira akugwira bwino ntchito. Chachitatu, ngati mukutsuka mita, tsatirani njirayi mosamala. Tsoka ilo, masensa ambiri amakono otulutsa mpweya sangakonzedwe, chifukwa chake, ngati alephera kwathunthu kapena pang'ono, ndikofunikira kusintha m'malo mwake.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi sensa ya MAF iyenera kuwerengera ndalama zingati? Njinga 1.5 - mowa 9.5-10 makilogalamu / h (osagwira ntchito), 19-21 makilogalamu / h (2000 rpm). Kwa ma motors ena, chizindikirocho ndi chosiyana (malingana ndi voliyumu ndi kuchuluka kwa mavavu).

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati sensa ya mpweya sikugwira ntchito? Idling idzataya kukhazikika, kusalala kwa galimoto kudzasokonezeka, kuyambitsa injini yoyaka mkati kumakhala kovuta kapena kosatheka. Kutaya mphamvu zamagalimoto.