Yesani kuyendetsa Citroën SM ndi Maserati Merak: abale osiyanasiyana
Mayeso Oyendetsa

Yesani kuyendetsa Citroën SM ndi Maserati Merak: abale osiyanasiyana

Yesani kuyendetsa Citroën SM ndi Maserati Merak: abale osiyanasiyana

Magalimoto awiri kuyambira nthawi yomwe magalimoto apamwamba anali apadera

Citroën SM ndi Maserati Merak amagawana mtima womwewo - injini yabwino kwambiri ya V6 yopangidwa ndi Giulio Alfieri yokhala ndi ngodya ya banki ya 90-degree yachilendo. Kuti muphatikizepo kutsogolo kwa chitsulo cham'mbuyo mu chitsanzo cha ku Italy, chimazungulira madigiri a 180. Ndipo si misala yokhayo...

Ndi chochitika chofala pakati pa abale kuti mwana woyamba kumenyera ufulu wake, ndipo akaulandira, ena onse angasangalale ndi mwaŵi umene apeza kale. Kumbali inayi, maphunziro omwe ali ndi zilembo zosiyana amatha kukhala kuchokera ku majini omwewo - opanduka kapena odzichepetsa, odekha kapena ankhanza, othamanga kapena ayi.

Kodi magalimoto amakhudzana bwanji ndi izi? Pankhani ya Maserati Merak ndi Citroën SM, fanizoli likuphatikiza, koposa zonse, kuti onsewa ndi nthawi yomwe mafani okonda kwambiri mtundu waku Italiya sangayankhulepo. Mu 1968, Adolfo Orsi wazaka Maserati wazaka 1967 adagulitsa mtengo wake ku Citroën (mnzake 75 wa Maserati), ndikupereka XNUMX peresenti ya kampani yaku Italiya kwa wopanga magalimoto waku France. Ichi chinali chiyambi cha nyengo yayifupi koma yovuta m'mbiri yamagalimoto, yodziwika ndi zolinga zokhumba poyamba ndiyeno mavuto ndi kutsatsa kwamitundu yamasewera chifukwa cha vuto lamafuta.

Mu 1968, palibe chomwe chinkaimira zochitika zoterezi, chifukwa chake Citroën anali wofunitsitsa kwambiri tsogolo la kampani yaku Italiya. Mwamwayi, wopanga Maserati waluso Giulio Alfieri akadali paudindo wabwino ndi kampani yatsopanoyi ndipo ali ndi udindo wopanga injini yatsopano ya V-90, kuphatikiza mitundu ina yamtsogolo ya Citroën. Pakadali pano, zili bwino. Malinga ndi nkhaniyi, Alfieri adadzidzimuka atawerenga ntchitoyi, yomwe imawonetsa kutalika pakati pa mizere ... madigiri XNUMX.

Chifukwa chakufunika kopanda mawonekedwe osayenerera poyendetsa V6 ndichakuti injiniyo imayenera kukhala pansi pamizere yolumikizidwa pachikuto chakutsogolo cha SM. Chief Designer Robert Opron adapanga avant-garde Citroën SM yokhala ndi mathero otsika pang'ono, kotero V6 yapakatikati yapakatikati yokhala ndi mbali ya 60-degree mzere singakwane kutalika. Ku Citroen, si zachilendo kupanga zovomerezeka zamagetsi m'dzina la mawonekedwe.

Dulani V6 Alfieri ngati mtima wamba

Komabe, Giulio Alfieri adavomera. Gulu la 2,7-liter light alloy lomwe limalemera makilogalamu 140 lapangidwa, lomwe, chifukwa cha mitu yovuta komanso yokwera mtengo ya ma dohc valve, imapereka 170 hp. Zoona, izi sizotsatira zosangalatsa, koma sitiyenera kunyalanyaza kuti mphamvu yomwe ikufunsidwa imakwaniritsidwa pa 5500 rpm. Injini imatha kuthamanga mpaka 6500 rpm, koma kuchokera pakuwona kwaukadaulo, izi sizofunikira kwenikweni. Phokoso la injini limadziwika kuti ndi lolemba Alfieri, koma limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane. Phokoso la maunyolo atatu limamveka bwino, ziwiri zomwe zimayendetsa ma camshafts. Chachitatu, koma choyambirira mogwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe ka galimotoyo, chimagwira ntchito yosinthasintha shaft yapakatikati, yomwe imayendetsa pampu yamadzi, chosinthira, pampu yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi makina opangira mpweya, komanso magiya ndi maunyolo awiri omwe atchulidwa mu kuchitapo okwana camshafts anayi. Dera lino limadzaza kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri limakhala vuto lamagalimoto osasamalika. Ponseponse, komabe V6 yatsopanoyi idakhala galimoto yodalirika.

Mwina ndichifukwa chake mainjiniya a Maserati angakwanitse kupeza zambiri. Amawonjezera kukula kwa silinda ndi mamilimita 4,6, zomwe zimawonjezera kusamuka kwa malita atatu. Choncho, mphamvu yawonjezeka ndi 20 hp ndi makokedwe ndi 25 Nm, kenako unit atembenuza madigiri 180 pa olamulira ofukula ndipo anaziika mu thupi kusinthidwa pang'ono Bora, amene kuwonekera koyamba kugulu mu 1972. Umu ndi mmene galimotoyo inakhalira. wotchedwa Merak ndipo pamtundu wa masewerawa amapatsidwa udindo wa chitsanzo choyambira ndi mtengo (ku Germany) pansi pa 50 brand. Poyerekeza, Bora yokhala ndi injini ya V000 ndi ma 8 okwera mtengo kwambiri. Ndi 20 hp. ndi 000 Nm ya makokedwe, ndi Merak amasunga mtunda wolemekezeka kuchokera ku Bora, womwe ndi wolemera 190 kg koma uli ndi injini ya 255 hp. Choncho, Merak ali tsogolo lovuta - kukhazikika pakati pa abale ake awiri. Imodzi mwa izo ndi Citroen SM, yomwe anzake a Auto Motor und Sport adayitcha "silver bullet" ndi "yaikulu kwambiri" chifukwa kuyendetsa kwake sikutsika poyerekeza ndi chitonthozo. Mercedes 50. Wina ndi Maserati Bora omwe akufunsidwa, masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe ali ndi injini yaikulu ya V310. Mosiyana ndi Bora, Merak ili ndi mipando iwiri yowonjezera, ngakhale yaying'ono, yakumbuyo, komanso mafelemu osawala omwe amalumikiza denga ndi kumbuyo kwa galimotoyo. Amawoneka ngati njira yowoneka bwino ya thupi poyerekeza ndi malo otsekeredwa a injini ya mnzake wamkulu wa injini.

De Tomaso achotsa mayendedwe a Citroën

Zimakhala zovuta kuti Merak apeze makasitomala - izi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi mfundo yakuti isanathe kupanga mu 1830, magalimoto 1985 okha anagulitsidwa. Pambuyo 1975, Maserati anakhala katundu wa kampani Italy boma GEPI ndipo, makamaka, Alessandro de Tomaso, womalizayo anakhala mwini wake. CEO, chitsanzocho chimadutsa magawo ena awiri a chisinthiko chake. M'chaka cha 1975 anaonekera SS Baibulo ndi 220 HP injini. ndi - chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa msonkho pamagalimoto apamwamba ku Italy mu 1976 - 170 hp version. ndi kusamuka komwe kumatchedwa Merak 2000 GT. Magiya a Citroën SM amapangira ena, ndipo ma brake system othamanga kwambiri asinthidwa ndi ma hydraulic wamba. Kuyambira 1980 Merak wapangidwa popanda zigawo za Citroen. Komabe, ndi zinthu zaukadaulo za kampani yaku France zomwe zimapangitsa Merak kukhala yosangalatsa kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ma brake system omwe atchulidwawa (190 bar) amapereka njira yabwino yoyimitsira ndikuyatsa magetsi otuluka. Zinthu izi zimaphatikizidwa ndi machitidwe odzidzimutsa komanso achindunji - mtundu womwe galimoto yokhala ndi injini yapakatikati ingapereke. Ngakhale pa 3000 rpm, V6 imapereka mphamvu zambiri ndipo ikupitirizabe kuyenda mwamphamvu mpaka 6000 rpm.

Mukalowa mu Citroën SM ndikuyang'ana zida zofananira ndi dashboard, kuphatikizapo console yapakati, pali pafupifupi deja vu. Komabe, kutembenuka koyambirira kumathetsa zomwe zimachitika m'magalimoto onse awiri. Ndi mu SM kuti Citroën imatulutsa kuthekera kwake kwaukadaulo mokwanira. Dongosolo la hydropneumatic lomwe lili ndi mphamvu yodzidzimutsa mwapadera limatsimikizira kuti thupi, lomwe lili ndi wheelbase pafupifupi mamita atatu, limagubuduza tokhala ndi chitonthozo chodabwitsa. Chowonjezera pa izi ndi chiwongolero chosayerekezeka cha DIVARI chokhala ndi chiwongolero chowonjezereka chobwerera pakati ndi njira yocheperako yakumbuyo ya 200 mm, yomwe, pambuyo pozolowera, imapereka kukwera kopumula komanso kosavuta kuyendetsa. Yoyenera kuyenda mtunda wautali, SM ndi galimoto ya avant-garde yomwe imapangitsa okwera ake kukhala ofunikira ndipo ili ndi zaka patsogolo pa nthawi yake. Maserati osowa ndi osangalatsa masewera galimoto kuti inu moona mtima zosiyidwa yaing'ono.

Pomaliza

Ma Citroen SM ndi Masarati Merak ndi magalimoto kuyambira nthawi yomwe kupanga magalimoto kuli kotheka. Pamene osati mosamalitsa kulamulira azandalama, komanso omanga ndi okonza anali ndi mawu olimba kufotokoza malire. Mwanjira imeneyi ndi magalimoto osangalatsa ngati abale awiri azaka za m'ma 70.

Zolemba: Kai Clouder

Chithunzi: Hardy Muchler

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