Kodi cholumikizira mpira ndi chiyani ndipo chimatha kukonzedwa?

Chassis ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa galimoto yamakono kumapangidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zomwe cholinga chake ndikutonthoza kwambiri poyendetsa galimotoyo, komanso kuchepetsa kupsinjika kwa zinthu zina.

Kuphatikizana kwa mpira ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakuimitsidwa kwa galimoto. Ganizirani cholinga chake, chida, zolakwika zazikulu ndikusankha kosintha.

Kodi cholumikizira mpira ndi chiyani

Dzinali likusonyeza kuti limathandizira. Poterepa, ma levers of the swivel wheel a makina ndi kachingwe amakhala pamenepo. Kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, cholumikizira mpira chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe osinthidwa pang'ono, koma kwenikweni onse ndi ofanana. Iwo ali ngati mawonekedwe a mpira, womwe uli ndi chikhomo chomangirira, chomwe chimakhala mchikwama chachitsulo.

Chifukwa chiyani mumafunikira cholumikizira mpira

Popeza kuyimitsidwa kwa zida ndi magudumu akuyenda mosalekeza (popanda izi, ndizosatheka kuyendetsa ndikukwera kufewa), phirilo siliyenera kusokoneza mayendedwe awo. Koma nthawi yomweyo, mayendedwe azigawozi ayenera kukhala okhwima kwambiri.

Ntchito yolumikizira mpira ndikuloleza mawilo kuti azungulira mozungulira komanso kutembenuka momasuka, koma kuti zisawalepheretse kuyenda molunjika (kuwonetsetsa kuti magudumu akuyenda molunjika).

Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti phiri la hinge siligwiritsidwa ntchito kokha m'chigawo chino kukonza likulu ndi lever. Gawo lofananalo limapezeka muzowongolera, zotchingira ma camber kapena mitundu ina ya zoyeserera (mwachitsanzo, mu chivindikiro cha thunthu kapena zipilala za hood).

Mbiri yakukhazikitsidwa kwa cholumikizira mpira

Asanayambike njira zampira, ma pivot adagwiritsidwa ntchito mgalimoto. Izi ndi bawuti yokhala ndi singano kapena yodzigudubuza, yomwe imathandizira kuyendetsa magudumu akutsogolo, koma kuyimitsidwa kunali kodziwika chifukwa chokhwima kwake, popeza oyimilirawo analibe masewera omasuka ngati magalimoto amakono.

Panali njira zosiyanasiyana, wopangidwa ndi ndodo zingapo ndi mayendedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyimitsidwa ofewa. Koma kapangidwe ka mayunitsi otere anali ovuta, ndikukonzanso kwawo kunali kovuta. Choyipa chachikulu cholephera ndikutaya mafuta pamagawo.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1950, kunapangidwa kapangidwe kamene kanapangitsa msonkhano uno kukhala wosavuta momwe ungathere. Awa anali malo olumikizirana mpira. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kosavuta, kukonza kwawo kumakhala kosavuta momwe zingathere, koma nthawi yomweyo gawolo linapatsa ufulu wambiri kuyendetsa - kuyenda panthawi yopanikizika komanso kuyimitsidwa kwa kuyimitsidwa, komanso kuzungulira kwa nkhonya pomwe likulu limakhazikika.

Pambuyo pazaka khumi zokha, gawoli lidayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mgalimoto zambiri zonyamula, komanso pakati pa 60s. ma pivots amakhalabe makamaka mgalimoto ndi magalimoto amsewu.

Chipangizo chophatikizira mpira

Malumikizano oyamba a mpira anali ndi magawo awiri, omwe adalumikizidwa ndi kuwotcherera. Kuti gawolo likhale lalitali, poyamba limagwira. Ndiye kuti, amayenera kufewetsedwa, chifukwa chikhomo ndi kasupe mkati mwazinyumbayo anali ndi katundu wambiri. Kukula pang'ono pambuyo pake kunataya kasupe ndi mbale yothinirana, ndipo m'malo mwake mapangidwe adalandira malaya apulasitiki.

Masiku ano, makinawa amagwiritsa ntchito zosintha zopanda ntchito zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa. Kusiyana kokha ndikuti chinthu cholimba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa pulasitiki.

Chida cha chithandizo choterechi chimaphatikizapo:

• Linapanga zitsulo thupi;
• Chala choloza mpira chomwe chimakwanira thupi;
• Chingwe cha nayiloni chomwe chimalepheretsa magawo azitsulo kuti asalumikizane;
• Gawo lonseli latsekedwa mu buti.

Kupanga zinthu izi ntchito luso stamping, amene gawo laling'ono amatha kupirira katundu yaikulu mawotchi ndi matenthedwe.

Sizachilendo kwa opanga ziwalo zamagalimoto kukhazikitsa msonkhano wampira wokhala ndi lever, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosavuta kukonza galimoto. Zachidziwikire, pankhaniyi, njirayi idzakhala yokwera mtengo poyerekeza ndi makina oyendera ma hinge. Kuphatikiza pa mtengo wa hinge palokha, muyenera kulipira ngongole yonse.

Chiwerengero cha olowa mpira mu kuyimitsidwa

Malingana ndi mtundu wa galimoto (galimoto yokwera kapena SUV), chiwerengero cha olowa mpira akhoza kusiyana. Mwachitsanzo, m'galimoto yapamwamba yonyamula anthu yokhala ndi kuyimitsidwa kokhazikika, zolumikizira ziwiri za mpira zimayikidwa - imodzi pa gudumu.

Ena SUVs, aliyense gudumu kuyimitsidwa kutsogolo ali zothandizira awiri (mmodzi pamwamba ndi wina pansi). Mapangidwe oyimitsidwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mayendedwe atatu a mpira pa gudumu ndi osowa kwambiri. Mu kuyimitsidwa kodziyimira pawokha kwamitundu yambiri, cholumikizira mpira nthawi zambiri chimayikidwa pa gudumu lakumbuyo.

Zothandizira zotere pamapangidwewo, zimakhala zosavuta kupirira akatundu akulu. Koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha zigawo mu kapangidwe kake, chiwerengero cha mfundo zomwe zingathe kusweka zimawonjezekanso. Komanso, kuchuluka kwa zolumikizira mpira kumapangitsa kuti kuyimitsidwa kukhale kovuta komanso kokwera mtengo kwambiri kukonza.

Momwe mungayang'anire olowa nawo mpira

Ngakhale kuti mpira umapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimalola kuti gawolo ligwiritsidwe ntchito kwanthawi yayitali, limakhala losagwiritsika ntchito. Pachifukwa ichi, kuyerekezera kozolowereka kumafunikira.

Kufufuza mpira kumachitika pamalo apadera. Poterepa, ndikosavuta kuzindikira kusokonekera kwa gawo linalake kuposa kuwunika kooneka. Komabe, olowa mpira amathanso kuyesedwa kunyumba.

Nazi njira zina:

• Kuwulula phokoso. Injini itazima, gwedezani makinawo mbali ndi mbali. Pakadali pano, muyenera kumvetsera ngati kuyimitsidwa kukuchokera podina kapena kugogoda. Mwa njirayi, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito thandizo lakunja. Kugogoda kwa gawo kunapezeka, kuyenera kusinthidwa;
• Mawilo oyendetsa. Poterepa, inunso simungachite popanda thandizo. Magalimoto amakwera kapena kunyamulidwa pokweza. Munthu m'modzi ali mgalimoto ndipo amagwirizira chophikira. Wina amasuntha gudumu lililonse payokha. Ngati pali zovuta, ndiye kuti mpira uyenera kusinthidwa.

Zizindikiro za kulephera kwa malo olumikizirana mpira

Kuphatikizana kwa mpira wolakwika kumawonjezera ngozi mwadzidzidzi. Palibe mulingo umodzi woti gawo lopatsidwa liyenera kukhala lotalika bwanji. Mitundu ina yamagalimoto, gwero lake limatha kukhala pafupifupi makilomita 150. Pazifukwa izi, ndandanda yakusinthira iyenera kufotokozedwa mu buku loyendetsa magalimoto.

Izi kuyimitsidwa kwa galimoto ndizochepa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, izi zimatsogoleredwa ndi zizindikilo zina:

• Phokoso loyimitsidwa mukamayendetsa pang'onopang'ono pazopinga - maenje kapena ma bampu othamanga. Phokoso ili limabwera kuchokera kutsogolo kwa galimoto;
• Mukamayendetsa, gudumu limayenderera mmbali. Izi ndichifukwa chakubwerera m'mbuyo pakuthandizira. Chizindikiro ichi sichinganyalanyazidwe, chifukwa pansi pakatundu, gawolo likhoza kuphulika ndipo gudumu lidzatuluka. Zowopsa kwambiri ndi pamene izi zimachitika pakadutsa njanji, chifukwa chake, zikachitika, mpira uyenera kusinthidwa posachedwa;
• Kuvala kosafanana pamatayala am'magudumu akutsogolo (mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazovala za mphira zafotokozedwa mu ndemanga yapadera);
• Mukamayendetsa magudumu, kamvekedwe kamamveka (kugwedezeka poyenda kumawonetsa kusayenda bwino kwa gawo la CV).

Zifukwa zakulephera kwa cholumikizira mpira

Ngakhale gawolo ndilolimba kwambiri poyerekeza ndi zotumphukira, mphamvu zomwezo zimagwirabe ntchito. Njira iliyonse posachedwa imayamba kusokonekera, ndipo zinthu zina zimathandizira izi. Nazi zina mwa izo:

• Nsapato zidang'ambika. Chifukwa cha ichi, chinyezi, mchenga ndi zinthu zina zopweteka zimalowa mu msonkhano. Ngati kuwunika kowonera kwakanthawi kumachitika, vutoli limatha kudziwika koyambirira ndikuletsa kukonza msanga kwa chipangizocho;
• Kuyendetsa msewu kapena misewu yopanda miyala. Poterepa, kulumikizana kwa mpira kumatha kukumana ndi nkhawa yayikulu. Pachifukwa ichi, iyenera kusinthidwa koyambirira kuposa momwe wopanga akuwonetsera;
• Kukondwerera mosadalilika kwa magawo otumizidwa;
• Pini yolimbitsa. Izi zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa kusewera, ndipo chala chimangotuluka pachitsulo.

Kubwezeretsanso mgwirizano wa mpira

Ndi kuchuluka kwa mgwirizano wa mpira wa bajeti pamsika, oyendetsa galimoto ambiri amapeza kukhala kosavuta kugula gawo latsopano ndikulowa m'malo omwe alephera. M'misewu yovuta, mpira umagwira ntchito pafupifupi makilomita 30, kotero ambiri amaona kuti gawoli ndi chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito.

Komabe, ngati mukufuna, mgwirizano wa mpira uyenera kubwezeretsedwa. Kwenikweni, mzere wokhawokha ndi nsapato zimathera mmenemo, ndipo zinthu zachitsulo zimakhalabe. Kupatula pazochitika zomwe dalaivala amanyalanyaza kugogoda kwa kuyimitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali.

Ndondomeko yobwezeretsa mpira ndi motere:

• Gawo lolephera limachotsedwa.
• Thandizo limaphwanyidwa (likukhudza zigawo zowonongeka) - mphete za boot sizimachotsedwa, zimachotsedwa, chala chimachotsedwa, mafuta odzola ndi liner amasinthidwa. Osagwiritsa ntchito mafuta a graphite.
• Ngati gawolo silingathe kupasuka, ndiye kuti dzenje lalikulu limabowoleredwa kumunsi ndipo ulusi umapangidwa mmenemo. Mphepete imachotsedwa kupyolera mu dzenje ili, chingwe chatsopano chimalowetsedwa mofananamo, mafuta amayikidwa ndipo dzenje limakulungidwa ndi pulagi yachitsulo yokonzekeratu.

Ndizovuta kwambiri kubwezeretsa zothandizira zomwe sizinachotsedwe pazitsulo. Pankhaniyi, ndondomekoyi ndi yovuta, kotero ndi kosavuta kugula gawo latsopano. Kuti mubwezeretse mpira wotere, mukufunikira zida zapadera ndi fluoroplastic (polymer, yomwe, ikatenthedwa kufika madigiri 200, imaponyedwa mu gawolo kudzera mu dzenje lobowola).

Momwe mungakulitsire moyo wamagulu a mpira

Tsoka ilo, si onse opanga ophatikizana a mpira amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta okwanira, omwe angayambitse gawoli mwachangu. Makamaka moyo wogwira ntchito wa ziwalo zoterezi zimadalira momwe anthers alili. Mafuta ang'onoang'ono amatsuka mwamsanga ndipo chotchingira mpira chatha.

Ngati mwini galimoto akufuna kuonjezera gwero la olowa mpira (chimodzimodzinso kumapeto kwa ndodo chiwongolero), iye nthawi ndi nthawi kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa lubricant. Zachidziwikire, ngati mawonekedwe a mpira amalola izi (pali nsonga yamafuta pansi pa nsonga yamafuta kapena nsonga yamafuta), izi ndizosavuta kuchita. Njira yowonjezera mafuta ndi motere.

Bolt ya kapuyo idamasulidwa ndipo nsonga ya mabere imalowetsedwamo. Mafuta amayikidwa mumfuti yamafuta (ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chinthu cholumikizira ma CV, popeza mafutawa amalimbana ndi kutentha komanso madzi). Chachikulu ndikusayika mafuta ochulukirapo. Apo ayi, boot idzatupa ndi kung'ambika pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto.

Momwe mungasankhire mgwirizano wa mpira

Kusankhidwa kwa mgwirizano watsopano wa mpira kumachitika mofanana ndi kusankhidwa kwa zigawo zina. Choyamba muyenera kukumbukira kuti mpira wapamwamba ndi wotsika (ngati kuyimitsidwa kwapangidwe kuli ndi zothandizira) sizingasinthidwe. Aliyense wa iwo amapangidwa kuti azinyamula mosiyanasiyana, komanso amasiyana pang'ono pamapangidwe.

Ndikosavuta kupeza zida zamtundu wina wagalimoto kusiyana ndikusaka magawo payekhapayekha. N'zosavuta kusankha valavu yatsopano ya mpira malinga ndi kupanga ndi chitsanzo cha galimotoyo. Ngati galimoto ikuyenda, mwachitsanzo, yapakhomo yapakhomo, ndiye kuti mbali zotere zidzapezeka pafupifupi sitolo iliyonse yamagalimoto.

Ngati chitsanzocho sichachilendo, ndipo cholumikizira chake cha mpira chimakhala ndi mapangidwe apadera, ndiye kuti ndi bwino kufufuza nambala yamakasitomala (nthawi zambiri pamakhala cholembedwa cha nambala iyi pa anthers a mafupa a mpira, koma kuti muwone. kufunika kumasula gawolo). Chovuta chakusaka koteroko ndikuti muyenera kudziwa kapena kupeza nambala yofunikira. Njira ina yodalirika ndiyo kuyang'ana nambala ya mpira ndi VIN code.

Njira yosavuta ndiyo kugula gawo loyambirira. Koma zosankha zabwino zimapezekanso kuchokera kwa opanga ena kapena kumakampani onyamula katundu. Zina mwazinthu zoterezi (zokhudza mtundu wa mpira) ndi South Korea CTR, German Lemfoerder, American Delphi ndi Japanese 555. Ponena za kampani yotsirizirayi, zinthu zachinyengo zomwe zili pansi pa dzina la chizindikirochi nthawi zambiri zimapezeka pamsika.

Ngati apatsidwa zosankha za bajeti, ndiye kuti tsatanetsatane wa omwe amapakirayo ndi oyenera kusamala, pokhapokha ngati ndi bwino kusankha makampani aku Europe, osati aku Turkey kapena Taiwanese.

Chitsanzo chobwezeretsa cholumikizira mpira

Lamulo loyambira pakusintha mavavu ampira ndikusintha zida, osati payekhapayekha. Izi zikugwira ntchito pamitundu yonse yamagalimoto. Ntchitoyi imagwiridwa motere:

• Makinawo amakwezedwa pa jack kapena kukweza;
• Zomangira zolimba za lever sizimasulidwa (muyenera kuyesetsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito VD-40, chifukwa ulusi nthawi zambiri umamatira). Iwo sali omasulidwa kwathunthu;
• Bokosi lokonzekera mpira silimasulidwa;
• Chithandizocho chimachotsedwa pachikhomo pogwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera, koma ngati palibe, nyundo ndi chisel zithandizira bwino;
• Bwalo litachotsedwa pa chibakera, mutha kumasula kwathunthu lever;
• Pamene lever idalumikizidwa, tcherani khutu ku zotchinga (pazomwe zili komanso chifukwa chiyani mukuzisintha, anauzidwa mosiyana);
• Mu lever, chinsalucho chimakonzedwa ndi mphete yosungira, ndipo nsapato imayikidwa pamwamba. Zigawozi zimachotsedwa ndipo mpira wachotsedwa pampando;
• Chithandizo chatsopano chimakanikizidwa mu lever, chokhazikika ndi mphete yosungira, mafuta ndi buti imavalidwa;
• Chowongolera chikugwirizanitsidwa ndi subframe ndipo ma bolts amawotchera, koma osakhazikika kwathunthu (kuti pambuyo pake zitha kukhala zosavuta kumasula ma bolts, nigrol imagwiritsidwa ntchito ulusiwo);
• Chala cha chithandizo chatsopanocho cholozera kulumikizana ndi nkhonya (muyenera kuyesetsa kuchita izi);
• Bokosi lothandizira lamangika mpaka kumapeto;
• Galimoto imatsitsidwa ndipo zomangira zomangira zimamangiriridwa pansi pa kulemera kwake.

Njirayi imabwerezedwanso mbali ina ya makina.

Nayi kanema wamfupi momwe ndondomekoyi ikuwonekera:

KUSINTHA KWAMBIRI KWA MPIRA. # kukonza galimoto "Garaja No. 6"

Malangizo othandizira othandizira

Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka ndi kukonza mwadzidzidzi pamiyendo ya mpira, kachilombo kakang'ono kamene kamayenera kuchitika pakadutsa masiku omwe akukonzekera. Pakadali pano, choyambirira, kuyang'anitsitsa ma anthers kumachitika, chifukwa akaphwanya, gawolo limataya mafuta ndipo mchenga umalowa mu mpira, womwe umathandizira kufalikira kwa zinthuzo.

M'mbuyomu, tawonapo kale njira imodzi yomwe ingakuthandizeni kudziwa kuvala kwa bafa - kupeta gudumu lokonzedwa ndi mabuleki. Popeza gawolo ndilopanda kusamalira, ngati zolakwika zimapezeka, zimangosinthidwa ndi zina zatsopano.

Woyendetsa akhoza kuyimitsa kuyimitsidwa, kuphatikiza kuthandizira, ngati angasankhe magawo amsewu pang'ono (odutsa mabowo) ndikupewa kuyendetsa mwachangu msewu. Komanso, madalaivala ambiri amalakwitsa kamodzi akathamanga pa bampu yothamanga. Amagwira mabuleki mpaka kutsogolo kwa galimoto kuthamangitsa chopinga. M'malo mwake, mabuleki amayenera kutulutsidwa gudumu lisanakumane ndi cholepheretsacho. Izi zimalepheretsa dalaivala kugunda mwamphamvu kuyimitsidwa.

M'malo mwake, mpirawo ndi gawo lolimba. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito galimoto mosamala, gawolo likhala lokhazikika nthawi yonse yomwe wopanga amapanga.

Pomaliza

Choncho, popanda mgwirizano wa mpira, kuyimitsidwa kwa galimotoyo sikungathe kulimbana ndi ntchito yake bwino. Sizingatheke kuyendetsa galimoto yoteroyo mosamala komanso momasuka. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zikuwonetsa kulephera kwa gawoli. Ikatha, gawolo nthawi zambiri limasinthidwa kukhala latsopano, koma ngati lingafune komanso ndi nthawi yokwanira, mpirawo ukhoza kubwezeretsedwanso. Posankha mpira watsopano, zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa kuzinthu zoyambirira kapena zodziwika bwino.

Kanema pa mutuwo

Pamapeto pa ndemanga yathu, tikupempha kuti muwone vidiyo ya momwe mpira wogwiritsidwira ntchito ukuchitira:

Kuzindikira kolumikizana kwa mpira: chitsanzo cha lever yogwira ntchito.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi mumadziwa bwanji nthawi yosintha malo olumikizirana mpira? Ndikoyenera kutchera khutu ku mgwirizano wa mpira ngati gudumu likugogoda pamene galimoto ikuyenda, kuponda kwa matayala kumatha mosagwirizana, phokoso likumveka pamene likudutsa pamakona, galimoto imakokedwa kumbali pamene ikuphulika.

Kodi cholumikizira mpira m'galimoto ndi chiyani? Iyi ndiye pivot yomwe imateteza gudumu ku mkono woyimitsidwa. Gawo ili limalepheretsa gudumu kuyenda mu ndege yowongoka ndipo limapereka ufulu mu ofukula.

Chifukwa chiyani mpira umasweka? Kuphulika kwa nsapato, kuvala chifukwa cha katundu wochuluka pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto kunja kwa msewu, kusowa mafuta, kuwonjezeka kwachala chifukwa cha kuvala kwachilengedwe.