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Magalimoto,  Malangizo kwa oyendetsa,  nkhani,  Chipangizo chagalimoto,  Kugwiritsa ntchito makina

Kuyanjana kwa magudumu ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuwunika

Ngati mukukumana ndi mfundo yoti chiwongolero chikatsitsidwa, galimoto imakokedwa mbali, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri ndikofunikira kusintha magudumu. Ichi ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limatsimikizira chitetezo cha galimoto. Koma kupatula kugwa, pali gawo lachitatu lofunikira, koma pambuyo pake. 

Kuyimitsa magudumu ndi chiyani?

Chizindikiro ichi chikuwonetsa ngodya za mawilo, zogwirizana wina ndi mnzake, komanso mawilo a ndege pamsewu. 

Opanga magalimoto, pachitsanzo chilichonse, amapereka magawo amtundu wa magudumu amtundu uliwonse momwe kuyimitsidwa ndikuwongolera kumakhala kokwanira. 

Kuyanjana kwa magudumu ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuwunika

Ma angles a Camber amakhala ndi matanthauzo osiyanasiyana ngakhale pagalimoto yomweyo, kutengera zida zake. Galimoto ikayima kapena ikuyenda yopanda katundu mumsewu wopyapyala, mawilo amayenera kukhala olingana ndi mseu. Polemedwa, camber imapita kumbali yoyipa, chifukwa chake magalimoto akale amapangidwa ndi camber yabwino. Magalimoto amakono ali ndi camber yoyipa chifukwa ngodya izi zimakhazikika. 

Ndikuphika, palibe chomwe chasintha: poyendetsa, mawilo akutsogolo amakonda "kuchoka" panja, motero mawilo akutsogolo amayang'ana mkati. 

Chifukwa chiyani kuli kofunika kusintha mayikidwe agudumu

Gudumu likagunda pa dzenje lalikulu kapena ngakhale pangozi yaying'ono, zina zoyimitsa ndi zoyendetsa galimoto zimachoka. Zachidziwikire, kuchuluka koyerekeza kosunthika kumatengera mphamvu ya zomwe zakhudzidwa.

Camber iyenera kuchitidwa ngakhale dalaivala akuyendetsa mosamala ndipo sanachitepo ngozi. Mukapanda kusintha izi, galimotoyo ingakhale yosakhazikika. Ndipo ichi ndi nsonga chabe ya madzi oundana.

Kuyanjana kwa magudumu ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuwunika

Chowonadi ndi chakuti kutayika kwa kukhazikika kwa makina kumawonjezera ngozi mwadzidzidzi. Komanso, kuwongolera kolakwika (kapena kolakwika) kwamagudumu pagawo lowongoka la msewu kudzatsogolera galimotoyo kumbali. Kuti galimoto iyime pamsewu, dalaivala amatembenuzira chiwongolero momwe akufunira. Zotsatira zake ndizosagwirizana komanso kuwonongeka kwamatayala.

Nthawi zina, galimotoyo imakhala yosakhazikika pamsewu - imagwedezeka m'mbali, ndipo muyenera "kuigwira" nthawi zonse. Poterepa, mutha kuiwala zazomwe zidazo zimayambira, chifukwa mawilo alibe kulumikizana koyenera ndi phula. Pali milandu pamene 20 makilomita sanadutse pakati pa m'malo matayala latsopano.

Makona a magudumu amakhudza mwachindunji chitonthozo ndi chitetezo. Ngati magawowa ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi fakitale, kuyimitsidwa kudzakhala ndi moyo wake ndikuyankha molakwika pakuwongolera dalaivala. Mavuto omwe amabwera ndi kugwa kwa ngodya:

  • galimotoyo imasiya njanji, imapita kumbali, pamafunika chiwongolero chokhazikika, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimabweretsa ngozi;
  • pa liwiro lalikulu, galimoto iponya;
  • matayala ndi mbali kuyimitsidwa ukuwonjezeka;
  • Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta kumawonjezeka ndi 5-10%.

Nthawi yoyendetsera magudumu

razval555555

Kuyendetsa magudumu kuyenera kuchitika potsatira izi:

  • poyendetsa, galimotoyo imapita mbali imodzi kapena "kuponyera" mbali;
  • matayala osagwirizana;
  • pambuyo kukonza kuyimitsidwa ndi chiwongolero (m'malo a mfundo za mpira, kuchotsa ndi kukhazikitsa levers, m'malo ndodo ndi malangizo chiwongolero ndi absorbers mantha);
  • pakakhala kusakwanira kwagalimoto pamsewu (ndikayimitsidwa koyimilira kumbuyo, galimotoyo, poyendetsa molunjika, imatha "kuponyera" m'mbali).

Zimatsogolera mbali: Ndikofunika kuwonetsetsa kuti magawo oyimitsidwa omwe amakhudza magudumu oyendetsera magudumu (ndodo ndi maupangiri owongolera, zotchinga mwakachetechete, zolumikizira mpira, ma wheel wheel) akugwira ntchito bwino. 

Kutaya matayala kosafanana: Muyeneranso kudziwa ngati muli ndi zida zamagalimoto, ngati panali gudumu lamphamvu, yang'anani lever wama geometry. 

Kukonza kuyimitsidwa: Pankhaniyi, pambuyo pa kukonza kuyimitsidwa kusokoneza magudumu, komanso caster (m'malo mwa zoyeserera). Musanapite ku "kugwa", sikoyenera kuyendetsa galimoto kwa nthawi yayitali kupitirira 50 km / h, kuti mupewe kuvala kolimba komanso kosafanana kwa mphira.

Kuyendetsa magudumu

Kuyendetsa magudumu

Toe-in amatchedwa ngodya polemekezana wina ndi mzake. Ngati muyang'ana gudumu kuchokera pamwamba, ndiye kuti mtunda pakati pawo udzakhala wochepa. Posuntha, lamulo la mphamvu yotsutsa limagwira ntchito, ndikupanga mphindi yozungulira pafupi ndi axis. M'mawu osavuta - mawilo amatha kuwoneka kunja, ndipo akamabwerera - mosemphanitsa. Izi zimagwiranso ntchito pamagalimoto akumbuyo. Parameter iyi imatchedwa positive convergence. 

Kwa magalimoto oyendetsa kutsogolo, kumene magudumu amatembenuzidwira nthawi imodzi ndikuwongolera, mawilo amapita mosiyana - mkati, amatchedwa negative convergence. 

Mwa njira, kumbuyo kuyimitsidwa koyimirira, ndodo zala zala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama, zomwe zimatha kusintha. Chifukwa cha izi, kumbuyo kwa galimoto kumatha kuyendetsa, ndikuthandizira kusintha njira yolondola. 

Momwe mungakhazikitsire mawonekedwe oyendetsa magudumu molondola:

Momwe mungakhazikitsire ma angles a gudumu molondola

Musanalowetse chala chakumapazi, ziwalo zolumikizira ziyenera kuwunikidwa, mtedza wa chiwongolero udapangidwa, kukula kwake kwa lever kupita pachowongolera. Magalimoto onse oyendetsa ndi magalimoto ogulitsa olemera makilogalamu 3500 amatha kusintha zala zawo pogwiritsa ntchito kompyuta. Masiku ano, zida zofala kwambiri ndi 3D camber, yomwe imathandizira kuwulula ngodya pamlingo wapafupi. 

Galimotoyo imayikidwa poyikapo, mipherezero yapadera yolumikizidwa ndi mawilo, yomwe imayikidwa poyendetsa gudumu mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo ndi mbali. Zambiri zamakona a mawilo zimawonetsedwa pakompyuta, muyenera choyamba kusankha mtundu, mtundu ndi chaka chopangira galimotoyo kuti mukhazikitse magawo amafakitole.

The razvalchik imayamba kusintha nsonga zowongolera, kumangiriza nati kumbali imodzi kapena ina, malingana ndi malo a gudumu. Pamene pa polojekiti ngodya ya convergence limasonyeza pa wobiriwira maziko - nsonga ndi clamped, mbali iyi poyera. Opaleshoni yomweyi imachitika kumbali inayo. 

Wopanda

Wopanda

Camber ndi ngodya yomwe ili pakati pa gudumu ndi choyimirira. Kugwa kuli mitundu itatu:

  • zero - ma axles apamwamba ndi apansi a gudumu ndi ofanana;
  • zoipa - kumtunda kumatayira mkati;
  • zabwino - kumtunda kumatuluka kunja.

Zero camber imatheka galimoto ikuyenda, kupereka bata ndi yunifolomu kutsatira tayala pamwamba pamsewu. Chonyansa camber chimawonjezeka molingana ndi kulemera kwa galimotoyo, chimakhala chokhazikika, koma kuvala matayala kumawonjezeka mkatikati. Mawonekedwe abwino amapezeka pamagalimoto akale ndi mathirakitala, zolipira kufewa kwa kuyimitsidwa ndi kulemera kwa galimotoyo.

Kuyimitsidwa kwakumbuyo, ngakhale kudalira pang'ono, kumathandizanso pakukonzanso kwa camber. Mwachitsanzo, pagalimoto yoyendetsa kutsogolo kwa VAZ, ma mbale osayenerera amaperekedwa, omwe amaikidwa pakati pa mtengo ndi likulu. Pulasitiki imakankhira chitsulo chakumtunda chakumtunda, kumawonjezera bata ndikuthamanga kwambiri. Pa kuyimitsidwa kodziyimira payokha, ma levulo opatukana amaperekedwa, omwe amafunikanso kusintha. Kukhalapo kwawo kumawonjezera kutonthoza komanso chitetezo cha magalimoto.

Momwe mungakhazikitsire ma camber angles molondola:

Kuyanjana kwa magudumu ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuwunika

Kusinthaku kumachitikanso poyimilira. Chipindacho chimasinthidwa mosiyana kutengera kapangidwe koyimitsidwa, kakuti:

  • kuyimitsidwa kawiri-lever (VAZ 2101-2123, Moskvich 412, GAZ 31105) - kusintha kumapangidwa ndikuyika ma washers osiyanasiyana makulidwe pansi pa olamulira a kumtunda kapena kumunsi kwa mkono. Ndikofunikira kumasula zitsulo ziwiri za chitsulo chachitsulo, ndi kuika zochapira pakati pa mtengo ndi ekseli, kulamulira ngodya ya camber;
  • kuyimitsidwa kawiri kwa magalimoto amakono - ma eccentric bolts amaperekedwa, omwe, mozungulira, amachotsa lever kapena kulowa. Bawuti imakhala ndi zoopsa zomwe zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa kusintha;
  • kuyimitsidwa koyimirira kumbuyo kuli ndi mkono umodzi mbali imodzi yomwe imasintha ngodya izi. Monga lamulo, lever ili ndi magawo awiri, olumikizidwa ndi chitsulo cholumikizira, chifukwa chake lever imakulitsidwa kapena kufupikitsidwa;
  • MacPherson strut kutsogolo kuyimitsidwa - kusintha ndi malo a absorber mantha. Chowotcha chomangika chomangika pachiwongolero ndi mabawuti awiri. Mabowo mu rack ndi oval, chifukwa chake, bolt ikamasulidwa, chotsitsa chododometsa chimatha kukulitsidwa kapena kubwezeredwa. 

Kusintha kwa Camber kumachitika ndikulowetsamo. Izi zisanachitike, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti kuyimitsidwa kuli koyenera. Makona enieni a mawilo anayi akuwonetsedwa pakompyuta. Monga tawonera pamwambapa, pamtundu uliwonse wapansi ponyamula, kusintha kumapangidwa mosiyana: kuyika kapena kuchotsa ma washer, kusintha kozungulira, kusinthasintha ma bolt eccentric kapena kusintha kutalika kwa lever. 

Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kusintha magudumu? Zimatenga pafupifupi mphindi 30 mpaka 40 pafupipafupi, poganiza kuti mabatani onse ndi kulumikizana kwake adapangidwa.

kusintha kwa ma angles oyika

Caster ngodya. Chizindikiro ichi chimayendetsa kayendedwe kolunjika kolunjika kwa gudumu. Kuti mumvetsetse mawonekedwe a caster, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana momwe gudumu lakumaso likuyimira pachipilalacho: ngati yasunthira kumbuyo, izi zimasokoneza mawonekedwe ake, ndipo mbali ya caster iyenera kukhala yofanana pa mzere umodzi. Ndikukhazikika kolondola, kusiya gudumu kumayendetsa galimoto molunjika. Nthawi zambiri, mawonekedwe a caster amakonzedweratu ndi wopanga ndipo sangasinthidwe. Ngati magawo atapatuka, amafunikira ma absorbers amantha ndi zida zoyimitsidwa kutsogolo.

Momwe mungasankhire malo okwerera

Malo opangira mautumiki ambiri amatha kutsimikizira kuti amapereka mayikidwe apamwamba kwambiri. Komabe, ngati mbuyeyo nthawi yomweyo ayika galimoto yomwe yakonzedwa kale pamayimidwe ndikuyamba kukonza, mutha kusokoneza njirayi ndikuyang'ana malo ena othandizira.

Kuyanjana kwa magudumu ndi chiyani ndipo chifukwa chiyani muyenera kuwunika

Chowonadi ndi chakuti mawonekedwe olondola a mawilo sangakhazikitsidwe ndi kuyimitsidwa kolakwika kwa makina. Pachifukwa ichi, katswiri adzaonetsetsa kuti dongosololi likuyenda bwino. Chifukwa cha matenda, zovuta zobisika zimawululidwa zomwe zimakhudza momwe magudumu amakhalira.

Pokhapokha mbuye atazindikira kuyimitsidwa ndi chisisi, amayamba kusintha magudumu. Zigawo zogwiritsira ntchito zimakhala ndi zovuta zochepa (ndipo zina ziyenera kusowa palimodzi). Kupanda kutero, mawilo amayikidwa molakwika (ngati atakhala pa chassis yolakwika mbuye adzatha kuchita izi).

Pazifukwa izi, musanalole akatswiri kuti ayambe kupanga makina, muyenera kufotokoza ngati akuwunika kapena sakudziwika.

Ndipo nuance ina. Ngati dalaivala akuyendetsa galimoto ndi kanyumba kotsika kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti matayala ake atha kale. Izi zimachitika kuti pambuyo pokhala bwino kwambiri, galimotoyo imakhalabe yosakhazikika. Poterepa, muyenera kulabadira mtundu wa mphirawo, ndikuyika m'malo mwake watsopano.

Kuti mumve zambiri zamomwe mungagwiritsire ntchito magudumu kunyumba, onani kanema yotsatirayi:

Camber - Kutembenuka. Dzichitireni nokha njira ya agogo. Kutsika Kukugwa popanda malo okwerera

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Momwe mungayang'anire chala cha camber? Pamwamba pake, mawilo amaikidwa molunjika. Pamwamba ndi pansi pa tayala ndi chizindikiro. Pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe chowongolera chotsitsidwa kuchokera ku phiko, mtunda wopita ku zizindikiro umayesedwa. Mawilo amazungulira madigiri 90 ndipo muyeso umabwerezedwa.

Kodi kulumikiza magudumu kumafunikira chiyani? Ngati camber isinthidwa bwino, galimotoyo idzakhala yosinthika, yomwe imakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pachitetezo komanso pakusintha kwa tayala.

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani ngati gudumu silikuyenda bwino? Galimotoyo idzasiya kugwira bwino ntchito pa liwiro lapamwamba, mafuta adzawonjezeka, ndipo matayala adzawonongeka mosagwirizana.

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