Kodi ndalama yosamutsira ndi chiyani?

Ma gearbox osinthira ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limayikidwa mu ma SUV ndi magalimoto ena. Chifukwa cha iye, ma axles akutsogolo ndi akumbuyo amalumikizana wina ndi mzake, zomwe zimathandiza kuthana ndi zopinga. Kenaka, ganizirani za mapangidwe, cholinga, tiyeni tiwone momwe dispenser imagwirira ntchito.

Kodi nkhani yosamutsa galimoto ndi chiyani

Transfer gearbox - gawo lomwe limagawa torque pakati pa ma axles oyendetsa ndi oyendetsedwa, kapena ma axles angapo. Komanso, razdatka amakulolani kuzimitsa chitsulo choyendetsa, kuchepetsa ndi kuonjezera chiwerengero cha zida, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimakhala ndi kusiyana kwake, zomwe zingakhale zokhoma. Ntchito yayikulu ndikuwonjezera luso lodutsa dziko lagalimoto komwe kulibe misewu konse. 

Chifukwa chiyani galimoto yathandizidwa? 

Nkhani yosamutsira ndiyofunikira makamaka panjira. Potseketsa masiyanidwe apakati, imagwirizanitsa ma axles, ndikugawa makokedwe chimodzimodzi pama axles. Kuti ichitepo kanthu pamilatho, imagwiritsa ntchito loko kosiyanako. Razdatka yosavuta imagwira ntchito mwanjira yoti kugawa zoyesayesa kumapangidwa molingana ndi mfundo "pomwe pali katundu wambiri pagudumu". 

Pamagalimoto amasewera okhala ndi magudumu onse, inali nkhani yosamutsa yopanda chiwongolero chomwe chidayikidwapo kale, chomwe chimalumikiza ma axles awiriwo, ndikugawa makokedwe 50:50 kapena muyeso ina. M'magalimoto amakono otere, m'malo mopitilira muyeso wamagwiritsidwe pamanja, amagwiritsa ntchito "kutsanzira" ngati mawonekedwe amagetsi, omwe amadzetsa kusintha kapena kusintha kwakuthwa kwa magudumu. Pamagalimoto amphamvu, pamafunika magudumu anayi kuti agwire mwamphamvu komanso kupititsa patsogolo mwamphamvu, ndipo pokhapokha RCP ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, chitsulo chimodzi chimatha kulumikizidwa.

Chotsani chida chamlanduwu

Nkhani yaposachedwa kwambiri yosunthira pansi ili ndi izi:

• thupi lachitsulo lomwe limalumikizidwa ndi thupi kapena subframe kudzera pamakhushoni;
• shaft yoyendetsa - imatumiza torque kuchokera ku gearbox kupita kuzitsulo za cardan;
• masiyanidwe apakati, omwe amagawa makokedwe pakati pama axles;
• kusiyana loko - kumakonza makokedwe a gearbox;
• unyolo kapena zida;
• chipinda chamafuta;
• gudumu yamagiya yamagiya ochepetsera komanso cholumikizira, chomwe chimalola kuyambitsa "kutsitsa" poyenda;
• ulamuliro limagwirira (levers, servo pagalimoto, pagalimoto hayidiroliki);
• magiya kutsinde kufala makokedwe.

Wogulitsa amagwira ntchito ngati iyi:

• kuchokera pa giya yamagiya, makokedwewo amapititsidwa ku shaft yolowera ya gearbox, kenako kupita kwa iwo apakatikati chifukwa chophatikizira magiya awiri nthawi zonse;
• zida, zomwe zili pamphika wamphongo, zimasunthika, chifukwa chake ikamayenda, magudumu anayi amayatsidwa;
• magalimoto anayi amayendetsa.

Zosiyanasiyana zamapepala

Mwa mtundu wa ntchito, pali mitundu 4 ya zotumiza pamanja:

• RCP yokhala ndi ma coaxial shafts - dongosololi limagwira ntchito kwambiri, chifukwa limalola kugwiritsa ntchito kosinthira komaliza;
• ndi shaft yoyendetsedwa molakwika - imasiyanitsidwa ndi kudalirika, kusakhalapo kwa shaft ya prom, chifukwa cha kufalitsa kwa bukhuli kumakhala kophatikizika;
• ndi loko yoyendetsa - yabwino kwa msewu, komabe, padzakhala kuwonjezeka kwa matayala pamsewu chifukwa cha kutsetsereka kwa mbali imodzi ya mawilo pamene mukumakona, kupewa izi, nkhwangwa yakutsogolo imazimitsidwa;
• razdatka ndi masiyanidwe - amalola mawilo azungulire pa liwiro osiyana, kuonetsetsa chitetezo kuyenda pa msewu phula mu 4WD mode.

Mitundu ya masiyanidwe apakati

Malinga ndi kutseka, mlandu wosamutsira wagawika m'magulu angapo:

• Haldex friction multiplate clutch - imagwira ntchito yokha imodzi mwa mawilo ikatsika, pamenepa mawotchi amakakamizidwa ndipo kutsekeka pang'ono kumachitika, gawo la mphindi limasamutsidwa kumbuyo kapena kutsogolo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma SUV ndi ma SUV;
• kulumikiza viscous ndi njira yosavuta, koma yodalirika, yopangidwa ndi ma disks angapo ndi silicone fluid. Ma disks amagwirizanitsidwa ndi milatho, ndi kusiyana kwa kuzungulira kwawo, madzi amakhala owoneka bwino ndikuwagwirizanitsa, magudumu anayi amatsegulidwa. Choyipa chachikulu ndikutentha kwambiri komanso kuchitapo nthawi yake;
• Torsen - amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma SUV athunthu, pomwe magiya a nyongolotsi ali ndi udindo wotsekereza. Amatsetsereka pang'ono, koma amatumiza osapitilira 80% ya torque, kusiya 20% pa ekisi yokokedwa. 

Tumizani zowongolera

Ndi kulumikizana kolimba kwa mlatho wa Parttime, monga lamulo, pali lever yokhala ndi njira zinayi zogwirira ntchito:

• 2H - kuyendetsa kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo;
• 4H kapena 4WD - magudumu onse;
• N - osalowerera ndale, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusinthira ku downshift;
• 4L - momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito polemetsa panjira, pomwe amafunikira kuti muchepetse makokedwewo, ndikupatsanso magudumu abwinoko.

Mitundu ya Shift yokhala ndi magudumu anayi okhazikika:

• H - magudumu anayi, mphindi imagawidwa yokha kutengera katundu pa mawilo kapena ma axles;
• HL - magudumu anayi + loko yosiyana pakati;
• L0 kapena LL - zida otsika ndi kutsekereza;
• N - osalowerera ndale.

Pa ma SUV amakono, chiwongolero chosinthidwa chasinthidwa ndi washer, ndipo servo ili ndi udindo woyambitsa ma modemu, ndipo gawo loyendetsa milandu yolumikizira limathandizira kusankha njira yomwe mukufuna, kutengera zinthu zambiri.

Zovuta zazikulu

Popeza nkhani yosamutsirayi imakhala ndi katundu wambiri poyenda kwamagalimoto, zinthu zawo zimatha kutha kwambiri ngati sizisamalidwa bwino.

Nazi zolakwika zazikulu ndi zosankha pamavuto:

Wonongeka	Zimawoneka bwanji	Momwe mungasinthire
Magiya asinthidwa molakwika, mafuta pang'ono, kuvala zida	Kulira kosiyana kumamveka pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto kwambiri	Bweretsani mphamvu yamafuta, konzani kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo
Pakatikati pa bokosi losamutsira ndi bokosilo lasokonekera, kusandulika kwa ma bolts kapena ma flanges a couplings, kumangika kokhwima kwamatumba osunthira ndi kuthandizira kwa ma gearbox, kulephera kwa cholumikizira cha cardan, shaft yake ndiyosagwirizana, zomangira zomangirira zamkati zamkati zamoto zili zotayirira, kutsogolo kapena kumbuyo kwa cardan kulibe vuto, kusiyana kwapakati sikunafanane	Galimoto ikamafulumira kapena kuyamba kuyenda, kunjenjemera kumamvekera pansi (koyambitsidwa kuchokera munkhani yoyendetsa)	Dziwani chifukwa chomwe chikugwira ntchito pakadali pano; sinthanitsani ziwalozo, konzani bwino makina amathandizira, ikani magwiridwe antchito a gearbox ndi ma hand-out
Masiyanidwe masathelayiti amazungulira mwamphamvu, magiya akupanikizika pakati masiyanidwe, kuwonongeka kwa magwiridwe antchito a mapulaneti azisiyanasiyana, mbale yosiyaniranayo yatopa	Phokoso mukasunthira kapena pomwe gudumu loyendetsa likuzungulira	Sinthanitsani ziwalo zobvala, onani kusiyana kwa zida
Kusiyanitsa kumavalidwa kapena kusinthidwa molakwika pambuyo pokhazikitsa, kanyumba kapena kanyumba kanyumba kamatengedwa, foloko kapena kupindika kwa tsinde, cholembera chofufutira cholakwika chimapunduka kapena kulandidwa	Cholekanitsa masiyanidwe loko kumachitika	Onetsetsani mafuta, sinthani makinawo, sinthani magiya obvala
Kukula kwa zikopa ndi magiya pamano, kasupe wazomenyerazo wasweka kapena wataya katundu wa kasupe pama clamp, zoyendetsa zimapunduka kapena kusweka, kutaya kumapangika pamatumba kapena magiya a bokosilo, mipata yolumikizira yolumikizira idakulirakulira, kufalitsa kwa gudumu kunavalidwa kapena kusintha kwake kunaphwanyidwa	Pali kutseka kosasunthika kwa magiya	Onetsetsani ngati cholembera chosunthira chili pazinthu zakunja m'chipindacho, pezani, sinthani magiya obvala, sinthani makinawo
Zidindo zomata ndi mafuta	Mafuta akutuluka	Bwezerani gasket ndikusindikiza zida ndi zisindikizo

Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti kuwonongeka kwakukulu kumachitika chifukwa chophwanya malamulo osinthira mafuta, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika bokosi la zida. Kuphatikiza pa kukonza komwe kumachitika, ngakhale zitakhala zochepa bwanji, ndikofunikira kuwunika kumangiriza kwa ma bolts othandizira ndikupita ndi galimoto kwa katswiri kuti matenda onse athe kuchitika.

Kuphatikiza apo, za ntchito ndi zovuta zomwe zapatsidwa, onani kanemayo:

Kuwerengera zolemba za Niva Vaz 21214.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa transfer case ndi gearbox? Gearbox imayikidwa m'magalimoto onse. Wogawayo amaikidwa m'magalimoto oyendetsa magudumu anayi okha kuti athe kugawira ma traction pamodzi ndi ma axles.

Kodi ntchito ya transfer case ndi yotani? Kutengera mtundu wa magudumu onse, chotengeracho chimagawira makokedwewo pama axles ndikuchiwonjezera kuti chigonjetse mikhalidwe yapamsewu.

Kodi mlandu wosinthira wayikidwa kuti? Chombo chosinthira chimayikidwa pambuyo pa gearbox. Mphepete imatuluka mmenemo, kupita kumalo ena oyendetsa galimoto. Chotengera chosinthira mothandizidwa ndi downshift chimatha kukulitsa kukopa pa chitsulo.

Ndi mafuta amtundu wanji oti mudzaze muchotengera chosinthira? Zimatengera mtundu wa kufala. Mabaibulo amakina amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta opatsirana. Ngati kufalikira kwadzidzidzi kumayikidwa, ndiye kuti ATF imatsanuliridwa mu dispenser.