Kodi ma plunger awiri mgalimoto ndi chiyani?

Nthawi zambiri, zimango, mukamakamba zakukonza makina amafuta a dizilo, tchulani mawu oti plunger pair. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane mtundu wa limagwirira ndi, peculiarity wa ntchito yake, chifukwa chake ikufunika, ndi momwe plunger kukanika kumatsimikizidwira.

Kodi plunger ndi chiyani?

Ma plunger awiriawiri, monga momwe dzinalo limanenera, ndi magawo awiri ang'onoang'ono omwe amapita kukapopera kwamafuta (chida cha jekeseni wamafuta). Choyamba chimatchedwa plunger ndipo chimayimiridwa ngati chala chakuda, chobedwa. Chachiwiri ndi malaya opendekera ndipo chikuwoneka ngati malaya okhala ndi mipanda yolimba momwe gawo loyambalo lidalowetsedwa.

Plunger kapena pisitoni palokha imagwira ntchito ngati mafuta osunthika kuchokera pachitsamba. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kuthamanga kwambiri pamafuta opangira mafuta.

Tiyenera kudziwa kuti makinawa sagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapampu a injini za dizilo. Mwachitsanzo, chinthu chomwecho chimagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga magasi ngati ma hydraulic compensators. Komabe, momwe magwiridwe antchito amagwirira ntchito ndi ofanana - kubwezera zochita kumasuntha pisitoni, ndipo mwadzidzidzi mabala ndi mabowo azigawo ziwirizi, madzi amalowa m'mimbamo ndipo amaponyedwa pamzere waukulu.

Mfundo ya ntchito ndi mitundu

The classic plunger pair imagwira ntchito motere:

• Pistoni yodzaza masika ili pansi pa mkono;
• Pistoni imapanikizidwa ndi kamera yomwe ili pamtunda;
• Pogwiritsa ntchito makina, pisitoni imayenda m'mwamba mu manja;
• Mu danga pamwamba pa pisitoni, kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumapangidwa, komwe kumalowa m'manja mwapadera pakhoma lake;
• Kuthamanga kwa mafuta kumayendetsa valavu, chifukwa chomwe chinthucho chimachokera ku manja kupita kumalo osungira (izi zikhoza kukhala njanji yamafuta kapena chipinda chosiyana mu mpope wamafuta);
• Kuchokera mu thanki, mafuta amalowa m'mphuno;
• Shaft mu mpope imazungulira, kamera imasiya kukanikiza pisitoni, yomwe imasunthira kumunsi chifukwa cha kasupe.

Mapangidwe osavuta awa amafotokoza chifukwa chake mapampu amafuta othamanga kwambiri potengera mfundoyi ndi othandiza kwambiri komanso olimba.

Masiku ano, magalimoto awiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magalimoto (ngakhale mapangidwe a mapampu amafuta ali ndi mitundu yambiri). Amasiyana wina ndi mzake ndi kukhalapo kwa annular recess mu pisitoni.

M'mapulasi oterowo, imagwira ntchito ngati valavu yodutsa, yomwe imasonkhanitsa kutuluka kwamafuta ndikubwezeretsanso ku mzere wamafuta. Ma plungers okhala ndi mafuta odula amakhala okwera mtengo kwambiri chifukwa cha zovuta zake. Koma mtengo uwu umathetsedwa ndi kuyendetsa bwino kwa injini.

Ubwino waukulu ndi kuipa

Ma injini a dizilo akhala otchuka kuyambira pomwe adayambitsa mapampu amafuta othamanga kwambiri okhala ndi ma plunger pakupanga kwawo. Makhalidwe ochititsa chidwi aukadaulo, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba komanso kudalirika kwakukulu ndiye zabwino zazikulu zamakina omwe ali ndi plunger pair.

Kuphatikiza pa zabwino izi, plunger ili ndi zotsatirazi:

• Mothandizidwa ndi ma plungers, n'zotheka osati kuonetsetsa kuti mafuta othamanga kwambiri akupezeka komanso mlingo wake, komanso kudziwa njira yoyenera yoperekera mafuta.
• Chuma chachikulu chokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri.
• Kusamalira bwino zachilengedwe chifukwa cha kuyaka kwa kagawo kakang'ono ka mafuta ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mu masilindala.

Makina aliwonse amakhala ndi zovuta zake, ndipo pagulu la plunger izi ndizovala. Ngakhale kuti mapangidwe ophwekawa ndi odalirika kwambiri ndipo amatha kwa nthawi yaitali, zotsatira za kukangana ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu kwa zinthu za makinawo sizingathetsedwe. Opanga mapampu amafuta a plunger amagwiritsa ntchito zida zamphamvu kwambiri, koma ngakhale zili choncho, kuvala sikungapewedwe, ngakhale moyo wautali wautumiki.

Plunger awiri mpope jekeseni

Tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane ntchito za plunger pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo cha jekeseni wa pampu ya dizilo. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, pampu imapopa mafuta a dizilo kuchokera ku thanki yayikulu kupita mu mzere wothamanga (mwachitsanzo, mu njanji yamafuta), pomwe imapopera mafuta muzitsulo zamagetsi pansi povutikira kwambiri.

Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa kupanikizika koteroko ndi awiri okhawo. Kenako mafutawo amaperekedwa kuzipilala malingana ndi kapangidwe ka mafutawo. Mitundu yamapampu amafotokozedwa m'nkhani ina.

Pa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mpope, ndodo zowakankhira ndi akasupe obwereranso osunthira amasunthira pisitoni mmwamba / pansi mkati mwa malaya opopera, potero akubwezera. Chifukwa chake kapangidwe kamakoka mafuta a dizilo kudzera pama payipi kuchokera mu thanki yamafuta ndikuwapopera mu thanki yotsekedwa, chifukwa chopanikizika. Pofuna kupewa pulogalamuyi kuti isakule kwambiri, chipangizocho chili ndi mavavu angapo omwe amapangidwira kapena kutaya kukakamiza kwambiri m'dongosolo.

Pisitoni palokha ili ndi malo osagwirizana, omwe amalola kuti iwone mafuta olowa mu thankiyo ndi kusuntha pang'ono kwa axial. Izi zimadalira momwe mpweya umakhalira m'galimoto - chilolezo chocheperako ndi pomwe ma accelerator amamasulidwa, ndipo kutalika kwake ndikomwe chimakhala chodandaula kwathunthu.

Popeza kuti nthunzi imapangitsa kuthamanga kwambiri kuti isawonongeke, imapangidwa ndi chitsulo cholimba, ndipo makoma ake ndi olimba mokwanira kupirira kupanikizika kwa mahandiredi mazana angapo. Izi zimapangitsa makinawo kukhala odalirika ngakhale atakhala ndi katundu wambiri.

Chinthu china cha ma plunger ndikuti magawo onse amapangidwira okhaokha. Ndiye kuti, ndizosatheka kutenga bushing kuchokera pamakina amodzi ndi pisitoni kuchokera ku ina ndikuziphatikiza. Pofuna kupewa nthunzi kuti isalole mafuta a dizilo, kusiyana kwake kumapangidwa kocheperako momwe zingathere. Pachifukwa ichi, gawo limodzi silinasinthidwe - awiriwo amasintha nthawi zonse (magawo awo amasinthidwa pazida zapamwamba kwambiri).

Nayi kanema wamfupi momwe ma plunger abwezeretsedwera:

Ndondomeko yoyambiranso ya Zexel-KOMATSU

Mndandanda wa ma plunger awiri

Kuchuluka kwa mafuta opopera mu mkombero umodzi wa pisitoni kumadalira kutalika kwa sitiroko yake yogwira ntchito. Izi zimayendetsa magwiridwe antchito a mpope kuti zitsimikizire kutha kwachangu. Koma dalaivala akangokakamira pachinyalala chamagesi, plunger imakhotera pang'ono. Chigawo cha gawolo chikuwonjezeka, chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa mafuta kumaperekedwa mulingo wokulirapo.

Umu ndi momwe kusintha kwamphamvu kwambiri kumagwirira ntchito. Komabe, lero pali mitundu yambiri yomwe imapereka mlingo m'njira zosiyanasiyana (zomwe nthawi zambiri zimayendetsedwa ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi). Amadziponyera okhawo amatengeka ndikusinthasintha kwa crankshaft.

Pisitoni ikatsitsidwa, kudzera polowera bushing, mafuta amasunthira mkatikati mwa pisitoni pamwambapa chifukwa chazitsulo zomwe zidapangidwamo. Pisitoniyo ikangokwera, chombocho chimatsekedwa ndi thupi lolumphira, ndipo mafuta amasindikiza pa valavu, ndikutsegula. Komanso, mafuta amalowa mu thanki yothamanga. Kuyenda kotsika kumayamba, valavu imatsekedwa, ndipo chotupa (kapena vakuyumu) ​​chimapangidwa munthumba la plunger. Kuzungulira kumadzibwereza.

Mavavu kumaliseche

Pampu iliyonse yamafuta othamanga imakhala ndi mavavu othamangitsira, cholinga chake ndikutseka gawo la mzere womwe mafuta akupumulira kuchokera pomwe mafuta a dizilo amakhala atapanikizika kale. Komanso mavavu amafunikira kuti azikhala osasunthika m'dongosolo (pomwe injini ikuyenda, pampu ikupitilizabe kupopera mafuta a dizilo mu thanki) - amataya owonjezera mu thanki yamafuta.

Pali mitundu ingapo yamagetsi yotulutsira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapampu a plunger. Nazi zinthu zawo zapadera.

Valavu yama voliyumu osaletsa kubwerera kutuluka

Kupanga kwa valavuyu kumaphatikizapo pisitoni wobwezeretsanso (gawo la kapangidwe ka valavu). Pomwe plunger imakwezedwa, ma helical slot amatsekedwa ndi thupi la bushing, valavu yotulutsa imatsekedwa. Pisitoni imasunthira kumtundu wowongolera ndodo.

Pakadali pano, gawo la mzerewo lidulidwa, momwe kuthamanga kwakukulu kumapangidwa kuchokera kumtunda wa supra-plunger. Chifukwa cha izi, kuchuluka kwa mafuta mumtsuko wothamanga kwambiri kumawonjezeka mopanda tanthauzo - kokha ndi kuchuluka komwe kudalowa kudzera mu piston yobwezeretsedweratu mkatikati mwa sitiroko ya piston.

Valavu yama voliyumu okhala ndi choletsa kubwerera kubwerera

Mafutawo atatomedwa kudzera mumphako, singano itatsekedwa, kuthamanga kwa backflow kumapangidwa pamzere. Izi zimatha kubweretsa kuvala pa valavu yomwe. Pachifukwa ichi, mitundu ina yama pampu imagwiritsa ntchito valavu yochepetsera kubwerera. Imakhala ngati chonyowa kuti muchepetse kuthamanga kwakumbuyo kuti musachite ma valve.

Chipangizo cha valavu yotaya chimaphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Thupi la valavu lamangidwa (limakulungidwa mu kapangidwe ka mpope);
• Kasupe amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chotsitsa madzi chomwe chimalepheretsa kuwonongeka kwa tsamba lodziyimira lokha;
• Mbale - imadula mphako wothamanga kwambiri kuchokera m'mimbamo pamwamba pa danga;
• Chofukizira chomwe mbale ya valavu imadutsira (ili ndi mawonekedwe opanda pake - pisitoni yobereka imalowa mmimbamo).

Nthawi zambiri, mavavu awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yowonjezerera yothandizira valavu yoyendera.

Nthawi zonse kuthamanga valavu

Kuphatikiza pa zinthu zazikulu za valavu, chipangizochi chimaphatikizaponso mpira ndi njira yoletsa. Ma valve awa amatha kutulutsa zovuta zamafuta zoposa 800 bar.

Kapangidwe kake kamakhala ndimatumba awiri amkati - kuthamanga ndi kukhazikika. Choyamba chimapereka mafuta, ndipo chachiwiri chimapitirizabe kupanikizika. Ntchitoyi imalola kuti izi zizikhala zolimba pakati pa magawo a jakisoni.

Kusintha kwa valavu kumadalira magawo a injini mgalimoto. Mavavu ena samayambitsidwa ndi makina, koma ndi mbendera yomwe imachokera ku chida chowongolera zamagetsi.

Kukula ndi cholinga chogwirira ntchito

Kwenikweni, peyala ya plunger imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapampu amafuta othamanga kwambiri amagetsi a dizilo, koma palinso zosintha zamafuta a ICE omwe amafunikira kuthamanga kwamafuta ambiri (mwachitsanzo, mu injini zokhala ndi jekeseni mwachindunji), zomwe zimaperekedwanso ndi plunger. awiri.

Pankhaniyi, plunger pair imagwira ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Amapereka mafuta othamanga kwambiri, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu wa mafuta;
2. M'makina ena amafuta, makinawa amangoyesa kuchuluka kwamafuta oyenera kuti agwiritse ntchito majekeseni;
3. Chifukwa cha mapangidwe a pistoni ndi manja, amapereka kusintha kwa njira yoperekera mafuta kwa jekeseni.

Pofuna kuti plunger igwire ntchito zonsezi, imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira zina zowonjezera zomwe zimapereka zodziwikiratu komanso kuwongolera mafuta. Msonkhano waukulu wa pampu yamafuta othamanga kwambiri umapangitsa kuti pakhale kuthamanga kofunikira (chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake, makinawa amalola kuti pakhale kuthamanga kwambiri kotero kuti palibe mpope wina wa kukula uku ungathe kupirira), ndi zinthu zina zamakina omwe ali ndi udindo wogawa. ndi kusunga kupanikizika kofunikira mu dera.

Popeza plunger awiri ngakhale ang'onoang'ono akhoza kulenga kuthamanga zosaneneka, mayunitsi ntchito osati mu injini dizilo. Mwachitsanzo, msonkhano woterewu ukhoza kupezeka m'mapampu, makina a hydraulic ndi njira zina zomwe zimapanga kuthamanga kwambiri ndipo zimafuna kudalirika kwakukulu kwa msonkhano.

NKHANI ya ntchito ya plunger awiriawiri mpope mafuta

Palibe njira zapadera zothandizira mafuta ampope opopera mafuta. Komabe, mwiniwake wagalimoto amatha kuchitapo kanthu kuti makinawo azigwira ntchito nthawi yayitali.

Choyamba, nkoyenera kudziwa kuti injini ya dizilo imayendera mafuta apadera, omwe amatha kukhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a dizilo otsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti kusiyana pakati pa plunger ndi bushing kumatha kukulira chifukwa cha tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, madzi ndi zosafunika zina mu mafuta a dizilo.

Pachifukwa ichi, ntchito yokhayo yomwe mwiniwake wamagalimoto amatha kuchita ndikuwunika mafutawo, kuteteza kupuma pamzere ndikusintha fyuluta munthawi yake.

Koyamba, kupezeka kwa madontho amadzi m'mafuta a dizilo sikuwoneka kovuta kwambiri, koma chifukwa cha ichi, kanema wamafuta pagawo la plunger adzagwa, ndipo makinawo sadzatha kuyambitsa mavuto. Mafuta a dizilo amathanso kufewetsa kapangidwe ka ziwalo, popewa mikangano ikauma, komanso kuteteza chipangizocho kuti chisatenthe kwambiri.

Ngati fyuluta yamafuta sinasinthidwe munthawi yake, mawonekedwe ake amatha kuphulika Chifukwa cha ichi, mafuta akuda adzapopedwa kudzera pampopu, momwe tinthu tating'onoting'ono titha kukhalapo. Pachifukwa ichi, pali kuthekera kwakukulu kwa kulephera kwa mpope, popeza ma plunger amangopanikizana.

Momwe mungadziwire kuwonongeka kwa ma plunger awiriwa

Kukhazikika kwa gawo lamagetsi pamakina kumadalira magwiridwe antchito a plunger. Popeza makinawa ndiye chinthu chachikulu pampope, kutayika kwake kumapangitsa kuti mpope uziyenda bwino, kapena kulephera kwake.

Kuti muwone momwe pampu ikuyendera, muyenera kuwunika. Malo ogulitsa ambiri amakhala ndi zida zapadera za izi. Zimakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kusokonekera kwenikweni - ngakhale kudziwa mawonekedwe a plunger. Malinga ndi zotsatira za diagnostics, akatswiri adzapereka kukonza koyenera. Ngati plunger yalephera, zida zonse ziyenera kusinthidwa.

Zizindikiro

Zowona kuti pali zovuta ndi ma plunger zikuwonetsedwa ndi "zisonyezo" zomwe zimawonongeka pampope wamafuta. Mwa iwo:

• Kuyamba kovuta kwa chipangizocho;
• Kuthamanga kwa injini yosakhazikika;
• Maulendo atatu a injini;
• Kutaya kwakukulu kwamphamvu yamkati yoyaka;
• Pakugwira ntchito kwa injini, phokoso lakunja limamveka bwino;
• Kuchulukitsa "kususuka" kwa mota.

Kuwunika kowonjezera kumawunika kusiyana pakati pa mayeso ozizira komanso otentha:

Dizilo amayamba kuzizira. Ndipo sichingayambe kutentha. dizilo plunger awiri.

Kuti muwonetsetse kuti plunger ili yolakwika, munthu sayenera kuwunika pazowunikira. Ndi akatswiri okhawo omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera omwe amatha kudziwa molondola kuwonongeka. Chifukwa cha izi, mtengo wokonza udzakhala wolungamitsidwa - simusowa kusintha magawo omwe adzagwire ntchito kwanthawi yayitali.

Kanema pa mutuwo

Kanemayu akuwonetsa momwe mungabwezeretsere awiri a plunger:

Plunger awiri VRZ 149701-0520 Rotor Head Mitsubishi 4M41 adapezanso plunger pair

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi gulu la plunger limachita chiyani? Plunger pair imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapampu amafuta othamanga kwambiri. Chipangizochi chidzapereka mphamvu yapamwamba kwambiri yoperekera mafuta abwino ku ma cylinders.

Kodi misonkhano ya plunger ndi chiyani? Ichi ndiye chinthu chachikulu cha mapampu a jakisoni, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu injini za dizilo. Zimasiyanitsidwa ndi kuphweka kwake kochititsa chidwi, kukhazikika komanso kudalirika.

Ndi chiyani chomwe chikuphatikizidwa mu Plunger Pair? Awiriwa ali ndi pisitoni yomwe ili mumtambo wokhuthala (silinda). Pali chilolezo chochepa pakati pawo kuti atsimikizire kuyenda kwaulere kwa pistoni.