Flywheel: ngakhale ntchito yodalirika ya injini

Injini yoyaka mkati imakhalabe yamagetsi yamagetsi yothandiza kwambiri. Ndi gawo ili, mutha kuyenda mtunda uliwonse ndikusangalala ndi ulendowu osagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yochulukirapo kuthira mafuta mu thanki yamafuta.

Komabe, kuti ayambe kuyendetsa galimoto ndikuonetsetsa kuti ikuyenda bwino, iyenera kukhala ndi gawo lapadera. Iyi ndiye ntchentche. Ganizirani chifukwa chake pamafunika pamoto, ndi mitundu iti ya mawilo oyenda, komanso momwe mungaigwiritsire ntchito moyenera kuti isagwe msanga.

Kodi injini yamagalimoto yamagalimoto ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, injini yoyendetsa ndege ndi chimbale cha mano. Amamangiriridwa kumapeto ena a crankshaft. Gawo ili limalumikiza mota ndikutumiza kwagalimoto. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti makokedwewo akuyendetsedwa bwino ku liwiro loyenera la gearbox, dengu loyikapo limayikidwa pakati pa makinawo. Imakanikiza chimbale chomenyera motsutsana ndi zida zamawuluka, zomwe zimalola kuti makokedwe azitha kufalikira kuchokera ku mota kupita ku shaft yamagiya oyendetsa.

Mfundo za injini ya flywheel

Fluwheel imakhazikika ku crankshaft moyandikira kwambiri. Kutengera kapangidwe ka disc, imathandizira kugwedezeka pakasinthidwe kazitsulo kakang'ono. Ma flywheel amakono ambiri amakhala ndi makina am'masika, omwe amakhala ochepetsa injini ikagwedezeka.

Injini ikapuma, mawilowo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupendekera chidacho. Pachifukwa ichi, imagwira ntchito poyambira poyambira magalimoto akale (cholembera choyikacho chidayikidwa mu bowo lapadera mu injini, zomwe zidalola kuti dalaivala agwedeze crankshaft ndikuyamba injini yoyaka mkati).

Mapangidwe a Flywheel

Ma flywheel ambiri samakhala ovuta kapangidwe kake. M'magalimoto ambiri, ichi ndi chimbale cholimba, cholemera chokhala ndi mano kumapeto. Amalumikizidwa ndi crankshaft end flange ndi ma bolts.

Ndi mphamvu mphamvu mayunitsi ndi kuwonjezeka pa liwiro lawo pazipita, kunali kofunika kuti apange mbali amakono kuti kale kapangidwe zovuta. Amatha kutchedwa kuti damper limagwirira ntchito, osati gawo wamba.

Udindo ndi malo a flywheel mu injini

Kutengera kapangidwe kake, kuwonjezera pa zoyendetsa pagalimoto, flywheel ili ndi maudindo ena:

• Kutonthoza kunjenjemera ndi kusinthasintha kosagwirizana. Opanga amayesetsa kugawira nthawi ya sitiroko muzitsulo zamagetsi zamkati zamkati kuti crankshaft izizungulira mopepuka. Ngakhale izi, kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kumakhalapobe (ma pistoni ochepa pamoto, kuwomba kumveka bwino). Chokulumikiza chamakono chikuyenera kunyowetsa kugunda koteroko momwe zingatetezere kuvala kwama gearbox mwachangu. Pachifukwa ichi, kapangidwe kake kali ndi akasupe angapo owuma mosiyanasiyana. Amapereka kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu ngakhale atagwiranso ntchito mwadzidzidzi.
• Kutumiza kwa makokedwe kuchokera pagalimoto kupita kutsinde loyendetsa. Njirayi imatsimikiziridwa ndi dengu lotsekemera. M'kati mwake, disk yoyendetsedwa imayikidwa mwamphamvu pamtunda wokhathamira wa flywheel pogwiritsa ntchito makina.
• Amapereka kusamutsa kwa makokedwe kuyambira poyambira kupita pa crankshaft poyambitsa injini. Pachifukwa ichi, korona wa flywheel amakhala ndi mano omwe amachita zida zoyambira.
• Zosintha za Damper zimapereka mphamvu zosavomerezeka kuti zitheke makina osunthira. Izi zimapangitsa ma pistoni kuti azitha kuchoka pakati pakufa (pamwamba kapena pansi).

Ma flywheels nthawi zambiri amakhala olemera mokwanira kuti amatha kusunga mphamvu zochepa zamagetsi pamene silinda ikukulirakulira. Izi zimabwezeretsanso mphamvuyi ku crankshaft, potero imathandizira kugwira ntchito kwa zikwapu zina zitatuzo (kudya, kupanikizika ndi kumasulidwa).

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamawuluka

Monga tanenera kale, mu magalimoto akale a flywheel amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka, chomwe pamapeto pake chidakanikizidwa mphete yamagetsi. Ndikukula kwamakampani opanga magalimoto komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi, mawotchi atsopano apangidwa omwe amasiyana mosiyana ndi anzawo.

Mwa mitundu yonse, itatu imasiyanitsidwa:

• Misa imodzi;
• Wapawiri-misa;
• Opepuka.

Mawulendo angapo osakwatiwa

Makina ambiri oyaka mkati amakhala ndi mtundu wamtunduwu wamasinthidwe amtundu wa flywheel. Zambiri mwazigawozi ndizopangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena chitsulo. Pali bowo lalikulu pomwe limalumikizidwa ndi crankshaft shank, ndipo mabowo okwera a mabatani omwe amapangidwira amapangidwa munyumba yozungulira. Ndi chithandizo chawo, gawolo lakhazikika pa flange pafupi ndi chonyamulira chachikulu.

Kunja pali nsanja yolumikizira mbale yolumikizira (pamwamba pamikangano). Korona kumapeto kwa gawoli amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha injini ikayamba.

Pakukonzekera kwa fakitole, ma disc otere amakhala oyenera kuti athetse kugwedezeka kowonjezera pakagwiritsidwe ntchito ka makinawo. Kulinganiza kumakwaniritsidwa pochotsa gawo lazitsulo pamwamba pa gawolo (nthawi zambiri koboola kofananira kamabowolamo).

Mawuluka awuluka awiri

Flywheel yapawiri-misa kapena yolimba ndiyovuta kwambiri. Wopanga aliyense amayesetsa kukonza magwiridwe antchito amtunduwu, omwe angapangitse mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Zinthu zazikuluzikulu munjira izi ndi izi:

• Diski yoyendetsedwa. Mphete ya mano amakhala nayo.
• Diski yoyamba. Amamangiriridwa ndi crankshaft flange.
• Zoyipa zazing'ono zomwe zimasokoneza. Zili pakati pa zimbale ziwiri ndipo zimapangidwa ngati akasupe azitsulo olimba mosiyanasiyana.
• Zida. Zinthu izi zimayikidwa m'mawuluka ovuta kwambiri. Amagwira ntchito ngati magiya apulaneti.

Zosinthazi ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri kuposa ma flywheels olimba. Komabe, zimapangitsa kufalitsa kukhala kosavuta kuyendetsa (kupereka kusalala kopitilira muyeso) ndikupewa kuvala chifukwa chonjenjemera ndi kugwedera poyendetsa.

Mawuluka opepuka

Flightwheel yopepuka ndi mtundu umodzi wofanana. Kusiyana kokha pakati pa magawo awa ndi mawonekedwe awo. Pofuna kuchepetsa kulemera, fakitaleyo imachotsa chitsulo china pamwamba penipeni pa disc.

Mawotchi oterewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza magalimoto. Chifukwa cha kulemera kwa disc, zimakhala zosavuta kuti mota ifike pazambiri. Komabe, kusinthaku kumachitika nthawi zonse molumikizana ndi zovuta zina ndi injini ndi kufalitsa.

Nthawi zambiri, zinthu ngati izi sizinayikidwe, chifukwa zimasokoneza pang'ono magwiridwe antchito. Pa liwiro lalitali izi sizowonekera kwambiri, koma pamawiro ochepa, mavuto akulu ndi zovuta zimatha kuchitika.

Ntchito ya Flywheel komanso zovuta zina

Kwakukulukulu, flywheel ndi imodzi mwazinthu zodalirika kwambiri zama injini. Nthawi zambiri, zida zake zogwirira ntchito zimakhala zofanana ndi zamagetsi. Kutengera zomwe zimapangidwa komanso zopangidwa, magawo awa amasamalira makilomita 350 kapena kupitilira apo.

Gawo lovuta kwambiri la flywheel ndi mano azida. Gwero la chinthu ichi chimadalira thanzi la sitata. Dzino chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito poyambira nthawi zambiri limatha kapena kutha. Ngati kuwonongeka komweku kumachitika, ndiye kuti mutha kugula korona watsopano ndikuyiyika m'malo yakale. Pankhaniyi, chimbale chonsecho chiyenera kuchotsedwa mu injini, ndipo chikakonzedwa, chimayikidwanso, chongogwiritsa ntchito ma bolts atsopano.

Chinthu china chofala cha flywheel ndikutentha kwa mkangano pamwamba. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pakagwiridwe kake kosayenera ka galimoto komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi kuphwanya malamulo osunthira zida (mwachitsanzo, chowombera sichimakhumudwa kwambiri).

Kutenthedwa kwambiri kumatha kupangitsa kuti disk iwonongeke. Chimodzi mwazizindikiro za kulephera kotereku ndikutuluka kwanthawi zonse kwa clutch mu rev ​​rev. Imaphatikizidwanso ndi kugwedera kwamphamvu. Ngati dalaivala awotcha chomenyera ndikuchikonza china chatsopano nthawi yomweyo, palibe chifukwa chosinthira mawilo.

Mitundu yamagulu awiri imalephera pafupipafupi, popeza pamakhala zina zowonjezera pakupanga kwawo. Kasupe amatha kuphulika, kutulutsa mafuta, kapena kulephera (izi ndizosowa kwambiri, koma zimapezeka pamndandandawu).

Chifukwa china chowvaliramo mawotchi ndikumangika m'malo mwadzidzidzi kwa clutch friction disc. Poterepa, ma rivets azikanda pamwamba pa gawolo, zomwe zotsatira zake sizingathetsedwe, pokhapokha ndikulowetsa gawolo.

Ndondomeko yoyendetsa imathanso kukhudza moyo wa flywheel. Mwachitsanzo, ngati dalaivala akuyendetsa galimoto pamtunda wothamanga pamtunda wautali, kugwedezeka kuchokera ku unit kumawonjezeka, komwe kumatha kuwononga zomwe zikukwera pamagetsi. Ena ziziyenda kuyamba ndi kuimitsa injini popanda kukhumudwitsa ngo zowalamulira.

The flywheel satumikiridwa payokha. Kwenikweni, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa clutch. Poterepa, kuwunika kowoneka kwa gawolo kumachitika. Ngati palibe zolakwika, palibe chomwe chimachitika. Ngati phokoso likumveka, ndiye kuti nkofunikira kukokera galimotoyo kumalo operekera chithandizo kuti chimbale chotsutsana chokha chisakande pamwamba pa flywheel.

Kodi flywheel ingakonzedwe ndikukonzanso?

Funso ili nthawi zambiri limakhudza maulendo awiri apamtunda. Ngati kusintha kosalephera kwalephera, kumangosinthidwa kukhala kwatsopano. Gawo wamba silotsika mtengo kwambiri kufunsa funso lotere.

Komabe, zosintha pamtengo wokwera mtengo nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa malingaliro ofanana. Akatswiri ena amapera mkangano kuti achotse zokopa zilizonse zomwe zachitika ndi clutch disc. Nthawi zambiri, kukonza kotere sikubweretsa zomwe mukufuna. Kuphulika kopyapyala kochokera pamitengo yayikulu kumatha kuphulika, komwe sikudzangotengera kusintha kwa flywheel, komanso kukonza kwa clutch.

Mashopu ena ogwirira ntchito limodzi amapereka zokonzanso mawilo amtengo wapatali pamtengo wotsika. Komabe, iyi ndi njira ina yokayikitsa. Chowonadi ndi chakuti kupatula korona, palibe gawo limodzi la flywheel lomwe limagulitsidwa padera. Pachifukwa ichi, ntchito "yobwezeretsa" yotere ndiyokayikitsa.

Pomaliza, Dziwani kuti ndi ntchito mosamalitsa zowalamulira ndi kuyeza kalembedwe galimoto, sipadzakhala mavuto ndi flywheel lapansi. Ngati makina sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri, ndiye kuti mungaganize zokhazikitsa damper flywheel. Nthawi zina, ma analogu olimba adzakhala odalirika kwambiri.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi cholinga cha flywheel mu injini yoyaka mkati ndi chiyani? Disk iyi, yomwe imayikidwa pa crankshaft, imapereka mphamvu zopanda mphamvu (zosasinthasintha kusinthasintha kwa tsinde), zimapangitsa kuti injini iyambe (korona kumapeto) ndikutumiza torque ku gearbox.

Kodi flywheel yagalimoto ndi chiyani? Ichi ndi disk yomwe imamangiriridwa ku crankshaft ya injini. Kutengera kusinthidwa, flywheel ikhoza kukhala imodzi yokha (dimba yolimba) kapena yapawiri (magawo awiri okhala ndi akasupe pakati pawo).

Kodi ntchentche imatha nthawi yayitali bwanji? Zimatengera momwe magalimoto amagwirira ntchito. A single-mass nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito ngati injini yoyaka mkati yokha. Mitundu iwiriyi imasamalira pafupifupi makilomita 150-200 zikwi.