Kodi crankcase m'galimoto ndi chiyani?

Crankcase ndi gawo limodzi lama injini oyaka mkati. Popanda zinthu izi zomangamanga, ntchito yake ndi yosatheka. Kuchokera pamwambapa, muphunzira za cholinga cha injini ya crankcase, mitundu yanji yazitsulo, ndi momwe mungasamalire ndikukonzanso.

Kodi crankcase ndi chiyani?

Chidutswa cha galimoto ndi gawo limodzi lamagalimoto. Imaikidwa pansi pamiyala yamphamvu. Chovala chowongolera chimayikidwa pakati pazinthu zathupi. Kuphatikiza pa injini, chinthuchi chimakhalanso ndi ma gearbox, ma gearbox, chitsulo chakumbuyo ndi zina zamagalimoto zomwe zimafunikira mafuta nthawi zonse.

Zimavomerezedwa kuti crankcase ndi nkhokwe yomwe ili ndi mafuta. Ponena za mota, izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri. Ponena za nyumba zotumizira, sikuti ndi poto wokha wamafuta, koma thupi lonse la makinawo ndi zotulutsira zonse zofunika, kudzaza ndi kukonza mabowo. Malingana ndi cholinga cha chidebecho, amatsanulira mafuta apadera, oyenera gawo linalake.

Mbiri ya maonekedwe

Kwa nthawi yoyamba lingaliro lomwe lidafotokozedwaku lidawonekera mu 1889. Mhandisi H. Carter adapanga dziwe laling'ono lomwe munali mafuta amafuta amtundu wa njinga.

Kuphatikiza apo, gawolo lidalepheretsa zinthu zakunja kulowa pakati pa mano othyoka ndi maulalo amtunduwu. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, lingaliro ili lidasamukira kudziko lamagalimoto.

Cholinga ndi ntchito ya crankcase

Ntchito yayikulu yama crankcases ndikukhazikitsa njira zosunthira zomwe zimafunikira mafuta ambiri. Chotsekeracho chimakhala ndi chopukutira chopopera, mpope wamafuta, shafts (omwe ma mota amagwiritsa ntchito njirazi ndi chifukwa chake amafunikira, werengani nkhani yapadera) ndi zinthu zina zofunika pakampani yamagetsi.

Nyumba zonyamulirazo zimakhala ndi shafts ndi magiya onse omwe amapatsira makokedwe kuchokera ku injini yamagudumu kupita kumayendedwe oyendetsa. Magawo awa amakhala ndi nkhawa nthawi zonse, chifukwa chake amafunikiranso mafuta ambiri.

Kuphatikiza pa mafuta, crankcase imagwiranso ntchito zina zofunika:

• Unit kuzirala. Chifukwa cha magawo azungulira, malo olumikizirana amakhala otentha kwambiri. Kutentha kwa mafuta mumtsuko kumakweranso pang'onopang'ono. Kuti isatenthe kwambiri komanso isatayike, imayenera kuzirala. Ntchitoyi imagwiridwa ndi dziwe lomwe limalumikizana nthawi zonse ndi mpweya wabwino. Galimoto ikamayenda, mayendedwewo amawonjezeka ndipo makinawo amazizira bwino.
• Imateteza magawo amakina. Crankcase ya injini ndi gearbox imapangidwa ndi chitsulo cholimba. Chifukwa cha izi, ngakhale woyendetsa galimoto samatchera khutu pamsewu, gawoli limatha kuteteza pampu yamafuta ndi shaft yokhotakhota kuchokera ku mapindikidwe pazovuta. Kwenikweni, amapangidwa ndi chitsulo, chomwe chimapindika pakukhudzidwa, koma sichiphulika (zonse zimatengera mphamvu ya zomwe zakhudzidwa, chifukwa chake muyenera kukhala osamala mukamayendetsa mabampu).
• Pankhani yopezera nyumba, amalola kuti shafti ndi magiya aziikidwe munjira imodzi ndikukonzekera chimango chamakina.

Kapangidwe ka crankcase

Popeza crankcase ndi gawo la nyumba yamagalimoto (kapena gearbox), kapangidwe kake kamadalira mawonekedwe am'magawo omwe amagwiritsidwira ntchito.

Pansi pake pamatchedwa phukusi. Amapangidwa makamaka kuchokera ku zotayidwa za aluminium kapena chitsulo chosindikizidwa. Izi zimamupangitsa kuti apirire zikwapu zazikulu. Pulagi wamafuta amaikidwa pamalo otsika kwambiri. Izi ndi bawuti yaying'ono yomwe siyimasulidwa posintha mafuta ndipo imatha kuchotsa mafuta onse mu injini. Chida chofananira chimakhala ndi bokosi la crankcase.

Kuti makoma a gawolo athe kupirira katundu wochulukirapo panthawi yamagalimoto, amakhala ndi zolimba mkati. Pofuna kupewa kutayikira kwamafuta pamakina amtundu wamafuta, ma gland osindikizidwa amaikidwa pamipando (chisindikizo cham'mbuyomu chimakhala chachikulu kuposa chakumbuyo, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimalephera).

Amapereka chisindikizo chabwino ngakhale kukakamizidwa kuthamanga. Zigawozi zimathandizanso kuti ma particles akunja asalowe munjira. Zitsulozo ndizokhazikika munyumba yomwe ili ndi zokutira zapadera ndi ma bolts (kapena ma Stud).

Chipangizo cha crankcase

Chipangizochi chimaphatikizaponso njira zopangira mafuta, chifukwa chake mafutawo amalowa mu sump, momwe amazizirirapo kenako nkuyamwa pampu. Pogwiritsira ntchito makina opangira tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'ono tomwe timatha kulowa mu mafuta.

Kuti zisawononge mpope komanso musagwere pamalo olumikizirana makinawo, maginito amaikidwa pakhoma la magalimoto ena. M'mitundu ina yamagalimoto, pamakhalanso mauna azitsulo omwe amasanja tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndikuwalepheretsa kukhazikika pansi pa sump.

Kuphatikiza apo, crankcase ili ndi mpweya. Mpweya wamafuta umasonkhana mkati mwa nyumbayo, ndipo gawo lina la mpweya wotulutsa utsi kuchokera pamwamba pa injini umalowamo. Kusakanikirana kwa mipweya imeneyi kumawononga mafuta, chifukwa kumataya mafuta. Kuchotsa mpweya wophulika, chivundikiro chamutu wamphamvu chimakhala ndi chubu chochepa chomwe chimalumikizidwa ndi carburetor kapena chimapita ku fyuluta yamlengalenga.

Wopanga aliyense amagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe kake kuti achotse mpweya wama crankcase mu injini. Pamagalimoto ena, makina oyatsira mafuta amakhala ndi olekanitsa apadera omwe amayeretsa mpweya wa crankcase kuchokera kumafinya amafuta. Izi zimalepheretsa kuipitsidwa kwa mipweya yomwe imatulutsa mpweya woipa.

Mitundu ya crankcase

Lero pali mitundu iwiri ya ma crankcases:

• Sump yachikale yachikale. Mmenemo, mafutawo ali pachitsa. Akatha kuthira mafuta, amayenda mumtsinjewo, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo amayamwa ndi mpope wamafuta.
• Sump youma. Kusinthidwa kumeneku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'magalimoto amasewera ndi ma SUV athunthu. M'makina oterewa, pali mafuta ena owonjezera, omwe amawonjezeranso pogwiritsa ntchito mapampu. Pofuna kupewa mafuta kuti asatenthedwe, makinawa amakhala ndi mafuta ozizira.

Magalimoto ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito crankcase wamba. Komabe, chifukwa cha injini zoyaka mkati mwa stroke ziwiri ndi zinayi, ma crankcases awo apangidwa.

Mikwingwirima iwiri ya injini

Mu injini yamtunduwu, crankcase imagwiritsidwa ntchito kukakamiza kusakaniza kwamafuta a mpweya. Pamene pisitoni ichita kupwetekedwa mtima, khomo lolowera limatsegulidwa (mu injini zamakono zamakono, ma valve olowetsa amaikidwa, koma muzosintha zakale, doko limatsegula / kutseka ndi pisitoni yokha pamene ikuyenda mu silinda), ndi yatsopano. gawo la osakaniza amalowa pansi pisitoni danga.

Pamene pisitoni imapanga sitiroko, imakanikiza mpweya / mafuta osakaniza pansi pake. Chifukwa cha izi, kusakaniza pansi pa kupanikizika kumadyetsedwa mu silinda. Kuti njirayi ichitike popanda kubwezeretsa mafuta ku dongosolo la mafuta, injini zamakono zamakono ziwiri zimakhala ndi valve yodutsa.

Pachifukwa ichi, crankcase ya injini yotereyi iyenera kusindikizidwa ndipo valavu yolowetsa iyenera kukhalapo pamapangidwe ake. Palibe kusamba kwamafuta mumtundu woterewu. Zigawo zonse zimatenthedwa ndikuwonjezera mafuta kumafuta. Choncho, injini ziwiri sitiroko nthawi zonse amafuna kuwonjezeredwa mafuta injini nthawi zonse.

Injini yokhala ndi mikwingwirima inayi

Mosiyana ndi injini yapitayi, mu injini yoyaka mkati mwa sitiroko inayi, crankcase imasiyanitsidwa ndi dongosolo lamafuta. Ngati mafuta alowa mumafuta, izi zikuwonetsa kale kuwonongeka kwa gawo lamagetsi.

Ntchito yayikulu ya crankcase yokhala ndi mikwingwirima inayi ndikusunga mafuta a injini. Mafuta akaperekedwa kumadera onse a unit, amayenda kudzera munjira zoyenera kulowa m'malo opindika mpaka pa crankcase (gawo lotsikirapo la silinda). Apa, mafuta amatsukidwa ndi tchipisi tachitsulo ndi ma deposits exfoliated, ngati alipo, komanso atakhazikika.

Pamalo otsika kwambiri a sump, kulowetsedwa kwamafuta kwa injini yopangira mafuta kumayikidwa. Kupyolera mu chinthu ichi, pampu yamafuta imayamwa mafuta ndipo, pansi pa kupanikizika, imaperekanso mbali zonse za unit. Kuti ma counterweights a crankshaft asatulutse thovu lamafuta, mtunda wina umasungidwa kuchokera pagalasi kupita kumalo otsika kwambiri a magawo awa.

Boxer crankcase

Boxer motor (kapena boxer) ili ndi mapangidwe apadera, ndipo crankcase yake ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimadalira kulimba kwa dongosolo lonse lamoto. Ma motors oterowo amayikidwa makamaka m'magalimoto amasewera, chifukwa magalimoto otere chinsinsi ndi kutalika kwa thupi. Chifukwa cha izi, pakati pa mphamvu yokoka ya galimoto yamasewera ndi pafupi ndi pansi momwe zingathere, zomwe zimawonjezera kukhazikika kwa galimoto yopepuka.

Mafuta mu boxer motor amasungidwanso mu sump yosiyana, ndipo pampu imapereka mafuta kumadera onse a unit kudzera munjira za crankcase.

Mitundu ya zomangamanga ndi zinthu

Crankcase imapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zomwezo ngati cylinder block. Popeza gawoli limakhalanso ndi vuto la kutentha ndi makina, limapangidwa ndi chitsulo. Muzoyendera zamakono ndi aluminiyamu alloy. Poyamba, chitsulo chosungunuka chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mumitundu yambiri yamagalimoto, poto yamafuta imatchedwa crankcase. Koma pali zosinthidwa zomwe zili mbali ya nyumba za silinda. Ma crankcase ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zowuma kuti zithandizire gawolo kuti lipirire kukhudzidwa kuchokera pansipa.

Mbali crankcase injini ziwiri sitiroko

Mu injini ya sitiroko inayi, crankcase imangokhala ndi mafuta okhaokha. Mukusintha kotere, mafuta samalowa mkatikati mwa chipinda chogwirira ntchito cha injini yoyaka yamkati, chifukwa chake utsi umatsuka kwambiri kuposa ma injini a stroko awiri. Dongosolo lamagetsi lamagetsi oterowo lidzakhala ndi chosinthira chothandizira.

Chipangizo cha Motors awiri sitiroko amasiyana ndi kusinthidwa yapita. Mwa iwo, crankcase imagwira gawo limodzi pakukonzekera ndikupereka mafuta osakaniza ndi mpweya. Magalimoto amenewa alibe poto yamafuta ayi. Poterepa, mafuta amaphatikizidwira mwachindunji ku mafuta. Kuchokera apa, zinthu zambiri zama injini oyaka moto oyenda mkati mwanjira ziwiri zimatha kulephera. Mwachitsanzo, makandulo amafunika kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.

Kusiyanasiyana kwama injini opha ziwalo ziwiri ndi zinayi

Kuti mumvetse kusiyana pakati pama crankcases a injini ziwiri zama stroke ndi zinayi, munthu ayenera kukumbukira kusiyana pakati pa mayunitsi omwewo.

Mu injini yoyaka yamkati yamatenda awiri, gawo lina la thupi limagwira gawo la mafuta. Mkati mwake, mpweya umasakanizidwa ndi mafuta ndikulowetsa muzipilala. Mu chipinda choterocho, palibe crankcase yapadera yomwe ingakhale ndi sump yamafuta. Mafuta a injini amawonjezeredwa mu mafuta kuti azipaka mafuta.

Pali magawo ambiri mu injini yamaoko anayi yomwe imafunikira mafuta. Komanso, ambiri aiwo samakumana ndi mafuta. Pachifukwa ichi, mafuta ambiri ayenera kuperekedwa.

Kodi sump youma ndi chiyani

Nkhani yapadera imatha kusiyanitsidwa pokhudzana ndi sump youma. Koma, mwachidule, mbali ya chida chawo ndi kupezeka kwa posungira kwina kwamafuta. Kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, amaikidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana a injini. Nthawi zambiri imapezeka pafupi ndi mota kapena mwachindunji, pokhapokha m'chigawo chimodzi.

Kusinthidwa koteroko kumakhalanso ndi sump, koma mafuta okhawo sanasungidwemo, koma amatulutsidwa pampu posungira. Njirayi ndiyofunikira, chifukwa pama mota othamanga kwambiri mafuta nthawi zambiri amatuluka thovu (chopukutira pankhaniyi chimagwira ngati chosakanizira).

Ma SUV nthawi zambiri amapambana maulendowa. Pamphindi yayikulu, mafuta omwe ali pachitsulocho amasunthira mbali ndikuwonetsa chitoliro cha pampu, chomwe chimatha kuyambitsa njala yamafuta.

Pofuna kupewa vutoli, makina owumawo amapatsa mafuta pamadzi osungira pamwamba pa injini.

Crankcase malfunctions

Popeza crankcase sichimakhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi kuzungulira kwa crankshaft kapena magwiridwe antchito ena a injini, chinthu ichi cha injini yoyaka mkati chimakhala ndi moyo wautali kwambiri wogwira ntchito. Pakhoza kukhala zovuta ziwiri zokha mu crankcase:

1. Kuwonongeka kwa pallet. Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti mafuta mu injini amakhetsa chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka. Chifukwa chake, poto yamafuta ili pamalo otsika kwambiri a injini yoyaka mkati. Ngati galimoto ikuyendetsa mumsewu wovuta, ndipo malo ake apansi ndi otsika kwambiri kwa misewu yotereyi, ndiye kuti pali mwayi waukulu kuti mphasa idzagunda pamsewu. Itha kukhala chulu panjira yafumbi, mwala wawukulu, kapena dzenje lakuya lomwe lili ndi mbali zakuthwa. Ngati sump yawonongeka, mafutawo amatsika pang'onopang'ono pamsewu. Ngati galimotoyo ili ndi sump youma, ndiye kuti ikawomba mwamphamvu, m'pofunika kuzimitsa injini ndikuyesera kukonza dzenje. Mumitundu yokhala ndi crankcase yapamwamba, mafuta onse amatuluka. Choncho, pakawonongeka, ndikofunikira kulowetsa chidebe choyera pansi pa makina, makamaka ngati mafuta asinthidwa kumene.
2. Chovala cha crankcase gasket. Chifukwa cha kutayikira, injini imatha kutaya mafuta pang'onopang'ono chifukwa cha smudges. Mugalimoto iliyonse, kufunika kosintha gasket kumachitika pakapita nthawi yosiyana. Chifukwa chake, mwiniwake wagalimoto ayenera kuyang'anira kuwonekera kwa kutayikira ndikusintha chisindikizocho munthawi yake.

Kukonza, kukonza ndikusintha ma crankcases

Kuphulika kwa matumba ndikosowa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri, mphasa yake imavutika. Galimoto ikayenda pamavuto akulu, pansi pake pamatha kugunda mwala wakuthwa. Pankhani ya sump, izi zithandizira kuti mafuta achepetse.

Woyendetsa akapanda kulabadira zomwe zakhudzidwa, mota wake umakhala ndi katundu wochulukirapo chifukwa cha njala yamafuta ndipo pamapeto pake amawonongeka. Ngati poto wapanga poto, ndiye kuti mutha kuyeserera. Zitsulo zimakonzedwa ndi magetsi kapena mpweya wamba, ndipo zotayidwa pokhapokha ndi kuwotcherera kwa argon. Sizachilendo kupeza zotchinga zapadera m'masitolo, koma zimakhala zofunikira mpaka nthawi ina.

Kusintha mphasa si ntchito yovuta chonchi. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kutsitsa mafuta akale (ngati onse sanatuluke mu dzenje), tulutsani ma bolt omwe akukwera ndikuyika sump yatsopano. The gasket ayeneranso m'malo ndi gawo latsopano.

Pofuna kuchepetsa mwayi wobowola poto wamafuta, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chachitsulo. Ikuphatikizidwa ndi mamembala am'mbali pansi pa galimotoyo. Musanagule chitetezo choterocho, muyenera kumvetsera mipata yake. Zosintha zina zimakhala ndi mabowo ofanana omwe amalola kusintha mafuta mu injini kapena m'bokosi osachotsa chitetezo.

Kuwonongeka kwakanthawi

Popeza crankcase imagwira ntchito yoteteza ndikuthandizira, palibe choti mungaphwanye. Zolephera zazikulu za gawo ili la mota ndi izi:

• Mawotchi kuwonongeka chifukwa cha zovuta mukamayendetsa pagalimoto. Chifukwa cha izi ndi komwe kumakhala chinthuchi. Ili pafupi kwambiri ndi nthaka, kotero pali kuthekera kwakukulu kuti idzagwira mwala wakuthwa ngati galimoto ili ndi chilolezo chochepa (kuti mumve zambiri za gawo ili lagalimoto, onani kubwereza kwina);
• Kutha kwa ulusi wazikhomo zomangiriza chifukwa cha makokedwe olakwika;
• Valani zida za gasket.

Mosasamala kanthu za kuwonongeka kwa crankcase, izi zipangitsa kuti galimoto itaye mafuta opangira mafuta. Galimoto ikagwa ndi njala yamafuta kapena itaya mafuta ochulukirapo, imawononga kwambiri.

Pofuna kupewa kuswa ulusi wokwera, mota uyenera kukonzedwa ndi katswiri yemwe ali ndi chida choyenera. Kuthetsa kutulutsa kudzera mu gasket kumachitika posintha chinthuchi ndi chatsopano.

Chitetezo cha crankcase

Mukamayendetsa m'misewu yadothi kapena mabampu, pali ngozi yoti mugunde chinthu chakuthwa chotuluka pansi (monga mwala). Nthawi zambiri nkhonya zimagwera ndendende poto wamafuta. Pofuna kuti asataye madzimadzi, ofunikira injini, dalaivala amatha kukhazikitsa chitetezo chapadera cha crankcase.

M'malo mwake, sikuti poto wamafuta yekha amafunika kutetezedwa ku zovuta zazikulu, komanso zina zama injini. Kuti gawo lakumunsi la injini lizitetezedwa moyenera, chitetezo cha crankcase chiyenera kupangidwa ndi chitsulo cholimba chomwe sichimalemedwa ndi katundu wolemera.

Zinthu zotetezera zimatha kupangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, zotayidwa kapena zida zophatikizika. Mitundu yotsika mtengo kwambiri ndichitsulo, koma imalemera kuposa anzawo a aluminium.

Kuti gawolo lisasokonezeke pakapita nthawi chifukwa cha dzimbiri, limakutidwa ndi chida china choteteza. Mabowo amisiri amapangidwanso pakupanga gawolo. Kudzera mwa iwo, mbuye akhoza kuchita zina kukonza injini chipinda (Mwachitsanzo, kusintha mafuta fyuluta mu magalimoto ena), koma cholinga chawo chachikulu ndi kupereka mpweya wabwino wa chipinda.

Chitetezo chimakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito mabotolo m'mabowo omwe amapangidwira kwambiri. Ngati woyendetsa wagula mtundu wopangidwira galimotoyi, ndiye kuti kukhazikitsa sikungatenge nthawi yayitali.

Monga mukuwonera, magawo ambiri mgalimoto amafunikira kuwisamalira mosamala ndikukonza munthawi yake. Pankhani ya kanyumba kakang'ono, osakhazikika ndikugula chitetezo choyenera. Izi zidzawonjezera moyo wa chinthucho.

Mafunso wamba okhudza kutetezedwa kwa crankcase

Pofuna kuteteza sump yamagalimoto, opanga magalimoto apanga njira zingapo zotetezera crankcase, yomwe imayikidwa kuti izikhala pakati pa crankcase ndi msewu.

Nayi mafunso ofunsidwa okhudza kukhazikitsa mtundu woterewu mgalimoto:

Funso:	Yankho:
Kodi motowo uyamba kutentha?	Ayi. Chifukwa pamene galimoto ikuyenda, mpweya umachokera kumalo omwe mpweya umakhala kutsogolo kwa bampala komanso kudzera pa grayator. Galimotoyo itakhazikika mu njira ya kotenga nthawi. Galimoto ikayima pomwe gawo lamagetsi likuyenda, zimakupizira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ziziziritse (chipangizochi chimafotokozedwa m'nkhani ina). M'nyengo yozizira, chitetezo chidzakhala chowonjezera chomwe chimalepheretsa kuziziritsa mwachangu kwa injini yoyaka yamkati.
Kodi pali phokoso losasangalatsa lomwe limabwera kuchokera kumiyala kapena zinthu zina zolimba?	Inde. Koma izi sizimachitika kawirikawiri ngati makinawo akugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mizinda. Kuti muchepetse phokoso pazinthu zomwe zikugwa, ndikwanira kugwiritsa ntchito phokoso lokhalokha.
Kodi kudzakhala kovuta kukonza nthawi zonse?	Ayi. Mitundu yambiri yazodzitchinjiriza ili ndi mipata yonse yofunikira yomwe imalola kuyang'anitsitsa kwa galimoto kuchokera mdzenje, komanso njira zambiri, mwachitsanzo, kusintha mafuta ndi fyuluta. Mitundu ina imakhala ndi mapulagi apulasitiki m'malo oyenera.
Kodi ndizovuta kukhazikitsa ndikuchotsa chitetezo?	Ayi. Kuti muchite izi, simuyenera kuchita ntchito iliyonse yokonzekera (mwachitsanzo, kuboola mabowo owonjezera pamakina). Mukamagula pansi podzitchinjiriza, chikacho chimaphatikizapo zomangira zofunika.

Kusankha chitetezo cha crankcase

Mosasamala mtundu wamgalimoto, chitsulo kapena chitetezo chama pallet chingagulidwe. Pankhani yazitsulo, pali zotayidwa kapena zosankha zazitsulo m'gululi. Analog analogue akungopeza kutchuka, chifukwa chake sizotheka kugula pamsika, ndipo mtengo wa chinthu chotere udzakhala wokwera.

Zidutswa zophatikizika zimatha kupangidwa ndi kaboni fiber kapena fiberglass. Zoterezi zili ndi zotsatirazi pamitundu yazitsulo:

• Opepuka;
• Sichiwononga;
• Samatha;
• Ali ndi mphamvu yayikulu;
• Pakachitika ngozi, sichingabweretse vuto lina;
• Ali ndi mayamwidwe amawu.

Mitundu ya Aluminium imakhala yotsika mtengo kwambiri, ndipo zosankha zazitsulo ndizotsika mtengo kwambiri. Aluminium imakhala yolimba komanso yosakhudzidwa, ndipo kulemera kwake kumakhala kotsika pang'ono kuposa zosintha zazitsulo. Ponena za mnzake wazitsulo, kuphatikiza pa kulemera kwake kwakukulu komanso kutengeka ndi kutupa, mankhwalawa ali ndi maubwino ena onse.

Kusankha chitetezo cha crankcase kumakhudzidwa ndi momwe makina adzagwiritsidwire ntchito. Ngati iyi ndi galimoto yoyendetsa msewu pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti zingakhale zothandiza kugula chitetezo chachitsulo. Kwa galimoto yamasewera yomwe imachita nawo mpikisano wothamanga, ndibwino kuti musankhe mtundu wophatikizika, chifukwa umalemera pang'ono, womwe ndi wofunikira kwambiri pakuyendetsa masewera.

Kukonzekeretsa galimoto wamba ndi chitetezo chotere sikungakhale kopindulitsa. Chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chiyenera kusamalidwa posankha chitetezo ndikukhazikika kwake. Ngati pansi pali zolakwika mosavuta, ndiye kuti pakapita nthawi sizingateteze phaleyo kuti isawonongeke chifukwa champhamvu.

Nachi chitsanzo cha momwe chitetezo chachitsulo chimayikidwa m'galimoto:

Kukhazikitsa chitetezo chachitsulo pa Toyota Camry.

Kanema pa mutuwo

Kuphatikiza apo, tikupangira kuti muwone vidiyo yatsatanetsatane ya sump youma:

Youma Carter! Chifukwa chiyani, bwanji, ndipo chifukwa chiyani?

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi crankcase ndi chiyani? Ili ndiye gawo lalikulu la gawo lamagetsi. Ili ndi kapangidwe kofanana ndi bokosi, ndipo idapangidwa kuti iteteze ndikuthandizira magawo omwe agwira ntchito yoyaka mkati. Kudzera mu ngalande zopangidwa mu gawo ili la mota, mafuta amafuta amaperekedwa kuti azipaka zida zonse zomwe zimapangira injini. Madalaivala ena amatcha crankcase kuti ndi sump yomwe mafuta amakhuthulira ndikusungira. Mu injini ziwiri sitiroko kapangidwe crankcase zipangitsa nthawi yolondola.

Kodi crankcase ili kuti? Ichi ndiye thupi lalikulu lamagetsi. Crankshaft imayikidwa m'kati mwake (pansipa). Pamwamba pa crankcase amatchedwa silinda. Ngati injini ili yayikulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti chinthuchi ndi gawo limodzi lokhala ndi silinda, yopangidwa ndi kuponyera kamodzi. Gawo loterolo limatchedwa crankcase. Mu injini zokulirapo, mawonekedwe awa ndi ovuta kupanga mu kuponyera kamodzi, chifukwa chake crankcase ndi cylinder block ndi mbali zosiyana za thupi loyaka moto lamkati. Ngati mwa crankcase woyendetsa amatanthauza mphasa yake, ndiye kuti gawoli lili kumapeto kwenikweni kwa injini. Ili ndiye gawo lokhazikika komwe mafuta amapezeka (mu makina ena, gawo ili limaponyedwa m'mafuta mu dziwe lina, chifukwa chake dongosololi limatchedwa "sump youma").