Kodi njira yobisalira ndi chiyani - bwanji mukufunikira gudumu lopumira pagalimoto

Gawo lagalimoto iliyonse yamasiku ano imaphatikizaponso zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zitha kubwera mosavuta pakafunika zovuta kwa woyendetsa. Kotero, mu thunthu la galimoto payenera kukhala chingwe chokwera (za chisankho chake chikufotokozedwa apa) ndi zida zingapo (zomwe ziyenera kuphatikizidwamo zafotokozedwera osiyana review).

Chinthu china chofunikira chomwe chingathandize pakagwa vuto mwadzidzidzi ndi tayala lopumira. Ndi thandizo lake, dalaivala amapewa zinyalala zowonjezerapo pakusamutsidwa kwagalimoto mothandizidwa ndi galimoto yonyamula mwapadera.

Ganizirani momwe gudumu lapamwamba limasiyanirana ndi komwe akubwerera, komanso momwe gudumu logwiritsidwira ntchito limagwiritsidwira ntchito ngati mitundu ina yamagalimoto.

Kodi kupulumukira ndi chiyani?

Doko ndi gudumu lomwelo lopuma, pokhapokha pankhaniyi, wopanga adasamalira kupulumutsa malo mu thunthu lagalimoto. Ndi kagudumu kakang'ono kopangidwa ndi chitsulo. Kukula kwake kumasankhidwa kutengera mtundu wa bolt ndi m'mimba mwake mawilo omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito.

Nthawi zina zinthu zopepuka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pagudumu, koma kunja kumawoneka ngati chimbale chokwanira chokwera pazitsulo. Koma nthawi zambiri, chimbalechi chimakhala chocheperako, chomwe chimapulumutsa malo mu thunthu pomwe gudumu silikugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Chifukwa chiyani chikufunika?

Palibe dalaivala waluso amene angaganize zakufunika kwa gudumu lopumira. Sizosangalatsa tayala likaphulika, ndikusunthira kwina sikutheka chifukwa palibe chomwe chingasinthe gudumu lowonongeka. Oyendetsa magalimoto ena omwe amakhala mu zida zawo amakhala ndi chida chokonzekera mwapadera pakawonongeka (komwe kumatchedwa zingwe zama tayala). Koma zida izi sizingasunge nthawi zonse.

Mwachitsanzo, mothandizidwa ndi kuchotsedwa kokhomerera kokha, koma kudula kapena kupindika kwa disc pamsewu sikungakonzedwe mwanjira iliyonse. Pazifukwa izi, zida zadzidzidzi ziyenera kukhala ndi tayala lopumira. Kusintha gudumu sikungatenge nthawi yayitali, ngati galimoto ili ndi jack.

Ngati pangakhale kuwonongeka, gudumu limasinthiratu, komwe kumakupatsani mwayi wopita kutayala lapafupi. Nthawi zina, tayala limatha kuwonongeka (woyendetsa galimotoyo sanazindikire kuwonongeka, ndikuyendetsa mtunda wina, chifukwa chake mphira udadulidwa ndi disc), ndipo tayala lokonzekera lomwe limakonzedweratu limakupatsani mwayi wofika ku sitolo.

Mbiri yakale

Pamene magalimoto oyamba adawonekera, panali kufunika kwa chinthu ngati tayala lopumira. Mwa njira, lingaliro ili lidalinso lodziwika panjinga, pomwe woyendetsa njinga adapikisana ndi matayala awiri okonzeka.

Chifukwa chomwe opanga magalimoto amapanga zida zawo ndi tayala lopumira chinali chifukwa cha misewu yoyipa. Nthawi zambiri, mayendedwe amayenda mumsewu wafumbi kapena wapansi. Nthawi zambiri, zokutira zotere zimatha kukhala ndi zinthu zakuthwa zosiyanasiyana, mwachitsanzo, misomali kapena tinthu tazitsulo.

Kampani yaku America Thomas B. Jeffrey anali mpainiya wogwiritsa ntchito masheya pamagalimoto. Ngakhale kuti zidatenga zaka khumi ndi zinayi zokha (1902-16), magalimoto osiyanasiyana, makamaka mitundu ya Rambler, anali otchuka kwambiri.

Kugwira ntchito kwa magalimoto amenewo kudakhala kosavuta chifukwa choti gudumu lobowola limatha kusintha m'malo mwa mphindi zochepa. Ntchitoyi inali yophweka kwambiri moti ngakhale oyamba kumene akanatha kugwira ntchitoyi. Woyendetsa galimoto akadziwa kukonza matayala, amatha kuchita izi kunyumba momasuka, m'malo mokhala pambali.

Opanga magalimoto ena nawonso atengera lingaliro ili. Pachifukwa ichi, galimoto yokhala ndi imodzi, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale awiri, mawilo opumira anali wamba. Poyamba, gudumu lopumira linali lokhazikika m'mbali mwa chipinda chama injini.

Pambuyo pake, kuti athe kupeza chipinda chamagalimoto, komanso chifukwa chowonjezera kuwuluka kwa mlengalenga, chinthuchi chidasamukira mbali yakunja ya thupi kuchokera ku thunthu. Munthawi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, sizinatheke kugwiritsa ntchito matayala apadera ku United States, chifukwa dzikolo lidasowa mphira.

Kusiyanitsa ndi tayala wamba

Masiku ano, galimoto kapena galimoto iliyonse imakhala ndi mawilo amodzi kapena angapo pakagwa mwadzidzidzi. Chikwamacho chimatha kuphatikiza magudumu oyenda (makamaka ofunikira pamagalimoto, chifukwa kuboola kapena kutuluka nthawi zambiri kumachitika mukamanyamula katundu) kapena analogue, koma kukhala ndi kuchepa kocheperako.

Gudumu wamba lopumira ndi malo obisalako ali ndi gawo lofananira la disk pagalimoto inayake. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa ziwirizi ndi izi:

1. Mawilo oyenera ali ndi kulemera kofanana ndi magudumu ena omwe amaikidwa pagalimoto. Doko lidzakhala losavuta. Ena oyendetsa galimoto mwadala satenga tayala lopumira panjira kuti apulumutse pang'ono mafuta - palibe amene amafunikira makilogalamu 20-30 pamsewu.
2. Kuphatikiza pa kulemera kwake, ma stowaways amakhala ndi miyeso yaying'ono poyerekeza ndi analogue wamba.
3. Mawilo ndi matayala apangidwe amapangidwa ndi zinthu zabwino, chifukwa chake mtengo wa analogi umakhala wochepa kwambiri.
4. Sitimayo imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha pakagwa mwadzidzidzi, ndipo mawilo oyenda amatha kukwera kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuphatikiza apo, akamagwiritsa ntchito tayala lopepuka, dalaivala amayenera kuyendetsa liwiro lololeka lagalimoto.
5.  Tayala lopepuka lopepuka limakhala ndi mphira wotsika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi gudumu lapamwamba.

Momwe mungasankhire njira yobadwira

Musanagule mankhwalawa, muyenera kuganizira zochepa chabe:

1. Nthawi zambiri malo obisalira amapangidwira mtundu wina wamagalimoto;
2. Popeza gudumu lophatikizira limangogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chadzidzidzi, choyambirira, wina sayenera kulipira mtundu wa malonda, koma kukula kwake. Ngati woyendetsa galimoto akufuna kugula zosintha zomwe zingakhale ndi nthawi yayitali, ndibwino kukhala pagudumu wamba.
3. Ngati zingelere zosakhazikika zimayikidwa mgalimoto, mwachitsanzo, pamatayala otsika, ndiye kuti utali woyenda ungasiyane ndi chinthu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi inchi imodzi. Mwachitsanzo, pa chitsulo chogwira matayala ndi R14 anaika, ndiye inu mukhoza kugula yopuma gudumu ndi utali wozungulira 15 kapena 13 mainchesi.
4. Pogwiritsa ntchito mphira - ndi bwino kugula nyengo yonse kuposa chilimwe / dzinja. Kupanda kutero, kudzakhala kungowonjezera kwina. Zachidziwikire, kupondaponda tayala koteroko kudzasiyana ndi kachitidwe ka magudumu ena onse, chifukwa chake wobalalayo ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito patali pang'ono komanso mogwirizana ndi chitetezo.
5. Kuphatikiza pa tayala lochepetsedwa, dalaivala akuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti pampu yoyenera nthawi zonse muli mgalimoto. Popeza m'lifupi mwa mphira wogulitsayi ndi pafupifupi theka la muyezo, gudumu limafunikira mpweya wokwanira. Kwenikweni, kuthamanga kwa matayala kuyenera kukhala pamlingo wamlengalenga anayi.

Kodi mungayikemo pati gudumu?

Doko limayikidwa munjira yomwe idapangidwira izi mu thunthu lagalimoto kapena pansi pake. Zimatengera kapangidwe ka galimoto yomwe. Nthawi zina, tayala lopumira limakhala mozungulira kumbuyo kwa galimotoyo. Izi zikugwira ntchito pamitundu ina yamabasi ndi maveni.

Ngati galimoto ili ndi kagawo kakang'ono wapadera gudumu yopuma, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi. Poterepa, gudumu silidzawonongeka ngati zinthu zakuthwa zonyamulidwa mu thunthu. Kupatula magalimoto okhala ndi HBO (dongosololi limafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane zana limodziтkapena). Nthawi zambiri, mosungira mafuta amakhala ngati piritsi ndipo amaikidwa m'malo mwa gudumu.

M'makina otere, ndizotheka kugwiritsa ntchito njira yobwerera. Izi zitha kutenga thunthu locheperako kuposa analogue yathunthu.

Malangizo pakugwiritsa ntchito stawaway

Nawa maupangiri ochokera kwa akatswiri:

1. Makulidwe ndi bolt ya stowaway iyenera kufanana ndi magudumu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendera;
2. Ngati pali mwayi wosankha mphira wabwino, ndibwino kungoganiza za njirayi, popeza kuti chinthu chotchipa chimakhala ndi moyo wocheperako;
3. Zoletsa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa disc ya gudumu lirilonse lokonzekera, lomwe woyendetsa amayenera kutsatira;
4. Ngati makinawo ali ndi seti ya titaniyamu yolimba kapena ma disc ofanana, ma bolt ataliatali amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti awateteze. Pofika padoko, muyenera kugula ma bolts oyenera, ndikuwasunga pafupi ndi gudumu lokhalo, kuti musasochere;
5. Nthawi ndi nthawi onetsetsani kuti kuthamanga kwa matayala kuli kolondola, makamaka nyengo yachisanu ikayamba.
6. Momwemo, ndibwino kugula chinthu chomwe chapangidwira galimoto inayake.

Kodi ndingagwiritse ntchito gudumu langa lopumira?

Funso ili limafunsidwa ndi iwo omwe amakumana koyamba ndi lingaliro loti athawa. Pachifukwa ichi, akatswiri matayala ali ndi lingaliro limodzi: matayala opepuka ochepa sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gudumu lokwanira.

Mbali yapadera ya zinthu zosakhalitsa yagona pakupanga kosavuta kwa tayala, komanso disc yokha. Pa gudumu lotere, mutha kuyendetsa kanthawi kochepa chabe, komanso mulingo wothamanga. Mukakhazikitsa malo obwerera, kuyendetsa bwino.

Doko kapena tayala lopumira: chabwino ndi chiyani, zabwino ndi zoyipa

Tisanasinthe kuchokera pagudumu lapadera kupita pagudumu lopepuka lopepuka, ndiyofunika kuyeza zabwino ndi zoyipa za analogue iyi. Nazi zifukwa zina zokomera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopezeka patali:

• Chinthu choyamba chomwe eni magalimoto omwe ali ndi zida zamagesi amamvera ndikuchepa kwa gudumu lokonzekera. Imakhala yocheperako kuposa gudumu wamba. Danga laulere lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi woyendetsa galimoto kuti asunge zinthu zina zomwe samazigwiritsa ntchito kawirikawiri.
• Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyanazo ndikutembenuka pang'ono kuchokera pazowonekera.
• Ma stowaway ena amakhala opepuka kawiri kuposa omwe amapezeka nthawi zonse.
• Kupanga zinthu zoterezi, zida zotsika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, komanso kapangidwe kosavuta. Izi zimakhudza mtengo wazogulitsa.
• Sitimayo ndi yosavuta komanso yotchipa kukonza.
• Kapangidwe kopepuka kamapangitsa kuti kukhale kosavuta kukweza gudumu lokonzekera pazitsulo.

Ngakhale zabwino zomwe zatchulidwazi, ma stowaways ali ndi zovuta zabwino:

1. Mulingo wachitetezo mukamayendetsa pagudumu lotere umachepetsedwa. Izi ndichifukwa chakukula kwa mphira. Tayala locheperako silimatha kuyendetsa bwino pamsewu, ndichifukwa chake galimotoyo siyimayendetsa bwino. Pakayimilidwa mwadzidzidzi, mtunda wama braking umakulanso kwambiri. M'nyengo yonyowa, pali chiopsezo chotenga madzi (momwe mungachitire ndi izi munthawi zonse, werengani Panoсь).
2. Ngati galimoto ikuyendetsa pa doko pamsewu woyipa, malonda amatha kuwonongeka kapena kuwonongeka chifukwa cha zinthu zotsika mtengo.
3. Gudumu lokonzekera lili ndi gwero laling'ono chifukwa chakuti mphira wake uli wosavomerezeka, chifukwa chake umatha msanga.
4. Mukamayendetsa pa gudumu lokonzekera, kusiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zina zoyimitsidwa ndi zotumizira zimakumana ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zimawapangitsa kuti aswe paulendo wautali.
5. Magalimoto ambiri amakono amakhala ndi zida zowongolera kukhazikika monga ESP kapena ABS. Ngati sanazimitsidwe, amatha kulephera chifukwa chakusintha kwamagudumu pachitsulo chimodzi. Cholinga chake ndikuti zamagetsi zimamasulira kusiyanasiyana ngati kuzembera, motero m'modzi wa iwo azitseka. Ngati sizingatheke kuyimitsa chipangizocho, oyendetsa galimoto odziwa bwino amalimbikitsa kuyendetsa mwachangu komanso mopanda kuwongolera.
6. Pa doko, mutha kuyenda maulendo ataliatali okha - makilomita ochepa chabe. Simungathe kupitiriza ulendo wautali pamenepo. Izi zidzasokoneza machitidwe ena ovuta pamakina.
7. Pankhani ya magalimoto ena, sizikulimbikitsidwa kuyika malo obwerera m'malo mwa gudumu lomwe lalephera. Mwachitsanzo, izi zimagwira ntchito pamitundu yoyendetsa kutsogolo. Ngati gudumu lakumbuyo laphulika, choyamba muyenera kumanga chitsulo chakumbuyo ndikuyika gudumu ladzidzidzi pamenepo. Kukwanira komwe kudasungidwa kumayikidwa m'malo mwa yomwe yalephera. Kuphatikiza pa izi kuti zitenga nthawi yowonjezerapo, chifukwa chosayenda bwino kwa matayala oyendetsa (oyendetsa magalimoto ena amagwiritsa ntchito matayala osiyanasiyana kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa ma axles), galimotoyo ichepetsa.

Oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mwayi waukulu wogwiritsa ntchito gudumu loyenda palokha ndikuti ungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira yofananira ndi yosweka. M'malo mwake, sizikhala choncho nthawi zonse.

Kuti mutengere m'malo, gudumu liyenera kukhala lofanana ndi lomwe lidawonongeka. Poterepa, dalaivala amayenera kupanga mphanda. Chowonadi ndichakuti kuti mugwiritse ntchito bwino gudumu lopumira, muyenera kugula seti ya labala yamagudumu onse asanu kuti chopondacho chikugwirizana ndikamaliza.

Komabe, simuyenera kugula matayala oyendetsa mbali, chifukwa muyenera kunyamula mawilo awiri mbali iliyonse ya galimoto. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito nyengo yachisanu / chilimwe. Pokhapokha ngati izi zonse zakwaniritsidwa, tayala lopumira limatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gudumu lokwanira.

Makhalidwe oyang'anira ndi kuyenda pa gudumu ladzidzidzi

Mosasamala kanthu kuti choyambira choyambirira kapena gudumu ladzidzidzi lofananalo ligwiritsidwa ntchito, kuyika kwa chinthuchi kumakhudza momwe magalimoto amayendetsera zovuta. Pachifukwa ichi, chisankho ichi sichikulimbikitsidwa kwa oyendetsa galimoto osadziwa zambiri.

Takambirana kale za zovuta za gudumu lokonzekera. Umu ndi momwe dalaivala amayendetsera galimoto ngati pali chinthu china chake:

1. Mtunda mumtsinje uyenera kukulitsidwa. Chifukwa cha izi ndikukula mtunda wopumira ngati mabuleki agwiritsidwa ntchito mwamphamvu.
2. Pamalo osakhazikika pamisewu, liwiro liyenera kuchepetsedwa, popeza tayala laling'ono lili ndi kachidutswa kakang'ono kocheperako, kamene kamachepa ndikuwoneka kwa chinyezi, matalala kapena mchenga.
3. Mukapanikizika, liwiro liyeneranso kuchepetsedwa pasadakhale, ndipo chiwongolero chiyenera kuyendetsedwa bwino momwe zingathere. Ngati gudumu lokonzekera lili pa olamulira, pangakhale wopondereza kapena woyenda mwachangu kwambiri (izi ndi chiyani, werengani ndemanga ina). Pankhani yoyendetsa gudumu lakumbuyo, galimotoyo imavutika ndi wopondereza kapena skid.
4. Gudumu lirilonse lokonzekera limafotokozera malire othamangitsira omwe mutha kuyendetsa. Nthawi zambiri iyi ndi bala la 60-80 kilomita / h, koma kuti muteteze, simuyenera kupititsa patsogolo kuposa 50 km / h.
5. Kuyendetsa mwamphamvu pagalimoto yomwe ili ndi anthu obwerera kumene sikuletsedwa konse.
6. Pambuyo poyika gudumu pazitsulo, kuthamanga kwake kuyenera kuyambiranso, ngakhale izi zitachitika posachedwa.
7. Nthawi zambiri, kupondaponda kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito makilomita zikwi ziwiri. Pachifukwa ichi, kuti musawononge ndalama pagalimoto yatsopano yokonza, ndibwino kuti muchepetse mtunda pazinthu zoterezi.
8. Nthawi imodzi padoko mutha kuphimba osapitilira ma kilomita zana, ngati palibe chikhumbo chokonzanso galimotoyo.

Momwe mungayikitsire motoka pagalimoto kutengera mtundu wa drive

Lamulo loyambirira la kugwiritsa ntchito gudumu lokonzekera siliyenera kukweza pazitsulo zoyendetsa. Mfundo imeneyi ndiyosavuta kutsatira ngati galimoto ndiyotsogola. Ngati gudumu loyendetsa likulephera, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito kumbuyo, m'malo mwake ikani stawaway. Ngakhale mutha kuwona zosiyana panjira (woyendetsa waulesi amaika gudumu lokonzekera pagalimoto yoyenda kutsogolo kutsogolo) - simuyenera kunyalanyaza lamuloli, chifukwa galimotoyo iyenera kuyendetsa bwino.

Ponena za magalimoto oyenda kumbuyo, muyenera kupereka nsembe poyang'anira kuti magudumu oyendetsa ayende bwino, ndikuyika gudumu lokonzekera kutsogolo. Kupanda kutero, magalimoto otere amatha kuyenda mozungulira. Komanso, kusiyana pakati pa kusiyanasiyana kwa magudumu oyendetsa magalimoto kumakhudza kwambiri kusiyana (kuphatikiza, mutha kuwerenga momwe makinawa amagwirira ntchito apa).

Kodi ndizotheka kukwera gudumu loyimilira

Gawo lamaluso la funsoli ladziwika kale, ndipo yankho lake ndi ayi, simungagwiritse ntchito zomwe akubwerera mosalekeza. Yankho lomwelo limaperekedwa ndi malamulo oyendetsa magalimoto. Malamulo apamsewu amaletsa kugwira ntchito kwamagalimoto omwe ali ndi matayala osiyanasiyana komanso mayendedwe apazitsulo chimodzi. Palibe kusiyanasiyana pafunso ili.

Chokhacho chomwe chingathandize dalaivala kupewa chindapusa choyendetsa padoko ndichimodzi chokha. Kuti abwerezenso lamuloli, galimoto likawonongeka, dalaivala ayenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti athetse vutolo. Kupanda kutero, gudumu lokonzekera limayikidwa, nyali yadzidzidzi imayatsidwa, ndipo mayendedwe amatumizidwa kumalo operekera matayala apafupi.

Poterepa, muyenera kutsatira mbali yakumanja kwambiri. Ngati mukufuna kupanga U-kuyika njirayo, ndiye kuti imaloledwa kumanganso pasadakhale njira yolowera kumanzere musanadule chikhomo. Poganizira mbali iyi ya gudumu, gudumu loyenera limakhala ndi mwayi wowonekera (ngati njira yopondera ndiyofanana ndi gudumu lomwe lasinthidwa).

Tikukupemphani kuti muwone kanema wamfupi wamomwe galimoto yomwe ili ndi stowaway kumbuyo kwazitsulo idzakhalire:

Kodi mungakwere bwanji doko m'nyengo yozizira? Makhalidwe oyendetsa ndi tayala yopuma yotentha

Momwe mungasungire bwino

Njira yapadera yosungira dokatka sikufunika. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito pa gudumu lokhazikika. Chinthu chokha choyenera kuganizira ndi kuthamanga kwa matayala. Popeza nthawi zambiri imakhala yopyapyala kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa tayala lokhazikika, mphamvu yake iyenera kukhala yayikulu (pafupifupi ma atmospheres anayi).

Gudumu laling'ono locheperako limasungidwa m'chipinda chosungiramo matayala, ndipo posunga malo, mwachitsanzo, zida zina zitha kuyikidwa mu gawo ili lagalimoto. Ngati pali silinda ya HBO mu dipatimenti ya tayala yopuma, gudumu lotere silingatenge malo ambiri mu thunthu la galimoto. Mumitundu ina yamagalimoto, imatha kukhazikitsidwa molunjika.

Kanema pa mutuwo

Nayi kanema wachidule wokhudza kupindika dokatka:

Malo ogulitsa (dokatka)

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi stowaway amatanthauza chiyani? Ndi gudumu laling'ono lomwe likugwirizana ndi kukula kwa mawilo omwe amaikidwa pagalimoto. Imatchedwanso gudumu ladzidzidzi. Sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito mpaka kalekale.

Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa opulumukira ndi gudumu lopuma? Choyamba, m'lifupi chimbale. Dokatka ndi pafupifupi kawiri yopapatiza. Mtundu womwewo wa mphira umayikidwa pamenepo. Ikhoza kusuntha pa liwiro linalake (mpaka 80 km / h).

Kodi stowaway ndi chiyani? Gudumu ladzidzidzi limakupatsani mwayi wodziyimira pawokha pamayendedwe a tayala pakagwa gudumu limodzi. Kuthamanga kovomerezeka kwamayendedwe kumawonetsedwa padoko.