Chojambulira cha mafuta: chida, magwiridwe antchito, mitundu, zithunzi

ICE iliyonse yamagalimoto imafuna kuzirala kwapamwamba kwambiri ndi mafuta. Pachifukwa ichi, magalimoto omwe ali ndi injini za 4-stroke ali ndi kondomu momwe mafuta amatsanulira. Pali mitundu iwiri ya iwo: sump youma kapena sump yonyowa. Njira yofananira imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati unit ndi valavu kapena 4-stroke (pazosiyana pakati pa kusinthaku ndi sitiroko iwiri, werengani apa).

Zambiri pazamitundu yamafuta kondomu amafotokozedwa kubwereza kwina... Popita nthawi, mafuta a injini adayamba kuchepa, ndichifukwa chake, pamlingo wochepa kwambiri, mphamvu yamagetsi imayamba kufa ndi njala yamafuta, ndipo nthawi zina zamagetsi zimapondereza kuyaka kwamkati ndipo sizimalola kuti ziyambe .

Kuti muwone kuchuluka kwamafuta, dalaivala nthawi ndi nthawi amagwiritsa ntchito dipstick, pomwe wopanga amawonetsa zocheperako komanso zosakwanira. Mafutawa ayenera kukhala pakati pa mabala awa. Komabe, magalimoto amakono ambiri samapereka cheke choterocho - palibe dipstick panjira.

M'malo mochotseka dipulosi yodziyimira payokha, jekeseniyo izikhala ndi chofananira chamagetsi. Poterepa, zida zamagetsi zamagetsi zimayang'anira magwiridwe antchito a injini ndikudziwitsa driver za zovuta zilizonse, kuphatikiza mawonekedwe a kondomuyo.

M'magalimoto otere, lakutsogolo ali ndi chizindikiro chosiyanitsa chomwe chimayimira kusalingana kwamafuta. Chizindikiro ichi chimayambitsidwa ndi zizindikiritso za sensa yamafuta. Tiyeni tiwone bwino chipangizocho, momwe amagwirira ntchito ndi mitundu yama sensa opanda phokoso.

Kodi sensa yamagalimoto yamagalimoto ndi chiyani?

Liwu lodziwitsira lokha limawonetsa kuti ndimagetsi amagetsi omwe amakupatsani mwayi wodziwa kuchuluka kwamafuta omwe ali mgalimoto (sump). Kutengera kapangidwe kake, chipangizocho chidzakhala ndi chithunzi cholumikizira payokha.

Injini yokhala ndi sensa yamafuta imakhala ndi bowo lolingana kumunsi kwa crankcase, momwe chida ichi chidzaikidwire. Nthawi zambiri, zimakhala pakati pa fyuluta ndi poto. Kuphatikiza pa injini, gearbox imatha kulandiranso sensa yofananira. Chojambulira chomwe chimagwira ntchito yofananira chimatha kukhala ndi jenereta yamagetsi kapena chida china chamakina chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito injini yoyaka yamkati ya 4.

chipangizo

Chojambulira cha mafuta chimatha kukhala ndi chida chosiyana kutengera momwe imagwirira ntchito ndi zina zomwe zingagwire. Zipangizo zamakono zambiri zimakhala zamagetsi. Kulumikizana kwawo kumadaliranso momwe adzagwiritsire ntchito.

Chojambulira chosavuta chimalumikizidwa ndi magetsi omwe ali pa board. Ikayambitsidwa, kulumikizana kwa kuwala kumatsekedwa, komwe kukuwonetsa kuti ndikofunikira kubwezeretsanso mulingoyo. Ponena za zosintha zamagetsi, machitidwe awo amachepetsedwa kuti atsegule ma algorithms ofanana omwe adapangidwa mu microprocessor.

Chipangizocho chikayambitsidwa, ma siginecha ofanana amapangidwa mu magetsi. Amapita kumalo olamulira. ECU imasankha chizindikiro chomwe chikuyenera kutulutsidwa mwaudongo. M'magalimoto ena, chizindikiritso kapena chojambula chimatsegulidwa molumikizana ndi chisonyezo chowunikira.

Chithunzicho chikuwonetsa gawo losavuta la sensa:

A) mafuta osachepera; B) msinkhu wamafuta ambiri; 1) kukhudzana ndi maginito; 2) zimatengedwa ndi maginito; 3) thupi; 4) cholumikizira cholumikizira.

Chida cha sensor yosavuta (mtundu woyandama) chimaphatikizapo zinthu zotsatirazi:

• Maginito kukhudzana (bango lophimba)... Izi zimagwirizana ndimayendedwe amagetsi. Maginito akagwira ntchito yolumikizirana, dera limatsekedwa ndipo chizindikirocho chimawunikira.
• Oyandama... Izi zili pamwamba pa thupi. Chojambuliracho chikakhala chamadzimadzi, cholumikizacho chimasunthira kuyandama kwake ndipo chimakhala pamwamba pa mafuta nthawi zonse. Kuyandama kuli ndi maginito okhazikika. Kusintha kwa mulingo mu thankiyo kumapangitsa kuti kuyandama kuyende. Ikatsikira pamtengo wotsika, kulumikizana kwa bango kumatseka.
• Nyumba... Ili ndi chubu lalitali lopanda dzenje, mkati mwake muli bango lodziyimira lokha ndi zida zake zamagetsi (zotchingira zitsulo zopyapyala zolumikizana). Kunja kwa thupi, kuyandama ndi maginito, opangidwa ngati mphete, kumayenda.
• Cholumikizira magetsi... Pozungulira kophweka, sensa imayendetsedwa ndi batri, ndipo kuwala kwa mbendera kumalumikizidwa motsatana nayo.

Izi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati mumathanki amafuta okha. Thanki mpweya kapena dongosolo kuzirala angalandire sensa ofanana. Nthawi zambiri, chipangizocho chimayikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ulusi wolumikizidwa (wolowetsedwa mu thanki palokha: chipika cha injini, thanki yamafuta, nyumba yamagiya, ndi zina zambiri).

Kodi sensa yamafuta imagwira ntchito bwanji?

Njira yosavuta yogwiritsira ntchito ili ndi masensa amtundu woyandama. Mulingo wamafuta kapena madzi ena oyang'aniridwa akatsika, dera limatseka (nthawi zina, limatsegukira mosiyana) ndipo alamu amayamba.

Kuyika kwa chipangizocho sikuyenera kuchitika pa injini yozizira. Pakadali pano, mafuta amakhala ochulukirapo kapena oyenera. Injini ikayamba, mafuta ena amachokeradi.

Mukusintha uku, kulumikizana kwa bango kumatsekedwa pamlingo wambiri, ndipo osachepera kumatsegulidwa

Pamene poyatsira atsegulidwa, dera lamagetsi limatsekedwa, ndipo chizindikirocho chimatumizidwa kulandirana. Chifukwa chakuti kuyandama kumakhala pamwamba nthawi zonse, pamakhala kuwongolera kosadodometsedwa. Madzi akangotuluka, kapena kutayikira, kuyandama kumatsika pang'onopang'ono ndipo maginito amasiya kugwira ntchito yolumikizana ndi bango (kapena mosemphanitsa, amatseka kukhudzana). Dongosolo latsekedwa / kutsegulidwa. Kulandirana kumakhudzanso kusowa kapena magetsi ndikutseka dera lamagetsi.

Monga tanena kale, magalimoto amakono amakhala ndi masensa ovuta, omwe salinso amakanema, koma amagetsi. Kutengera mtunduwu, zida izi zitha kugwira ntchito zina, osati kungoyang'anira mafuta.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe osavuta, sensa imangoyambitsa nyali yamagetsi. Nthawi yomweyo, dalaivala samalandira zidziwitso zatsopano: amangodziwa pomwe mulingo watsikira pang'ono. Masensa otsogola amakulolani kuti muwone ngati mafuta ali bwino, kuthamanga kwake komanso kutentha kwake. Kutengera ndi ma siginolo omwe adalandira kuchokera ku sensa, uthenga wapadera ukhoza kuwonetsedwa pazenera.

Nayi tebulo yaying'ono yamagalimoto ena:

Chizindikiro:	Chizindikiro:	Zimayambitsa:	Momwe mungakonzekere:
Mafuta achikaso amatha	Kuwala nthawi zonse	Mulingo wamafuta unatsika pang'ono	Injini imazimitsa, ngati pali dipstick, ndiye kuti mafuta amafufuzidwa. Pakalibe dipstick, onjezerani mafuta pang'ono pakhosi lodzaza ndikupita kokatumikira, ngati chizindikirocho sichikutha
Chizindikiro ndi sikelo ndi muvi (kapena wothira wofiira)	Kuwala nthawi zonse	Kuthamanga kwamafuta sikugwirizana ndi zomwe adapanga	Nthawi yomweyo pitani ku siteshoni yothandizira. Paulendo, musabweretse injini yoyaka mkati mwapamwamba
Mafuta ofiira akhoza	Kuphethira	Kutsika kotsika kwambiri pamakondedwe	Imani injini nthawi yomweyo ndikuyesa mafuta omwe ali mu injini (ngati ali ndi chikho). Ngati, mulingo ukadzazidwanso, kuwalako kukupitilira kuwalira, itanani koli yamagalimoto ndikukoka galimotoyo kuti igwire ntchito
Mafuta achikaso amatha	Kuphethira	Kulephera kwachitika mu makina oyatsira mafuta, mwachitsanzo, sensa ndi yolakwika	Lumikizanani ndi ntchito yamagalimoto. Sinthani kachipangizo.

Pamitundu ina yamagalimoto pamakhala mwaukhondo pomwe pali mawonekedwe owonekera amafuta. Poterepa, muyenera kuwona kuti khalidwe lililonse lili ndi phindu lanji. Nthawi zambiri zizindikilo ziwiri zapakati zimawonetsa zachilendo komanso zochepera. Zizindikiro zakumtunda ndi zapansi zimawonetsa, motsatana, kuchuluka kwakukulu ndi zocheperako zimadutsa.

Ntchito zamagetsi zamafuta

Kutengera kapangidwe kake, kusinthidwa kwake ndi makina amagetsi a chipangizocho, sensa imatha kuyeza osati mulingo wamadzi otsekemerawo. Chifukwa chake, galimoto yochokera mu mtundu wa BMW imatha kukhala ndi zida zofananira zamafuta ndi zotengera. Kuphatikiza pakuwunika kuchuluka kwamafuta, chipangizochi chimakupatsani mwayi wodziwa nthawi yomwe iyenera kusinthidwa.

Magalimoto ambiri amakono amawonetsa kufunikira kokonza mawonekedwe amafuta potengera mileage, koma sizitanthauzidwe zolondola nthawi zonse. Cholinga chake ndikuti galimoto imatha kuyendetsa zikwi khumi ndi zisanu pamsewu, koma mafutawo akadakhalabe oyenera kugwira ntchito, popeza injiniyo imayenda mosadukiza popanda zochuluka.

Kumbali inayi, galimoto yomwe imagwira ntchito mumzinda wa megalopolis nthawi zambiri imakhala mumisewu yothinana kwambiri. Kutumiza koteroko sikungadutse mtunda woyenera, ndipo mafuta adzafunika kale kusinthidwa, popeza injini ikuyenda, ndipo galimoto siyenda kwambiri. Lingaliro limeneli limatchedwa maola a injini. Mawuwa amafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane. m'nkhani ina.

Masensa omwe amayang'anira momwe mafuta amapangidwira, ngati chizindikirocho sichigwirizana, amatulutsa alamu yomwe idzawonetsedwa pazenera. Zosintha zina zimatha kuyeza kukakamira kwa makina oyatsira mafuta, omwe adzawonetsedwenso pokonza mafuta owala.

Ntchito ina yomwe masensa ena amafuta ali nayo ndi kuyesa kutentha kwa madzi amadzimadzi. Zipangizozi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina owuma. Amagwiritsa ntchito rediyeta payekha kuti aziziritsa mafuta kutentha.

Masensa gulu

Ngati tigawaniza masensa onse amafuta m'magulu akulu molingana ndi chitetezo, ndiye kuti padzakhala atatu: madzi, madzi opanda fumbi, umboni wophulika. Ponena zamagulu osakanikirana ndi makina, zida zonse zimagawika mumitundu yosagwedera komanso yosagwedera.

M'magulu okhala ndi injini yoyaka mkati, kaya ndi galimoto, thalakitala woyenda kumbuyo kapena wopanga mafuta, masensa amtunduwu angagwiritsidwe ntchito:

1. Yandama
2. Kutentha;
3. Akupanga.

Iliyonse ya zosinthidwazo ili ndi chida chake komanso kapangidwe kake ka ntchito. Kupezeka kwa zida izi ndizofanana - kumtunda kwa sump, koma palinso zosankha zomwe zayikidwa pafupi ndi fyuluta yamafuta. Tiyeni tiganizire za mitundu iliyonse payokha.

Zambiri za sensa yoyandama

Mtundu uwu ndiosavuta osati muzipangizo zokha, komanso pakugwira ntchito. Kamangidwe kake kanakonzedwanso kale pang'ono. Kuyandama kumakhazikika pa chubu chowoneka momwe chosinthira bango chimakhala. Poterepa, mafutawo amayendetsa chinthucho pamwamba / pansi, chifukwa cholumikizira mwamatsenga chimatseka kapena kutseguka.

Mu zosintha zambiri, chipangizocho chimagwira motere. Malingana ngati kuyandama kuli pamlingo wokwanira kuchokera kukhudzana ndi sensa, dera limatseguka. Mafutawo akangochepera, maginito amatsika ndikuyamba kuchita zomwe akumana nazo, kutseka magetsi. Gawo loyang'anira limazindikira chizindikirochi ndikuyambitsa kuthirira kwadothi.

A) imayikidwa pamtunda; B) imayikidwa pamtunda wopingasa.

Ubwino wa makina opanga makina ndikuti samalephera kawirikawiri. Izi zimachitika ngati kulimba kwa chubu kusweka, maginito atataya (demagnetized), kupuma kwa waya kapena kuwonongeka kwa kulumikizana ndi maginito kumachitika. Choyambitsa chachikulu cha kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndikututumuka kwamagalimoto.

Masensa oyandama amakhalanso ndi zovuta zingapo. Choyamba, samawonetsa mafuta enieni, koma amangoyatsa pomwe mulingo udatsikira mtengo wofunikira. Kachiwiri, madipoziti ochokera ku mafuta akale amatha kudziunjikira pamwamba pa chubu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuyenda.

Vuto lofananalo lingachitike ndi kuyandama komweko. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madipoziti, choyandama sichitha kukhala pamtunda wapakatikati, koma kumizidwa pang'ono, komwe kumasokonezanso miyeso. Poterepa, nyali imatha kuyatsa ngakhale gawo la mafuta ndilololedwa.

Eni magalimoto ena opanda masensa oterowo amasintha magalimoto awo mwa kukhazikitsa choyeneranso kupanga. M'malo mwake, chidzakhala chida chokhazikitsidwa pamitundu ina yamagalimoto ena. Kuti muyike sensa yokhazikika, muyenera kupanga bowo lolingana m'phalalo, kusungunula mtedza ndi ulusi woyenera m'malo ano ndikuyika chipangizocho pagalimoto ina.

Komabe, kuti sensa iwonetse zovuta zenizeni, muyenera kusintha mapiri oyandikira kwambiri.

Zambiri zama sensa otentha

Kusinthidwa ili ndi dongosolo zovuta. Masensa oterewa nthawi imodzi amagwiranso ntchito ziwiri nthawi imodzi: amayesa mulingo ndi kutentha kwa mafutawo. Zikufunika kwambiri, chifukwa ndizosavuta kupanga ndikugwira ntchito mokhulupirika kwanthawi yayitali. Chipangizocho chimaphatikizapo waya ndi chinthu chotenthetsera, chotsekedwa mnyumba.

Masensa otentha adzagwira ntchito molingana ndi mfundo zotsatirazi. Dzanja la dalaivala likayatsa poyatsira (limatsegulira fungulo paketi yoyatsira), magetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa waya. Amatentha. Mafuta omwe amapezeka izi amayamba kuziziritsa. ECU imayankha kuzizira ndipo imazindikira kuchuluka kwa mafuta kutengera izi (kufulumira kuzizira, mafuta amakhalanso osungira). Ntchito yonseyi (kutentha ndi kuzizira) kumachitika ma milliseconds.

M'gulu la masensa otentha pamlingo wamafuta, palinso mnzake wamagetsi. Zili chimodzimodzi pakupanga ndi masensa wamba. Amagwira ntchito molingana ndi mfundo yomweyo: Kutenthetsa ndi kuziziritsa waya m'mafuta.

Chosiyana ndi njira yowerengera. Chipangizocho chili ndi chinthu chofunikira, chomwe kulimbikira kwake kumatsimikizira mulingo wamadzi mu sump. Chifukwa chake, mafuta akachulukirachulukira mu thanki, ndikomwe kachipangizo kamakhala kozama, ndipo kukana kwake kumatsika.

Zosintha zoterezi zimalephera osati kokha ndi zinthu zazikuluzikulu, komanso chifukwa cha zovuta za kutentha kwa waya, mapangidwe a dzimbiri pazinthu zovuta komanso kuyika kwa mafuta. Zipangazi sizikukonzedwa - zimangosinthidwa. Chifukwa chotsika mtengo kwa zokolola, mtengo wama sensa wotere sudzakhala wokwera kwambiri.

Mitundu yoyesera ngati iyi ikufunika chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kosavuta komanso kuthekera kojambula zosintha zosiyanasiyana pamtundu wamafuta. Chipangizocho chimagwiritsa ntchito bwino kondomu poyerekeza ndi kusinthidwa koyambirira.

Zambiri za masensa akupanga

M'makampani amakono agalimoto, ukadaulo wopanda zingwe ukutchuka: kuyendetsa popanda kulumikizana ndi njanji, accelerator ndi pedal yopanda zingwe ndi mawaya, ndi zina zambiri.

Akupanga masensa amagwiranso ntchito osayandikira pafupi ndi mafuta. Safunikira kumizidwa m'mafuta. Chifukwa cha izi, kutsekemera kwamafuta sikuphatikizidwa ngati gasket ikudontha kapena makaniki sanatsegule chipangizocho mu crankcase moyipa (ngati chipangizocho chidayikidwa pafupi ndi mafuta okwanira kwambiri).

Chipangizocho chimagwira ntchito molingana ndi chiwembu chotsatira. Chojambuliracho chimayikidwa pamwamba pa thankiyo (sensa sinabatizidwe ndi mafuta). Dalaivala akamayatsa poyatsira, chipangizocho chimayamba kutulutsa mafunde akupanga. Chizindikirocho chikuwonetsedwa kuchokera pamwamba pa madzi amadzimadzi ndipo chimatumizidwa kwa wolandila sensa.

Chipangizocho chimalemba nthawi pakati pa kugunda komweko ndikuwonetsera kwa siginolo. Nthawi iyi imawunikiridwa ndi gawo loyang'anira (limasokedwa kwakanthawi kokhazikika), pamaziko omwe mulingo wa sump umatsimikizidwira (kuchuluka kwa malo pakati pa wolandila ndi mafuta). Chojambulira chamtunduwu chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina owonetsa mawonekedwe a mafuta mumachitidwe. Kuphatikiza pakuyeza kuchuluka kwa mafuta, zida zambiri zimatha kudziwa kutentha kwake.

Popeza ndi zamagetsi zokha zomwe zimatenga nawo mbali muyesowo, zimakupatsani mwayi kuti mulembe molondola zofunikira m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamagalimoto. Mwachitsanzo, mu injini yozizira, zamagetsi zimatha kudziwa kuchuluka kwamafuta kwambiri, koma patatha mphindi zochepa zogwirira ntchito, kuchuluka kwamafuta kumatsika kwambiri.

Izi zikhoza kutanthauziridwa ngati kutayika kwa mafuta. Koma mu unit control, kutengera ndi chidziwitso chomwe amalandira kuchokera ku masensa ena, ma algorithm adayambitsidwa, kuwonetsa kuti kusintha kwadzidzidzi koteroko ndi kwachilendo.

Madalaivala ena amakonza dongosolo lamafuta lamagalimoto awo mwa kuyika chida chopanda zingwe m'malo mochita sensa yokhazikika (pulagi imayikidwa m'malo mwake). Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuchita zina wamakono onse dongosolo kondomu komanso ntchito ya wagawo ulamuliro. Mtengo wa njirayi ukhoza kukhala wocheperako poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa sensa yotere. Kuphatikiza apo, mwina siyabwino pagalimoto inayake.

Zovuta zamagetsi zamafuta

Kuwonongeka kwa sensa yamafuta sikunganyalanyazidwe. Woyendetsa akasowa mphindi yomwe mafuta amafuta amatsikira pamtengo wotsika kwambiri, injini imakumana ndi njala yamafuta. Kuphatikiza pa mafuta ake, mafuta amafuta amachotsanso kutentha kuchokera mgawo lomwe silimakhudzana ndi jekete lozizira.

Ngati kulibe mafuta okwanira, katundu wamagalimoto amakula, makamaka matenthedwe (ziwalo sizakhazikika). Izi zimakhudza moyo wawo wantchito. Mu moyo, mayankho a eni magalimoto ambiri akuwonetsa kuti ngakhale mafuta osachepera ochepa sangakhale otsutsa ngati injini yoyaka yamkati siyinabwereke kuthamanga mpaka mafuta atasinthidwa kapena mpaka gawo lina la mafuta likuphatikizidwa.

Mafuta oyatsa kwamuyaya amatha kuyatsa padashboard posonyeza kuwonongeka kwa sensa. Alamu akadapitilira pambuyo pothira mafuta kapena kusintha mafuta, ndiye kuti sensa iyenera kusinthidwa. Izi zikhozanso kuchitika ECU ikalandira zikwangwani zolakwika.

Kuphatikiza pa kuyatsa kosalekeza kowoneka bwino, chizindikirocho chimatha kuyatsa kapena chowotchera mafuta nthawi zina chimayatsa ndikutuluka mwamphamvu. Poterepa, gawo loyang'anira limalandira chidziwitso cholakwika kuchokera pamtundu wamafuta wamafuta. Microprocessor imazindikira kuti kulephera kwakukulu, ndipo imatha kulepheretsanso kuyendetsa kwa mota.

Ngati galimoto ilibe chiphaso chofufuzira mafuta mu injini, ndiye kupatula kuwunikira pamalo operekera chithandizo, kuwonongeka sikungadziwike mwanjira iliyonse. Ogwira ntchito pakati amalumikiza chojambulira galimoto ndikuzindikira zida zonse. Kuphatikiza pa njirayi, pankhani ya magalimoto ena, kudzifufuza mwachangu ndizotheka.

Khodi yolakwika imawonetsedwa pamakompyuta agalimoto. Nthawi zambiri, vuto la P250E limasonyeza kusokonekera kwa sensa yotere (koma nthawi zambiri izi zimatanthawuza kuzama kozama, komwe kumachitika ndi autoscanner yapadera). Kuti mumve zambiri zamomwe mungayitane mndandanda wazowunikira pakompyuta pagalimoto, zafotokozedwa kubwereza kwina.

Chojambulira cha mafuta chimasiya kugwira ntchito pazifukwa izi:

• Mafuta ochuluka kwambiri amapezeka pamwamba pa chipangizocho;
• Kuphwanya kutchinjiriza kwa zingwe kapena kuswa mzere;
• Lama fuyusi (pinout chingatithandize kupeza chinthu lolingana mu bokosi lama fuyusi, amene makamaka anasonyeza pa nkhani chivundikirocho);
• Kwa mitundu ya VAG, zovuta zama sensa ndizogwirizana mwachindunji ndi kusweka kwa switch ya hood.

Zikuwoneka kuti, nyumbayi ikukhudzana bwanji ndi sensa yamafuta. Malingaliro opanga (imagwira ntchito pagalimoto zomwe zimachokera pagulu lamakampani, za VAGndi lotsatira. Dongosolo lamagetsi limalumikizidwa kudzera pa switch ya malire. Woyendetsa akawona kuti mafuta amatha kuyatsa mwadongosolo, mwachilengedwe, amatsegula nyumba kuti awonjezere mafuta, kapena kuti aone ngati wayamba.

Zomwe zimayambitsa kachipangizo kameneka zimapereka chiwonetsero kwa olamulira, akuti, dalaivala adasintha zina napita kokwerera. Pochita izi, wopanga adaikapo ECU kuti izimitse alamu paukhondo mpaka galimoto itayenda pafupifupi makilomita 100 (ngati mafuta sanapitirire).

Malire osokonekera amawonedwa ngati kuwonongeka kwa sensa yamafuta. Pachifukwa ichi, musanakhazikitse sensa yatsopano pamakina ngati amenewa, muyenera kuyang'ana kaye kusinthika kwa malire. Kupanda kutero, ngakhale sensa yogwiritsira ntchito kondomu silingapangitse kuti oiler pa dashboard azimitse.

Kusankha kachipangizo chatsopano

Kusankhidwa kwa chatsopano lero ndi kophweka chifukwa chakuti opanga osiyanasiyana amapanga mitundu yambiri yazipangizo zamagalimoto zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa cha izi, masensa osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza oyesa mulingo, kutentha ndi kuthamanga kwa mafuta mu injini, ndi kwakukulu.

Ndi bwino kukhazikitsa chida chomwe chidapangidwa kuti chikhale mtundu wina wamagalimoto, osati kusankha zofananira. Njira yodalirika yopezera zoyenerana ndikusaka nambala ya VIN yagalimoto. Komwe nambala iyi ili komanso momwe amafotokozera imafotokozedwa apa... Cholinga chake ndikuti galimotoyo itha kukhala yamitundu ina yopumira (momwe restyling imasiyanirana ndikumasulidwa kwa nkhope ndi m'badwo wotsatira, werengani payokha), ndichifukwa chake gawo laukadaulo la mtundu womwewo, koma chaka chosiyanasiyana chopanga, chimatha kusiyanasiyana.

Njira yachiwiri yopezera chipangizocho ndi nambala ya m'ndandanda kapena nambala yomwe ikuwonetsedwa pachidacho. Muthanso kupeza gawo loyambirira pouza wogulitsa mtundu wagalimoto, kuchuluka kwa injiniyo (pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa kuchuluka kwathunthu ndi magwiridwe antchito a injini yoyaka yamkati, werengani apa) ndipo galimoto itatsika pamzere wa msonkhano.

Ngati pali chikhumbo chokhazikitsa akupanga kwamakono m'malo moyimira matenthedwe kapena mtundu woyandama, choyamba muyenera kufunsa akatswiri za izi. Simuyenera kukhazikitsa mtundu wopanga nokha, chifukwa mwina sungagwire bwino ntchito kapena kutsutsana ndi zamagetsi zamagalimoto.

Momwemonso, muyenera kubwera kumalo operekera chithandizo ndi gawo loyambirira kapena fufuzani zosankha kuchokera m'ndandanda wa kampaniyo ngati ntchito yamagalimoto imaperekanso chimodzimodzi. Ngati sizingatheke kugula zoyenerera zoyambirira, ndiye kuti mutha kusankha analogue ya bajeti yomwe siyotsika mtengo kuposa yoyambayo.

Zogulitsa izi zimaperekedwa ndi makampani otsatirawa:

• Hella waku Germany, Metzger, SKV kapena Hans Pries;
• ERA yaku Italiya kapena Nyama & Doria;
• Denso waku Japan.

Makina ambiri (oyandama) ndi masensa otenthetsera amakhala ponseponse ndipo amatha kuyikidwa pagalimoto zosiyanasiyana. Ponena za mtengo, zoyambirira zidzawononga pafupifupi 50-60% kuposa bajeti yofananira, ngakhale mtunduwo sungadutse.

Pomaliza

Chifukwa chake, kuwunika momwe mafuta amagwirira ntchito pamakina amakono sichinthu china chowonjezera, koma ntchito yofunikira. Kukhazikika kwamagetsi kumapangitsa kuti kukhale kosavuta kuti muwone mulingo, kutentha, kuthamanga, komanso pakusintha kwina, mtundu wamafuta mu crankcase.

Kulephera kwa sensa iyi kumakhala kosowa kwenikweni, koma ngati kuli kofunikira ndikufunitsitsa kuyendetsa mozungulira galimoto, imasintha mosavuta popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zida zowonjezera. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuonetsetsa kuti chinthu ichi ndi cholakwika.

Kanemayo, pogwiritsa ntchito VAZ 2110 monga chitsanzo, akuwonetsa komwe mungapeze cholingana ichi ndi momwe mungasinthire:

Chojambulira cha mafuta mu injini ya VAZ 2110: chomwe chiri, komwe ilipo ndi momwe mungasinthire!

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi sensor ya mafuta a injini imagwira ntchito bwanji? Sensa iyi imagwira ntchito pa mfundo ya sonar (ultrasound ikuwonekera kuchokera pamwamba pa mafuta ndipo imalandiridwa ndi chipangizo). Mlingo wamafuta umatsimikiziridwa ndi mlingo womwe chizindikirocho chimalandirira.

Dzina la sensor level mafuta ndi chiyani? Akatswiri pawayilesi amatcha chinthu choyezera mafuta kukhala chosinthira bango. Maginito okhazikika amagwira nawo ntchito. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa mafuta, maginito amagwira ntchito pa bango losinthira (mu masiwichi oyandama).

Kodi sensa ya mulingo wamafuta ili kuti? Popeza sensa iyi iyenera kuzindikira kuchuluka kwa mafuta, iyenera kuyanjana ndi mafuta opangira makina. Chifukwa chake, imayikidwa m'malo osungiramo mafuta.