Galimoto yamafuta achilengedwe ndi chiyani?

Kugwiritsa ntchito gasi wachilengedwe

M'magalimoto a gasi, gasi ndi omwe amawononga chilengedwe. Kugwiritsa ntchito gasi wachilengedwe m'magalimoto kumatha kuchepetsa zomwe zili mumpweya wa carbon dioxide ndi 25%, carbon monoxide ndi 75%. Chigawo chachikulu cha gasi ndi methane. Mpweya wachilengedwe umasungidwa pamagetsi a 200 bar, chifukwa chake dzina lake lina ndi gasi wachilengedwe, CNG. Pakali pano, magalimoto oposa 15 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi amayendera gasi. Ubwino wina wa gasi wachilengedwe ndi mtengo wake wotsika. Methane ndi yotsika mtengo nthawi 2-3 kuposa mafuta. Kuipa kogwiritsa ntchito gasi kumaphatikizapo kuchepetsa mphamvu zamagalimoto, mpaka 20% malinga ndi polojekitiyi. Kuwonjezeka kwa ma valve pamene injini ikugwira ntchito pa gasi komanso kukwera mtengo kwa zida za gasi. Payokha, ziyenera kunenedwa za chitetezo cha magalimoto omwe akuyenda pa gasi.

Galimoto yophunzira pa gasi

Kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi Germany Automobile Club (ADAC) akuwonetsa kuti ngozi yakuwotcha magalimoto kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo sikukulirakulira. Ndiye kuti, ngozi ikachitika, galimoto yamafuta achilengedwe imakhala ngati galimoto wamba. Pali mitundu yotsatirayi yamagalimoto achilengedwe. Kupanga magalimoto, opangidwa mozungulira pamafakitale opanga makina. Magalimoto osinthidwa amasinthidwa kukhala mabizinesi apadera. Makina achilengedwe a gasi amapezeka m'mitundu iwiri. Mafuta awiri, mafuta ndi mafuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana, mutha kusintha mitundu ndi mafuta amafuta, mafuta oyambira, pali thanki yamafuta mwadzidzidzi, kusinthitsa mafuta. Magalimoto a Mono-mafuta ndioyenera kwambiri gasi wachilengedwe, amakhala ndi mafuta abwino komanso mpweya wotsika.

Magalimoto amafuta amafuta

Kuti asinthe kukhala galimoto ya gasi, opanga magalimoto akugwiritsa ntchito injini zamafuta zomwe zilipo kale. Izi ndi injini zoyatsira moto. Ma injini a Turbocharged ali oyenerera kwambiri kutembenuza mpweya. Kusintha kwa ntchito ya turbocharger, kuponderezana kwakukulu, kukakamiza kowonjezera, kumakupatsani mwayi wokwaniritsa mphamvu zomwezo komanso mawonekedwe amagetsi amafuta ndi mafuta. Makhalidwe a gasi woponderezedwa akuwonjezeka kukana kuphulika, chiwerengero cha octane cha 130 ndi kusowa kwa mafuta odzola, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa injini. Pofuna kuthana ndi zinthuzi, kusintha kosiyanasiyana kumapangidwa ku gawo lamakina la injini. Kuwonjezeka kwamphamvu kwazinthu zamtundu uliwonse ndi zigawo zake, zikhomo za pistoni ndi mphete, zoyika zochapira, zowongolera ma valve ndi mipando.

Siriyo makina mpweya

Ngati ndi kotheka, matenthedwe opangira ma jakisoni wamafuta amakula, magwiridwe antchito amapaipi amadzi ndi mafuta amakula, ndi mapulagi omwe amasinthidwa. Magalimoto achilengedwe amaperekedwa ndi opanga magalimoto ambiri kuphatikiza Audi, BMW, Citroen, Chevrolet, Fiat, Ford, Honda, Hyundai, Mercedes-Benz, Opel, Peugeot, Seat, Skoda, Toyota, Volkswagen, Volvo. Galimoto imagulitsidwa m'malo omwe gasi lachilengedwe limafala kwambiri. Galimoto zamafuta achilengedwe sizigulitsidwa mwalamulo mdziko lathu. Galimoto yamafuta achilengedwe imatha kupangidwa mdziko muno. Magalimoto amafuta osinthidwa. Mwachidziwitso, magalimoto onse oyendera mafuta amatha kusandulika kukhala gasi. Malo apadera amapereka kukhazikitsidwa kwa zida zamafuta zamafuta achilengedwe kuchokera kwa opanga osiyanasiyana.

Zida zamagalimoto zamagalimoto

Zotsatira zake ndi galimoto yamafuta awiri yomwe imatha kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ndi mafuta. Chifukwa cha kukwera mtengo kwa gasi, zida zamafuta zimayikidwa makamaka pagalimoto zamalonda, matakisi, mabasi, ndi magalimoto. Komwe imalipira mwachangu ndipo imapindulitsa kwambiri. Ma injini a dizilo amathanso kusandulika kukhala gasi. Pali njira ziwiri. Kukakamiza poyatsira mafuta osakaniza ndi mpweya, kukhazikitsa dongosolo loyatsira ndi zida zamagesi. Ndipo kuyaka kwadzidzidzi kwa mafuta osakanikirana ndi mpweya, injini yoyendera osakaniza dizilo ndi gasi wachilengedwe. Chifukwa chokwera mtengo, ma injini a dizilo a mabasi ndi magalimoto amasinthidwa kukhala mpweya wachilengedwe.

Galimoto yamagalimoto

Zida zamagesi. Zida zamiyala (LPG) zosunthira pamafuta achilengedwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi makina amagetsi komanso njira zamagetsi. Kupanga zida zopangira LPG ndi magalimoto osinthidwa ndizofanana ndipo atha kukhala ndi kapangidwe kosiyana kutengera wopanga LPG. Makina opangira gasi wachilengedwe amaphatikizira chitseko chodzaza, masilinda a gasi, mpweya wothamanga kwambiri, woyang'anira mpweya, mzere wamagawa wamagesi ndi mavavu amafuta. Khosi lodzaza mpweya, mphuno yodzaza mpweya, ili pafupi ndi khosi lodzaza mafuta. Zitsulo zamagalasi zimadutsamo mukadzaza ndi mpweya mukapanikizika. Kutengera kukula kwa injiniyo, chimoto chimodzi kapena zingapo zokulirapo zamagesi zamagetsi zamagetsi osiyanasiyana zimayikidwa mgalimoto.

Ili kuti yamphamvu yamafuta yamagetsi yamagetsi ili kuti

M'magalimoto ambiri, ma silinda nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pagalimoto, m'malo osinthidwa - m'chipinda chonyamula katundu. Ma cylinders amamangiriridwa ku mabatani a thupi. Kuchokera pamasilinda, gasi amalowa mupaipi yothamanga kwambiri kupita kumagetsi owongolera mpweya, zomwe zimatsimikizira kuti kupanikizika kwa gasi kumatsika mpaka kukakamiza kwadzina. Pazida zamagetsi, diaphragm kapena plunger type pressure regulators amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutsika kwa mphamvu ya mpweya kumayendera limodzi ndi kuzizira kwake kwamphamvu. Pofuna kupewa kuzizira, nyumba yowongolera mpweya wa gasi imaphatikizidwa mu dongosolo lozizira la injini. Gasi pa mphamvu yogwira ntchito imalowa mu chitoliro chogawa gasi ndiyeno ku ma valve operekera mpweya kupita kumagulu ambiri. Vavu yoperekera mpweya, m'malo ena mpweya wa mpweya, ndi valavu ya solenoid.

Ntchito yamagesi

Pakamagwiritsidwa ntchito pakapangidwe kazitsulo, chida chimakwera ndipo dzenje limatseguka. Mpweya wotere umalowa m'malo ambiri ndikusakanikirana ndi mpweya. Pakalibe pano, kasupe amasunga valavu pamalo otsekedwa. Dongosolo lamagetsi lamagetsi limaphatikizira masensa olowera. Pamagalimoto opanga, kasamalidwe ka gasi ndikulumikiza kwa makina oyang'anira injini. Magalimoto osinthidwa ali ndi makina osiyana owongolera. Zowonjezera zimaphatikizapo sensa yamagetsi yamagetsi komanso makina opangira magetsi. Chojambulira chakumapeto champhamvu chimakhala pamagetsi oyang'anira. Imatsimikizira kupezeka kwa mpweya pamiyeso ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya komanso kuchuluka kwake kwa silinda. Chojambulira chopanikizika mu chitoliro chogawa gasi chimazindikira kuthamanga kwa gasi pamagetsi otsika.

Magalimoto amafuta

Kutengera izi, nthawi yakutsegulira ma valve yamagetsi yatsimikizika. Zizindikiro zochokera kumasensa zimatumizidwa ku gawo loyang'anira zamagetsi. Gawo loyang'anira limagwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso kuchokera ku makina ena, masensa oyang'anira injini, liwiro la injini, malo othamanga, kachipangizo ka oxygen. Ndipo ena, molingana ndi ma algorithm ophatikizidwa a unit control, ndiwosangalala kuchita ntchito. Sungani jekeseni wamafuta kutengera kuthamanga kwa injini, katundu, gasi komanso kuthamanga. Kuwongolera kwa gasi wa Lambda, kuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yosakanikirana imagwiranso ntchito, kusintha kwapamwamba kwambiri kwama gasi. Kutentha kozizira kwa injini, ndikutentha kwa mpweya kwa 10 ° C pansi pa injini yoyambira mafuta. Kuyamba kwadzidzidzi kwa injini, ngati gasi atuluka, mafuta opanga ma mileage samachitidwa kwa masekondi ochepa. Ntchitoyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendetsa.