Zomwe mukuyenera kudziwa pokhazikitsa zida zama methane pagalimoto?
Zamkatimu
Ndondomeko yamagetsi yamagalimoto
Auto-methane dongosolo. Masiku ano, methane ali pakati pa zokambirana zamafuta ena amagalimoto. Amatchedwa mpikisano waukulu wa mafuta ndi dizilo. Methane yayamba kale kutchuka kwambiri padziko lapansi. Zoyendera zapagulu ndi zida zapadera zochokera ku USA, China, Italy ndi mayiko ena ambiri zimangowonjezeredwa ndi mafuta oteteza zachilengedwe. Chaka chino njira yosinthira ku methane idathandizidwa ndi Bulgaria. Dziko lomwe lili ndi nkhokwe zazikulu zamafuta abuluu padziko lapansi. Methane ndiye chigawo chachikulu cha gasi, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mafuta oponderezedwa. Nthawi zambiri, methane imasakanizidwa ndi propane-butane, mpweya wa hydrocarbon wa liquefied, womwe umagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati mafuta agalimoto. Komabe, awa ndi zinthu ziwiri zosiyana kotheratu! Ngati kusakaniza kwa propane-butane kumapangidwa kumalo opangira mafuta, ndiye kuti methane ndi mafuta omalizidwa omwe amachokera kumunda kupita kumalo opangira mafuta. Musanadzaze thanki yagalimoto, methane imapanikizidwa mu kompresa.
Bwanji kuyika methane pagalimoto yanu
Chifukwa chake, chifukwa mawonekedwe a methane amakhala ofanana nthawi zonse, sangathe kuchepetsedwa kapena kuwonongeka. Methane imatchedwa mafuta odalirika kwambiri pazifukwa. Ndipo, mwina, makamaka chifukwa cha mtengo wake wokongola. Kubwezeretsanso galimoto kumawononga nthawi 2-3 zotsika mtengo kuposa mafuta kapena dizilo. Mtengo wotsika wa methane ndi chifukwa chakuti ndi mafuta okhawo ku Bulgaria omwe mtengo wake umayendetsedwa. Iwo sangakhoze kupitirira 50% ya mtengo wa A-80 mafuta. Chifukwa chake, 1 m3 ya methane imawononga pafupifupi BGN 1,18. Pankhani yokonda zachilengedwe, methane imasiyanso onse omwe akupikisana nawo. Masiku ano, gasi ndi mafuta osawononga chilengedwe. Methane imakumana ndi muyezo wa Euro 5, poigwiritsa ntchito, kuchuluka kwa mpweya woyipa kumachepetsedwa kangapo. Poyerekeza ndi petulo, mpweya wotuluka wa injini ya methane uli ndi carbon monoxide yocheperako 2-3, 2 kucheperako nitrogen oxide, ndipo utsi umachepetsedwa ndi 9 nthawi.
Ubwino wa methane
Chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti palibe sulfure ndi mankhwala otsogolera, omwe amawononga kwambiri mlengalenga ndi thanzi laumunthu. Kukhazikika ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi zakusintha kwa methane padziko lonse lapansi. Otsutsa methane nthawi zambiri amatsutsa kuti mpweya umatengedwa ngati wophulika. Ponena za methane, mawu awa ndi osavuta kutsutsa pogwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso cha maphunziro asukulu. Kuphulika kapena kuyatsa kumafuna kusakaniza kwa mpweya ndi mafuta mu chiŵerengero china. Methane ndi yopepuka kuposa mpweya ndipo sangapange kusakanizana - imangosowa. Chifukwa cha malowa komanso poyatsira moto kwambiri, methane ndi mgulu lachinayi lachitetezo pakati pa zinthu zoyaka. Poyerekeza, mafuta ali ndi gulu lachitatu, ndipo propane-butane ili ndi yachiwiri.
Kodi akasinja amagetsi a methane amadzipangira chiyani?
Ziwerengero zoyesa kuwonongeka zimatsimikiziranso chitetezo cha akasinja a methane. Ku fakitaleyo, akasinjawa amayesedwa kangapo mphamvu. Kukumana ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwambiri, kutsika kuchokera kumtunda wapamwamba, ngakhale kuwoloka mikono. Matanki amapangidwa ndi khoma lolimba lomwe limatha kulimbana ndi kuthamanga kwa ma 200mlengalenga, komanso zovuta zilizonse. Zovekera yamphamvu zili ndi chida chapadera chodzitchinjiriza. Mwadzidzidzi, valavu yapadera yamagetsi yambiri imayimitsa gasi ku injini. Kuyesaku kunachitika ku United States. Kwa zaka 10, amayang'anira magalimoto a 2400 a methane. Munthawi imeneyi, panali ngozi 1360, koma palibe silinda imodzi yomwe idawonongeka. Onse omwe ali ndi magalimoto ali ndi chidwi ndi funso loti phindu bwanji kusinthira methane?
Chitsimikizo chabwinobwino cha galimoto yogwiritsa ntchito methane
Kuti muwerenge kuchuluka kwa ndalama, muyenera kupanga kuwerengera. Choyamba, tiyeni tione momwe tidzagwiritsire ntchito methane. Pali njira ziwiri zosinthira galimoto poyika zida zamafuta, LPG kapena kugula methane yamafakitale. Kuti muyike HBO, muyenera kulumikizana ndi akatswiri. Akatswiri ochokera m'malo ovomerezeka amakupatsirani chitsimikiziro chabwinobwino komanso chitetezo. Kutembenuka kumatenga masiku osapitilira awiri. Kusankha galimoto ya methane kulinso kovuta. Atsogoleri apadziko lonse lapansi opanga magalimoto, kuphatikiza Volkswagen, Opel komanso Mercedes-Benz ndi BMW, akupanga mitundu yamagetsi yama methane. Kusiyana kwamitengo pakati pamagalimoto amtundu wamafuta ndi mtundu wa methane kudzakhala pafupifupi $ 2.
Zoyipa zamagalimoto pa methane
Ngakhale kuti gasi ali ndi ubwino wambiri, ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito gasi ndi wosatsutsika. Pofuna kupatsa aliyense mwayi wowonjezeranso ndi methane, malo opangira injini zamagesi akumangidwa ku Bulgaria lero. Kusintha kwa methane kudzafalikira. Ndipo lero mukhoza kuyamba kupulumutsa pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta amakono, okonda zachilengedwe. Methane ilinso ndi zovuta zake. Choyamba, HBO ya methane ndiyokwera mtengo komanso yolemera. Ma gearbox ovuta kwambiri komanso masilinda olimba amagwiritsidwa ntchito. M'mbuyomu, zida zolemera zokha zidagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zinali zolemetsa. Tsopano pali chitsulo-pulasitiki, chomwe chikuwoneka chopepuka, koma chokwera mtengo. Kachiwiri, masilindala a methane amatenga malo ochulukirapo - amangokhala ma cylindrical. Ndipo matanki a propane amapezeka mumitundu yonse ya cylindrical ndi toroidal, yomwe imawalola kuti "abisika" mu gudumu lopuma bwino.
Chiwerengero cha Octane cha methane
Chachitatu, chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwambiri, mpweya wocheperako umalowa m'mitsempha yama methane kuposa propane. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kulipira pafupipafupi. Chachinayi, mphamvu ya injini ya methane imatsika kwambiri. Pali zifukwa zitatu izi. Kuti muwotche methane, pamafunika mpweya wochulukirapo komanso wokhala ndi mphamvu yofanana yamphamvu, kuchuluka kwakusakanikirana ndi mpweya-mpweya kudzakhala kochepera kuposa mpweya wamafuta. Methane ili ndi nambala yochuluka ya octane ndipo imafuna chiŵerengero chapamwamba kwambiri kuti ayatse. Kuphatikizana kwa mpweya-mpweya kumawotchera pang'onopang'ono, koma kusokonekera kumeneku kumalipidwa pang'ono pokhazikitsa poyatsira poyambira kapena kulumikiza chida chapadera, chosinthira. Kutsika kwa mphamvu mukamagwira ntchito ndi propane sikofunikira kwenikweni, ndipo mukakhazikitsa jakisoni ndi HBO, ndizosavomerezeka. Ndipo zochitika zomaliza zomwe zimalepheretsa kufalikira kwa methane. Malo ogwiritsira ntchito methane odzaza malo ambiri akukula kwambiri kuposa propane. Kapena kulibiretu.
Mafunso ndi Mayankho:
Chifukwa chiyani methane ndi yowopsa mgalimoto? Choopsa chokha cha methane ndi depressurization ya thanki. Ngati ming'alu yaing'ono ikuwonekera mu silinda (makamaka imawonekera pa gearbox), ndiye kuti imabalalitsa ndikuvulaza omwe ali pafupi.
Kodi methane amagwiritsa ntchito bwanji pa 100 km? Zimatengera "kususuka" kwa injini ndi kalembedwe ka dalaivala. Pafupifupi, methane amadyedwa pafupifupi 5.5 beeches pa 100 kilomita. Ngati injini idya malita 10. petulo pa zana, ndiye pafupifupi 9 cubic metres ya methane idzachoka.
Kodi methane kapena petulo ndi chiyani? Mafuta otayika amatha kuyaka. Methane ndi yosasunthika, kotero kutayikira kwake sikuli koyipa kwambiri. Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa octane, kuyendetsa injini pa methane kumatulutsa mphamvu zochepa.
Kodi pali kusiyana kotani pakati pa propane ndi methane? Propane ndi gasi wamadzimadzi. Amanyamulidwa pansi pa kupanikizika kwapamwamba kwa 15 atmospheres. Methane ndi gasi lachilengedwe, lomwe limadzaza m'galimoto mopanikizika mpaka 250 atm.
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