Zomwe muyenera kudziwa zokhudza chisamaliro cha batri yamagalimoto?

Kukonza mabatire ndi kuyeretsa kosakira ndi burashi ya waya

Kukonza batri. Chongani batire, ngati maselo ndi losweka, batire ndi anabwerera kukonza. Fumbi ndi dothi zimachotsedwa, mabowo m'mapulagi kapena zivindikiro amatsukidwa. Onani milingo yama electrolyte m'mabatire onse. Mulingo wa electrolyte umayang'aniridwa ndi densimeter. Pachifukwa ichi, mabowo okhala ndi 2mm m'mimba mwake amabowola nsonga zawo pamtunda wa 15 mm kuchokera pansi. Mukamayang'ana, chotsani zisoti za batri. Nsonga ya densimeter imatsitsidwa mu phando lililonse kuti mudzaze gridi yoteteza mpaka itayima. Finyani ndi kutsitsa babu, onani kudzazidwa kwa botolo ndi electrolyte ndi kachulukidwe kake. Ngati mulibe ma electrolyte mulingo wake utakhala pansi pa dzenje loboola, lembani botolo la densitometer ndi madzi osungunuka ndikuwonjezera pa batri. Mukayang'ana mulingo wa electrolyte, wononga zisoti.

Kuwunika kwa batri ndi kukonza

Onetsetsani kuti zingwe zoyambira zama waya ndizolumikizana bwino ndi malo amagetsi. Malo awo olumikizirana ayenera kukhala okosijeni momwe angathere. Ngati ma nozzles ndi mabowo azisungunuka, amatsukidwa ndi pepala lokhala ndi abrasive, lokutidwa ndi kondomu yodulira ndikuzungulira. Zimasuntha mosiyanasiyana. Mukachotsa malekezero a mawaya ndi malo amagetsi a batri, apukuteni ndi chiguduli. Amakonzedwa mkati ndi kunja ndi Vaseline waluso VTV-1 ndipo amalimbitsa molimba ma bolt, kupewa mavuto ndi kupindika kwa mawaya. Kukonza batri. Ndi TO-2, kuwonjezera pa ntchito TO-1, kuchuluka kwa electrolyte ndi kuchuluka kwa dilution kumayang'aniridwa. Kuchuluka kwake kwa electrolyte m'mabatire kumatsimikiziridwa ndi densitometer ya KI-13951. Amakhala ndi thupi la pulasitiki lokhala ndi mphuno, botolo la labala komanso zoyandama zisanu ndi chimodzi.

Kukonzekera kwa batri ndi kuwerengera kwake

Yapangidwe kachulukidwe ka 1190, 1210, 1230, 1250, 1270, 1290 kg / m3. Electrolyte ikayamwa pamwamba pa thupi la densitometer, imayandama, yomwe imafanana ndi kachulukidwe kocheperako kachulukidwe ka electrolyte. Makamaka, kuchuluka kwa electrolyte kumatsimikizika ndi kuchuluka kwa batri, mita yachinyontho yomwe imakhala ndi mulingo wa 1100-1400 km / m3. Ndipo mtengo wamagawo amodzi pamiyeso ndi 10 kilogalamu / m8. Mukayeza kuyeza kwake, nsonga ya densimeter imamizidwa motsatira batri lililonse. Pambuyo pofinya botolo la labala komanso mu botolo momwe ma hydrometer amayandama, kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte kumasonkhanitsidwa. Kuchuluka kwake kwa electrolyte kumawerengedwa pamlingo wa hydrometer poyerekeza ndi meniscus yotsika ya electrolyte. Kusiyanitsa kwa makulidwe a ma electrolyte m'mabatire sikuyenera kupitilira 20 kg / m3. Ndikusiyana kwakukulu, batiri lasinthidwa.

Mphamvu ya Electrolyte

Ngati madzi osungunuka awonjezeredwa pa batri, kachulukidwe kamayesedwa pambuyo pa mphindi 30-40 za injini. Makamaka, kuchuluka kwa electrolyte kumatha kuyezedwa kumapeto kwa chiphaso chomaliza batire yatsopano ikagwiritsidwa ntchito. Densimeter yamafuta imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu botolo lama cylindrical lokhala ndi 20mm m'mimba mwake. Kutulutsa kwake kumatha kutsimikizika ndi kachulukidwe kotsika kwambiri kamene kamayesedwa mu imodzi mwa mabatire. Ngati kutentha kwa ma electrolyte kuli kochepera kapena kupitilira 20 ° C, kutentha kumakonzedwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa ma elekitirodi. Kukonza batri. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa batri, ma resistor amapanga njira zitatu zokhazikitsira mabatire. Pogwiritsa ntchito ma batri a 40-65 Ah, amatipatsa mphamvu pakukankha kumanzere ndikutsegula malo oyenera.

Kukonza batri

Akalamulidwa pa 70-100 Ah, samakana. Pogwiritsa ntchito kumanzere ndikutsegula malo oyenera, ndikumapatsa 100-135 Ah, amatembenukira kumayendedwe onsewo mofananamo, ndikuwombera malo awiri. Mphamvu yamagetsi yoyendetsa batire siyenera kutsika pansi pa 1,7 V. Kusiyana kwamphamvu pakati pa mabatire payokha sikuyenera kupitirira 0,1 V. Ngati kusiyana kuli kwakukulu kuposa mtengo uwu kapena batire limatulutsidwa ndi 50% nthawi yachilimwe komanso kuposa 25% m'nyengo yozizira. Mabatire ouma owuma auma ndipo ma electrolyte amakonzedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito batriya ya sulfuric acid, madzi osungunuka ndi magalasi oyera, zadothi, mphira wolimba kapena zotengera. Kuchulukitsitsa kwa electrolyte yotsanulidwayo kuyenera kukhala 20-30 kg / m3 yocheperako pakachulukidwe kofunikira pamachitidwe awa.

Kusamalira batri louma louma

Chifukwa kuchuluka kwa mbale zomwe zili pa batri louma bwino kumakhala ndi 20% kapena kuposa sulphate ya lead, yomwe ikakamizidwa imasanduka siponji, lead dioxide ndi sulfuric acid. Kuchuluka kwa madzi osungunuka ndi asidi sulfuric ofunikira kukonzekera 1 litre wa electrolyte zimatengera kuchuluka kwake. Kukonzekera kuchuluka kofunikira kwa electrolyte. Mwachitsanzo, pa batri ya 6ST-75, momwe 5 litre a electrolyte okhala ndi 1270 kg / m3 amatsanulira, kuchuluka kwa kachulukidwe kofanana ndi 1270 kg / m3 kumachulukitsidwa ndi asanu, kutsanulidwa mu dongo loyera, la ebonite kapena galasi lokhala ndi 0,778. -5 = 3,89 malita a madzi otchezedwa. Ndipo poyambitsa, tsitsani 0,269-5 = 1,345 malita a asidi sulfuric m'magawo ang'onoang'ono. Sikuletsedwa kutsanulira madzi mu asidi, chifukwa izi zimapangitsa kutentha kwa ndege yamadzi ndikutulutsa nthunzi ndi madontho a asidi wa sulfuric.

Momwe mungasungire batiri

Chotsatira chake cha electrolyte chimasakanizidwa bwino, utakhazikika mpaka kutentha kwa 15-20 ° C ndipo kachulukidwe kake kamayang'aniridwa ndi densimeter. Mukakumana ndi khungu, ma electrolyte amatsukidwa ndi 10% ya sodium bicarbonate solution. Thirani ma electrolyte m'mabatire pogwiritsa ntchito magolovesi a labala pogwiritsa ntchito chikho chadothi ndi ndodo yamagalasi mpaka 10-15 mm pamwamba pa waya. Maola atatu mutadzaza, yesani kuchuluka kwa ma electrolyte m'mabatire onse. Kuwongolera mulingo wama mbale osalimbikitsa. Kenako pangani mayendedwe angapo olamulira. Pakazungulira komaliza, kumapeto kwa kulipiritsa, kuchuluka kwa ma elekitirodi kumabweretsa phindu lofananira m'mabatire onse powonjezera madzi osungunuka kapena ma electrolyte okhala ndi kachulukidwe ka 3 kg / m1400. Kutumiza popanda zophunzitsira nthawi zambiri kumangothamangitsa kutulutsa ndikufupikitsa moyo wa batri.

Mtengo wamakono wamakono ndi kukonza kwa batri

Mtengo wapano wamabatire oyamba ndi otsatilawo nthawi zambiri umasungidwa ndikusintha charger. Kutalika kwa kulipiritsa koyamba kumadalira kutalika ndi kusungira kwa batri. Mpaka electrolyte ikatsanuliridwa ndipo imatha kufikira maola 25-50. Kulipira kumapitilira mpaka kusintha kwakukulu kwamagesi kumachitika m'mabatire onse. Ndipo kachulukidwe ndi magetsi a ma electrolyte amakhala osasintha kwa maola atatu, zomwe zikuwonetsa kutha kwa kulipiritsa. Kuti muchepetse kutentha kwa ma mbale abwino, magetsi omwe amalipiritsa kumapeto kwa chiphaso amatha kuchepetsedwa. Kutulutsa batri polumikiza rheostat ya waya kapena mbale kumalo omaliza a batri ndi ammeter. Nthawi yomweyo, makonzedwe ake amasungidwa ndi kutulutsidwa kwamtengo wofanana ndi 3 yama batri omwe amatchulidwa mu Ah.

Kulipiritsa ndi kukonza mabatire

Kulipiritsa kumathera pomwe batire yamagetsi yoyipitsitsa ndi 1,75 V. Mukatulutsidwa, batire limadzazidwa mlandu pakali pano pamilandu yotsatira. Ngati batire yomwe yapezeka nthawi yoyamba kutulutsa sikokwanira, kuyendetsa ndi kuphunzitsa kumabwereza. Sungani mabatire omwe adauma m zipinda zowuma ndi kutentha kwa mpweya pamwamba pa 0 ° C. Kutsitsa kouma kumatsimikizika kwa chaka chimodzi, ndi mashelufu okwanira azaka zitatu kuyambira tsiku lopanga. Chifukwa kutulutsa kokha ndi komwe kumakhala batire kwamuyaya komanso kulimba kwake mukamagwiritsa ntchito ndikusungidwa mokwanira kumakhala kotalika. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muwalipire magetsi mwezi uliwonse mukasunga mabatire, kungolipira kutulutsa ndikuletsa kutayika kwa electrolyte.

Kukonza batri

Pakutsitsa kotsika kwaposachedwa, ndimabatire okhawo olimba, amadzaza mokwanira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti aone kuchuluka kwake ndi mulingo wa electrolyte. Poterepa, magetsi oyendetsa akuyenera kukhala osiyanasiyana 2,18-2,25V pa batri lililonse. Ma charger ang'onoang'ono amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kulipiritsa mabatire aposachedwa kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, wokonzanso wa VSA-5A amatha kuperekanso kachipangizo kakang'ono ka mabatire 200-300. Kutalika kwa ma elekitirodi sikupitilira 1,9 mm, opatukanawo amapangidwa ngati phukusi lomwe limayika ma elekitirodi omwe ali ndi polarity yomweyo. Ndi TO-2, dothi limachotsedwa m'mabatire awa, ma vents m'mapulagi amatsukidwa, ndipo kulumikizidwa kwa waya kumayang'aniridwa ngati kulimba. Madzi osungunulidwa sawonjezedwa kamodzi kamodzi ndi theka mpaka zaka ziwiri. Pofuna kuwongolera mulingo wa electrolyte, pali zipsera pakhoma lammbali la monoblock yama translucent pamlingo wochepa komanso wapamwamba wa ma electrolyte.

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Momwe mungakulitsire kuchuluka kwa electrolyte mu batri? Ngati kusachulukira kwa electrolyte sikunabwezeretsedwe pambuyo polipira, electrolyte (osati madzi osungunuka) akhoza kuwonjezeredwa kumadzimadzi.

Momwe mungachepetse kachulukidwe ka electrolyte mu batri? Njira yotsimikizika ndikuwonjezera madzi osungunuka ku electrolyte, ndiyeno kulipiritsa batire. Ngati mitsuko ili yodzaza, muyenera kusankha pang'ono electrolyte.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa electrolyte mu batri kuyenera kukhala kotani? Mu banki iliyonse ya batri, kachulukidwe ka electrolyte kuyenera kukhala kofanana. Gawoli liyenera kukhala mkati mwa 1.27 g / cc.

Zoyenera kuchita ngati kachulukidwe ka electrolyte ndi wotsika? Mutha kusinthanso ma electrolyte mu batri kapena kubweretsa yankho lazomwe mukufuna. Kwa njira yachiwiri, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa asidi ku mitsuko.