Chipangizo cha injini
Valve yolowera
M'kope lino tidzakambirana za ma valve olowetsa ndi kutuluka, komabe, tisanalowe mwatsatanetsatane, tidzayika zinthu izi kuti timvetsetse bwino. Injini imafunikira njira yogawira mpweya wotulutsa ndi kutulutsa, kuwongolera ndikuwasuntha kudzera munjira zambiri kupita kumagulu ambiri, chipinda choyaka moto komanso kutulutsa kosiyanasiyana. Izi zimatheka kudzera mu njira zingapo zomwe zimapanga dongosolo lotchedwa kugawa. Injini yoyatsira mkati imafunikira kusakaniza kwamafuta-mpweya, komwe, kukawotchedwa, kumayendetsa njira za injiniyo. Muzinthu zambiri, mpweya umasefedwa ndikutumizidwa kuzinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangidwira, kumene mafuta osakaniza amayesedwa kudzera mu machitidwe monga carburetor kapena jekeseni. Kusakaniza komalizidwa kumalowa m'chipinda choyaka moto, kumene mpweya uwu umayaka ndipo, motero, umasintha mphamvu yotentha kukhala mphamvu yamakina. Pambuyo pomaliza…
Kodi chipika cha injini ndi chiyani?
Kodi chipika cha injini ndi chiyani (ndipo chimachita chiyani)? Chombo cha injini, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti cylinder block, chili ndi zigawo zonse zazikulu zomwe zimapanga pansi pa injini. Apa crankshaft imazungulira, ndipo ma pistoni amayenda m'mwamba ndi pansi m'mabowo a silinda, amayatsidwa ndi kuyaka kwamafuta. M'mapangidwe ena a injini, imakhala ndi camshaft. Nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi aluminium alloy pamagalimoto amakono, omwe nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo pamagalimoto akale ndi magalimoto. Kapangidwe kake kachitsulo kamapangitsa kuti ikhale yamphamvu komanso yokhoza kusamutsa bwino kutentha kuchokera ku njira zoyaka moto kupita ku dongosolo lozizira lophatikizika. Chida cha aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi chitsulo choponderezedwa cha pisitoni kapena zokutira zapadera zolimba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamabowo pambuyo pokonza. Poyambirira, chipikacho chinali chipika chachitsulo chonyamula mabowo a silinda, ...
kasupe wa valve
Kodi kasupe wa valve ndi chiyani ndipo amagwira ntchito bwanji? Mutha kukhala mukudziwa momwe kasupe wa valve amagwirira ntchito kuti apangitse injini yagalimoto yanu, koma akasupe awa amathandizanso kwambiri paukadaulo wapamadzi. Malingana ngati akasupe amatha kusunga mphamvu yofunikira, adzakuthandizani kupewa kulephera kwa injini mwadzidzidzi ndi kuwonongeka. Mwachidule, zimathandiza kuti ma valve anu aziyenda bwino. Koma ndi zochuluka kuposa zimenezo. Werengani kuti mudziwe za mavuto omwe valve ya kasupe ingathandize kupewa, phunzirani za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma valve a kasupe, ndikumvetsetsa momwe mungadziwire zizindikiro za vuto. Kodi ma valve springs amachita chiyani? Choyamba, tiyeni tikambirane ntchito ya valve kasupe m'nyanja. Chitsime cha valve chimayikidwa kuzungulira tsinde la valve ...
Kusintha kwa injini: mphamvu zambiri, kugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono, kuchita bwino!
Injini zamagalimoto atsopano afakitale amawunikidwa kuti apange mphamvu yapakatikati. Ngati mukufuna kuti galimoto yanu ikhale yogwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti izichita bwino, kukonza injini ndi chinthu chanzeru kuchita. Pali zambiri zomwe zingatheke. Kutentha kwa Arctic, monga kutentha kwa m'chipululu, ndikosowa ku Ulaya, kotero zosintha zambiri zosasinthika ndizochepa. Ndi ma calibrations awa, opanga amapanga chiwopsezo pakati pa magwiridwe antchito ndi moyo wautumiki ndikukonza kochepa. Ndipo zowonjezera: amadya magwiridwe antchito omwe amatha kubwezeredwa kugalimoto ndi thandizo la akatswiri. Mainjiniya ayenera kuganizira za nyengo zonse zomwe zingatheke. Mitundu ya ikukonzekera Kukonzekera sikumangotengera kulowerera kwamakina mu injini, ngakhale zonse zidayamba pamenepo ndikubwezeretsanso ma turbo boosters, compressor, jakisoni wa nitrous oxide, ndi zina zambiri. Nthawi ndi nthawi, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwapanga mwayi watsopano wowongolera magwiridwe antchito agalimoto. Panopa…
Injini yama stroke awiri mgalimoto
Dziko la magalimoto lawona zambiri zomwe zikuchitika mu powertrains. Ena a iwo anazizira mu nthawi chifukwa chakuti mlengi analibe ndalama zopititsira patsogolo chitukuko cha ana ake. Zina zinali zosagwira ntchito, choncho zochitika zoterezi zinalibe tsogolo labwino. Kuphatikiza pa injini yapamwamba ya mzere kapena V, opanga amapanga magalimoto okhala ndi zida zina zamagetsi. Pansi pa hood ya zitsanzo zina, munthu akhoza kuona injini ya Wankel, boxer (kapena boxer), injini ya haidrojeni. Opanga ma automaker ena amatha kugwiritsabe ntchito ma powertrains odabwitsa m'mitundu yawo. Kuphatikiza pa zosintha izi, mbiri imadziwa ma motors angapo opambana omwe sali okhazikika (pali nkhani ina ya ena mwa iwo). Tsopano tiyeni tiyankhule za injini yotere yomwe pafupifupi palibe aliyense wa oyendetsa ...
Lumikizanani ndi zida zoyatsira
Galimoto iliyonse yokhala ndi injini yoyatsira mkati imakhala ndi makina oyatsira pamagetsi. Kuti kusakaniza kwa mafuta a atomu ndi mpweya m'masilinda azitha kuyatsa, kutulutsa koyenera kumafunika. Kutengera kusinthidwa kwa netiweki pa bolodi la galimoto, chiwerengerochi chimafika ma volts 30. Kodi mphamvu yotereyi imachokera kuti ngati batire m'galimoto imapanga ma volts 12 okha? Chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapanga magetsi awa ndi coil yoyatsira. Tsatanetsatane wa momwe zimagwirira ntchito komanso zosintha zomwe zilipo zikufotokozedwa mu ndemanga ina. Tsopano tiyeni tiyang'ane pa mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito imodzi mwa mitundu yoyatsira - kukhudzana (mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya SZ ikufotokozedwa apa). Kodi njira yoyatsira galimoto ndi yotani Magalimoto amakono alandira makina amagetsi amtundu wa batri. Chiwembu chake chili motere...
Alternator Regulator: Udindo, Ntchito ndi Kusintha
Alternator regulator ndi gawo lamagetsi la alternator. Chifukwa cha izi, kutulutsa, kuchulukira komanso kuchuluka kwa batire sikuphatikizidwa. Zowonadi, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kusunga mphamvu ya batri. Imamangirizidwa ku jenereta ndipo imatha kusinthidwa yokha ngati ikulephera. ⚙️ Kodi jenereta regulator ndi chiyani? L 'alternateur yagalimoto yanu imakupatsani mwayi woti mulipirire batire. Imapanga magetsi kuti ikhale ndi mphamvu ndipo motero zimasunga zida zamagetsi zagalimoto yanu zikuyenda. Le regulator ndi gawo la alternator. Udindo wa alternator regulator ndikusunga mphamvu ya batri ndipo potero kupewa kutulutsa batire ndikuwonjezera mphamvu. Pomaliza, alternator regulator imalepheretsa batire kuti isachuluke. Zowonadi, jenereta imayendetsedwa nthawi zonse ndi chingwe chowonjezera. Ngati betri yadzaza ...
Kodi bokosibode, zabwino ndi zoyipa ndi chiyani
Mumzindawu, galimoto yonyamula katundu sangawonekere. Sichikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndipo nkhaniyo ikunena chifukwa chake. Koma kunja kwa midzi kapena paulendo, ma pickups amakumana nthawi zonse. Chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti galimoto yonyamula katundu si SUV, koma galimoto yosiyana ndi mbiri yake. Galimoto yonyamula katundu ndi galimoto yonyamula katundu yotseguka - nsanja. Iyi ndi galimoto yogwira ntchito, yoyima pakati pa galimoto ndi SUV. Zimasiyana ndi zotsirizirazo pamtengo wotsika, zomwe ndizopindulitsa kwambiri kwa ogula aku Russia ndi akunja. Amakhulupirira kuti galimoto yoyamba yonyamula katundu inalengedwa mu 20s ya zaka za m'ma 20 ku North America. Wopangayo anali Ford, ndipo galimotoyo inkatchedwa Ford T ndipo inkaonedwa ngati galimoto ya alimi. Kumbuyo kwake kunali...
Injini ya mafuta: chipangizo, njira yogwirira ntchito, zabwino ndi zovuta
Kuti galimotoyo izitha kuyenda paokha, iyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yomwe imapanga torque ndikutumiza mphamvu iyi kumawilo oyendetsa. Pachifukwa ichi, opanga njira zamakina apanga injini yoyaka mkati kapena injini yoyaka mkati. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito unit ndikuti pamapangidwe ake osakaniza mafuta ndi mpweya amawotchedwa. Galimotoyi idapangidwa kuti igwiritse ntchito mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa pozungulira mawilo. Pansi pa hood ya galimoto yamakono, petulo, dizilo kapena mphamvu yamagetsi ikhoza kuikidwa. Mu ndemanga iyi, tiyang'ana pa kusinthidwa kwa petulo: pa mfundo iti yomwe unit imagwira ntchito, ili ndi chipangizo chanji, ndi malingaliro ena othandiza momwe angakulitsire moyo wa injini yoyaka mkati. Kodi injini yagalimoto yamafuta ndi chiyani Choyamba, tiyeni tikambirane mawuwa. ...
Wankel injini - chipangizo ndi mfundo ntchito galimoto RPD
M'mbiri yonse yamakampani opanga magalimoto, pakhala pali njira zambiri zotsogola, mapangidwe a zigawo ndi misonkhano yasintha. Zaka zoposa 30 zapitazo, kuyesa mwakhama kunayamba kusamutsa injini ya pistoni kumbali, kupereka mwayi kwa injini ya Wankel rotary piston. Komabe, chifukwa cha zochitika zambiri, makina ozungulira sanalandire ufulu wawo wamoyo. Werengani za zonsezi pansipa. Momwe zimagwirira ntchito Rotor ili ndi mawonekedwe a katatu, ndi mawonekedwe a convex kumbali iliyonse, yomwe imakhala ngati pisitoni. Pa mbali iliyonse ya rotor pali malo apadera omwe amapereka malo ochulukirapo osakaniza mafuta-mpweya, motero amawonjezera kuthamanga kwa injini. Pamwamba pa nkhopezo pali chotchinga chaching'ono chosindikizira chomwe chimathandizira kuchitidwa kwa muyeso uliwonse. Kumbali zonse ziwiri, rotor ili ndi mphete zosindikizira zomwe zimapanga khoma la zipinda. Pakati pa rotor ili ndi mano, ndi ...
Kuphatikiza kwama viscous: chida, zovuta ndi kukonza
Injini iliyonse yoyaka mkati imafunikira dongosolo lozizirira bwino. Izi zili choncho chifukwa cha ntchito yake. Chisakanizo cha mpweya ndi mafuta chimatenthedwa mkati mwa masilinda, pomwe chitsulo cha cylinder, mutu, utsi ndi machitidwe ena oyandikana nawo amawotcha kutentha kwambiri, makamaka ngati injiniyo ili ndi turbocharged (werengani chifukwa chake turbocharger ili m'galimoto ndi momwe mungachitire. zimagwira ntchito, werengani apa). Ngakhale zinthuzi zimapangidwa ndi zinthu zosagwira kutentha, zimafunikirabe kuzizizira (ngati zitenthedwa kwambiri, zimatha kufowoka ndikukulitsa). Kuti achite izi, opanga magalimoto apanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya machitidwe ozizira omwe amatha kusunga kutentha kwa injini (zomwe chizindikirochi chiyenera kufotokozedwa m'nkhani ina). Chimodzi mwa zigawo za dongosolo lililonse lozizira ndi fani. Chipangizocho chokha...
Makina a VTEC a injini yamagalimoto
Injini zoyatsira mkati zamagalimoto zikuyenda bwino nthawi zonse, mainjiniya akuyesera "kufinya" mphamvu yayikulu ndi ma torque, makamaka osagwiritsa ntchito kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa masilinda. Akatswiri opanga magalimoto a ku Japan adadziwika chifukwa chakuti injini zawo zakuthambo, kumbuyo kwa zaka za m'ma 90 zazaka zapitazi, zidalandira mahatchi 1000 kuchokera ku 100 cm³. Tikulankhula za magalimoto a Honda, omwe amadziwika ndi ma torquey, makamaka chifukwa cha VTEC. Kotero, m'nkhaniyo tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane zomwe VTEC ili, momwe imagwirira ntchito, mfundo yoyendetsera ntchito ndi mapangidwe ake. Kodi VTEC Variable Valve Timing ndi Lift Electronic Control system ndi chiyani, yomwe imamasuliridwa ku Chirasha, ngati njira yoyendetsera magetsi nthawi yotsegulira ndikukweza kutalika kwa valve yogawa gasi. M'mawu osavuta, ndi njira yosinthira ...
Engine vavu. Cholinga, chida, kapangidwe
Kuti injini yoyaka mkati mwa makina anayi agalimoto iliyonse igwire ntchito, chipangizo chake chimaphatikizapo magawo osiyanasiyana ndi njira zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa. Mwa njira zotere - nthawi. Ntchito yake ndikuonetsetsa kuti ma valve akugwira ntchito panthawi yake. Zomwe zili zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane apa. Mwachidule, njira yogawa gasi imatsegula valavu yowonongeka / yotulutsa mpweya pa nthawi yoyenera kuti iwonetsetse nthawi yomwe ndondomekoyi ikuyendera pamene mukuchita sitiroko mu silinda. Nthawi zina, mabowo onse amafunikira kutsekedwa, ena, amodzi kapena onse amatseguka. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane mfundo imodzi imene imatithandiza kukhazikika ndondomekoyi. Ichi ndi valavu. Kodi mapangidwe ake ndi otani, nanga amagwira ntchito bwanji? Kodi valve ya injini ndi chiyani?
Kodi Motronic System ndi chiyani?
Kuti injiniyo ikhale yogwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana komanso yolemetsa, ndikofunikira kugawa bwino mafuta, mpweya, komanso kusintha nthawi yoyatsira. Mu injini zakale zama carbureted, ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa kulondola kotere. Ndipo pakusintha pakuyatsa, njira yovuta yosinthira camshaft idzafunika (dongosolo ili lafotokozedwa kale). Kubwera kwa makina owongolera zamagetsi, zidakhala zotheka kukonza bwino magwiridwe antchito a injini yoyaka mkati. Njira imodzi yotereyi idapangidwa ndi Bosch mu 1979. Dzina lake ndi Motronic. Ganizirani chomwe chiri, pa mfundo yake, ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwake. Chipangizo cha Motronic system Motronic ndikusintha kwa jekeseni wamafuta, omwe amathanso kuwongolera kugawa kwamafuta panthawi imodzi. ...
Pampu yolimbikitsira ndi mpope wamafuta: ntchito
Pampu yoyambira ndi pampu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pobweza mafuta kuchokera ku tanki, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala patali kwambiri ndi chipinda cha injini. Kuti mumve zambiri pamakina onse amafuta pitani apa. Pulojekiti / pampu yamafuta imakhala ndi mota yoyamwa, fyuluta ndi chowongolera kukakamiza. Nthunzi zamafuta sizimatumizidwanso mlengalenga, koma zimasonkhanitsidwa mu canister (popanda kukonza). Mpweya uwu ukhoza kubwezeredwa ku mpweya kuti uyambike bwino, zonse zimayendetsedwa ndi kompyuta. Malo Pampu yolimbikitsira, yomwe imatchedwanso pampu yamafuta komanso ngakhale pampu yolowera pansi, ndi pampu yamagetsi yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala mu tanki yamafuta agalimoto. Pampu yolimbikitsira iyi imalumikizidwa kudzera papaipi kupita ku pampu yothamanga kwambiri yomwe ili mu injini. Pampu yonyamula imalumikizidwanso ndi ...
Kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka valavu yampweya
Valve ya throttle ndi imodzi mwamagawo ofunikira kwambiri pamakina olowera mkati mwa injini yoyaka moto. M'galimoto, ili pakati pa manifold ambiri ndi fyuluta ya mpweya. Mu injini za dizilo, throttle sikufunika, komabe, imayikidwabe pamainjini amakono ngati itachitika mwadzidzidzi. Zinthu zilinso chimodzimodzi ndi injini zamafuta ngati zili ndi makina owongolera ma valve. Ntchito yaikulu ya valve throttle ndi kupereka ndi kuwongolera mpweya wofunikira kuti pakhale kusakaniza kwa mpweya-mafuta. Chifukwa chake, kukhazikika kwa njira zoyendetsera injini, kuchuluka kwamafuta ndi mawonekedwe agalimoto yonse kumadalira ntchito yoyenera ya damper. Chida cha Throttle Kuchokera pakuwona kothandiza, valavu ya throttle ndi valve yodutsa. Pamalo otseguka, kupanikizika mu dongosolo la kudya kuli kofanana ndi mlengalenga. Monga…
