Kuyendetsa galimoto BMW 320D, Mercedes C 220 CDI, Volvo S60 D3: zambiri ndi golide chilengedwe

Ngati wopangayo akufuna kuchita bwino m'gulu la anthu osankhika apakati, adzayenera kuthana ndi omwe akupikisana nawo awiri - C-class ya kampaniyo. Mercedes ndi "troika" BMW. Ichi ndichifukwa chake sedan yatsopano ya Volvo ya S60 imatsutsa mitundu yake ya dizilo yosagwiritsa ntchito mafuta.

Monga ngati kulira kwachitsulo (chitsulo cha Swedish!) Mimbulu yamveka kale, ikulira S60 yakale. Mwina idzalemekezedwa ngati Volvo yeniyeni yomaliza chifukwa, mosiyana ndi wolowa m'malo mwake, siinamangidwe pa nsanja ya Ford. Iwo adzadzudzula chitsanzo chatsopano chifukwa chosagwira ntchito zachabechabe mapangidwe, iwo adzapanga sewero la pamanja kusintha kutalika kwa zingwe. Kubwerera mu 760 mu 1982, lamba wapampando amangoganizira za thupi la dalaivala ndi wokwera pafupi naye. Kufunika kodzichitira nokha ndikutsimikiza kukwiyitsa azikhalidwe monga momwe tsogolo la mtundu wawo womwe amawakonda lidasankhidwa kale ndi Geely. Ku China. Komabe, kwa S60 zilibe kanthu - zili ngati thumba la mpunga likugwa kwinakwake m'dziko lomwe lili ndi madola biliyoni. Chifukwa chakuti chitsanzocho chinapangidwa asanasinthe umwini.

Kuphatikiza / kuchotsa

Ngakhale kalembedwe kake, kamasiyana ndi omwe amapikisana nawo mosamala, koma mawonekedwe olimba mwamphamvu amatsogolera kuwonongeka ndi mawonekedwe amkati. Chifukwa chazitali zotsika padenga, mpando wakumbuyo wakhazikika kwambiri kwakuti okwerawo akulu amayenera kupindika miyendo yawo mosongoka. Mwachidule, kutali ndi ma sedan apamwamba, pali malo kumbuyo kumbuyo kwa katundu wokwanira malita 380 a katundu.

Kumbali ina, mkati mwake, S60 imapereka malingaliro amtundu wa Volvo - lingaliro lapadera lachitetezo ndi cosiness zomwe olimbikitsa mtundu amakonda kufananiza ndi malingaliro a mwana, akuwopsezedwa ndi namondwe wausiku, yemwe akugona pabedi ndi ake. makolo. Zowonadi, galimotoyo imakhudza miyoyo ya woyendetsa ndi woyendetsa ndege kumbuyo kwa zipilala za A-zambiri zokhala ndi mipando yayikulu, yabwino kwambiri yachikopa, kuwonjezera kwa zida zopangidwa mwaluso za aluminiyamu komanso malo okongola kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi izi, C 220 CDI yolimba kwambiri, ngakhale ili ndi zida za Avantgarde, imawoneka ngati yopanda pake, koma ilinso ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri, "troika" ikuwoneka ngati yopanda mtundu kwa inu.

Ndondomeko ya mfundo

S60 yatsopano ndi mtundu woyamba wa Volvo wokhala ndi kasamalidwe katsopano kantchito ndi kachitidwe kamene kali komveka bwino komanso kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito kuposa kakale. Uku si kuyamikira, chifukwa sakanatha kuzipangitsa kukhala zovuta kuposa kale. Poyerekeza ndi machitidwe odziwika bwino komanso omveka bwino a menyu mu C-Class ndi Troika, masanjidwe atsopano mu S60 akadali osokoneza.

Nthawi yomweyo, a Swede amataya mfundo zomwe adapeza chifukwa chaukadaulo wachitetezo. Ndilo galimoto yokhayo yomwe imakhala yofanana ndi dongosolo la City-Safety, dongosolo lomwe limabweretsa galimoto kuti liyime pazochitika zadzidzidzi ndipo motero limalepheretsa ngozi pa liwiro la 35 km / h ndikupanga zotsatira zake. chopiririka kwambiri poyendetsa mwachangu. Kuphatikiza apo, phukusi lachitetezo limaphatikizapo kuwongolera maulendo ndi chenjezo la dalaivala ndikusintha mtunda, oyang'anira akhungu ndi kusunga kanjira.

BMW imangotsutsana ndi kayendetsedwe ka maulendo amtunda, ndipo Mercedes (isanafike kusinthidwa kwachitsanzo kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2011) imapereka phukusi laling'ono la Pre-Safe lomwe limakhala losokoneza kwa omwe amadzitcha kuti Stuttgart mpainiya wa chitetezo cha galimoto. Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti zida za mtundu wa Volvo sizigwira ntchito modalirika nthawi zonse - pakuyesa, machenjezo adapereka ma alarm angapo onyenga.

Chitonthozo ndi mphamvu

Ponena za kuyendetsa bwino galimoto, Volvo akuchita, ngati sizodabwitsa, pang'ono pang'ono. Chassis yake imatenga ma bampu bwino kuposa kuyimitsidwa kwa Mercedes, ndipo ngakhale popanda ma dampers ogwira ntchito kumalepheretsa kugwedezeka. Zowonjezerapo izi ndi mipando yabwino kwambiri pamayeso, komanso phokoso lochepa pakamveka phokoso lakumutu pamphamvu ya injini ya dizilo.

The awiri-lita unit palokha - yochepa sitiroko Baibulo la 2,4-lita dizilo - limasonyeza chiyambi, kugawira voliyumu ntchito yake pa masilindala asanu. Izi zili ndi phindu pankhani ya chitonthozo chokwera - poyerekeza ndi ma acoustics a silinda asanu, injini ziwiri za German zinayi zamphamvu zimamveka trite - koma palinso zovuta zazing'ono, ponena za kugwiritsira ntchito mafuta apamwamba chifukwa cha kukangana kwambiri mkati.

Ofooka pang'ono pokoka ndi phlegmatic pamene akudutsa, dizilo imaphatikizidwa ndi maulendo asanu ndi limodzi omwe amasuntha pang'ono koma ndi kukayikira kwina kwa lever. giya "yaitali" wachisanu ndi chimodzi ndi chizindikiro chokha cha chuma cha mafuta mu chitsanzo ichi. Ngakhale mtunda wa S60 ndi wabwino, Mercedes komanso makamaka BMW ndizowotcha mafuta.

Panjira

Poyesa chitetezo cha pamsewu, zitsanzo zonse zitatu zili pamtunda wofanana. Zofooka zokha za Volvo ndizozungulira mozungulira modabwitsa komanso mtunda wautali woyenda pamabwalo oyenda mosiyanasiyana pansi pa mawilo akumanzere ndi kumanja (μ-kugawanika). Kumbali yake, BMW imachita chidwi ndi kupumira pang'ono pomwe ikugwiritsa ntchito mokwanira ndalama zake zolipirira. Pali kusiyana kwakukulu pamagwiridwe - S60 sinali yamasewera monga momwe amalengezera.

Kwa galimoto yoyendetsa kutsogolo, Volvo ndi yolimba kwambiri kuzungulira ngodya, ndipo mphamvu zoyendetsa galimoto zimakhalabe ndi zotsatira zochepa pa chidziwitso chochepa chowongolera pamsewu. Zikatero, kusuntha katatu kokha kumapeto kwa mbali - kumakhalabe ngwazi yogwira ntchito m'kalasi yapakati yokhala ndi khalidwe lopanda ndale, ndipo chiwongolero, ngakhale cholemetsa pang'ono, chimagwira ntchito bwino ndipo chimapereka ndemanga zabwino pokhudzana ndi msewu. . . Ndipo popeza kuyenda kolimba koyimitsidwa kumakhala chopinga m'mikhalidwe yotere, BMW imasiya kuchita izi ndikutumiza kugwedezeka kowoneka komwe kumakhala ndi mabampu akulu kuthupi.

Pomaliza, kuchepetsa izi ndi chifukwa cha kuchepetsedwa kukwera kutalika, amene ali mbali ya miyeso austerity pamodzi ndi centrifugal pendulum mu wapawiri misa flywheel. Imapereka mathamangitsidwe okhazikika apakati kuchokera pa 1000 rpm ndikukwera. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, 320d ili kutali ndi chitsanzo choyenda pang'onopang'ono, dizilo ya lita-lita ziwiri ikukoka mwamphamvu - osachepera m'magiya otsika a gearbox oyendetsa bwino asanu ndi limodzi, omwe magiya ake apamwamba ndi "atali" magiya. kuchepetsa elasticity.

Malangizo okhwima osinthasintha amaperekanso ndalama zochepetsera. Ngati mumvera malangizo a chizindikirocho, mutha kutsika mpaka malita 3,9 pa 100 km - mtengo wotsika kwambiri wagalimoto yolemera matani 1,5, kufika pafupifupi 230 km / h. zikuwoneka zovomerezeka kwambiri.

Pang'ono, koma kuchokera pansi pamtima

Zida zokhazikika ndi mutu wovuta kwa C-class nawonso. Ngakhale kuti S60 yapamwamba kwambiri imapereka nyali za bi-xenon ndi upholstery wachikopa, mtengo wokwera mtengo wa €800 C 220 CDI umayatsa msewu ndi mababu a halogen ndipo wokutidwa ndi chikopa chabodza. Kuti mufike pamlingo wa Volvo, ndikofunikira kuyika ndalama zoposa 10 BGN pazowonjezera zina. Ndipo ponena za ndalama, mukhoza kuyamba ndi kusiya mlingo wa Avantgarde, chifukwa 000 leva kuposa zokongoletsera za chrome, simudzapeza chilichonse chofunikira.

Kupanda kutero, 220 CDI, yokhala ndi injini yayitali komanso yosinthika kwambiri, ndiye C-Class yowona yomwe idakhalapo. Izi zikutanthawuza malo okwanira mu kanyumba ndi thunthu, palibe zodzinamizira kuchita mu khalidwe msewu, kuyimitsidwa workable, sikisi-liwiro kufala ndi kusuntha kosavuta osati momveka bwino, ndipo tsopano chinachake chatsopano - dongosolo chiyambi, amene, ngati. mu "troika" Zimagwira ntchito mofulumira komanso modalirika, koma sikokwanira kukwaniritsa mtengo wotsika wa BMW.

Mayeso ofananiza amatha ndi kusiyana pang'ono kwa zigoli. Izi zidzakondweretsa mafani a Swedish steel, popeza S60 ikusewera kale mu Champions League ndipo imakhalabe Volvo weniweni. Ndipo kwa iwo omwe sangakonde izi, mawu atsopano a kampani yaku Sweden ndi "Moyo si Volvo yokha". Inde, pali zinthu zina m'moyo - monga "troika" ndi C-kalasi.

mawu: Sebastian Renz

chithunzi: Ahim Hartman

Chuma cha mafuta

BMW 320d Efficient Dynamics Edition imachepetsa kukana kwa mpweya kudzera m'malo otsika. Njira yochepetsera mphamvu yamagetsi komanso magiya atali otumizira amathandizira kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito. Kuwonjezera apo, chitsanzocho chili ndi dongosolo loyambira ndi chizindikiro chokhala ndi malangizo osintha. Ngakhale pa liwiro lotsika kwambiri, limalimbikitsa kukwera, chifukwa pendulum ya centrifugal mu flywheel imakulolani kuyendetsa mofulumira - kuchokera ku 1000 rpm ndi pamwamba, injini imakoka popanda kukoka.

Mercedes tsopano ikonzekeretsanso C 220 CDI yake poyambira poyambira ndikuwonetsa chosinthira. Makompyuta omwe ali pa bolodi amatha kuwonetsa zomwe akugwiritsa ntchito ngati bar graph, ndipo dongosolo la infotainment likuwonetsanso kusintha kwakumwa kwakanthawi. Eni ake a Volvo amakakamizidwa kuyendetsa galimoto popanda thandizo kapena upangiri.

kuwunika

1. Mercedes C 220 CDI Avantgarde - 497 mfundo

Kupambana kwa gulu la C kumachitika chifukwa cha thupi lotakasuka, kutonthoza kwabwino osati moyenera koma molimbika kugwiritsa ntchito injini ya dizilo ya 2,2-lita. Komabe, a Mercedes abwerera m'mbuyo pankhani yazida zachitetezo posachedwa. Mtengo wokwerawo sulungamitsidwa chifukwa cha zida zoyipa.

2. BMW 320d Efficient Dynamics Edition - 494 балла.

Makina opapatiza "atatu" amalandila mayendedwe azachuma komanso mwamphamvu, komanso kulimba komanso chitetezo panjira, ndikukwera kumalo achiwiri. Komabe, ma 320d sapereka chitonthozo choyengedwa kapena zida zapamwamba. Ziwerengero zaposachedwa kwambiri zakukondweretsanso ndizokhumudwitsa.

3. Volvo S60 D3 Summum - 488 mfundo.

Ngakhale idalengezedwa ngati mtundu wamasewera, S60 ndiyabwino pano. Zowona, injini yake siyabwino kwambiri komanso siyithamanga kwambiri, koma imayenda bwino kwambiri. Ngakhale zida zake zabwino kwambiri zachitetezo komanso mtengo wokwanira, makinawo sangakwaniritse zotayika chifukwa cha kuwongolera koyipa kwa ntchito komanso kuzungulira kwakukulu.

Zambiri zaukadaulo

1. Mercedes C 220 CDI Avantgarde - 497 mfundo	2. BMW 320d Efficient Dynamics Edition - 494 балла.	3. Volvo S60 D3 Summum - 488 mfundo.
Ntchito voliyumu	-	-	-
Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu	Zamgululi 170 ks pa 3000 rpm	Zamgululi 163 ks pa 3250 rpm	Zamgululi 163 ks pa 3000 rpm
Kuchuluka makokedwe	-	-	-
Kupititsa patsogolo 0-100 km / h	8,2 s	7,7 s	9,3 s
Ma braking mtunda pa liwiro la 100 km / h	37 m	39 m	38 m
Kuthamanga kwakukulu	232 km / h	228 km / h	220 km / h
Kuchuluka kwa mowa mafuta pamayeso	6,7 l	6,1 l	6,9 l
Mtengo Woyamba	68 589 levov	65 620 levov	66 100 levov

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