Adsorber. Zomwe zili mgalimoto, ndichifukwa chiyani, zimakhudza chiyani komanso zizindikilo zazikulu za kulephera

Makampani amakono agalimoto amapatsa dziko lokonda magalimoto mitundu yambiri yamagalimoto kuti akwaniritse zovuta zilizonse zoyendera. Komanso, magalimoto amasiyana wina ndi mzake osati mawonekedwe okha. Woyendetsa galimoto aliyense ali ndi lingaliro lake momwe galimoto yabwino kwambiri iyenera kukhalira. Ndipo nthawi zambiri gawo lazoyendetsa limakhala lofunikira kwambiri.

Pansi pa hood, galimoto yamakono imapeza injini yoyaka mkati yoyendetsedwa ndi mafuta kapena dizilo. Ndi miyezo yowonjezeka yazachilengedwe, opanga sikuti amangopanga ma powertrains okhala ndi mpweya woyeretsa, koma akupanganso zosankha zingapo zamagalimoto amagetsi ndi hybrids. Komabe, uwu ndi mutu kubwereza kwina... Tsopano tikambirana mbali imodzi ya ntchito ya galimoto, mphamvu wagawo amene amayendera mafuta.

Oyendetsa magalimoto ambiri amadziwa kuti mafuta amasanduka nthunzi msanga kwambiri. Ngakhale mafutawo atakhala mu chidebe chatsekedwa, akangotsegulidwa, nthunzi zake zimatulutsidwa mumlengalenga. Pachifukwa ichi, ngakhale galimoto ikangoyendetsa kawirikawiri, thanki yathu yonse imangokhala yopanda kanthu.

Kuti mafuta akhalebe mu thanki yamafuta, ndipo mpweya wambiri wamafuta sulowa mumlengalenga, makina a EVAP, kapena adsorber, amaikidwa mu thankiyo. Ganizirani chifukwa chake amafunikira mgalimoto, ngati simunali m'galimoto zakale. Tidzakambilananso za kagwiridwe ka ntchito, momwe kuyeretsa kumachitikira komanso momwe tingazindikirire kusokonekera kwa dongosolo.

Kodi adsorber ndi EVAP system ndi chiyani?

Tiyeni choyamba timvetse matchulidwe. Ad adsorber, kapena EVAP system, ndi mtundu wopatukana wamagalimoto womwe umatsuka mpweya ndikusiya thanki yamafuta ku nthunzi za mafuta. Chipangizochi chimalepheretsa kukhudzana mlengalenga ndi thankiyo ndi mpweya. Mwa mawonekedwe ake osavuta, ndimafayilo amakala amakala, omwe ndi gawo la mafuta obwezeretsa nthunzi (EVAP).

Izi ndizovomerezeka pagalimoto iliyonse yamakono. Ena oyendetsa galimoto molakwika amazitcha kuti absorber. Ngakhale mfundo zamachitidwe awa ndizofanana, ndi otsatsa malonda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto. Chifukwa chagona pazovuta za ntchito yoyeretsa mpweya wolowa m'dongosolo.

Chowotacho chimatenga fungo losasangalatsa lomwe limakhala mumtsinjewo chifukwa chosefera kudzera mu chinthu chamadzimadzi chomwe mpweya womwe umayeretsedwa umadutsamo. Chida choterocho chimakhalanso ndi sump ndi njira yoyeretsera madzi kuti ntchitoyo ipitirire. Chodziwika bwino cha kukhazikitsa koteroko ndikuti kuyeretsa kumachitika chifukwa cha mayendedwe ake ndi voliyumu yonse ya fyuluta. Kuvuta kwa kapangidwe kake ndi njira yonse yodziyeretsera kumapangitsa kukhala kosatheka kugwiritsa ntchito zoyamwa zamagalimoto. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'malo opangira, omwe ntchito yawo imalumikizidwa ndi mpweya waukulu wakuda mumlengalenga.

Wotsatsa malonda amachotsanso zowononga kuchokera mlengalenga, zimangochita izi pamaziko oyamwa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gawo lonse lamadzi la nthunzi ya mafuta limakhazikika pamwamba pa chopatulira ndikubwerera ku thanki yamafuta. Mpweya umatsukidwa ndikudyetsa muzochulukitsa kuti uchotse mu silinda limodzi ndi mpweya woyaka wa mafuta / mafuta. Kwenikweni, ndi chopatula chokha chodziyeretsera ndi fyuluta yokhazikika.

Zigawo zamagawo

The adsorber ndi cylindrical kapena cubic pulasitiki chidebe chodzazidwa ndi activated carbon. Izi ndi fyuluta yabwino kwambiri ya bajeti yokhala ndi neutralization ya nthunzi yamafuta.

1 Mafuta awiriawiri
2 mpweya
3 Chizindikiro kuchokera pa kompyuta
4 valavu yotsuka zitsulo
5 Mpweya wamafuta umalunjikitsidwa kumalo ochuluka

Dongosolo lokha lili ndi:

• Wolekanitsa. Imagwira tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta petulo timene timayikamo ndipo mafutawo amabwerera ku thanki yamafuta;
• Mavavu okokera. Mumayendedwe abwinobwino, gawo ili silimakhudzidwa. M'malo mwake, valavu iyi ndiyofunikira pamene galimoto ikugudubuza kuti mafuta asatayike mu thanki;
• pressure sensor. Izi zimawongolera kuthamanga kwa mpweya wa petulo mu thanki ya gasi, kuti zisawonongeke kapena kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito amafuta. Ngati kupanikizika kuli kwakukulu, valavu imatulutsa zowonjezera zake;
• Sefa media (nthawi zambiri amakhala malasha). Gawo ili la dongosolo limatsuka mtsinje wodutsa kuchokera ku nthunzi ya petulo;
• Machubu olumikiza zinthu za dongosolo ndi thanki yamafuta. Popanda iwo, ngakhale nthunzi sizidzachotsedwa kapena mpweya wa condensate udzabwerera ku thanki yamafuta;
• valve solenoid. Imayikidwa kuti isinthe machitidwe ogwiritsira ntchito dongosolo.

Chifukwa chiyani mukufuna adsorber?

Kukula koyamba kwa wotsatsa magalimoto kumawoneka ngati njira ina yomwe idakulitsa kuyanjana kwamagalimoto. Ndiyamika chipangizo ichi ndi wamakono wagawo mphamvu galimoto akhoza kutsatira Euro2-muyezo. Yokha, dongosololi silofunikira pakuyendetsa bwino magalimoto. Ngati yakonzedwa molondola jakisoni wamafuta, kuwulula kuyatsa ndikukonzekeretsa galimoto chothandizira, ndiye kuti galimotoyo izitsatira miyezo yowuma kwambiri yazachilengedwe.

Njirayi sinagwiritsidwe ntchito mu injini za carburetor. Pachifukwa ichi, pali mafuta omwe amakhala pafupi ndi galimoto yakale. Ngati mayendedwe amasungidwa mumsewu, ndiye kuti sizowoneka. Koma ndizosatheka kukhala m'galimoto pafupi ndi galimoto ngati iyi kwa nthawi yayitali popanda zizindikilo zakupha ndi mpweya wa mafuta.

Pakubwera ma injini oyaka mkati, adsorber ndi gawo lofunikira pagalimoto iliyonse. Chowonadi ndichakuti sikungochotsa mpweya wa utsi wokha kudzera paipi yotulutsa utsi yomwe imawononga chilengedwe. Nthaka za mafuta zimalowanso mlengalenga, ndipo ngakhale injini yabwino kwambiri yomwe ili ndi makina amakono oyeretsera mpweya wopanda makinawa osakonzera nthunzi wopangidwa mu thanki yamafuta sangakwaniritse zofunikira pamachitidwe azachilengedwe.

Kumbali imodzi, ndikotheka kutseka thanki yamafuta mosavomerezeka, ndipo vutoli latha - utsi sulowa m'malo. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti mafuta adzaleka kusanduka nthunzi. Zotsatira zake, kukakamira kumadzuka mu thanki losindikizidwa (makamaka nthawi yotentha). Izi ndizosafunikira pamafuta amafuta. Pachifukwa ichi, payenera kukhala mpweya wabwino mu thanki.

Likukhalira bwalo loipa: thanki silingathe kutsekedwa mwamphamvu kuti nthunzi za mafuta zisawonjezere kupanikizika kwake, koma ngati mpweya ulowamo, nthunzi zomwezo zimalowa mumlengalenga. Cholinga cha adsorber ndikungokhalira kupanikizika mu thanki pamtunda, koma nthawi yomweyo chilengedwe sichidetsedwa ndi nthunzi zoyipa.

Kuphatikiza pa zovuta zachilengedwe, opanga makina awongolera chitetezo cha magalimoto omwe. Chowonadi ndichakuti galimoto ikasungidwa mu garaja, popanda adsorber, mpweya pafupi nayo udzadzaza ndi utsi wowopsa. Mosalephera, mpweya uwu umalowanso mkati mwagalimoto. Ngakhale mawindo ali otseguka mukamayendetsa, zimatenga nthawi kuti mavutowa asokonezeke. Chifukwa cha ichi, dalaivala, komanso onse okwera ndege, amapumira pang'ono mpweya woipawo ndikudziipitsa okha.

Ali kuti wotsatsa malonda ali kuti

Mwachidziwitso, popeza adsorber amaletsa kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi nthunzi za mafuta kuchokera mu thankiyo ndi mpweya wabwino, ndiye kuti iyenera kukhala mu thanki yamafuta yokha kapena pafupi nayo. M'malo mwake, wopanga makinawo amasankha yekha komwe angayikemo chinthu chofunikira kwambiri mgalimoto. Kotero, zitsanzo za galimoto zapakhomo (Lada) zili ndi adsorber, yomwe pafupifupi mitundu yonse ili pansi pa nyali yoyera.

Mumakina ena, chinthuchi chimatha kuyimilira pamiyala limodzi ndi gudumu lopumira, pachitetezo cha mafuta chokha, pansi pa zingwe zamagudumu, ndi zina zambiri. Tengani Audi A4 ndi B5, mwachitsanzo. Mwa iwo, kutengera chaka chopanga, adsorber idayikidwa m'madipatimenti osiyanasiyana amgalimoto. Mu Chevrolet Lacetti, imayima nthawi zambiri pansi pa thunthu pafupi ndi gudumu lakumbuyo. Kuti mumveketse pomwe pali chinthuchi, ndikofunikira kulozera ku buku loyendetsa galimoto.

Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito wotsatsa m'galimoto: dongosolo la EVAP

Ngakhale pali kusiyana kwakapangidwe komanso kusiyana kwa malo azinthu zofunikira, njira yoyeretsera mpweya kuchokera kuzinthu zosafunikira zamagetsi m'makina onse imagwiranso ntchito chimodzimodzi. Chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimatsuka mpweya kuti usatuluke mumtsinje ndi chidebe chodzaza ndi mpweya.

Mpweya wa mafuta mutatha kukhathamira kudzera mu valavu yokoka umalowa mu thanki kudzera payipi. Pamene injini yagalimoto siliyenda, kuthamanga mu thankiyo kumakwera, ndipo nthunzi zimadzikundikira mosungira mwapadera mu thanki ya adsorber. Pang'ono ndi pang'ono, kupanikizika kopitilira muyeso kumakankhira mpweya wochulukirapo kudzera pamalasha ndikupulumukira mumlengalenga. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, fungo la mafuta ndi zinthu zowopsa zimasungidwa ndi wothandizirayo.

Palinso valavu imodzi pazida za adsorber, koma ili kale pamagetsi. Injini yoyaka mkati ikayamba, microprocessor (yamagetsi yoyang'anira zamagetsi) imayang'anira momwe ntchitoyi imagwirira ntchito. Dera lachiwiri la adsorber limalumikizidwa ndikulumikizana kambiri kudzera mgwirizanowu wolumikizidwa ndi thanki yomweyo yamafuta.

Pakapanikizika mu thanki, valavu yamagetsi imayambitsidwa. Popeza chopukutira chimapangidwa munthawi zambiri, mpweya umayamwa, koma pakadali pano sudutsanso fyuluta ya kaboni mumlengalenga, koma m'njira yosavuta - yolowera (kuti mumve zambiri za momwe imagwirira ntchito , akufotokozedwa payokha).

Poletsa kupangika kwa malo osungira mafuta mu thanki yamafuta chifukwa chakuyeretsa, komwe kungasokoneze magwiridwe antchito a mpweya, pali kulumikizana kwa mpweya mu thanki ya adsorber. Kudzera mwa iyo, mtsinje watsopano umalowa mu olekanitsa ngati nthunzi zonse zachotsedwa kale. Izi zimatchedwa kuyeretsa.

Ubwino wa makina oterewa ndikuti pomwe mota ikuyenda, fyuluta ya kaboni imagwirabe ntchito. Nthunzi za mafuta zikaloŵa m'kulowetsa m'galimoto, zinthu zovulaza zimawotchedwa panthawi yamagalasi. Mtsinje wamafuta uwo umatha kenako. Chifukwa cha ichi, kununkhira kwa mafuta osayaka sikumveka pafupi ndi galimotoyo.

Kodi valavu yotsatsira imakhudza chiyani?

Zowonongeka zambiri zamakina zimagwirizana ndi valavu ya solenoid. Mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito chipangizocho ndi yosavuta. Malingana ndi momwe galimoto ikuyendetsa kapena ayi, valavu idzakhala yotseguka kapena yotsekedwa.

Ndi valve solenoid yogwira ntchito, dongosololi limagwira ntchito bwino, ndipo madalaivala ambiri sadziwa nkomwe kuti alipo. Koma ntchito yake ikangosokonezedwa, dongosololi silimatsukidwa, ndipo mpweya wambiri wa petulo umalowa mu thanki. Pankhaniyi, dongosolo mafuta galimoto akhoza kuonongeka kwambiri.

Chipangizo cha Adsorber

Mapangidwe a adsorber akuphatikizapo zinthu izi:

• Chidebe cha pulasitiki chopangidwa ngati silinda. Imagwira ntchito ya thupi ndi mphako momwe mpweya umakanikira;
• Yoyambitsa mpweya ndi yotsika mtengo ndipo nthawi yomweyo yothandiza neutralizer yazinthu zosakhazikika zama hydrocarbon zomwe zimapanga mafuta. Amapereka kukola ndi kuyeretsa mpweya ndi zinthu zovulaza, koma pamakina odula kwambiri, zinthu zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mpaka mchere wachilengedwe;
• Chojambulira kapena valavu yothandizira yomwe imayankha kukhathamira kwa nthunzi mu thanki yamafuta ndikuwonetsetsa kuti kuchotsedwa kwazowonjezera zawo ngati wotsatsa ali wotsekeka;
• Thanki yamafuta imalumikizidwa ndi wotsatsa malonda, omwe nawonso amalumikizidwa ndikulowetsa kosiyanasiyana pogwiritsa ntchito mapaipi. Chitoliro chilichonse chimapangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe sizikunyoza mukakumana ndi mafuta - makamaka payipi yamafuta;
• Mphamvu yokoka ndi ma solenoid;
• Olekanitsa omwe pamwamba pake pamakhala mafuta. Madziwo amabwereranso mu thanki.

Ngati galimotoyo yachita ngozi ndipo idutsa, valavu yokoka imalepheretsa mafuta kuti asapulumuke pakhosi lodzaza. Ichi ndiye cholinga chokhacho.

Gulu la otsatsa malonda

Pamene injini yoyaka mkati idalandira jakisoni ndi chothandizira, mphamvu yamagetsi idayamba kusamalira zachilengedwe, koma makampani azachilengedwe nthawi zonse akukweza mulingo wololedwa, chifukwa chake injini zonse ndi makina awo amasinthidwa mokhazikika. Ndipo dongosolo la EVAP ndilopadera. Mpaka pano, pali kale zosintha zingapo za zida izi.

Popeza magwiridwe awo sangakhudzidwe ndi komwe kuli otsatsa kapena kutalika kwa mzere, amasiyana wina ndi mnzake kokha ndi zosefera. Botolo likhoza kukhala ndi:

1. Okhazikika granular adsorbent;
2. Makina osunthira a granular;
3. Zabwino kwambiri adsorbent, yomwe imawira nthawi zonse kuchokera pansi.

Ambiri opanga magalimoto amagwiritsa ntchito kusinthidwa koyamba. Imeneyi ndi njira yosavuta yothandizira kuchotsa mpweya wamafuta. Njira yachiwiri ndi yachitatu imathandizanso kusokoneza zinthu zovulaza, koma pazochitika zonsezi, gawo la adsorbent limatha kuchotsedwa mu beseni limodzi ndi mpweya kupita ku chilengedwe. Pachifukwa ichi, kuwonjezera pakusintha mafuta ndi zosefera, kukonza kwagalimoto kumaphatikizaponso kuwona kuchuluka kwa chinthu chogwira ntchito. Pachifukwachi, botolo limachotsedwa, ndipo, ngati kuli kofunika, adsorbent imawonjezedwa.

Gravity Adsorber Valve

Ichi ndi chinthu chofunikira pa dongosolo la adsorber. Kuphatikiza pa kuletsa mafuta kuti asatayike mumsewu ngati galimoto igubuduza, chinthuchi chimalepheretsanso mafuta kulowa mu sefa.

Muchitsanzo chilichonse, valavu yamoto yokoka imayikidwa m'malo osiyanasiyana mu thanki yamafuta. Mwachitsanzo, mu "Chevrolet Niva" waima pafupi kudzaza khosi thanki, ndi "Chevrolet Lacetti" ili mwachindunji mu thanki palokha.

Valavu yotsatsa

Chofunikira pa pulogalamu yamafuta yopanda mpweya ndi valavu yamagetsi. Imasintha pakati pa kupuma kwa nthunzi ndi sump purge. Tiyeni tiwone momwe zimagwirira ntchito, ndi chiyani chizindikiro cha kusokonekera kwake, komanso momwe mungasinthire m'malo mwake mukawonongeka.

Kodi valavu yotsatsira imakhudza chiyani?

Injini ikazimitsidwa, valavu imatsekedwa, chifukwa chake, ngati pali kupanikizika kowonjezera mu thanki yamafuta, nthunzi zimakakamizidwa kudzera mu fyuluta ya kaboni kupita mumlengalenga. Injini yoyaka mkati ikangoyamba, magetsi amakanika ndi chizindikiro chamagetsi kuchokera ku ECU, ndikutsegula valavu kuti iwonetsetse mpweya wabwino.

Valavu yokhazikika yotsekemera imapangitsa kuti mafuta azikhala otetezeka. Kupanikizika kwambiri kwa mafuta sikumapangidwa pamzere, ndipo pomwe magetsi akugwira ntchito, palibe mafuta ochulukirapo. Ngati mapaipi amizere sanakhwime bwino kapena atasweka kale kuyambira ukalamba, ndiye kuti kupezeka kwa valavu yotsatsira kumalepheretsa kutayikira mafuta, chifukwa kukakamiza sikukwera m'dongosolo.

Momwe valavu ya adsorber imagwirira ntchito

Amakhulupirira kuti izi zimangotseguka zokha ndikamayambira magetsi. M'malo mwake, sizili choncho. Zimayambika pamene kupsinjika kwakukulu kumawonekera mu thanki yamafuta. Electromagnet imayang'aniridwa molingana ndi ma algorithms ophatikizidwa ndi microprocessor ya unit control.

Kutengera mtundu wamagalimoto, ECU imalemba zisonyezo masensa otaya misa, kutentha kwa mpweya, nthawi zina ndi kupanikizika mu thanki. Malinga ndi zizindikilo zonsezi, zamagetsi zimatsimikizira kufunikira kotulutsa mpweya wotsatsa.

Ngati mungafufuze mwatsatanetsatane momwe ntchito yamagetsi imagwirira ntchito, ndiye kuti imayang'anira momwe kutsukira kwa adsorber ndi kuyamwa kwa nthunzi za mafuta. Zimatengera kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi zambiri. M'malo mwake, chowongolera chimatumiza nyere zomwe zimakhudza kutalika kwake ndi mphamvu ya kuyeretsa.

Momwe mungayang'anire valavu ya adsorber

Zovuta za Adsorber valve zikuphatikiza:

• Kulephera kwa maginito amagetsi (makamaka nthawi yopuma);
• Valavu idatseguka;
• Mphero valavu anatseka;
• Kupanda zikhumbo zowongolera.

Kuti mupeze matenda odziyimira pawokha, choyamba muyenera "kulira" zingwe ndi multimeter. Komanso, kulephera kwake kumapezeka pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yodziwitsa. Pa galimoto inayake, pakhoza kukhala pulogalamu yakeyake. Kompyuta yodziwitsa imalumikizidwa ndi makina kudzera pa cholumikizira, ndipo kufunafuna zowonongeka kumachitika.

Pogwiritsa ntchito maulamuliro, valavu iyenera kudina (malinga ndi kudina koyambira, popeza makina amagetsi ofanana ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepo, koma ndi kukula kwakukulu). Umu ndi momwe gawo lamagetsi lamagawo limayang'aniridwa.

Kuti muwonetsetse kuti valavuyo siyokhazikika, iyenera kuchotsedwa. Izi zimachitika mosavuta chifukwa zimangolowetsedwa muntchito. Mapiko awiri ndi mawaya awiri amakwanira pamenepo. Zimakhalanso zosavuta kuzimasula, zisanachitike muyenera kukumbukira zomwe zimalumikizidwa kuti.

Monga tanenera poyamba, valavu imatsekedwa mwachisawawa. Magetsi akangoperekedwa kumene kumulowetsa, maginito amayamba ndipo amatseguka. Nthawi yomweyo, kudina kwamakhalidwe kumamveka. Kuti muwone ngati chinthu ichi chatsekedwa popanda kupereka zamakono, mutha kuzichotsa pamzere. Kumbali imodzi, koyenera (kwake) kumatsitsidwira muchidebe chaching'ono ndi madzi, ndipo mbali inayo, chubu chokhala ndi sirinji chimayikidwa choyenera (chowonda). Ngati mutasinthana ndi syringe, palibe thovu lamadzi lomwe limatuluka m'madzi, ndiye kuti valavu ikugwira ntchito.

Ndondomeko yofananira imachitika mukazindikira kuti valavu yamagetsi imagwira ntchito. Pachifukwa ichi, mawaya amalumikizidwa ndi omwe amalumikizana nawo. Mapangidwe amakhalabe ofanana. Timalumikiza mawaya ndi batri ndikusindikiza pa syringe plunger. Ngati, pompano pakamagwiritsa ntchito, kudina kumamveka ndikutulutsa thovu mu thanki yamadzi, ndiye kuti chipangizocho chimagwira ntchito kwathunthu.

Zizindikiro za wotsatsa wosagwira bwino ntchito

Popeza kugwira ntchito kwa adsorber kumalumikizidwa ndi mafuta, zovuta zake zimakhudzanso magwiridwe antchito a mafuta kuzipilala. Chizindikiro choyamba chomwe chitha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa mafuta osagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino ndi ma pops ochokera ku thanki yamafuta.

Vuvu yamagetsi yoyenda bwino imatulutsa mabatani pang'ono omwe amamveka pokhapokha injini ikangokhala. Koma ngati sizigwira ntchito moyenera, mawu awa amatha kutha kwathunthu, kapena mosemphanitsa - mokweza kwambiri. Pachiwiri, kusintha ndi bolt yapadera kumatha kuthandizira. Ndikoyenera kutchula apa kuti phokoso loterolo lingamveke kuchokera pagulu logawa kwamagesi. Kuti muwonetsetse kuti vutoli lili mu valavu, kukanikiza mozama paphokoso la gasi kumathandizira. Pakakhala vuto ndi lamba wa nthawi pano, mawuwo adzasintha.

Kuyimba kwake kumveka pakamadzaza pulagi yosatsegulidwa. Izi ndichifukwa choti mpweya wambiri wadzaza mu thanki, koma sanachotsedwe kudzera mu fyuluta yamakala.

Kumbali yaukadaulo, kulephera kwa dongosolo la EVAP kumawonetsedwa ndi liwiro loyandama lamagetsi panthawi yotentha. Inde, chizindikiro ichi ndi chifukwa cha zovuta zina, mwachitsanzo, zolakwika mu gawo loyang'anira, dongosolo loyatsira, ndi zina zambiri. Chizindikiro china chosayimilira cha EVAP cholephera ndikuchulukitsa kwamafuta, kuthamangitsa mwachangu mwamphamvu. Nthawi zambiri, sensa yamafuta yamafuta imapereka kuwerengera kolakwika - pa dashboard, mulingowo ukhoza kuwonetsedwa wotsika, ndipo patapita mphindi - wapamwamba komanso mosemphanitsa.

Nthawi zina mavuto a adsorber amakhudza magwiridwe antchito mpope wamafuta, ndipo amalephera. Kulephera kwa solenoid valve kumawonekera chifukwa chakuti chinthu ichi chimasiya kugogoda, ndiye kuti, mzere woyeretsa sutseguka.

Ndipo chizindikiro chodziwikiratu cha mavuto omwe amabwera ndi adsorber ndikumva fungo la mafuta atsopano pafupi ndi galimoto kapena kanyumba. Zachidziwikire, izi zitha kuchitika pazifukwa zina, mwachitsanzo, kutayikira kwa mizere yamafuta.

M'magalimoto amakono, kusanthula kwamagetsi kwamagetsi kumakupatsani mwayi wodziwa ngati vuto ndi kusokonekera kwa mafuta osagwiritsa ntchito mafuta kapena ayi.

Momwe mungadziwire zovuta za valve ya adsorber

Zowonongeka za Adsorber nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kulephera kwa valve solenoid, chifukwa ichi ndi gawo lovuta kwambiri pa dongosolo. Kuti mumvetsetse kuti pali mavuto ndi valve, zizindikiro zotsatirazi zidzakuthandizani:

• Injini yopanda ntchito imatenthetsa kwa mphindi 5 mpaka 10. Pambuyo pa izi, mbewuyo imayamba kuphuka.
• Momwemonso zopanda pake, chopondapo cha gasi chimakanikizidwa. M’malo mowonjezera liwiro, injiniyo imayamba kuima, ngati kuti ilibe mafuta okwanira.
• Zikumveka ngati mayendedwe agalimoto achepa.
• Sensa yamafuta amafuta omwe ali ndi mafuta ofanana akuwonetsa mulingowo m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
• Kususuka kwa injini kwawonjezeka (zambiri zokhudzana ndi kufunikira kokanikizira kwambiri chopondapo cha gasi, chifukwa mphamvu yagalimoto yachepa).
• Injini ikayamba, kugogoda kumamveka ngati ma valve akugogoda.

Ngati "zizindikiro" izi zikuwonekera, koma muyenera kutenga galimoto kuti mufufuze kapena muyang'ane ntchito ya valve nokha.

Dzichitireni nokha kutsuka kwa adsorber, kuwona valavu ya adsorber ndikusintha

Ngati, pakuyang'ana kwa kachitidwe, kupezeka kwa valavu kwapezeka, kuyenera kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano. Ponena za fyuluta ya kaboni, mutha kuyeretsa m'malo mogulira yatsopano, ngakhale mabizinesi amakono akuumirira kuti zinthu zotere sizitsukidwa, koma zimangosinthidwa kukhala zatsopano chifukwa chakuchepa kwa katundu wawo.

Zachidziwikire, palibe amene anganene kuti ndibwino kugula wotsatsa watsopano. Koma ngati woyendetsa galimoto alibe mwayi woti achite izi, atha kuyesa kuti ayeretse yekha. Njirayi imachitika motere.

Botolo la pulasitiki limasulidwa m'galimoto ndikusungidwa mosamala (kuti lisatayike ufa). Adsorbent amatsukidwa ndikuwombera mu uvuni. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchite izi mnyumba, chifukwa mafuta amasungidwa mu ufa. Mukamalandira chithandizo chakutentha, fungo labwino limatuluka, lomwe limatha kulowa mu mipando yolimbikitsira kukhitchini. Makala adzasuta panthawiyi.

Poyamba, ufa umatenthedwa pang'onopang'ono mpaka kutentha kwa magalamu 100. Ufawo uyenera kusiya pa kutentha kwa mphindi 60. Pambuyo pake, kutentha kumachitika madigiri 300. Mwanjira imeneyi, ufa umapitilirabe mpaka fungo losasangalatsa litha. Pochita izi, ufa uyenera kusakanikirana. Pamapeto pa ndondomekoyi, adsorbent imasiyidwa mu uvuni kuti iziziziritsa.

Musanatsanulire ufa "wokazinga" mu botolo, muyenera kuyeretsa siponji ndi zisindikizo. Ngati ndi kotheka, zinthuzi zimatha kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zoyenera.

Kodi n'zotheka kuchotsa

Choyamba, monga tafotokozera kale, adsorber m'galimoto ndiyofunikira kuti galimotoyo ikwaniritse miyezo ya chilengedwe. Koma kwa eni galimoto, chizindikiro ichi si chofunika kwambiri, choncho amaona dongosolo ili lopanda ntchito m'galimoto. Chifukwa cha kuchotsedwa kwa valve adsorber, ambiri amatcha kuwonongeka kwa injini ndi kuwonjezeka kwa voracity yake.

Koma kukhalapo kwa dongosolo logwirira ntchito m'galimoto sikumasokoneza mphamvu yamagetsi, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta sikuwonjezeka chifukwa cha izo, chifukwa kumatsuka nthunzi, kubwezera particles mafuta ku thanki. Zoonadi, adsorber sichidzawonjezera ndalama zambiri, koma kuphulika kwa injini sikuwonjezeka chifukwa cha izo.

Ngati mutachotsa dongosolo, galimotoyo sichitha. Nthawi zina (pamene fyuluta sing'anga ikufunika kusinthidwa), kuchotsedwa kwa adsorber kumabweretsa kukhazikika kwa injini. Ndondomekoyi ikuchitika motere. The adsorber akhoza kuchotsedwa. M'malo mwake, fyuluta yabwino yamafuta kuchokera ku injini yoyaka yamkati ya carburetor imayikidwa. Chubu chomwe valavu imamangiriridwapo imatsekedwa. Konzaninso gawo lowongolera (zokhudza momwe chip chuning imayendera, mwatsatanetsatane amafotokozedwa mosiyana) kuti chenjezo lolakwika la injini lisayatse paukhondo.

Kuipa kwa "modernization" ya galimoto yotere ndi:

• Kununkhira kwa petulo m'galimoto;
• Ma hydrocarbons owala sakhala mu sefa, koma amapita kumlengalenga;
• Nthawi zina, fungo la mafuta lidzamveka m'galimoto pambuyo pa nthawi yayitali ya galimoto.

Ubwino wochotsa ndi:

• Malo owonjezera mu chipinda cha injini. Ikhoza, mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukhazikitsa preheaterngati makinawo akugwiritsidwa ntchito kumadera akumpoto;
• Galimotoyo idzayenda mokhazikika mosagwira ntchito (vuto la liwiro loyandama XX lingakhale chifukwa cha fyuluta yotsekeka kapena valavu yosagwira bwino ntchito);
• Palibe chifukwa chowonongera ndalama kugula valavu yatsopano ya solenoid kapena fyuluta.

Inde, kaya kuchotsa adsorber m'galimoto yanu ndi chisankho cha mwini galimoto aliyense. Aliyense amadzisankhira yekha zoyenera kuchita. Koma m'magalimoto ena, kusowa kwa dongosololi kumapangitsa kuti kanyumbako kanunkhire kwambiri mafuta, ndipo pa maulendo aatali izi zingasokoneze moyo wa aliyense m'galimoto.

Zotsatira zakutsitsa wotsatsa

Ena ziziyenda amakhulupirira kuti kuwonjezeka kwa magawo zachilengedwe za galimoto nthawi zonse kumakhudza mphamvu yamagetsi ndi mphamvu zoyendera. Pachifukwa ichi, amachotsa chilichonse chomwe, monga amaganiza, "chimasokoneza" magwiridwe antchito. M'malo mwake, wotsatsa samakhudza magwiridwe antchito amkati oyaka, koma kupezeka kwake - inde, popeza kapangidwe ka mafuta kamapangitsa kuti pakhale kupezeka kwake, ndipo kuyenera kupititsa patsogolo thankiyo kudzera pachida ichi.

Iwo omwe anganene kuti dongosolo la neutralization mwanjira ina limakhudza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mafuta pofuna kuchepetsa izi, atha kukhala achinyengo. Izi zili choncho, chifukwa mafuta ochepa okha ndi omwe amabwezeretsedwera mu thanki, yomwe pagalimoto wamba imangosanduka m'mlengalenga. Komabe, ndalamazi ndizocheperako kotero kuti sizimveka poyendetsa galimoto.

Ponena zaubwenzi wa makinawo, ndiye kuti izi zikuwonetsedwa pazida zodziwira. Poyerekeza ndi chothandizira kapena njira yomweyo ya AdBlue yomwe yafotokozedwa payokha, ntchito ya EVAP siyowoneka kwambiri.

Ngati panthawi yowunika idawululidwa kuti mavutowa ndi okhudzana ndi dongosolo la EVAP, simungathe kuchotsa wotsatsa ndi kulumikiza mapaipi ochokera ku thanki yamafuta ndikudyetsa kangapo popanda fyuluta. Zowonadi, ndizotheka, komabe, popanda chopangira fyuluta ndi valavu, poyesa gawo lililonse la mpweya kuchokera mu thankiyo, limatha kuwononga thanki yamafuta, ndipo nthawi zina, nthunzi zamafuta okhala ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono kulowa kambiri.

Pachifukwa chachiwiri, zida zowongolera zamagetsi sizitha kupanga ma VTS apamwamba, ndipo mota ipeza chisakanizo chambiri. Izi zidzapangitsa kuti mpweya utsi ukhale ndi zinthu zambiri zoyipa. Kusokonekera kotereku kwa magwiridwe antchito amagetsi kumawonjezera katundu pothandizira, ndipo iyi ndi gawo lotsika mtengo kwambiri mgalimoto.

Ngati woyendetsa galimoto aganiza zochotsa dongosololi kukhala losafunikira komanso lopanda ntchito, ndikusokoneza mapaipi, ndiye kuti sangapewe zovuta ndi momwe galimoto imagwirira ntchito. Mpweya wambiri uzikundika mu thankiyo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injini yoyaka moto igwire ntchito chifukwa chakupsyinjika kwa mafuta mu thankiyo.

Pazifukwa izi, ngati wotsatsa malonda sakukonzekera, kuyeretsa kapena kuikapo yatsopano kungathandize (zimatengera mtundu wa kusokonekera).

Timayika valavu yatsopano yotsatsa

Ngati kuzindikira kwa magwiridwe antchito a dongosolo la EVAP kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi katswiri yemwe amamvetsetsa malipoti owonetsa ndi zisonyezo zofunikira, ndiye kuti kuchotsa valavu ya adsorber ndikosavuta. Gawo latsopano liyenera kusankhidwa osati kungofanana. Pali chizindikiro pathupi la chipangizocho - ndi pazizindikiro izi pomwe muyenera kusankha makina atsopano.

Kusintha kumachitika motere. Choyamba muyenera kupeza pomwe valavu imayikidwa. The osachiritsika zoipa amachotsedwa batire. Izi ndizofunikira kuti omwe akukwera asalembetse cholakwika, chomwe chidzafunika kukonzanso, chifukwa pakadali pano ECU ipita modzidzimutsa.

Chotsatira, cholumikizira ndi mawaya chadulidwa. Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi latch yopewa kutsekedwa kwangozi kwa waya. Ma machubu a adsorber amachotsedwa, kukwera kwa valavu sikutsegulidwa, ngati kulipo. Kulumikizana kwa gawo latsopano kumachitika mosiyana.

Kuphatikiza apo, timapereka kanema wamfupi momwe wotsatsa amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe angawunikire:

Adsorber. Chifukwa chiyani mumafunikira, momwe imagwirira ntchito, momwe mungayang'anire.

Kanema pa mutuwo

Nayi kanema watsatanetsatane wamomwe mungayang'anire valavu ya canister nokha:

MMENE MUNGAWONETSERE VAVU YA CANISTER

Mafunso ndi Mayankho:

Kodi kulephera kwa adsorber kumawonekera bwanji? Kuthamanga kwachangu kumamveka, valavu sigwira ntchito pamene injini ikuyenda. Mukatsegula chivindikiro cha thanki, phokoso limamveka (zotsekemera zimapangidwira mu thanki).

Kodi adsorber imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwanji? Choyamba, dongosololi limalepheretsa kutuluka kwa nthunzi ya petulo mumlengalenga kuchokera ku thanki ya gasi. Nthunzi ikapangidwa, imasefa kuchokera ku tinthu tamafuta.

Kodi valavu ya canister imatsegulidwa liti? Valve ya adsorber imayang'aniridwa ndi gawo lowongolera zamagetsi. Pakutsuka, mpweya wokhala ndi condensate umapita ku ma silinda amoto.