Mfundo zosangalatsa za matayala amgalimoto

Zoyambirira pang'ono kale kulingalirachifukwa chake kuli kofunika kusintha matayala ndi kuyamba kwa nyengo. Tiyeni tiwone zina mwama tayala nthawi ino. Mwayi wake, mukudziwa zambiri mwazinthuzi, koma muyenera kuziganizirabe. Ndiye pali mfundo zisanu ndi ziwiri zosangalatsa.

1 Mtundu wa mphira

Mu 50-60, zimawerengedwa kuti ndizokhazikitsa galimoto yokhala ndi matayala oyera (kapena zoyera). Izi zidapereka chithumwa chapamwamba chagalimoto.

M'malo mwake, mtundu wachilengedwe wamatayala ndi oyera. Opanga magalimoto amawonjezera ma tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapanga mu mphira. Izi zachitika chifukwa chofunikanso kuwonjezera moyo wogwira ntchito, komanso kukonza matayala.

2 Kubwezeretsanso

Oyendetsa magalimoto omwe amasamala za chitetezo (cha iwo eni ndi omwe akukwera) amawunika momwe matayala alili ndikukwaniritsa m'malo mwake ndi ena atsopano. Chifukwa cha ichi, matayala ambiri osagwiritsidwa ntchito amakhala ambiri. Ena m'magulu azinsinsi amawagwiritsa ntchito ngati mpanda wakutsogolo wamaluwa.

M'mayiko ambiri pali mafakitale opanga matayala omwe adagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Zopangira sizimatayidwa ndi moto. Nthawi zina, amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga phula. Ena amakonzanso matayala kukhala feteleza. Mafakitale ena amagwiritsa ntchito izi kuti apange mphira watsopano.

Wopanga wamkulu 3

Ngakhale zitha kumveka zachilendo, koma matayala ambiri amapangidwa ndi kampani ya Lego. Popanga tizigawo ting'onoting'ono ta omwe amawapanga, mphira umagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ndipo mankhwalawa amatchedwanso matayala agalimoto.

Chifukwa cha izi, malinga ndi ziwerengero, wogulitsa matayala kwambiri ndi kampani yomwe imapanga zidole za ana. M'chaka chimodzi, matayala a mini-306 miliyoni achoka pamzere wopanga.

4 Tayala lampweya woyamba

Tayala loyambirira lamkati lidawonekera mu 1846 wolemba Robert Scott Thomson waku Scotland. Pambuyo pa imfa yake Thomson (1873), kukula kwake kudayiwalika.

Lingaliro lidatsitsimutsidwa zaka 15 pambuyo pake. Wopangayo analinso waku Scotsman - John Boyd Dunlop. Ili ndi dzina lomwe limaperekedwa kwa omwe adapeza tayala lampweya. Lingaliro loti akwaniritse galimoto ndi tayala lotere lidachitika pomwe Dunlop adayika payipi labala m'mphepete mwazitsulo za njinga yamwana wake ndikuipukusa ndi mpweya.

5 Woyambitsa vulcanization

Mu 1839, Charles Goodyear adapeza njira yolimbitsira labala. Kwa zaka 9, wopanga waku America adayesetsa kukhazikitsa njirayi poyesa zosiyanasiyana, koma sanakwaniritse bwino. Kuyesera kumodzi kunaphatikizapo kusakaniza labala ndi sulfa pa mbale yotentha. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mankhwala, chotupa cholimba chidapangidwa pamalo omwe mungalumikizirane nawo.

6 Choyamba gudumu lopuma

Lingaliro la kukonzekeretsa galimoto ndi gudumu lopumira ndi la abale a Davis (Tom ndi Voltaire). Mpaka 1904, palibe makina opanga zida zomwe adakwaniritsa zomwe adapanga ndi gudumu lowonjezera. Opangawo adalimbikitsidwa ndi mwayi woti amalize magalimoto onse pamndandanda.

Lingalirolo linali lofunika kwambiri kotero kuti anafalitsa malonda awo osati ku America kokha komanso kumsika waku Europe. Galimoto yoyamba yokhala ndi fakitale yokwanira gudumu inali Rambler. Lingaliro lake linali lotchuka kwambiri kotero kuti magalimoto ena anali ndi matayala awiri opumira.

7 njira ina yopuma

Mpaka pano, poyesera kupangitsa magalimoto kukhala opepuka, opanga adachotsa gudumu loyeserera (gudumu lachisanu, lofanana kukula) pamitundu yawo. Nthawi zambiri, idasinthidwa ndi stowaway (gudumu lochepa lamagawo ofanana). Pa inu mukhoza kufika ku tayala utumiki wapafupi.

Makina ena opanga magalimoto apita patali kwambiri - aletsa kwathunthu kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito komwe akubisala. M'malo moyendetsa gudumu, zida zogwirira ntchito mwachangu zimaphatikizidwa mgalimoto. Zoterezi zitha kugulidwa ndi inu nokha (yotchedwa "zingwe") pamtengo wokwanira.