Mfundo 20 zodabwitsa kumbuyo kwanthano ya Toyota

Toyota ili ndi mafani komanso otsutsa. Koma ngakhale omalizawa sangakane kuti kampani yaku Japan ndi imodzi mwamagalimoto ofunikira kwambiri m'mbiri. Nazi zinthu 20 zosangalatsa zomwe zimafotokozera momwe maphunziro apabanja ang'onoang'ono adakwanitsira kulamulira padziko lonse lapansi.

Poyambirira panali nsalu

Mosiyana ndi makampani ena ambiri agalimoto, Toyota siyimayambira ndi magalimoto, njinga, kapena magalimoto ena. Woyambitsa wake, Sakichi Toyoda, adakhazikitsa malo owonera nsalu mu 1890. Zaka makumi angapo zoyambirira zinali zazing'ono mpaka kampaniyo idapanga zokhotakhota mu 1927, pomwe patent idagulitsidwa ku UK.

Dzina lake si Toyota.

Banja lomwe linayambitsa kampaniyo si Toyota, koma Toyota Da. Dzinali linasinthidwa kukhala euphony ndi zikhulupiriro - mu zilembo za Chijapani "katakana" dzina ili lalembedwa ndi zikwapu zisanu ndi zitatu za burashi, ndipo chiwerengero cha 8 mu chikhalidwe cha Kummawa chimabweretsa mwayi ndi chuma.

Kukonda zachipembedzo kumamuwongolera ku makina

Mu 1930, woyambitsa kampaniyo, Sakichi Toyoda, anamwalira. Mwana wake Kiichiro adaganiza zoyambitsa bizinesi yamagalimoto, makamaka kuti akwaniritse zosowa za gulu lankhondo la Japan pankhondo zake zogonjetsa ku China ndi madera ena a Asia. Mtundu woyamba wa misa ndi galimoto ya Toyota G1, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazifukwa zankhondo.

Galimoto lake loyamba linabedwa

Monga opanga ambiri aku Asia, Toyota adayamba kubwereka malingaliro molimba mtima kuchokera kunja. Galimoto yake yoyamba, Toyota AA, inalidi yotsanzira ndendende ya American DeSoto Airflow - Kiichiro adagula galimotoyo ndikupita nayo kunyumba kuti aitengedwe ndikuyiyang'anitsitsa. AA amapangidwa mu mndandanda ochepa - mayunitsi 1404 okha. Posachedwapa, mmodzi wa iwo, 1936, anapezeka mu khola ku Russia (chithunzi).

Nkhondo yaku Korea idamupulumutsa ku bankirapuse

Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, Toyota idakhala yovuta kwambiri, ndipo ngakhale Landcruiser yoyamba, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1951, sizinasinthe kwambiri. Komabe, kuyambika kwa Nkhondo yaku Korea kudapangitsa kuti Asitikali aku US azilamula zambiri - kupanga magalimoto kunadumpha kuchokera ku 300 kupita ku 5000 pachaka.

Adapanga ntchito 365 ku USA

Kugwirizana bwino ndi asitikali aku US kudalimbikitsa Kiichiro Toyoda kuyamba kutumiza magalimoto ku United States mu 1957. Lero kampaniyo yakhazikitsa ntchito 365 ku United States.

Toyota amabala nthano yonena kuti "Japan"

Poyambirira, opanga magalimoto ochokera ku Land of the Rising Sun anali kutali ndi nthano za "mtundu wa Japan" - pambuyo pake, zitsanzo zoyamba zotumizidwa ku United States zinali zosakwanira kotero kuti akatswiri a GM anaseka pamene adasokonezeka. Kusintha kwakukulu kunachitika pambuyo poti Toyota idayambitsa zomwe zimatchedwa TPS (Toyota Production System) mu 1953. Zimachokera pa mfundo ya "jidoka", yomwe, yomasuliridwa momasuka kuchokera ku Japanese, imatanthauza "munthu wodzipangira". Lingaliro ndiloti wogwira ntchito aliyense amatenga udindo waukulu ndipo ali ndi chingwe chake, chomwe chingaimitse chonyamulira chonse ngati chikayikiro pazabwino. Pambuyo pa zaka 6-7 mfundo iyi idzasintha magalimoto a Toyota, ndipo lero ikuvomerezedwa ndi opanga pafupifupi onse padziko lonse lapansi, ngakhale ku madigiri osiyanasiyana.

Galimoto yogulitsidwa kwambiri m'mbiri - Toyota

Mu 1966, Toyota inayambitsa chitsanzo chake chatsopano cha banja, Corolla, galimoto yochepetsetsa yokhala ndi injini ya 1,1-lita yomwe yadutsa mibadwo 12 kuyambira nthawi imeneyo ndikugulitsa pafupifupi mayunitsi 50 miliyoni. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala mtundu wogulitsidwa kwambiri m'mbiri yonse, kumenya VW Golf ndi pafupifupi mayunitsi 10 miliyoni. Corolla imabwera mumitundu yonse - sedan, coupe, hatchback, hardtop, minivan, ndipo posachedwa ngakhale crossover.

Emperor amasankha Toyota

Pali mitundu ingapo yamtengo wapatali ku Japan, kuchokera ku Lexus, Infiniti ndi Acura mpaka ochepera otchuka ngati Mitsuka. Koma mfumu ya ku Japan yasankha kale galimoto ya Toyota, Century limousine, kuti ikhale yoyendera. Tsopano m'badwo wake wachitatu ukugwiritsidwa ntchito, womwe, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe okhazikika, ndi galimoto yamakono kwambiri yokhala ndi hybrid drive (motor magetsi ndi 5-lita V8) yokhala ndi 431 ndiyamphamvu. Toyota sanaperekepo Century m'misika yakunja - ndi ya Japan yokha.

Crossover yoyamba

N'zotheka kukangana kosatha za chitsanzo cha crossover chomwe chili choyamba m'mbiri - American model AMC ndi Ford, Russian Lada Niva ndi Nissan Qashqai amanena izi. Galimoto yomaliza idayambitsanso mafashoni amakono a crossover, yopangidwira makamaka kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito m'tawuni. Koma pafupifupi zaka makumi awiri m'mbuyomo, Toyota RAV4 idawonekera - SUV yoyamba ndi khalidwe la galimoto yabwino pamsewu.

Galimoto yokondedwa kwambiri ku Hollywood

Mu 1997, Toyota adayambitsa galimoto yoyamba yopangidwa ndi anthu ambiri, Prius. Inali ndi kamangidwe kosaoneka bwino, kakhalidwe kotopetsa kamsewu ndi mkati mwake motopetsa. Koma chinalinso luso laumisiri lochititsa chidwi komanso chofunikira pamalingaliro achilengedwe, zomwe zidapangitsa anthu otchuka aku Hollywood kuti akwaniritse izi. Tom Hanks, Julia Roberts, Gwyneth Paltrow ndi Bradley Cooper anali m'gulu lamakasitomala, ndipo Leonardo DiCaprio nthawi ina anali ndi anayi (funso losiyana ndilokhazikika bwanji). Masiku ano, ma hybrids ali ofala, chifukwa chachikulu cha Prius.

Silencer madzi

Komabe, a ku Japan sakufuna kupumula ndi Prius. Kuyambira 2014, akhala akugulitsa chitsanzo chosayerekezeka kwambiri ndi chilengedwe - kwenikweni, galimoto yoyamba yopangidwa ndi misa yomwe ilibe mpweya woipa kupatula madzi akumwa. Toyota Mirai imayendetsedwa ndi ma cell a hydrogen mafuta ndipo yagulitsa kale kuposa mayunitsi a 10, pomwe otsutsana ndi Honda ndi Hyundai amakhalabe pazoyeserera zokha.

Toyota idapanganso Aston Martin

Miyezo yakutulutsa yaku Europe yadzetsa zopanda pake zambiri kwazaka zambiri. Chimodzi mwazosangalatsa kwambiri ndikusintha kwa Toyota IQ yaying'ono kukhala mtundu ... Aston Martin. Pofuna kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwapakati pazombo zawo, aku Britain adangotenga IQ, adaipha ndi zikopa zamtengo wapatali, adadzitcha Aston Martin Cygnet ndikuwonjezera mtengo. Mwachilengedwe, kugulitsa kunali pafupifupi zero.

Kampani yotsika mtengo kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi

Kwa zaka makumi ambiri, Toyota ndi kampani yamagalimoto yomwe ili ndi misika yayikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri ya Volkswagen. Kukula kwalingaliridwe ka magawo a Tesla m'miyezi yaposachedwa kwasintha zinthu, koma palibe wowunikira aliyense amene akuyembekeza kuti mitengo yamakampani aku America ikhazikika. Mpaka pano, Tesla sanapangepo phindu pachaka, pomwe Toyota imapanga $ 15-20 biliyoni.

Wopanga woyamba wokhala ndi mayunitsi opitilira 10 miliyoni pachaka

Mavuto azachuma a 2008 adalola Toyota kuti pamapeto pake agwire GM ngati wopanga magalimoto wamkulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Mu 2013, aku Japan adakhala kampani yoyamba m'mbiri kupanga magalimoto opitilira 10 miliyoni pachaka. Masiku ano Volkswagen amakhala woyamba ngati gulu, koma Toyota sichipezeka pamtundu uliwonse.

Amagwiritsa ntchito $ 1 miliyoni pofufuza ... ola limodzi

Mfundo yakuti Toyota yakhala pamwamba pazaka makumi angapo imakhudzidwanso ndi chitukuko chachikulu. M'chaka chimodzi, kampani imagwiritsa ntchito pafupifupi $ 1 miliyoni pa ola limodzi pakufufuza. Toyota pakadali pano ili ndi ziphaso zoposa chikwi chimodzi padziko lonse lapansi.

Toyota imatenga nthawi yayitali

Kafukufuku wazaka zingapo zapitazo adapeza kuti 80% modabwitsa yamagalimoto onse amtundu wa Toyota azaka zawo za 20 akuyendabe. Chithunzi pamwambapa ndi m'badwo wachiwiri wonyada wa 1974 Corolla womwe tidawona akusunthira mtawuni ya Kukush nthawi yachisanu.

Kampaniyo akadali ndi banja

Ngakhale inali yayikulu kwambiri, Toyota imakhalabe kampani yomweyo yomwe Sakichi Toyoda adakhazikitsa. CEO wa lero Akio Toyoda (wojambulidwa) ndiye mbadwa yake, monga mabwana onse akale.

Toyota Ufumu

Kuphatikiza pa dzina lomweli, Toyota imapanganso magalimoto omwe amatchedwa Lexus, Daihatsu, Hino ndi Ranz. Anali ndi mtundu wa Scion, koma kupanga kunatha kutsatira mavuto omaliza azachuma. Kuphatikiza apo, Toyota ili ndi 17% ya Subaru, 5,5% ya Mazda, 4,9% ya Suzuki, imagwira nawo ntchito zingapo zophatikizana ndi makampani aku China ndi PSA Peugeot-Citroen, ndipo yakulitsa mgwirizano ndi BMW pazinthu zachitukuko.

Palinso mzinda wa Toyota ku Japan

Likulu la kampaniyo lili ku Toyota, Aichi Prefecture. Mpaka m’ma 1950, inali tawuni yaing’ono ya Koromo. Masiku ano, anthu 426 amakhala pano - pafupifupi ofanana ndi Varna - ndipo amatchulidwa ndi kampani yomwe idapanga.