15 Best Injini Kugulitsa Masiku Ano

Kwa zaka zambiri, ena ananeneratu za kuwonongedwa kwake komwe kunali pafupi. Koma injini yoyaka yamkati sinafe konse - ndipo itithandizabe kwa zaka zikubwerazi. Nthawi yomweyo, imakhala yothandiza komanso yosavulaza.

Monga umboni, chofalitsa cha ku America cha Car & Driver chapereka mtundu wake wama injini 15 oyaka omwe akupezeka pamsika. Tsoka ilo, ina mwayo imapezeka pamsika waku North America (komwe kulimbana ndi kutulutsa mpweya ndi chizindikiro), koma osati ku Europe.

1-lita ya petro turbo petulo yokhala ndi zonenepa zisanu kuchokera ku Audi

Komwe: Audi RS3, Audi TT RS

Atolankhani aku America adadziwa za chipangizochi mu 2012 nthawi yoyamba ya TT RS ndipo adachipeza "chokongola". Izi injini yamphamvu zisanu sikuti imangopanga 400 ndiyamphamvu pa 7000 rpm, komanso 480 Nm pa 1700 rpm yokha. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake kapadera, imapanga mawu osayerekezeka (chifukwa cha kuwombera 1-2-4-5-3).

Inalinso injini yoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito cholembera chopangidwa ndi chomwe chimatchedwa "vermicular graphite", koma kupatula apo palibenso zosowa pakupanga: ma valve 20, jekeseni wachindunji, chiwonetsero cha 10,0: 1 ndi chopangira chopangira chomwe chimakakamiza mpaka 1,36 , XNUMX bala. Limbikitsani kwambiri pa pedal ndipo nthawi yomweyo mumamva zabwino za silinda yowonjezera.

2-lita SKYACTIV-G kuchokera ku Mazda

Komwe: Mazda MH-5

Atolankhani aku America amavomereza kuti akhala akukonda makina osangalatsa a injini iyi, yomwe Mazda imasintha pang'ono chaka chilichonse. Mwachitsanzo, kulemera kwa pisitoni iliyonse kwachepetsedwa ndi magalamu 27, ndipo ndodo zolumikizira ndi 41 magalamu opepuka.

Kuphatikiza apo, mavavu otulutsa ndi zochulukirapo ndizazikulu. Mzere wofiira, womwe kale unali pa 6800 rpm, tsopano uli pa 7500. Mphamvu yawonjezeka kufika pa 190 mphamvu ya akavalo pa 7500 rpm - pafupifupi mphamvu makumi atatu kuposa yoyambayo.

3-lita Twin-Turbo V-4,4 kuchokera BMW

Komwe: mumitundu yambiri ya BMW monga M5 ndi X5M

Twin-turbo V8 yayikulu kwambiri pamndandanda, ngakhale siyamphamvu kwambiri. Aluminium unit yonseyi yakhala ikupezeka kuyambira 2009 ndipo yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamitundu yambiri yaku Bavaria kuphatikiza M550i ndi 750i (mu mtundu wa N63) ndi zoopsa monga M5, M8 ndi X5 M (mu mtundu wa S63 wotetezedwa ndi magawidwe a BMW M).

Pakadali pano ndiyapakati pa 530 mpaka 625 ndiyamphamvu, pomwe mitundu ya M yokhala ndi Mpikisanowu ili ndi makokedwe apamwamba a 750 Nm. Poyesa kwa C&D, Mpikisano wa M5 udathamanga kuchoka pa 0 kufika pa 96 km / h mu masekondi 2,6 okha - mwachangu kwambiri kuposa ziwerengero za BMW.

4-lita V6,2 kuchokera ku Chevrolet

Komwe: Chevrolet Corvette

M'nthawi ya ulamuliro wonse wa injini za turbo, pali magalimoto ena okhala ndi mlengalenga. Ndipo ndi zochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Corvette yatsopano imapanga pafupifupi 500 mahatchi kuchokera ku V8 yake ndipo imagwiritsa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo masekondi 2,8 mpaka 96 km / h (ndi phukusi la Z51).

Ngakhale mitundu yotsika mtengo komanso yamphamvu ya C7 Z06 (650bhp) ndi C7 ZR1 (755bhp) silingathe kupita patsogolo pa injini ya LT2 yatsopano. Tidzawona gawo ili mu C8 Corvette Z06, hyper ZR1 ndi Zora wosakanizidwa.

5-lita V6,2 yokhala ndi kompresa yochokera ku Dodge

Kumeneko: Dodge Challenger Hellcat Redeye

Papepala, ndi dinosaur weniweni: voliyumu yayikulu, chipika chachitsulo choponyedwa, mavavu apamwamba komanso chowonjezera chachikulu cha Roots. Koma pochita, kuthekera kwake kumakhala kovuta kutsutsa: mu zitsanzo za Hellcat, hemi iyi imapanga 707 ndiyamphamvu, ndipo mu Redeye version, mpaka 797.

Makokedwe a 881 Nm amatha kusintha matayala atsopano kukhala nsanza mphindi. Mphamvu zowonjezera zimachokera ku chokulirapo chowonjezera cha malita 2,7 ndi pampu yachiwiri yamafuta yowonjezera.

6. Amapasa-turbo 3,9-lita 8 ochokera ku Ferrari

Ferrari 488 Pista, Ferrari GTCLusso T, Ferrari F8 Tributo, Ferrari Portofino, Ferrari SF90 Stradale

Anthu aku Italiya adayambitsa injini zatsopanozi mu 2014 ndi California T, koma akhala akuwongolera mosalekeza kuyambira pamenepo, ndipo mphamvu yakula pang'onopang'ono kuchokera 500 mpaka pa 710 horsepower (pa 8000 rpm) ndi 770 Nm ya torque yayikulu.

Izi zimatheka ndi flywheel yatsopano, crankshaft yatsopano komanso seti ya titaniyamu (komanso yowala kwambiri) yolumikizira. Kuphatikiza apo, Ferrari adakulitsa kupanikizika pang'ono, m'malo mwa makina otulutsa utsi ndipo ngakhale ndi SF90 Stradale idakweza voliyumu mpaka malita 4 ndi mphamvu ya 769 ndiyamphamvu.

7-lita Twin-Turbo V-2,9 yochokera ku Alfa Romeo

Olemba: Alfa Romeo Giulia Quadrifoglio, Alfa Romeo Stelvio Quadifoglio

Injiniyi imapanga mahatchi 510 pa 6500 rpm ndi torque 600 Nm pa 2500 rpm yokha. Mzere wofiira uli pa 6500 rpm, koma injini iyi imatha kuthamanga mpaka 7 mafuta asanathe. Ichi ndiye chinthu champhamvu kwambiri chomwe Alpha adapanga kale ndipo chikuwoneka kuti chili ndi zonenepa zina ziwiri.

Zonena kuti zidatengedwa kuchokera ku Ferrari ndizokokomeza pang'ono - makamaka, zidatengera V8 ndi kampani yamapasa-turbo ochokera ku Maranello, koma pambuyo pake zidasintha zina zazikulu. Mitu ya block ndi yamphamvu imapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu, imakhala ndi jekeseni wachindunji, mawonekedwe a 90 degree pakati pa zonenepa, ma camshafts awiri pamutu, ma valve a 24 ndi compression ratio ya 9,3: 1. Mudzaipezanso pagudumu loyendetsa kumbuyo (Giulia Quadrifoglio) ndi 4-wheel drive × 4 (Stelvio Quadrifoglio).

8-lita TT V-3,5 Kutulutsa Kwakukulu kuchokera ku Ford

Komwe: Ford F-150

Injini yayikulu kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri (691 Nm) V6 pamndandandawu. Chipangizochi chimasiyana ndi ma twin-turbo V6 ena omwe mungapeze pagalimoto yayikulu ya Ford GT. Kuchita bwino kwambiri ndikofunikira pamitundu yamagalimoto ogulitsa kwambiri ku Raptor ndi Limited ku United States.

Imagwiritsa ntchito chotchinga cha aluminiyamu, jekeseni wachindunji ndi ma turbocharger kuchokera pagawo la 3,5-lita, koma pafupifupi china chilichonse ndichapadera. Mphamvu ya turbocharged ndi 1,24 bar, crankshaft ndi mayendedwe amalimbikitsidwa, ma camshafts ndi opepuka, ndipo pamapeto pake mulu wa matani atatu uchulukitsa mpaka 96 km / h mumasekondi asanu okha.

9-lita mapasa-turbo V4 ochokera ku Volkswagen

Komwe: mitundu yambiri ya VW, Audi, Bentley ndi Porsche

M'malo mwake, chipangizochi chitha kupezeka kuchokera ku VW Touareg kupita kumitundu yonse yazopanga zamagulu. Mtundu wake wamphamvu kwambiri umayendetsa Lamborghini Urus, yomwe imapanga mphamvu za akavalo 650 pa 6000 rpm ndi 850 Nm. Mosadabwitsa, crossover yayikulu imayenda kuchokera 96 mpaka 3,1 mph mumasekondi XNUMX okha, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale SUV yofulumira kwambiri yoyesedwapo ndi C&D.

Chipikacho chimapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu, ma valve ali 32, ma turbocharger amakhala ndi mawiri awiri ndipo amakhala pakati pa zonenepa. Mzere wofiira uli pa 6750 rpm, koma kwenikweni chipangizochi chimakhala chodabwitsa kwambiri pa ma rpms otsika.

10-lita mphamvu dizilo Turbo dizilo ku Cummins

Kumeneko: Ram 3500

Ngakhale pakati pamavuto a coronavirus, malonda a Ram ku America akupitilizabe kukula. Chimodzi mwazifukwa zazikulu ndi gawo la dizilo, lomwe limatha kukoka nyumbayo pamodzi ndi maziko. Mtundu wa High Output uli ndi mphamvu yokwanira 400 ya akavalo ndipo - gwirani mpweya wanu - makokedwe apamwamba a 1355 mita a Newton.

Ndilo gawo lamphamvu kwambiri la dizilo lomwe linapangidwapo ndi katswiri wa injini ya Cummins, komanso ndichimodzi chosalala kwambiri komanso chothandiza kwambiri. Turbo imayenda pa bar ya 2,27 ndipo kuchuluka kwake ndi 16,2: 1.

11-lita mu-turbo injini yochokera ku Honda

Komwe: Honda Accord, Honda Civic Type R

Anthu aku Japan amapanga Civic Type R pamalo obisika ku Swindon, UK, koma injini ya ma lita awiri ya DOHC imamangidwa ku Anna, Ohio, USA.

Ili ndi zotchinga za aluminiyamu zokhala ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera komanso cholimbitsa chachitsulo cholimbitsa. Ma piston ali ndi makina oziziritsa otengedwa mwachindunji kuchokera ku injini za Honda Formula 1.

Ndi chowonjezera cha 1,6 bar turbocharging ndikutha kupota mpaka 7000 rpm, chipangizochi ndichinthu champhamvu kwambiri chomwe chidagulitsidwa ndi aku Japan ku North America: 315 hp. 6500 rpm ndi 400 Nm. Mphamvu mu Mgwirizanowu ndi yocheperako, komabe ndiyopatsa chidwi.

12-lita V5,2 yokhala ndi kompresa yochokera ku Ford

Chichewa: Ford Mustang Shelby GT500

Ndili ndi mahatchi 760 pa 7300 rpm ndi 850 Nm pa 5000 Nm, ndiye injini yopanga zida zamphamvu kwambiri m'mbiri ya Ford. Wotchedwa Predator, kapena Predator, imagawana chida chake ndi mawonekedwe amlengalenga a Voodoo V8 GT350, koma zina zonse ndizosiyana.

Chowotcha chachikulu kwambiri ku Eaton chimalowetsa kapinga wa 0,82 muzitsulo. M'malo mwake, makokedwewo ndiabwino kwambiri kotero kuti kuyamba kosalala ndi vuto lalikulu. Popanda kutchula phokoso lowopsa lomwe lidzagwetse aliyense pamtunda khumi.

13-lita yokhala pakati pa turbo kuchokera ku BMW

Komwe: mitundu yambiri ya BMW

Ilipo pamitundu iwiri yamapiko awiri, koma m'malo onsewa, izi zisanu ndi chimodzi zimagwira ntchito bwino monga liwu la Marvin Gaye, madandaulo a C & D. M'malo mwake, pali magawo awiri omwe ali ndi voliyumu iyi pakati pa Bavaria.

Mmodzi wa iwo, S55 / S58, amayendetsa M2 ndi M4 masewera othamanga ndipo ndichabwino kwambiri pakukwaniritsa ukadaulo wokhala ndi poto yamafuta a magnesium, crankshaft yazitsulo komanso makoma a plasma. Mphamvu ifika ku 510 ndiyamphamvu mu mitundu yatsopano.

14-lita V-6,5 kuchokera ku Ferrari

Kumeneko: Ferrari 812 Superfast

Kusunthika kwa injini kukucheperachepera padziko lonse lapansi, koma Ferrari sasiya V12 yake yayitali kwakanthawi. Izi zida, okonzeka ndi dongosolo wapadera vavu nthawi, zimayenda bwino bwinobwino mpaka 9000 rpm.

Phokoso silimveka mokweza ngati la 911 GT3 kapena McLaren 720, koma mawuwo amakhudza kwenikweni. Ndipo zikutsimikiziranso kuti akatswiri opanga makina amatha kukhala opanga monga opanga.

15 lita boxer waku Porsche

Zithunzi: Porsche 718 Cayman GT4, Porsche 718 Spyder

Iyi sikuti ndi injini yofooka chabe yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 911 GT3, koma ndi gawo losiyana kwambiri, lomwe limamangidwa pamaziko a omenyera atatu-lita amitundu 911 yocheperako.

Ndi imodzi mwazigawo ziwiri mwachilengedwe pamndandanda womwe uli ndi 13,0: 1 compression ratio, nthawi yosinthira ma valve ndi mavavu apadera pazambiri zomwe zingatsegulidwe kwambiri pakufunika mpweya wambiri. Porsche akuti 420 ndiyamphamvu pa 7600 rpm, koma injini imatha kutulutsa 8100 mosavuta - ndikumveka kwa Porsche.