Gbanwe mmanụ injin

Mmanụ mmanụ ịka nká: ihe mgbakwunye na mmanụ na -emebi ka oge na -aga. Unyi na -agbakọ na sekit mmanụ. Ọ bụ oge ịgbanwe mmanụ.

Ịgba ọgba tum tum

Mmanụ engine bụ otu n'ime "akụkụ iyi" nke injin mmanụ ụgbọala. Ka oge na-aga, ọnya, ibu ọkụ, na ụdị ịnya ụgbọ ala ga-emebi njirimara mmanu mmanu na ihe mgbakwunye ya. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịnụ ụtọ injin gị ogologo oge, gbanwee mmanụ n'oge oge nke ndị nrụpụta ụgbọ ala gị akọwapụtara na ntuziaka ọrụ gị.

Mmehie na -egbu egbu 5 nke ị na -ekwesịghị ime mgbe ị na -atọgbọ chakoo

• Ọ BỤGHỊ igbapu mmanụ ozugbo ịkwọ ụgbọala: ihe egwu nke ọkụ!

• Ọ BỤGHỊ dochie ENWEGHỊ na -agbanwe nzacha: nzacha ochie nwere ike mechie mmanụ ọhụrụ ngwa ngwa.

• Ọ BỤGHỊ kpochapu mmanụ ala n'ime mmiri: mmanụ bụ ihe mkpofu pụrụ iche!

• Ọ BỤGHỊ jigharịa o-ring ochie: mmanụ nwere ike ịdapụ wee kpọtụrụ wiil azụ.

• Ọ BỤGHỊ wụsa mmanụ ụgbọ ala n'ime injin ọgba tum tum!

Mgbanwe mmanụ engine - ka anyị malite

01 - Wepụ ihe nkedo ndochi

Gbaa ọgba tum tum ahụ ruo mgbe ọ ga -ekpo ọkụ (anaghị ekpo ọkụ) tupu ị gbanwee mmanụ. Jiri nnukwu akwa nhicha nke nwere ike ịmịcha sphes wee chebe ụlọ ebe ndọba ụgbọala. Dabere n'ụkpụrụ ọgba tum tum, buru ụzọ tufuo plọg drain site na ndị nche plastik nwere nsogbu. Ka ị ghara iburu efere salad nne gị oge niile, gwọọ onwe gị na pan maka ịnakọta mmanụ. Ka mmanụ si njin si n'okpuru na -asọpụta, a ga -enwerịrị ikuku zuru oke site n'elu. Ugbu a, ịtọpụ ihe nkwụnye mmanụ.

02 - Kwe ka mmanụ gwụ

Ugbu a, were eriri Allen tụọ ihe ọwa mmiri ahụ wee jiri nwayọ wepu ya. Iji gbochie mmanụ, nke ka nwere ike na -ekpo oke ọkụ, ka ọ na -amịkọrọ na aka gị, jiri nkịrịka mee ntughari ole na ole ikpeazụ.

Maka mgbanwe mmanụ zuru oke, a ga -edochi ncha mmanụ. E nwere ụdị ihe nzacha abụọ. Ụdị nzacha nke mbụ dị ka gbamgbam wee nwee ụlọ. Ihe nzacha ndị ọzọ dị ka obere-accordion apịaji yana nwere akwụkwọ nzacha. A ga -etinyerịrị nzacha ndị a n'ime ụlọ dị n'akụkụ moto.

03 - Wepu ihe nzacha mmanụ na ụlọ

Jiri mgbanaka nzacha mmanụ ratchet ka ọ dị mfe ịtọghe nzacha igbe.

Ihe nzacha ọhụrụ a nwere O-mgbanaka nke a ga-ekpuchirịrị ya na mmanụ dị mkpa tupu mgbakọ.

Tupu ịwụnye ihe nzacha mmanụ ọhụrụ, gbaa mbọ hụ na ọ bụ otu ihe ahụ ka edochiri nchapụta (ịdị elu, dayameta, elu akara, eri, ọ bụrụ na ọdabara, wdg). Kụchie katrij mmanụ nzacha ọhụrụ ahụ nke ọma dịka ntuziaka dị n'akwụkwọ ndekọ. Ntụziaka siri ike dị n'aka onye na -emepụta ụgbọ ala.

04 - Nzacha mmanụ na-enweghị ụlọ

A na-etinye ihe nzacha dị ka obere-accordion n'ime ụlọ nke etiti ma ọ bụ kposara dị na nsọtụ.

N'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ n'ọnọdụ niile, akwa mkpuchi a dị n'ihu injin ahụ. Mgbe ịtọpụ mkpuchi ya (Rịba ama: na -agbapụta mmanụ fọdụrụ), wepu ihe nzacha ochie (rịba ama ọnọdụ nrụnye), hichaa ụlọ ma wụnye ihe nzacha ọhụrụ na nhazi ziri ezi.

Dabere na onye nrụpụta, gaskets na O-yiri mgbaaka dị n'ahụ, mkpuchi ma ọ bụ kposara etiti; ịkwesịrị dochie ha niile (lee ndụmọdụ akara igwe anyị maka nkọwa.

Mgbe ị mechisịrị ụlọ ahụ ma jiri mkpọchi siri ike mechie kposara, wepụ nsị mmanụ niile na injin ahụ na igwe nhicha. Were nhicha a kpọrọ ihe. Ma ọ bụghị ya, a ga-ewepụta gas na-esi ísì mgbe injin ahụ na-ekpo ọkụ na ntụpọ siri ike ga-apụta.

05 - Jupụta mmanụ

Mgbe edochichara mgbanaka O wee mechie ihe nkedo mmiri dị ka ntuziaka onye nrụpụta si dị, enwere ike mejupụta mmanụ ọhụrụ.

Gaa na akwụkwọ ntuziaka ụgbọ ala gị maka ezigbo ego, viscosity na nkọwapụta. Iji chekwaa ọtụtụ ọrụ, dochiekwa O-ring ngwa ngwa.

06 - Ntinye nke Stahlbus drain valve

Iji mee onwe gị ka ọ dịrị gị mfe na mgbanwe mmanụ gị ọzọ na maka ịrụ ọrụ dị ọcha, wụnye valvụ drain Stahlbus kama ịghasa mmiri mbụ ahụ. Ugbu a, a ga -enwe ohere ime nke a, yabụ ị ga -emezi ọgba tum tum gị ntakịrị.

Iji gbanye mmiri, ọ bụrụ na ị nwere valvụ igbapu Stahlbus, naanị ihe ị ga -eme bụ ịtọpụ okpu mkpuchi ya wee mụnye ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa na valvụ ahụ. Ngwa mkpọchi a na -emepe valvụ ma kwe ka mmanụ ahụ banye n'ime akpa akpọrọ.

Mgbe ị wepụrụ njikọta sooks, valvụ ahụ na -emechi na akpaghị aka, naanị ihe ị ga -eme bụ ịghasa okpu mkpuchi. Ọ nweghị ike ịdị nfe: n'ụzọ a ị na-echekwa eriri crankcase na ọ dịghịzi mkpa idochi mgbanaka O-ring. Ị ga-ahụ valvụ mmiri Stahlbus zuru ezu na www.louis-moto.fr n'okpuru ọgba tum tum m.

07 - Nyochaa ọkwa mmanụ

Naanị ihe ị ga -eme bụ idozi ebe a na -adọba ụgbọala, tụfuo mmanụ ejiri mee nke ọma (jiri ihe nhicha mmanụ dị ka nhicha breeki iji wepu ntụpọ mmanụ na -adịghị mma n'ala), n'ikpeazụ, ị nwere ike ịnọdụ ala n'oche ahụ!

Dị ka nchekwa nchekwa, lelee ọkwa mmanụ ọzọ tupu ịnya, ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na injin gị nwere ihe nzacha mmanụ etinyere n'ime ụlọ inyeaka.

Nkowa banyere mmanụ

Ọ dịghị ihe na -arụ ọrụ na -enweghị mmanụ: esemokwu nke pistons, na -ebupụta ihe na ngwa ga -ebibi injin ọ bụla n'otu ntabi anya.

Ya mere, ọ dị ezigbo mkpa ịlele ọkwa mmanụ n'ụgbọala gị nwere ụkwụ abụọ ma gbanwee ya oge niile. N'ezie, mmanụ na -aka nká, na -emechi n'ihi nchara ọla na nsị nke ọkụ, wee jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ tụfuo mmanu ya.

N'ezie, mmanụ ahụ ga -enwerịrị viscosity nke onye na -emepụta ụgbọ ala nyere iwu, a ga -akwadebekwa ya maka ọgba tum tum ma ọ bụ skuuta: n'ezie, injin ọgba tum tum na -agba n'ike n'ike. N'ọtụtụ oge, ọ dị mkpa ka etinye mmanụ ha mmanụ. Ihe njigide (n'ime bat mmanụ) na -arụkwa ọrụ na mmanụ. Ihe mgbakwunye kwesịrị ekwesị na -enye ezigbo ịkwa osisi, nrụgide na nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ yana nchedo eyi. Biko rịba ama: mmanụ ụgbọ ala nwere mmanụ ndị ọzọ ma emebere ya maka igwe na -ejikọ nkụ. Site n'ụdị ngwaahịa a, njigide n'ime bat mmanụ nwere ike ịmịcha.

Họrọ mmanụ kwesịrị ekwesị: Mmanụ sịntetị na -arụ ọrụ karịa mmanụ ịnweta na arụmọrụ okpomọkụ dị elu, nchedo mmalite oyi, esemokwu belatara na nchekwa megide nkwụnye ego. Ya mere, ha dabara adaba maka ojiji n'egwuregwu yana maka igwe emebere nkeonwe. Agbanyeghị, ọ bụghị injin niile, ọkachasị njigide, nwere ike mmanụ na -arụ ọrụ nke ọma. Biko kpọtụrụ ebe mpasa ụgbọ ala nyere ikike tupu oge eruo. Ọ bụrụ n'ịchọrọ ịgbanwe ya na ọgba tum tum gị nwere ogologo maịl, ọ dị mkpa ka ị buru ụzọ debe ya ọcha ma debe ya.

Ihe ngwọta ọzọ bụ iji mmanụ mmanụ na-emepụta ihe, nke ọtụtụ njide na-anabata nke ọma. A na-emepụtakwa mmanụ ụgbọ ala ọgbara ọhụrụ site na usoro njikọ hydrocarbon: a na-emepụta mmanụ ndị a na-emepụta kemịkalụ n'ime ụlọ a na-esicha mmanụ ọkụ site na iji usoro hydrocracking catalytic. Ha mma e nke ukwuu mma na ha dị irè karịa ịnweta mmanụ, karịsịa n'ihe banyere creep e ji mara nakwa dị ka thermal na kemịkal ibu ikike. Ha nwere uru ndị ọzọ: ha na-agba mmanụ ngwa ngwa ma ha malitechara, na-edebe engine ahụ ọcha, na-echebekwa ihe ndị dị n'ime ya nke ọma.

Maka ọgba tum tum wuru tupu 1970, anyị anaghị akwado iji mmanụ sịntetik. Enwere mmanụ dị iche iche na ọkwa dị iche iche ahaziri maka ọgba tum tum merela agadi. N'ikpeazụ, cheta na mmanụ ọ bụla ị họọrọ, ị ga -akpacharịrị anya kpoo injin ahụ. Injin ga -ekele gị wee nọte aka.

Nhazi mmanụ mmanụ

• API - Nhazi mmanụ ụgbọ ala AmericaA na-eji ya kemgbe ihe dịka 1941. Klas "S" na-ezo aka na mmanụ ụgbọala, klaasị "C" na mmanụ dizel. Akwụkwọ ozi nke abụọ na-egosi ọkwa arụmọrụ. Ọdabara ụkpụrụ: SF kemgbe 1980, SG kemgbe 1988, SH kemgbe 1993, SJ kemgbe 1996, SL kemgbe 2001, wdg API CF bụ ọkọlọtọ maka automotive mmanụ dizel engine. A naghịzi eji akara ule API maka mmanụ strok abụọ ( mkpụrụedemede "T"). Mbufe na mmanụ ụgbọala na-adọba G4 ruo G5.

• JASO (Japan Automobil Standards Organisation) - Japanese nhazi nke mmanụ moto. JASO T 903 bụ ọkwa ugbu a kacha mkpa maka mmanụ injin ọgba tum tum n'ụwa. Dabere na ihe achọrọ API, nhazi ọkwa JASO na -akọwapụta ihe ndị ọzọ nke, n'etiti ihe ndị ọzọ, na -ahụ na arụmọrụ mmanụ kwesịrị ekwesị na njigide na nnyefe mmiri sump mmanụ. A na -ekewa mmanụ n'ime ụdị JASO MA ma ọ bụ JASO MB dabere na njirimara njigide njigide ha. Klas JASO MA, yana ugbu a klaasị JASO MA-2, nwere oke esemokwu. Mmanụ kwekọrọ na nhazi ọkwa a nwere ndakọrịta dị oke elu na njigide.

• ACEA - European moto mmanụ nhazi ọkwaEjiri kemgbe 1996. Klas A1 ruo A3 na -akọwa mmanụ maka injin mmanụ ụgbọ ala, klaasị B1 ruo B4 maka injin ụgbọ ala diesel.

• Viscosity (SAE - Society of Automotive Engineers)Na -akọwa viscosity nke mmanụ na oke okpomọkụ enwere ike iji ya. Banyere mmanụ multigrade ọgbara ọhụrụ: ọnụ ọgụgụ W (“oyi”) na -agbada, ka mmanụ na -enwekwu mmiri na ihu igwe, yana W dị elu karịa, ihe nkiri na -ete mmanụ na -eguzogide oke okpomọkụ na -arụ ọrụ.