Nwale mbanye Citroën 11 CV, Citroën DS, Citroën CX: French avant-garde

Ogologo ndụ dị iche! Nzute na abụọ ugbu a na otu ọdịnihu French kpochapụwo

Na narị afọ nke iri abụọ, akara Citroën nwere ebe pụrụ iche na ụwa ụgbọ ala n'ihi teknụzụ ọhụụ na imewe mbụ. Taa, anyị ga -eleba anya n'ụdị ihe atụ atọ: 11 CV, DS na CX.

Ná mmalite afọ 60, ndị njem nleta na-eleta France hụrụ ihe osise pụrụ iche n'okporo ụzọ: n'etiti ụdị nka Citroën na ụdị DS, nke nwere ụdị torpedo mara mma, na ụdị Pininfarina poshin 404 nwere obere azụ. , ọtụtụ ụgbọ ala ojii ma ọ bụ isi awọ nke ejiji tupu agha amalite.

Ọ dị ka ọ bụghị onye France ọ bụla nwere ike ị nweta ụgbọ ala ezinụlọ ọhụrụ. Dịkarịa ala, ọtụtụ ndị nwe Opel Rekord na Ford 17 M, ndị soro ụmụaka si Germany bịa mee ezumike na France, chere otu a. Agbanyeghị, ha hiere ụzọ nke ukwuu, n'ihi na nke ochie, dịtụ ala ma na-atụkwa ụjọ "ụgbọ ala ndị ohi" jupụtara na teknụzụ ọgbara ọhụrụ wee Citroën rere ya dị ka ụgbọ ala ọhụrụ ruo 1957. Taa, ọ webatara Traction Avant na 1934. na ụdị 7, 11 na 15 CV bụ otu n'ime ụdị ndị kacha ewu ewu.

Citroën 11 CV nwere afọ 23 nke ọrụ

Site na ahụ ya na-akwado onwe ya, ụgbọala dị mkpụmkpụ na nke dị nchebe, ebe dị elu nke ike ndọda na ntụpọ torsion dị mma, Traction Avant, dị ka a na-akpọkarị ya, nọgidere na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ruo afọ 23. Mgbe mmepụta bidoro na 1946 mgbe afọ ise gachara n'oge agha ahụ, 11 CV ka na-ejigide ọdịdị agha tupu agha ahụ yana ọnụ ụzọ azụ, nnukwu radiator na nnukwu oghere na ọkụ ihu.

Naanị mgbanwe dị ịrịba ama bịara n'oge okpomọkụ nke 1952, mgbe a na-ejikọta ndị wipers na ala, na n'ihi mgbasawanye ahụ, a na-emeghe oghere azụ maka taya na-agbapụ n'èzí na ihe ndị ọzọ. Ya mere, connoisseurs na-amata ọdịiche dị n'etiti "ihe nlereanya nwere wheel" na "ihe nlereanya nwere gbọmgbọm." Nke abụọ adịlarị na anyị ma dịrị njikere maka ịnyagharị ule.

Stroller na a mma azụ

Na Traction Avant, a na-ewere onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na onye njem n'ihu dịka akụkụ nke ndị na-eje ozi, nke ọrụ ha bụ iji nwayọọ duzie ndị ama ama na-eme njem n'oche azụ dị mma. The warara legroom n'ihu na windshield na-ebili ozugbo n'ihu onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala na-ele anya na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara iru ala megide ọnọdụ ọchịchị nke oche azụ. Na mgbakwunye, igwe ngbanwe na-adịghị ahụkebe nke na-esi na dashboard pụta n'ikpeazụ na-enye onye ọkwọ ụgbọ ala Traction Avant stampụ nke onye nkuzi nwere nkà - ọ bụ ezie na igbe ngwa ngwa atọ, nke dị n'ihu, n'azụ grille, na-ebufe ya ngwa ngwa.

Otú ọ dị, usoro ịkwọ ụgbọala na-achọ ike dị ukwuu na saịtị dị ka steering wheel nke MAN Bundeswehr dị tọn ise. N'okporo ụzọ, Otú ọ dị, ụgbọ ala na-edozi nke ọma, na nkasi obi nkwusioru kwesịrị nkọwa nke "dị ụtọ". Ọkwa ụda dị elu dị elu na-emepụta echiche efu nke ọsọ gbajiri agbaji. Injin anọ cylinder 1,9 lita nwere 56 hp na-ejisie ike mee ngwangwa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 120 km / h - ndị chọrọ karịa ga-echere DS ndị ọzọ siri ike.

Citroën DS nke mbụ nwere nkwusioru hydropneumatic

Mgbe Citroën webatara DS 1955 dị ka onye nọchiri Traction Avant na 19, ọtụtụ n'ime ndị ahịa na-eguzosi ike n'ihe nke ika ahụ nwetara “ujo ọdịnihu” mgbe Citroën tụrụ aro iji ụgbọ elu dochie ọkwa egwuregwu. Otú ọ dị, n'ụbọchị mbụ nke ngosi nke ụgbọ ala na Paris Motor Show, a natara iwu 12.

Na usoro DS, ndị na-emepụta ọ bụghị naanị na-egwu ọkara narị afọ nke mmepe mmepe, kamakwa zoo n'okpuru ikpe ọdịnihu na ọtụtụ ngwa ọrụ ọhụụ. Ọbụna nkwusioru hydropneumatic naanị ezu iji mee ka ịnya ụgbọ ala nwee ahụmịhe ọhụụ.

Uhie 21 DS 1967 Pallas dị ka mbara ala n'ihi na wiil azụ na-fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ kpamkpam zoro n'okpuru ahụ. Mgbe njin ahụ malitere, chassis na-eteta ma bulie ahụ ya elu dị sentimita ole na ole. Mgbapu mmiri nke hydropneumatic na - agwakọta nitrogen dị ka isi iyi nwere sistemụ hydraulic nke etiti nke mgbapụta ya na - enye mwepụ nke ala mgbe niile nwere ike gbanwee. Naanị oche toro ogologo dị ka ihe atụ gara aga, ebe otu ụzọ na-arụ ọrụ na-echekwa ahụike na-ekwu maka oge Citroën nke oge a.

N'ihi nnyefe nke ọkara akpaka na breeki DS sponge a na-ahụkarị, enweghị pedal clutch. Anyị na-atụgharị gia na-enweghị ụkwụ aka ekpe, naanị iji lever na steering wheel, anyị na-akwụsị na-enweghị njem pedal na-emebu, naanị anyị na-agbanye sponge rọba siri ike ma ọ bụ na-esighi ike - anyị na-agbanyekwa n'akụkụ asphalt, dị ka a ga-asị na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara imetụ ya aka. Ọganihu na-apụtakwa ìhè na ọsọ a nwetara - ya na 100 hp. DS 21 na-akụ steepụ 175 km / h. N'akụkụ ngwa ngwa, Otú ọ dị, ụgbọ ala ahụ na-adabere n'ụzọ na-eme ka ndị njem na ndị na-agafe agafe na-atụ egwu - ma nke ahụ yiri ka a ga-agbaghara ya. Awụnyekwara bụ CX, nke maka ntụnyere okpukpu atọ anyị dị na ụdị 1979 GTI.

Citroën CX GTI ya na 128 HP

Na ebe a ọdịiche dị n'etiti usoro DS na onye nọchiri ya, nke ewepụtara na 1974, buru ibu - ọ bụ ezie na CX dị centimeters isii dị warara karịa DS, ọ na-ele anya nke ukwuu ma na-adọrọ mmasị karịa onye bu ya ụzọ. Ihe dị iche bụ n'ihi nnukwu ọkụ ọkụ trapezoidal na mbelata elu ụgbọ ala ahụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ sentimita iri. A na-ahụta CX dị ka ngwakọ na-aga nke ọma n'etiti DS na egwuregwu etiti Matra-Simca Bagheera.

Oche akpụkpọ anụ nwere contours egwuregwu yana nnyefe kwụ ọtọ na-agba ọsọ ise na-emesi nkwupụta ahụ ike na ike nke nnukwu ụgbọ ala njem 128 hp. na oke ọsọ nke 190 km / h. The engine a na-atụgharị ugbu a, na-enye ohere maka ọdịda ụkwụ na-aga n'ihu. N'agbanyeghị nkwusioru hydropneumatic na ka dị nnọọ iche n'etiti n'ihu na azụ tracks, na CX nkuku obi ike ma ọ dịghị echefu ahụkarị Citroën atụmatụ dị ka otu okwu steering wheel, speedometer na ọbụna a ebube tachometer. Mana nke ahụ mere anyị ji hụ ndị France ndị a nwere obi ike na-akparị isi - n'ihi na ha na-azọpụta anyị na banal uka nke sweets.

nkwubi

Onye nchịkọta akụkọ Franz-Peter Hudek: Citroën Traction Avant na DS kwesịrị iso na otu nnukwu oge ochie. Ha na-enye nnukwu amara nke onye ọ bụla na, na mgbakwunye na nke ahụ, usoro na-adọrọ mmasị. CX gara n'ihu na omenala a. N'ụzọ dị mwute, ọbụna Citroën Fans ghọtara nke a kama mbubreyo - taa CX abụrụla nke ụdị ụgbọ ala dị n'ihe ize ndụ.

nkọwa teknụzụ

Citroën 11 CV (nke emere na 1952)

Engine

Anọ-cylinder, anọ-strok na-akara engine na akụkụ camshaft na azụ. na usoro iheomume, Solex ma obu Zenith carburetor.

Bore x MKpọnwụ: 78 x 100mm

Olu ọrụ: 1911 cm³

Ike: 56 hp na 4000 rpm

Max. torque: 125 Nm na 2000 rpm.

Mgbasa ikeIhu-wheel mbanye, atọ ọsọ ntuziaka gearbox, mbụ gia nke mmekọrịta.

Isi na chassis

Ejiri igwe na-akwado onwe ya, nkwusioru nke onwe, okpukpu anọ na-agba breeki

N'ihu: okpukpu atọ na obe, ogologo mmiri torsion, mmiri na-adọrọ adọrọ nke telescopic.

N'azụ: akuku na-agbanwe agbanwe na ogologo ogologo na torsion transverse iyi, telescopic ujo absorbers

Akụkụ na ibu ibu Ogologo x obosara x elu: 4450 x 1670 x 1520 mm

Wheelbase: 2910 mm

Ibu ibu: 1070 n'arọ.

Dynamic arụmọrụ na-eriOke ọsọ ọsọ: 118 km / h

Oriri: 10-12 l / 100 km.

Oge maka mmepụta na mgbasaSite na 1934 ruo 1957 759.

Citroën DS 21 (1967) Nkechi

Engine

Anọ-cylinder, anọ-strok na-akara engine na akụkụ camshaft na azụ. na usoro ihe eji eme ihe, otu Weber ụlọ carburetor abụọ

Bore x MKpọnwụ: 90 x 85,5mm

Olu ọrụ: 2175 cm³

Ike: 100 hp na 5500 rpm

Max. torque: 164 Nm na 3000 rpm.

Mgbasa ikeN'ihu-wheel mbanye, anọ na-agba ntuziaka nnyefe na haịdrọlik ipigide actuation.

Isi na chassisMpempe akwụkwọ ígwè n'elu ikpo okwu etiti, hydropneumatic leveling nkwusioru, anọ na-wheel diski brek

Ihu: crossbars

N'azụ: ogologo ogologo.

Akụkụ na ibu ibu Ogologo x obosara x elu: 4840 x 1790 x 1470 mm

Wheelbase: 3125 mm

Ibu: 1280 n'arọ

Tank: 65 l.

Dynamic arụmọrụ na-eriOke ọsọ ọsọ: 175 km / h

Oriri 10-13 l / 100 km.

Oge maka mmepụta na mgbasaID Citroën na DS site na 1955 ruo 1975, 1 na mkpokọta.

Citroen CX GTI

EngineAnọ-cylinder, anọ-strok na-akara engine na akụkụ camshaft na azụ. na usoro iheomume, Bosch-L-Jetronic petrol injection system

Bore x MKpọnwụ: 93,5 x 85,5mm

Olu ọrụ: 2347 cm³

Ike: 128 hp na 4800 rpm

Max. torque: 197 Nm na 3600 rpm.

Mgbasa ikeIhu-wheel mbanye, ise-ọsọ ntuziaka nnyefe.

Isi na chassisAhụ nke na-akwado onwe ya nke nwere mgbokwasị bolis, nkwusioru hydropneumatic na nhazi, breeki diski na ụkwụ anọ ahụ

Ihu: crossbars

N'azụ: ogologo ogologo

Taya: 185 HR 14.

Akụkụ na ibu ibu Ogologo x obosara x elu: 4660 x 1730 x 1360 mm

Wheelbase: 2845 mm

Ibu: 1375 n'arọ

Tank: 68 l.

Dynamic arụmọrụ na-eriOke ọsọ ọsọ: 189 km / h

Osooso site na 0 ruo 100 km / h: 10,5 tịn.

Oriri: 8-11 l / 100 km.

Oge maka mmepụta na mgbasaCitroën CX site na 1974 ruo 1985, 1 oyiri.

Ederede: Frank-Peter Hudek

Foto: Karl-Heinz Augustin

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