Duk game da takalmin birki na mota

Babu motar da za a iya ɗauka amintacce idan ta sami lahani ko babu birki ko kaɗan. Wannan tsarin ya hada abubuwa da yawa daban-daban. Jinsi na masu motsa jiki sun hada da birki mai birki (an bayyana siffofin wannan na'urar a ciki raba bita) da toshewa

Yi la'akari da yadda za a zaɓi sabon ɓangare, lokacin da ake buƙatar maye gurbinsa, da abin da ke da kyau ga motar.

Menene takalmin birkin mota

Kushin birki wani ɓangare ne na maye gurbin caliper. Ya yi kama da farantin ƙarfe tare da ruɓan gogayya a kai. Bangaren yana da hannu kai tsaye cikin rage saurin hawa. Akwai gammaye guda biyu a cikin duka:

• Don tsarin birki;
• Don birki.

Dogaro da gyare-gyaren birki, kushin ko dai su matse faifan ko kuma su rufe bangon da gangar. Ana iya amfani da tsarin birki daban-daban a cikin motoci. Sau da yawa akwai zaɓuɓɓuka lokacin da aka rarraba jigon layin da aka ɗora ruwan birki zuwa gaba da baya.

A cikin irin waɗannan motocin, lokacin da kuka danna birkin birki, ana kunna calipers na gaba, sannan kuma na baya. A saboda wannan dalili, ana sauya gammaye ƙasa sau da yawa fiye da na gaba.

Baya ga rarrabaccen maɓalli, waɗannan samfuran sun bambanta da juna cikin aiki:

1. Kit ɗin na iya haɗawa da firikwensin sawa wanda ke haɗawa da tsarin lantarki na abin hawa. Tunda gammaye a cikin kowace mota suna iya sawa, firikwensin yana sanar da direba game da buƙatar maye gurbin ɓangaren.
2. Theungiyar birki tana da alamar mai lalacewa ta inji. Queararrawar halayyar tana bawa direba damar ƙayyade cewa abubuwan sun lalace kuma suna buƙatar sauyawa. Wannan nau'ikan pads yana da ƙananan farashi idan aka kwatanta da canjin da ya gabata.

Idan ana amfani da tsarin birki da aka haɗa a cikin motar, to abin da ke gaba a wannan yanayin zai zama faifai, na baya kuwa zai zama ganga. Irin wannan tsarin an shigar dashi akan motocin kasafin kudi. Mota mafi tsada an sanye ta da birki a cikin da'ira.

Abin da ya shafi taka birki

Injin yana tsayawa saboda aikin abin toshewa akan diski, wanda aka haɗe shi zuwa ƙafafun motar. Eimar ƙarfin gogewa wanda aka maye gurbin faifan maɓallin kewayawa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a wannan. A dabi'ance, mafi girman gogayyar, kara bayin birki zai yi aiki.

Baya ga tsarin amsawa da aikin taka birki, wannan halayyar tana shafar adadin ƙoƙarcewar direban dole ne ya hau kan fashin birki domin abin hawa ya rage gudu.

Ofimar coefficient na gogayya ta rinjayi kayan da daga gare su ake yin saman gogayya. Ya dogara da wannan ko birkin zai zama mai taushi kuma mai haske, ko kuma ana buƙatar danna ƙafafun da ƙarfi don rage ƙafafun.

Nau'in takalmin birki

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, dukkanin pads sun kasu kashi biyu: don girkawa a cikin ganguna (ƙafafun baya, da kuma a cikin tsofaffin motoci an girka su a gaba) ko a kan fayafai (ƙafafun gaba ko kuma samfurin sufuri mafi tsada - a da'irar).

Bambancin tsarin birki shi ne cewa tsarin injin yana ba da damar yin amfani da babban wurin tuntuɓar don ƙara ƙarfin tashin hankali yayin kunna birki. Wannan gyare-gyaren ya fi tasiri a cikin jigilar kaya, tunda babbar motar tana da nauyi sau da yawa, kuma birkin birki a wannan yanayin zai sami ƙaramar hanyar tuntuɓar.

Don haɓaka ƙwarewa, zai zama dole a girka ƙarin caliper, wanda ba shi da fa'ida ta tattalin arziki. Amfanin wannan gyare-gyare shine mai ƙera abin hawa na iya ƙara faɗin dutsen da gamma da yardar kaina, wanda hakan zai ƙara amincin birkunan. Rashin dacewar ababen hawan motocin drum shine rashin iska mai kyau, wannan shine dalilin da yasa zasu iya zafin rana yayin doguwar sauka. Hakanan, drum na iya tsufa da sauri, tunda duk tarkace sakamakon ci gaban kushin ya kasance cikin aikin.

Game da gyaran diski, gammaye da faifai a cikinsu sun fi kyau iska, kuma shigar datti da danshi cikin irin wannan birkin ba shi da mahimmanci don safara. Rashin dacewar irin wannan gyaran shine cewa ana iya haɓaka yankin lambar sadarwa ta shigar da diski tare da ƙara girman diamita, kuma, bisa ga haka, manyan halifofi. Wannan rashin amfani ne, tunda ba kowace dabaran ke bada damar haɓakawa ba.

Aikin gammayen ya dogara da rufin gogayya. Don wannan, masana'antun suna amfani da abubuwa daban-daban. Anan ga babban rabe-rabensu.

Adsungiyoyin birki na gargajiya

Launin gogayya na waɗannan sassan ya haɗa da abubuwa daban-daban na asalin asali. Yana iya zama roba gauraye da gilashi, fiberglass, carbon mahadi, da dai sauransu A cikin waɗannan abubuwan, ƙaramin abun ciki na kayan ƙarfe (bai fi kashi 20 cikin ɗari ba).

Faya-fayen da ke rufe abubuwa masu kyau suna da kyau don hawa motar fasinja matsakaici. A ƙananan hanzari, ɗan damuwa a kan ƙafafun birki ya isa don kunna su.

Fa'idodin waɗannan gyare-gyare sun haɗa da taushi da nutsuwa yayin taka birki. An tabbatar da wannan kayan ta hanyar kasancewar kasancewar abrasives. Rashin dacewar irin wannan gammayen shine mafi ƙarancin kayan aiki idan aka kwatanta da sauran analogs. Launin gogayya a cikinsu mai laushi ne, sabili da haka yana saurin fita da sauri.

Wani mawuyacin fa'idodi na pads na kwayoyin shine cewa basa jure zafi mai karfi. Saboda wannan dalili, an sanya su a kan jigilar mai rahusa, wanda ba ya bambanta a cikin iko na musamman. Mafi sau da yawa, irin waɗannan abubuwan za a shigar da su a kan ƙananan motoci.

Semi-ƙarfe birki gammaye

Layer gogayya mafi inganci zata kasance cikin wannan rukuni na gammaye. Ana amfani dasu a mafi yawan motoci a cikin ɓangaren kasafin kuɗi da tsakiyar farashin. Layin irin wannan pad ɗin zai ƙunshi ƙarfe (har zuwa kashi 70 cikin ɗari, ya dogara da fasahar kera abubuwa). Abubuwan da aka haɗu tare da haɗakar abu, wanda ke ba samfurin ƙarfin ƙarfi.

Ana amfani da wannan gyare-gyaren a aikace-aikacen inji. Irin waɗannan pads ɗin za a wadata su da motar fasinja, gicciye, ƙaramar babbar mota, ƙaramar mota, SUV ko motar shiga cikin wasannin motsa jiki na mai son.

Fa'idodi na kayan aikin ƙarfe-ƙarfe sune ƙaruwar rayuwar aiki (idan aka kwatanta da kwatancen kwayoyin). Hakanan, wannan Layer yana da babban coefficient na gogayya, tsayayya da ƙarfi mai zafi kuma yana sanyaya cikin sauri.

Rashin dacewar irin wadannan samfuran sun hada da samuwar karin kura (don karin bayani kan yadda ake cire adadi a cikin fayafayan diski, duba a nan). Idan aka kwatanta da takwarorin aikin gona, kayan aikin ƙarfe-ƙarfe suna daɗa kara yayin birki. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa zai ƙunshi babban adadin ƙwayoyin ƙarfe. Don ingantaccen aiki, pads dole ne su kai zafin jiki na aiki.

Takaddun birki na yumbu

Farashin waɗannan pads ɗin zai kasance sama da waɗanda aka lissafa a baya. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ƙimar su ta fi yawa. Ana amfani da zaren yumbu azaman kayan ɗamara a cikin waɗannan abubuwan.

Kushin yumbu yana amfanuwa da amsar kwalliyar birki mafi inganci. Suna da nau'ikan yanayin yanayin aiki mai yawa, kodayake ingancin sanyi basu da yawa. Ba su ƙunshe da ƙwayoyin ƙarfe, don haka waɗannan birkunan ba sa yawan surutu yayin aiki. Mafi dacewa ga motocin wasanni.

Duk da wadatar fa'idodi a kan gammayen da muka ambata a sama, analog ɗin analog ɗin ba a nufin ɗora shi a kan jinkirin kai ba. Ba a ba da shawarar musamman don amfani da su a manyan motoci da SUVs ba.

Don haka mai motar zai iya tantance kansa abin da aka yi amfani da shi don ƙera pads, masana'antun suna amfani da zane na musamman. Alamar alama na iya zama launi da wasika.

Rarraba launi yana nuna matsakaicin matsakaicin izinin zafin jiki. Wannan sigar kamar haka:

• Launin baƙar fata - ana amfani dashi a cikin motocin kasafin kuɗi na yau da kullun, kazalika da samfura a cikin ɓangaren farashin tsaka. Mafi dacewa don zirga-zirgar yau da kullun. Samfurin zaiyi tasiri idan yayi zafi bai wuce digiri 400 ba.
• Green gogayya Layer - zafi fiye da kima an yarda dashi zuwa matsakaicin digiri 650.
• Abubuwan ja ja kayan aiki ne don motocin wasan shiga-matakin shiga. Matsakaicin izinin da aka yarda dashi shine Celsius 750.
• Hannun Yellow - An yi amfani dashi akan motocin tsere na ƙwararru waɗanda ke shiga cikin tsere kamar tseren kewaya ko tseren waƙa. Irin wannan birkunan suna iya kiyaye tasirin su har zuwa zafin jiki na 900^оC. Za'a iya nuna wannan kewayon zafin a cikin shuɗi ko shuɗi mai haske.
• Ana amfani da takalmin lemu ne kawai a cikin motocin tsere na musamman, birkunan da zasu iya zafin har zuwa digiri dubu.

A kan kowane pad, ban da bayani game da masana'anta da takaddun shaida, kamfanin na iya nuna daidaito na rikici. Wannan zai zama halin haruffa. Tunda wannan ma'aunin yana canzawa gwargwadon dumama takalmin, mai ƙirar zai iya amfani da haruffa biyu. Indicatesaya yana nuna ƙimar ƙwanƙwasawa (CT) a yanayin zafi kusan 95^оC, da na biyu - kusan 315^оC. Wannan alamar za ta bayyana kusa da lambar ɓangaren.

Anan ne sigogin kowane hali ya dace da:

• C - CT har zuwa 0,15;
• D - CT daga 0,15 zuwa 0,25;
• E - CT daga 0,25 zuwa 0,35;
• F - CT daga 0,35 zuwa 0,45;
• G - CT daga 0,45 zuwa 0,55
• H - CT daga 0,55 da ƙari.

Tare da mahimmin ilimin wannan alamar, zai zama da sauƙi ga direba ya zaɓi madafun ingancin da ya dace da takamaiman yanayin aiki.

Rarraba ta "ƙimar farashi"

Tunda kowane mai sana'anta yana amfani da gaurayayyen kayan haɗin kansu, yana da matuƙar wahala a tantance wane layin ne yafi kyau. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan su, koda a cikin samfuran masana'anta ɗaya.

Kowane rukunin samfura ya dace da nau'ikan ajin motoci. Ana iya sanya takalmi mai arha a cikin motar a masana'anta, amma ban da haka mai motar zai iya sayan wani kwatancen analog wanda zai ba da damar amfani da abin hawa a cikin yanayi mafi tsanani.

Ta hanyar al'ada, an raba kayan gogayya zuwa gida uku:

• Babban (na farko) aji;
• Matsakaici (na biyu);
• (Ananan aji (na uku).

Ajin aji na farko ya hada da abin da ake kira kayan gyaran asali. Mafi sau da yawa, waɗannan samfuran ne waɗanda wasu kamfanoni ke ƙirƙira don sanannun alama. Ana amfani da samfuranta akan layin taro.

Yana faruwa cewa mai kera mota yana samun gammaye masu inganci fiye da waɗanda ke zuwa kasuwar sassan motoci. Dalilin haka shine maganin zafin-zafi. Domin abin hawa yana zuwa daga layin taron don saduwa da takaddun shaida, maƙallan birki suna "ƙone".

Shagunan sassan motoci ta atomatik a ƙarƙashin "asali" za su sayar da analog ɗin tare da sauƙaƙan abun ciki kuma ba tare da aiwatar da aikin farko ba. A saboda wannan dalili, babu wani babban bambanci tsakanin wani yanki na asali da makamancinsa wanda wani sanannen sanannen ke siyarwa, kuma ana buƙatar “laɓo” sabbin faya-fayan kimanin kilomita 50

Wani bambanci tsakanin kayayyakin "mai jigilar kayayyaki" daga irinsu, waɗanda ake siyarwa a shagunan motoci, shine bambanci a cikin ƙimar gogayya da rayuwarta ta aiki. A kan injunan da ke zuwa daga layin taron, birkunan birki suna da CT mafi girma, amma ba sa gudu sosai. Game da analogs da aka siyar akan kasuwar sassan motoci, suna da akasin haka - CT yana shan wahala, amma sun daɗe.

Samfurori na aji na biyu suna da ƙarancin inganci idan aka kwatanta da na baya. A wannan yanayin, kamfanin na iya ɗan karkata daga fasahar kerawa, amma samfurin ya haɗu da takaddun shaida. Don wannan, ana amfani da nadi R-90. Kusa da wannan alamar ita ce lambar ƙasa (E) wacce aka aiwatar da takardar shaidar. Jamus ta 1, Italiya 3, da Great Britain 11.

Kwancen birki na aji na biyu ana buƙata saboda suna da kyakkyawan darajar farashi / aiki.

Yana da kyau sosai cewa samfuran aji na uku zasu kasance mafi ƙarancin inganci fiye da waɗanda suka gabata. Irin waɗannan pads ɗin ana samar da su ne ta ƙananan masana'antun da ke iya kasancewa ɓangare na rukunin samar da wata alama ta mota, ko na iya zama ƙananan kamfanoni ne daban.

Siyan irin waɗannan kushin, mai motar yana aiki ne da haɗarin sa da haɗarin sa, saboda wannan yana shafar lafiyar abin hawa idan ana buƙatar birki na gaggawa. A wani yanayi, rufin gogayyar na iya sanyawa ba daidai ba, a daya kuma, yana iya zama da karfi cewa kafar direba za ta gaji da sauri idan ana matsa feda akai-akai.

Menene masana'antun

Kafin siyan pads, ya kamata ka kula da marufinsa. Akwatin kwali na yau da kullun ba tare da alamun shaida ba yana haifar da damuwa, koda kuwa yana nuna alamar da ta saba. Maƙerin, ya damu da sunansa, ba zai bar kuɗi a kan kwali mai inganci ba. Hakanan zai nuna alamar takaddun shaida (90R).

Kwancen birki daga kamfanoni masu zuwa suna shahara:

• Mafi yawan lokuta, abin sha'awa tsakanin masu motoci shine rubutun Brembo;
• Don gasa na wasanni na matakin mai son, Ferodo yana samar da gammaye masu kyau;
• Faifan alamar ATE suna ɗauke da samfuran ƙima;
• Bendix yana da sunan duniya a tsakanin masana'antun ingantattun tsarin taka birki;
• Za'a iya zaɓar mafi kyawun zaɓi don tsarin birni a cikin kayan da Remsa ke sayarwa;
• Kamfanin Jurid na Jamus yana amfani da fasahohi masu haɓaka a cikin samarwa, godiya ga abin da samfuran suka shahara tsakanin masu motoci;
• Pagid yana ƙera samfuran “layin taro” don haɗa motoci kamar Volkswagen Golf, Audi TT da Q7, da wasu samfuran Porsche;
• Ga masoya salon tuki na wasanni, akwai samfurin abin dogara da alamar Textar ta kera shi;
• Wani kamfanin kera kayan Jamus wanda ke samar da kayan birki masu inganci ba, har ma da kayan aiki iri iri shine Bosch;
• Duk da yake Lockheed shine farkon masana'antar injunan jirgin sama, masana'antar kuma tana ba da kyawawan birkin birki;
• Idan an sayi sabuwar mota, to maimakon daidaitattun abubuwa, zaku iya shigar da analogues daga Lucas / TRW.

Kushin sutura da lalacewar diski

Kayan birki na birki ya dogara da dalilai da yawa. Na farko shine ingancin samfur. Mun riga mun yi la'akari da wannan batun. Abu na biyu shi ne yawan abin hawa. Mafi girma shi ne, mafi girman haɓakar gogayya ya kasance a ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren, tunda ƙarfin inertial irin wannan motar yana da girma.

Wani mahimmin abin da zai iya rage yawan gaske ko akasin haka - ƙara rayuwar aiki na gammaye shine salon tuki na direba. Ga masu ababen hawa, wadanda galibi suke tuka mota gwargwado kuma ba sa taka birki sosai, wadannan bangarorin na iya yin tafiyar kilomita dubu 50 ko fiye. Mafi yawan lokuta direba yakan sanya birki, da sauri abin da za a sa rigima zai lalace. Wannan sinadarin shima yana saurin lalacewa idan lahani ya bayyana a faifan.

Idan takalmin birki (musamman mai arha, mai ƙarancin ƙarfi) na iya kasawa kwatsam, to a game da faifai wannan yana faruwa sosai. A karkashin yanayin aiki na yau da kullun, wannan bangare ya kasance cikin yanayi mai kyau har sai mai abin hawa ya canza shimfidar pads 2. Lokacin da faifan ya fitar da milimita biyu, dole ne a maye gurbinsa da sabo. Ana iya ƙayyade wannan ma'aunin ta tsayin chamfer da aka kafa akan ɓangaren.

Wasu mutane suna bincika yanayin diski ta hanyar taɓa hannu tsakanin kakakin motar, amma zai fi kyau a cire motar gaba ɗaya don wannan aikin. Dalilin haka shi ne yuwuwar ƙaruwar lalacewar saman a cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren. Idan akwai raguwa a kan faifan, amma gammayen ba su riga sun tsufa ba, to ana iya jinkirta sauya sashin farko na ɗan gajeren lokaci, musamman idan direba yana tuƙi daidai.

Amma birki birgima, sun gaji da yawa a hankali, amma kuma suna ci gaba. Ba tare da cire kwalin ganga ba, yanayin yanayin sadarwar kusan ba zai yuwu a tantance ba. Idan kaurin bangon duriyar ya kafe da milimita guda, lokaci yayi da za'a maye gurbinsa.

Yaushe zan canza takalmin birki na?

Yawancin lokaci, masana'antun mota suna nuna irin wannan lokacin sauyawa - daga tafiyar kilomita 30 zuwa 50 dubu (akasin hakan man canji tazara wannan ma'aunin ya dogara da nisan miloli). Yawancin masu ababen hawa zasu maye gurbin waɗannan ɓangarorin masu amfani ko sun gaji ko a'a.

Ko da kuwa kudin mai motar ba su da iyaka, ba a ba da shawarar sayen kayayyaki masu arha, tunda lafiyar da lafiyar ba wai kawai direba da fasinjojinsa ba, har ma da sauran masu amfani da hanyar ya dogara da wadannan abubuwan.

bincikowa da

Yanayin birki na birki na iya ƙayyadewa ta dalilai masu halaye da yawa. Kafin "yin zunubi" a birki, ya kamata ka fara tabbatar da cewa dukkan ƙafafun suna da madaidaicin taya (lokacin da birkin motar, rashin daidaituwa a cikin ɗayan tayoyin na iya bayyana iri ɗaya da gazawar birki).

Anan ga abin da yakamata a nemi lokacin taka birki:

1. Lokacin da aka taka birki sosai, ana jin bugawa a cikin feda. Wannan na iya faruwa, alal misali, tare da ɗan matsi yayin gabatowa da hasken zirga-zirga. A yayin aiki, layin gogayya a kan dukkan pads ya fita daidai. Abun da pad ɗin yayi siriri a kansa zai haifar da duka. Hakanan yana iya nuna alamar diski mara kyau.
2. Lokacin da kushin ya ƙare zuwa matsakaici, sai ya yi ƙara da ƙarfi yayin tuntuɓar diski. Tasirin ba zai ɓace bayan matattarar ƙafafu da yawa ba. Ana fitar da wannan sautin ta hanyar siginar sigina na musamman, wanda ke sanye da mafi yawan rubbers na zamani.
3. Fushin takalmin goge goge kuma na iya shafar ƙwarewar feda. Misali, birki na iya zama mai wahala ko akasin haka - mai taushi. Idan dole ne ku kara ƙoƙari don danna feda, to lallai ya kamata ku kula da gammaye. A yayin da aka toshe ƙafafun ƙafafun, ya kamata a aiwatar da maye gurbin da wuri-wuri, tunda wannan yana iya zama alama ce ta cikakkiyar suturar rufi, kuma ƙarfen ya riga ya yi hulɗa da ƙarfe.
4. Kasancewa a kan gefuna na ajiya mai ƙarfi na hoto wanda aka gauraye da ƙwayoyin ƙarfe. Wannan yana nuna cewa layin gogayyar ya ƙare, kuma an ƙirƙira sutura a kan diski kanta.

Wadannan ayyukan bincike basu da kai tsaye. A kowane hali, ba tare da cire ƙafafun ba, kuma a game da ganguna, ba tare da rarraba na'urar gaba ɗaya ba, ba zai yuwu a tantance yanayin birkunan ba. Yana da sauƙin yin wannan a cibiyar sabis, inda ƙwararru zasu bincika duk tsarin a lokaci ɗaya.

A ƙarshen bita, muna ba da ƙaramin kwatancin bidiyo na wasu nau'ikan kushin don motar kasafin kuɗi:

Kwatankwacin kwatancen faifan birki daban-daban, rabinsu suna ta kururuwa.

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Wane irin birki ne akwai? Nau'in birki ga motoci: ƙananan ƙarfe, ƙananan ƙarfe, yumbu, marasa asbestos (kwayoyin halitta). Kowannen su yana da nasa amfani da rashin amfaninsa.

Yadda za a gane cewa birki pads sun ƙare? Sot a kan gefen yana da uniform da gawayi, pads har yanzu suna da kyau. Idan akwai barbashi na karfe a cikin soot, ya riga ya ƙare kuma yana fara katse diskin birki.