Tsarin da tsarin aiki na tsarin kare masu tafiya a kafa

Dubun-dubatar hadura da ke tattare da masu tafiya a kafa na faruwa a titunan Rasha a kowace shekara. Irin wannan hatsarin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar laifin direbobi da kuma rashin kulawar mutane da ke shiga hanyar. Domin rage yawan munanan raunuka a karo tsakanin mota da mutum, masu kera motoci sun ƙirƙiri wata hanya ta musamman - kaho mai aiki tare da tsarin kariyar masu tafiya. Mene ne, za mu gaya muku a cikin kayanmu.

Menene tsarin

An fara amfani da tsarin kare lafiyar matafiya akan motocin kera motoci a Turai a shekarar 2011. A yau ana amfani da na'urar a yawancin motocin Turai da na Amurka. Manyan kamfanoni uku suna cikin aikin samar da kayan aiki:

• TRW Holdings Automotive (yana ƙera samfurin da ake kira Tsarin Kariyar Masu Tafiya da Kafa, PPS).
• Bosch (yana ƙera Kariyar Masu Tafiya da Wutar Lantarki, ko EPP).
• Siemens.

Duk da bambance-bambancen da ke cikin sunaye, duk masana'antun suna samar da tsarin da ke aiki bisa ƙa'ida ɗaya: idan ba za a iya kauce wa karo da mai tafiya ba, hanyar kariya tana aiki ta yadda za a rage sakamakon hatsari ga mutum.

Manufar tsarin

Na'urar ta dogara ne akan bonnet mai aiki tare da tsarin kariyar masu tafiya. Lokacin da mutum ya buge mota, murfin yakan buɗe kaɗan da kusan santimita 15, yana ɗaukar nauyin babban nauyin. A wasu lokuta, ana iya yin amfani da tsarin tare da jakunkuna masu tafiya na ƙafa, waɗanda ake harbawa lokacin da aka buɗe murfin kuma laushi tasirin.

Murfin buɗewa yana ƙaruwa tsakanin mutum da abin hawa. A sakamakon haka, mai tafiya a kafa yana samun raunin da ba shi da sauƙi, kuma a wasu lokuta na iya tashi da ƙananan rauni.

Abubuwa da ka'idojin aiki

Tsarin kariyar masu tafiya a kafa ya kunshi manyan abubuwa guda uku:

• Na'urar haska bayanai;
• sashin sarrafawa;
• zartarwa na'urorin (hood lifers).

Masana'anta sun sanya firikwensin hanzari da dama a gaban motar. Baya ga waɗannan, ana iya sanya firikwensin lamba. Babban aikin na'urori shine sarrafa canje-canje masu yuwuwa yayin motsi. Bugu da ari, makircin aiki kamar haka:

• Da zaran firikwensin sun gyara mutum a mafi karancin tazara daga abin hawa, nan take suke aika sigina zuwa sashin sarrafawa.
• Theungiyar sarrafawa, bi da bi, tana tantance ko an yi karo da gaske tare da mai tafiya kuma ko ana buƙatar buɗe murfin.
• Idan halin gaggawa ya faru da gaske, masu aiwatarwa nan da nan za su fara aiki - maɓuɓɓugan ruwa masu ƙarfi ko harbe-harben bindiga.

Tsarin aminci na masu tafiya a ƙasa na iya zama sanye take da naúrarta na lantarki ko, ta amfani da software, ana iya haɗa shi cikin tsarin kiyaye lafiyar abin hawa. Zaɓin na biyu ana ɗauka mafi inganci.

Jakar iska ta masu tafiya

Don samar da kariya mafi inganci ga masu tafiya a yayin karo, ana iya sanya jakar iska a ƙarƙashin murfin motar. An haɗa su cikin aikin a daidai lokacin da aka buɗe murfin.

A karon farko, Volvo ta yi amfani da irin wannan na’urorin a kan motocin fasinjojin ta.

Ba kamar jakunkunan iska na yau da kullun ba, ana tura jakankuna masu tafiya daga waje. An shigar da inji a cikin ginshiƙan gilashin gilashi, da kuma kai tsaye a ƙasa da shi.

Lokacin da mai tafiya ya buge mota, tsarin zaiyi aiki tare lokaci ɗaya tare da buɗe murfin. Matasan kai zasu kare mutum daga tasiri kuma zai kiyaye gilashin motar yadda yake.

Ana sanya jakankunan jirgi masu tafiya a lokacin da motar ke tsakanin 20 zuwa 50 km / h. Kafa waɗannan ƙuntatawa, masana'antun sun dogara da bayanan ƙididdiga, bisa ga yawancin haɗarin (wato, 75%) tare da sa hannun masu tafiya a ƙafa suna faruwa a cikin garin cikin saurin da bai wuce 40 km / h ba.

Devicesarin na'urori

Za a iya amfani da ƙarin na'urori, tsarin da ƙirar ƙira don tabbatar da amincin mutanen da ba zato ba tsammani suka fito kan hanyar gaban motar, gami da:

• kaho mai taushi;
• damina mai laushi;
• distanceara nisa daga injin zuwa murfin;
• goge mara gogewa;
• wani karin gangare da gilashin gilashi.

Duk waɗannan hanyoyin zasu ba mai tafiya a kafa damar gujewa karaya, raunin kai da sauran lahanin lafiya. Rashin haɗuwa kai tsaye tare da injin da gilashin gilashi yana ba ka damar sauka da tsoro da ƙwanan haske.

Wani lokaci direba ba zai iya tsammanin bayyanar mai tafiya a hanyar mota ba. Idan mutum ya bazu kwatsam a gaban motar, tsarin taka birki bashi da lokacin dakatar da abin hawa. Karin makomar ba kawai wanda aka azabtar ba, har ma da mai motar na iya dogaro da cutarwar da aka yi wa lafiyar mai tafiya. Sabili da haka, yayin zaɓar mota, yana da mahimmanci a kula ba kawai kasancewar tsarin tsaro ga direba da fasinjoji ba, har ma da hanyoyin da ke rage raunin rauni a karo da mutum.