Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive
Dakatarwa da tuƙi,  Kayan abin hawa

Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

Kowace shekara, masu kera motoci suna inganta ƙirar motocinsu, suna yin wasu canje-canje a cikin ƙira da fasalin sabbin ƙarnuka na ababen hawa. Za'a iya karɓar wasu ɗaukakawa ta tsarin atomatik masu zuwa:

  • An bayyana sanyaya (na'urar tsarin sanyaya na gargajiya, da kuma wasu gyare-gyarenta a cikin labarin daban);
  • An tattauna dalla-dalla masu ma'ana (ma'anarsa da ƙa'idar aiki dalla-dalla a nan);
  • Gnitiononewa (game da ita akwai wani bita);
  • Fuel (ana la'akari da shi daki-daki daban);
  • Sauye-sauye iri-iri na duk-dabaran, misali, xDrive, wanda ya karanta game da a nan.

Dogaro da shimfidawa da kuma manufar hada kayan kwalliya, mota na iya karɓar ɗaukakawa kwata-kwata ga kowane irin tsari, har ma da wanda ba tilas ga motocin zamani ba. a cikin wani bita na daban).

Ofayan mahimman tsare-tsaren da ke tabbatar da aminci da kwanciyar hankali na motsi shine dakatarwarsa. Anyi la'akari da sigar gargajiya dalla-dalla a nan... Newaddamar da sababbin gyare-gyare na dakatarwa, kowane mai ƙira yana ƙoƙari ya kawo samfuran su kusa da yadda ya dace, wanda zai iya daidaita yanayin yanayi daban-daban da biyan buƙatun kowane, koda direba ne mai ƙwarewa. Don wannan, alal misali, an haɓaka tsarin dakatar da aiki (karanta game da shi daban).

Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

A cikin wannan bita, za mu mai da hankali kan ɗayan ingantattun gyare -gyaren dakatarwa da aka yi amfani da su a yawancin samfuran Citroen, da wasu wasu masu kera motoci. Wannan shine dakatarwar Hydractive hydropneumatic. Bari mu tattauna menene bambancin sa, yadda yake aiki da yadda yake aiki. Hakanan zamuyi la’akari da menene rashin aikin sa, kuma menene fa'idodi da rashin sa.

Menene dakatarwar motar hydropneumatic

Duk wani gyara na dakatarwar an yi shi ne da farko don inganta halaye masu motsa jiki na motar (kwanciyarta lokacin da ake yin saƙo da kuma yayin aiwatar da kaifin motsawa), tare da ƙara ƙarfafawa ga duk wanda ke cikin gidan a yayin tafiyar. Dakatarwar hydropneumatic ba banda bane.

Wannan nau'in dakatarwa ne, wanda ƙirar sa ke nuna kasancewar ƙarin abubuwa don canza ƙarancin tsarin. Wannan, gwargwadon yanayin da ke kan hanya, yana ba motar damar yin ƙasa kaɗan (taurin dole ne don tuki mai saurin motsa jiki) ko kuma samar wa abin hawa da mafi taushi.

Hakanan, wannan tsarin yana ba ku damar canza izinin ƙasa (game da menene, yadda ake auna shi, da kuma irin rawar da yake da shi ga motar, karanta a cikin wani bita) na motar, ba wai kawai don daidaita shi ba, har ma don ba da asalin abin hawa, kamar yadda, alal misali, a cikin ƙananan hanyoyi (karanta game da wannan salon cin gashin kai a nan).

A takaice, wannan dakatarwar ta bambanta da takwararta ta yau da kullun ta yadda baya amfani da kowane madaidaicin abu, a misali, bazara, abin birgewa ko sandar torsion Makircin wannan dakatarwar lallai ya haɗa da fannoni da yawa waɗanda ke cike da iskar gas ko wani ruwa.

Tsakanin waɗannan kogon akwai ruɓaɓɓen fata, membrane mai ƙarfi wanda ke hana cakuda waɗannan hanyoyin watsa labarai daban-daban. Kowane yanki an cika shi da ruwa zuwa wani yanayi, wanda zai ba ka damar canza yanayin aikin aiki na dakatarwa (zai amsa daban da rashin daidaiton hanya). Canji a cikin taurin dakatarwar yana faruwa ne saboda gaskiyar cewa fisiton yana canza matsa lamba a cikin da'irar, saboda matsawa ko raunana tasirin iskar gas da ke cika aikin aiki na yanki yana faruwa ta cikin membrane.

Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

Hanyar lantarki ta atomatik sarrafawa. A cikin motar zamani wacce aka wadata da wannan tsarin, ana daidaita yanayin jiki ta hanyar lantarki. Tsayin motar ana tantance ta ne ta hanyar sigogi kamar saurin motar, yanayin farfajiyar hanya, da sauransu. Dogaro da ƙirar mota, tana iya amfani da firikwensin kansa ko firikwensin kansa, wanda aka tsara don aikin wani tsarin motar.

Tsarin Hydractive ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi inganci da ci gaba, duk da cewa fasaha ta fi shekaru 70 da haihuwa. Kafin la'akari da irin motocin da za'a iya sanya wajan dakatar da su, kuma mene ne ka'idar aikin ta, bari muyi la’akari da yadda wannan ci gaban ya bayyana.

Tarihin bayyanar fitowar Citroen hydraulic

Tarihin ci gaban sigar hydraulic na wannan tsarin motar ya fara ne a 1954 tare da sakin motar farko tare da irin wannan dakatarwa. Ya kasance Citroen Traction Avante. Wannan ƙirar ta karɓi abubuwa masu jan hankali na hydraulic (an saka su a sashin baya na injin maimakon maɓuɓɓugan ruwa). An yi amfani da wannan gyaran daga baya a cikin samfuran DS.

Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

Amma a wancan lokacin ba a iya kiran wannan tsarin hydropneumatic. Dakatarwar tsaftacewa ta ruwa, wanda yanzu ake kira Hydractive, ya fara bayyana akan motar motar ta Activa. An nuna tsarin aiki a cikin shekara ta 88 na karnin da ya gabata. A duk tsawon lokacin samarwar, Hydractive ya canza ƙarni biyu, kuma a yau ana amfani da ƙarni na uku na na'urar akan wasu ƙirar inji.

Ci gaban ya dogara ne da tsarin aiki na nau'ikan dakatarwar da aka yi amfani da su a manyan motoci, gami da kayan aikin soja masu nauyi. Sabon abu, wanda aka tsara shi a karo na farko don jigilar fasinja, ya haifar da farin ciki tsakanin masu ba da labarin mota da ƙwararru a duniyar masana'antar kera motoci. A hanyar, dakatarwar daidaitawa ba shine kawai ci gaban juyin juya halin da Citroen ya gabatar cikin samfuransa ba.

Hasken daidaitawa (hasken fitila ya juya zuwa gefe inda abin tuƙin ko kowane sitiyari ke juyawa) wani ci gaba ne na gaba wanda aka gabatar a cikin samfurin 1968 Citroen DS. Cikakkun bayanai game da wannan tsarin an bayyana su a cikin wani bita... A haɗe da wannan tsarin, jiki, mai iya ɗagawa, da kuma aiki mafi taushi da santsi na dampers, sun kawo ma motar wata ɗaukakar da ba a taɓa gani ba. Ko a yau, abune mai kwadayi wanda wasu masu tara motoci zasu so su siya.

Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

Samfurai na zamani yanzu suna amfani da ƙarni na uku na tsarin, ba tare da la'akari da ko motar ta kewaya-baya ba ko motar-gaba. Zamuyi magana game da bambance-bambance tsakanin zane na baya kadan. Yanzu bari muyi la'akari da wace ka'ida tsarin zamani yake dashi.

Yadda dakatarwar Hydractive ke aiki

Dakatarwar hydropneumatic ya dogara ne akan tsarin aikin hydraulics akan mai kunnawa, kamar, misali, a cikin tsarin birki (an bayyana shi dalla-dalla a cikin wani bita). Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, maimakon maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da masu ɗaukar damuwa, irin wannan tsarin yana amfani da wani yanki, wanda ke cike da nitrogen ƙarƙashin babban matsi. Wannan ma'aunin ya dogara da nauyin motar, kuma wani lokacin takan iya kaiwa 100 ATM.

A cikin kowane yanki akwai membrane mai roba wanda yake da ƙarfi sosai wanda ya raba gas da kuma hanyoyin lantarki. A ƙarni na farko na dakatarwar hydraulic, anyi amfani da mai mota tare da haɗin ma'adinai (don ƙarin bayani game da nau'ikan mai na mota, karanta a nan). Ya kasance daga rukunin LHM kuma ya kasance kore. Generationsarnoni na zamani na tsarin suna amfani da analog na lemu mai roba (rubuta LDS don shigarwar hydraulic).

An shigar da nau'ikan nau'i biyu a cikin motar: aiki da tarawa. Dedicatedaya daga cikin wuraren aikin an sadaukar da shi zuwa keɓaɓɓiyar ƙafa. Yankin tarawa yana haɗi tare da ma'aikata ta babbar hanyar gama gari. A cikin kwantena masu aiki a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren akwai rami don sandar silinda ta silinda (dole ne ta ɗaga motar motar zuwa tsayin da ake so ko runtse shi)

Dakatarwar tana aiki ta hanyar canza matsin ruwan aiki. Ana amfani da gas azaman kayan roba, yana cika sarari a cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren da ke sama da membrane. Don hana man hydraulic yawo daga wani fannin aiki zuwa wani da kansa (saboda wannan, za a lura da jujjuyawar jiki), masu ƙirar suna amfani da ramuka tare da wani sashe a cikin tsarin, da kuma bawul-irin fentin fenti.

Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

Abubuwan da aka kera na ramuka masu ƙwanƙwasa shi ne cewa suna haifar da gogayya mai ƙarfi (mai na lantarki yana da ƙarfi da yawa fiye da ruwa, saboda haka ba zai iya yawo da kansa daga rami zuwa rami ta ƙananan tashoshi ba - wannan yana buƙatar matsi mai yawa). Yayin aiki, man yana zafi, wanda ke haifar da fadada shi kuma yana dusar da sakamakon da aka samu.

Madadin masanin abin birgewa (karanta game da tsarin sa da kuma tsarin aikin sa daban) ana amfani da strut na lantarki Man da ke ciki ba ya kumfa ko tafasa. Masu amfani da gas da ke cike da gas yanzu suna da ƙa'ida ɗaya (karanta game da waɗanda masu shanyewa suka fi kyau: gas ko mai, karanta a wani labarin). Wannan ƙirar ta ba wa na'urar damar yin aiki na dogon lokaci a ƙarƙashin manyan kaya. Bugu da ƙari, kaɗan a cikin wannan ƙirar ba ya rasa dukiyarsa, koda kuwa yana da zafi sosai.

Yanayi daban-daban na aiki na tsarin suna buƙatar nasu matsafan mai da ƙimar ƙirƙirar matsin da ake so. Wannan tsari yana da yawa a cikin tsarin. Santsi na bugun fiston ya dogara da buɗewar wani bawul. Hakanan zaka iya canza taurin dakatarwar ta hanyar girka ƙarin yanayi.

A cikin sauye-sauye na baya-bayan nan, ana sarrafa wannan tsari ta hanyar firikwensin kwanciyar hankali, kuma a cikin wasu motocin maƙeran ya ba da don daidaitawar hannu (a wannan yanayin, farashin tsarin ba zai yi tsada ba).

Layin yana aiki ne kawai lokacin da injin yake aiki. Kayan lantarki mai sarrafa motoci da yawa yana baka damar canza matsayin jiki a cikin halaye huɗu. Na farko shine mafi ƙarancin izinin ƙasa. Wannan ya sauƙaƙa don ɗora abin hawa. Latterarshen shine mafi girman izinin ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, ya fi sauƙi don abin hawa ya shawo kan yanayin-hanya.

Gaskiya ne, ingancin wucewar matsaloli ta mota kai tsaye ya dogara da nau'in ɓangaren dakatarwar baya - ƙirar katako ko tsarin haɗin mahaɗi. Sauran hanyoyin guda biyu suna ba da kwanciyar hankali da direba ke so, amma yawanci babu manyan bambance-bambance a tsakanin su.

Idan hydropneumatics kawai ya kara tazara tsakanin jiki da igiya, wucewar abin hawa a mafi yawan lokuta a zahiri baya canzawa - motar na iya sawa a kan cikas tare da katako. Ana amfani da ingantaccen amfani da hydropneumatics lokacin amfani da ƙirar mahaɗi mai yawa. A wannan yanayin, yarda ya canza sosai. Misalin wannan shine dakatarwar daidaitawa a cikin sabon ƙarni na Land Rover Defender (ana iya karanta gwajin gwajin wannan ƙirar a nan).

Inara matsa lamba a cikin layin ana bayar da shi ta famfo mai. Ana ba da taimako na tsawo ta hanyar bawul ɗin da ya dace. Don haɓaka izinin ƙasa, lantarki yana kunna famfon kuma yana tura ƙarin mai zuwa tsakiyar filin. Da zaran matsi a cikin layin ya isa ma'aunin da ake buƙata, ana kunna bawul ɗin kuma famfon yana kashe.

Lokacin da direba ya danna matattarar mai da sauri kuma motar ta karu da sauri, lantarki yana yin rijistar abin hawa. Idan ka bar yarda daga ƙasa sama, aerodynamics zai cutar da abin hawa (don cikakkun bayanai kan aerodynamics, karanta a wani labarin). A saboda wannan dalili, lantarki yana fara sakin matsawar mai a cikin da'ira ta layin dawowa. Wannan yana kawo motar kusa da ƙasa kuma iskar iska tana tura shi mafi kyau akan hanya.

Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

Tsarin yana canza izinin ƙasa milimita 15 ƙasa lokacin da motar ta yi saurin gudu fiye da kilomita 110 a awa ɗaya. Muhimmin abin da ake buƙata don wannan shine ƙimar hanyar hanyar (don ƙayyade wannan, akwai, misali, tsarin sarrafa kwanciyar hankali). A yanayin rashin kyawun hanya da sauri, ƙasa da 60 km / h, motar ta tashi da milimita 20. Idan an loda motar, wutar lantarki suma suna harba mai a babbar hanya domin jiki ya riƙe matsayinshi dangane da hanyar.

Wani zaɓin da ake samu ga wasu nau'ikan samfuran da ke dauke da tsarin Hydractive shine ikon kawar da mirgina motar yayin saurin tafiya. A wannan yanayin, sashin sarrafawa yana ƙayyade gwargwadon yadda aka ɗora wa wani ɓangare na dakatarwa, kuma, ta amfani da bawul din taimako, yana sauya matsa lamba a kan kowane ƙafafun. Irin wannan tsari yana faruwa don kawar da peck lokacin da na'urar ta tsaya ba zato ba tsammani.

Babban abubuwan dakatarwa Hydractive

Tsarin dakatarwa na hydropneumatic ya ƙunshi:

  • Hanyoyin motsa jiki na Hydropneumatic (yankin aiki na ƙafa ɗaya);
  • Mai tarawa (tsakiya). Tana tara adadin mai don aiki na duk yankuna;
  • Areasarin wuraren da ke daidaita taurin dakatarwar;
  • Wani famfo wanda yake tura ruwan da ke aiki zuwa wasu da'irori daban. Na'urar asalin kayan aikinta ne, amma sabbin zamani suna amfani da famfo na lantarki;
  • Bawuloli da masu kula da matsa lamba waɗanda aka haɗu zuwa nau'rori daban-daban ko dandamali. Kowane toshe na bawul da masu daidaitawa suna da alhakin nata taron. Akwai irin wannan rukunin yanar gizon kowane yanki;
  • Layin lantarki, wanda ya haɗa dukkan abubuwan sarrafawa da abubuwan zartarwa;
  • Tsaro, tsarawa da kewaye bawul masu alaƙa da tsarin birki da sarrafa wutar lantarki (an yi amfani da irin wannan tsari a cikin wasu nau'ikan a ƙarni na farko da na biyu, kuma a na ukun ba sa nan, tunda wannan tsarin yanzu yana da 'yanci);
  • Controlungiyar sarrafa lantarki, wanda, daidai da siginar da aka karɓa daga firikwensin wannan da sauran tsarin, ya kunna algorithm ɗin da aka tsara kuma ya aika sigina zuwa famfon ko masu mulki;
  • Na'urar auna firikwensin jiki a gaba da bayan abin hawan.

Tsararraki na dakatar da ruwa

Zamani na kowane zamani ya faru ne don haɓaka aminci da haɓaka ayyukan tsarin. Da farko, an haɗa layin na lantarki tare da tsarin birki da tuƙin wuta. Generationarshen ƙarni na ƙarshe sun sami maɓuɓɓuka masu zaman kansu daga waɗannan nodes. Saboda wannan, gazawar ɗayan tsarin da aka lissafa baya shafar aikin dakatarwar.

Yi la'akari da siffofin keɓaɓɓu na kowane ɗayan al'ummomin da ke gudana na dakatarwar motar hydropneumatic.

Zamani na XNUMX

Duk da cewa ci gaban ya bayyana a cikin shekaru 50 na karnin da ya gabata, tsarin ya fara samar da kayan masarufi a cikin 1990. Wannan gyare-gyaren dakatarwa an haɗa shi tare da wasu ƙirar Citroen, kamar XM ko Xantia.

Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

Kamar yadda muka tattauna a baya, an haɗu da ƙarni na farko na tsarin tare da birki da sarrafa wutar lantarki. A ƙarni na farko na tsarin, za a iya dakatar da dakatarwar zuwa halaye biyu:

  • Atomatik... Sensor suna yin rikodin sigogi daban-daban na motar, alal misali, matsayi na feda mai hanzari, matsin lamba a cikin birki, matsayin sitiyari, da sauransu. Kamar yadda sunan yanayin yake nunawa, wutar lantarki da kanta ta tantance abin da matsin lamba a babbar hanya ya kamata ta kasance don samun daidaitattun daidaito tsakanin jin daɗi da aminci yayin tafiya;
  • Wasanni... Wannan yanayin da aka saba don tuki mai motsi. Baya ga tsayin abin hawa, tsarin kuma ya canza taurin abubuwa masu lahani.

Zamani na XNUMX

Sakamakon sabuntawa, masana'anta sun canza wasu sigogi na yanayin atomatik. A ƙarni na biyu, an kira shi daɗi. Hakan ya ba shi damar ba kawai don canza izinin motar ba, amma kuma a taƙaice taurin danshi lokacin da motar ta shiga juzu'i ko kuma saurin gudu.

Kasancewar irin wannan aikin ya bawa direba damar canza saitunan lantarki idan ya tuƙa motar da ƙarfi sosai na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Misali na irin waɗannan yanayi shine kaifin abin hawa yayin gujewa cikas ko wucewar wata motar.

Wata bidi'a da masu haɓaka dakatarwa suka yi shine ƙarin yankin wanda aka sanya bawul din rajista. Wannan ƙarin abubuwan sun ba da damar kiyaye babban kai a cikin layin na dogon lokaci.

Abubuwan da aka tsara na wannan tsari shine kasancewar matsa lamba a cikin tsarin an kiyaye shi sama da mako guda, kuma saboda wannan mai motar ba ya buƙatar kunna injin don famfon ya ɗora mai a cikin tafkin.

Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

An yi amfani da tsarin Hydractive-2 akan samfuran Xantia waɗanda aka samar tun 1994. Bayan shekara guda, wannan gyaran dakatarwar ya bayyana a cikin Citroen XM.

III tsara

A cikin 2001, dakatarwar Hydractive hydropneumatic ya sami babban haɓakawa. An fara amfani dashi a cikin samfurin C5 na Faransa mai kera motoci. Daga cikin abubuwan sabuntawa akwai siffofi masu zuwa:

  1. Canza yanayin lantarki Yanzu tsarin taka birki ba ya cikin layin (waɗannan da'irorin suna da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, da bututu). Godiya ga wannan, tsarin dakatarwar ya zama dan sauki - babu buƙatar sarrafa matsa lamba a cikin tsarin biyu waɗanda suka bambanta da juna, ta amfani da matsi daban na ruwan aiki (don tsarin birki yayi aiki, babu buƙatar don babban matsin lamba ruwan sanyi).
  2. A cikin saitunan yanayin aiki, an cire zaɓi don saita saiti da hannu da hannu. Kowane ɗayan yanayin ana daidaita shi ta hanyar lantarki.
  3. Aikin kai tsaye yana saukar da izinin ƙasa ta 15mm dangane da daidaitaccen matsayi (wanda mai ƙira ya saita - a cikin kowane samfurin yana da nasa), idan motar tana saurin sauri fiye da kilomita 110 / awa. Lokacin raguwa zuwa saurin cikin kewayon 60-70 km / h, izinin ƙasa yana ƙaruwa da milimita 13-20 (dangane da ƙirar mota) dangane da ƙimar daidaitaccen.
Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

Don na'urar lantarki zata iya daidaita tsayin jiki daidai, sashin sarrafawa yana tattara sigina daga na'urori masu auna firikwensin da ke ƙayyade:

  • Gudun abin hawa;
  • Tsayin gaban jiki;
  • Tsawon jikin baya;
  • Allyari - sigina daga na'urori masu auna sigina na kwanciyar hankali, idan ya kasance a cikin takamaiman ƙirar mota.

Baya ga daidaitaccen ƙarni na uku a cikin tsararren C5 mai tsada, da kayan aikin C6 na asali, mai kera motoci yana amfani da sigar Hydractive3 + na dakatarwar hydropneumatic. Babban bambance-bambance tsakanin wannan zaɓi da daidaitaccen analog sune:

  1. Direba na iya zaɓar tsakanin halaye biyu na dakatarwa. Na farko yana da dadi. Ya fi taushi, amma yana iya canza ƙwarinsa na ɗan gajeren lokaci gwargwadon yanayin hanyar da ayyukan direban. Na biyu yana da kuzari. Waɗannan su ne saitunan dakatar da wasanni waɗanda ke nuna ƙarancin ƙarfi.
  2. Abubuwan da aka inganta na algorithms na zamani - lantarki sun fi ƙayyade mafi kyawun yarda. Don yin wannan, sashin sarrafawa yana karɓar sigina game da saurin jigilar kayayyaki na yanzu, matsayin jiki a gaba da baya, matsayin sitiyari, hanzari a cikin dogaye da ɓangaren giciye, ana ɗora abubuwa a kan abubuwan dakatarwa masu lahani (wannan yana ba da damar ku don ƙayyade ingancin farfajiyar hanya), da kuma matsayin maƙura (dalla-dalla game da abin da ake sintin bawul a cikin mota aka faɗa daban).

Gyara da farashin sassan

Kamar kowane tsarin da ke ba da iko na atomatik na sigogi daban-daban na motar, dakatarwar Hydractive hydropneumatic tana kashe kuɗi da yawa. Yana daidaita aiki da na'urorin lantarki da yawa, da hydraulics da pneumatics. Yawancin bawul da sauran hanyoyin, akan aikin da kwanciyar hankalin abin hawa yake dogaro, dukkanin raka'a ne waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawa, kuma a yayin faruwar su, gyare-gyare masu tsada.

Anan ga wasu farashin don gyaran hydropneumatic:

  • Sauya kayan aikin lantarki zaikai kimanin $ 30;
  • Mai canzawar taurin gaba yana canzawa kimanin 65 cu;
  • Don canza yanayin gaba, mai motar zai rabu da $ 10;
  • Sake sake juz'i mai amfani amma wanda ba'a matse shi ba yakai kimanin $ 20-30.

Haka kuma, waɗannan farashin ne kawai na wasu tashoshin sabis don aikin da kanta. Idan mukayi maganar farashin sassan, to wannan shima ba karamin dadi bane. Misali, ana iya siyan mai na arha mafi arha kusan $ 10. na lita daya, kuma yayin aiwatar da gyare-gyare ga tsarin, wannan abu yana buƙatar adadi mai kyau. Fanfon mai, ya danganta da nau'in gini da samfurin mota, zai ci kusan dala 85.

Mafi sau da yawa a cikin tsarin, matsalar aiki yakan bayyana a cikin fannoni, bututu masu matsin lamba, pamfuna, bawul da masu daidaitawa. Kudin sararin samaniya yana farawa daga $ 135, kuma idan baku siyan ɓangaren asali ba, ya ninka sau ɗaya da rabi.

Sau da yawa yawancin abubuwan dakatarwa suna shan wahala daga tasirin lalata, tunda ba'a kiyaye su da komai daga datti da danshi. Sassan kansu an wargaza ba tare da gagarumin ƙoƙari ba, amma komai yana da rikitarwa ta lalata da tafasasshen ƙusoshin goro da na goro. Saboda rashin samun dama ga wasu maƙalar, yawan kuɗin tarwatsa taron ana daidaita shi da farashin kayan aikin kanta.

Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

Sauya bututun wata matsala ce da ka iya fadawa kan mai motar. Layin da aka haɗa da famfon, wanda lalata ta lalata, ba za a iya cire shi ba tare da rarraba sauran abubuwan motar da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasan ba. Wannan bututun yana aiki a kusan kusan dukkanin motar, kuma don kar ya lalata ƙasa, an girka shi kusa da ƙasan yadda zai yiwu.

Tunda azaman sauran na'urori da sifofi suma basa kariya daga komai daga danshi da datti, wargaza su shima zaiyi wahala. Saboda wannan, a wasu tashoshin sabis, masu motoci dole su fitar da kusan $ 300 don maye gurbin bututu mai sauƙi.

Wasu abubuwanda aka tsara na tsarin gaba daya basa aiki don maye gurbinsu da sababbi. Misali na wannan shine dandamali, ko kayayyaki, waɗanda ke daidaita ƙwanƙolin hanyoyin damshi. Yawancin lokaci, a wannan yanayin, ana gyara abubuwan kawai.

Kafin siyan ababen hawa masu irin wannan dakatarwar, ya zama dole ayi la’akari da cewa lalacewar abu daya galibi ana samun rashi tare da gazawar wasu hanyoyin a lokaci daya, saboda haka mai mota zai biya kudi sosai don gyara da kula da irin wannan tsarin. Wannan gaskiyane yayin sayen motar da akayi amfani da ita. A cikin wannan jigilar, ɓangare ɗaya bayan ɗaya tabbas zai gaza. Hakanan, idan aka kwatanta da dakatarwar da aka saba, saboda yawan ɓangarorin da ke aiki a ƙarƙashin nauyi, wannan tsarin dole ne a sanya shi cikin ayyukan yau da kullun.

Fa'idodi na dakatarwar hydropneumatic

A ka'idar, amfani da gas a cikin dakatarwa azaman dakatarwa ya dace. Wannan tsari ba shi da rikici na cikin gida, gas din ba shi da "gajiya" kamar karfe a cikin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa ko maɓuɓɓugan ruwa, kuma rashin kuzarinsa kaɗan ne. Koyaya, wannan duk a ka'ida ce. Yawancin lokaci, ci gaban da yake a matakin zane yana buƙatar canje-canje yayin fassara shi zuwa gaskiya.

Matsalar farko da injiniyoyi ke fuskanta ita ce asarar ingancin dakatarwa yayin aiwatar da duk ayyukan da aka nuna akan takarda. Saboda wadannan dalilan, sigar dakatar da ruwa tana da fa'ida da rashin amfani.

Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

Na farko, yi la'akari da fa'idar irin wannan dakatarwar. Wadannan sun hada da:

  1. Smootharancin santsi na dampers. A wannan batun, na dogon lokaci, ƙirar da kamfanin Faransanci Citroen ya samar (karanta game da tarihin wannan alamar ta atomatik a nan), an dauke su a matsayin ma'auni.
  2. Ya fi sauƙi ga direba ya sarrafa abin hawansa a yayin kusurwa yayin tuki cikin sauri.
  3. Kayan lantarki suna iya daidaita yanayin dakatarwar zuwa salon tuki.
  4. Maƙerin ya ba da tabbacin cewa tsarin na iya yin tafiyar har zuwa kilomita dubu 250 (idan har an sayi sabuwar mota, ba wacce aka yi amfani da ita ba).
  5. A wasu samfuran, mai kera motoci ya tanada don daidaita hannun mutum game da matsayin jikinshi dangane da hanya. Amma koda yanayin atomatik yayi kyakkyawan aiki na aikinsa.
  6. A cikin tsarin jagoranci da na atomatik, tsarin yana da kyakkyawan aiki don daidaita yanayin aiki daidai da yanayin hanya.
  7. Ya dace da yawancin nau'ikan mahaɗin haɗin mahaɗi masu yawa, da kuma hanyoyin MacPherson da aka yi amfani da su a gaban motar.

Rashin dacewar dakatarwar hydropneumatic

Duk da cewa dakatarwar hydropneumatic tana iya cancanci canjin kaddarorinta, tana da babbar illa, wanda shine dalilin da yasa yawancin masu motoci basa la’akari da sayen motocin da irin wannan dakatarwar. Wadannan rashin amfani sun hada da:

  1. Don fahimtar matsakaicin tasirin aikin da aka zana a zane, masu ƙirar dole ne su yi amfani da kayan aiki na musamman, tare da gabatar da sabbin fasahohi cikin ƙirar motarsa.
  2. Yawancin adadi, kwandon shara da sauran abubuwan da ake buƙata don ingantaccen tsarin aiki a lokaci guda akwai yuwuwar yiwuwar ɓarkewa.
  3. A yayin lalacewa, gyara yana da alaƙa da wargaza abubuwan haɗin abin hawa kusa da shi, wanda a wasu lokuta yana da matuƙar wahalar aiwatarwa. Saboda wannan, kuna buƙatar neman ƙwararren masani na ainihi wanda zai iya yin duk aikin tare da inganci kuma bazai lalata inji ba.
  4. Dukan taron suna da tsada, kuma saboda yawan abubuwan haɗin, sau da yawa yakan buƙaci kulawa da gyara. Wannan gaskiyane ga motocin da aka siya akan kasuwa na biyu (don cikakkun bayanai kan abin da kuke buƙatar kulawa yayin siyan motar da kuka yi amfani da ita, karanta a cikin wani bita).
  5. Saboda lalacewar irin wannan dakatarwar, ba za a iya aiki da motar ba, tunda asarar matsi kai tsaye tana haifar da bacewar ayyukan lalatattu na tsarin, wanda ba za a iya faɗi game da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa da tsoffin mambobi ba - lokaci guda ba sa kasawa kwatsam .
  6. Tsarin ba koyaushe abin dogaro bane kamar yadda mai sarrafa kansa yake da tabbaci.
Na'urar da ka'idar aikin hydropneumatic dakatar Hydractive

Bayan da Citroen ya fara fuskantar matsaloli na ci gabanta, sai aka yanke shawarar canza wannan dakatarwar zuwa tsarin analog na zamani don samfuran ɓangaren kasafin kuɗi. Kodayake alama ba ta watsar da samar da tsarin gaba daya ba. Ana iya ganin nau'ikansa daban-daban akan manyan motocin wasu samfuran mota.

Wannan ci gaban kusan ba zai yiwu a samu a cikin motocin kera talakawa ba. Mafi sau da yawa, manyan motoci da alatu irin su Mercedes-Benz, Bentley da Rolls-Royce suna sanye da irin wannan dakatarwa. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, an sanya dakatarwar hydropneumatic zuwa Lexus LX570 alatu SUV.

Idan muka yi magana game da Citroen C5, wanda aka samar da sabon ƙarni na Hydractive, yanzu ana amfani da analog ɗin pneumatic kawai a cikin waɗannan motocin. An bayyana cikakken bayani game da yadda irin wannan dakatarwar take aiki, da yadda yake aiki a wani labarin... Kamfanin kera motoci na Faransa yayi wannan shawarar ne don rage farashin samarwa da siyar da sanannen samfurin.

Don haka, dakatarwar hydropneumatic yana baka damar canza tsayin motar, kazalika da taurin ramin raka'a. A matsayin madadin, wasu masana'antun suna amfani da gyare-gyare na dakatar da maganadisu don waɗannan dalilai. An bayyana su dalla-dalla a cikin wani bita.

A ƙarshe, muna ba da ɗan gajeren kwatancen bidiyo na wasu ƙirar ƙirar tasiri na dakatarwa, gami da nau'ikan hydropneumatic:

⚫ MAI IYA KWADAYI DA KOMAI! RATARWAR MOTA DA BA A saba ba.

2 sharhi

  • Erling Bush.

    Shin gaskiya ne cewa ci gaban tsarin dakatarwa na musamman na Citroën ya fara ne tare da darektan da ke buƙatar a samar da tsarin yadda za a iya jigilar shi / tuka shi a cikin filin daskararre ba tare da rasa akwatin sigarinsa ba? V h Erling Busch.

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