Twin Turbo tsarin
Yanayin atomatik,  Kayan abin hawa

Twin Turbo tsarin

Idan injin dizal an sanye shi da injin turbin ta tsohuwa, to injin mai zai iya yin komai ba tare da turbocharger ba. Koyaya, a cikin masana'antar kera motoci ta zamani, turbocharger na mota ba a ɗauke shi da yanayi na musamman (dalla-dalla game da wane irin inji ne da yadda yake aiki, an bayyana shi a wani labarin).

A cikin bayanin wasu sabbin motocin, an ambaci abu kamar biturbo ko twin turbo. Bari muyi la'akari da wane irin tsari ne, yadda yake aiki, yadda za'a iya haɗa masu damfara a ciki. A ƙarshen nazarin, zamu tattauna fa'idodi da rashin tagwayen turbo.

Menene Twin Turbo?

Bari mu fara da kalmomi. Maganar biturbo za ta kasance koyaushe cewa, na farko, wannan nau'in injin turbocharged ne, na biyu kuma, makircin allurar iska a cikin silinda zai haɗa da injin turbocharged guda biyu. Bambancin da ke tsakanin biturbo da twin-turbo shine cewa a yanayin farko ana amfani da injin turbin guda biyu daban-daban, na biyu kuma iri daya ne. Me ya sa - za mu gano shi kadan daga baya.

Burin cimma fifiko a tsere ya sa masu kera motoci neman hanyoyi don inganta aikin injiniya mai ƙone ciki ba tare da tsangwama ba game da ƙirar sa. Kuma mafi mahimmancin bayani shine gabatar da ƙarin iska mai hurawa, saboda abin da girman girma ya shiga cikin silinda, kuma ingancin naúrar ke ƙaruwa.

Twin Turbo tsarin

Waɗanda suka tuƙa mota da injin turbin aƙalla sau ɗaya a rayuwarsu sun lura cewa har sai injin ɗin ya tashi zuwa wani irin sauri, kuzarin irin wannan motar yana da rauni, don sanya shi a hankali. Amma da zaran turbo ya fara aiki, aikin injin yana ƙaruwa, kamar dai sinadarin nitrous ya shiga cikin silinda.

Rashin ingancin irin waɗannan abubuwan shigarwar ya sa injiniyoyi sunyi tunanin ƙirƙirar wani gyare-gyare na injin turbin. Da farko, dalilin waɗannan hanyoyin shine don kawar da wannan mummunan tasirin, wanda ya shafi ingancin tsarin cin abinci (karanta game da shi) a cikin wani bita).

Yawancin lokaci, an fara amfani da turbocharging don rage yawan amfani da mai, amma a lokaci guda ƙara ƙarfin injin ƙonewa na ciki. Shigarwa yana baka damar fadada zangon karfin juyi. Kyakkyawan injin turbin yana ƙara saurin saurin iska. Saboda wannan, girman da ya fi girma ya shiga cikin silinda fiye da na wanda ake so, kuma yawan mai ba ya canzawa.

Saboda wannan tsari, matsawa yana ƙaruwa, wanda shine ɗayan mahimman sifofin da suka shafi ikon mota (don yadda za'a auna shi, karanta a nan). Da shigewar lokaci, masu sha'awar yin gyaran mota ba su gamsu da kayan masana'antar ba, don haka kamfanonin kera motocin zamani suka fara amfani da hanyoyin daban-daban da ke shigar da iska cikin silinda. Godiya ga gabatarwar ƙarin tsarin matsin lamba, ƙwararrun masanan sun sami damar faɗaɗa damar injina.

Twin Turbo tsarin

A matsayin cigaban cigaban turbo don injina, tsarin Twin Turbo ya bayyana. Idan aka kwatanta da turbine na zamani, wannan shigarwar tana baka damar cire ko da ƙarin wuta daga injin ƙonewa na ciki, kuma don masu sha'awar kunna atomatik yana ba da ƙarin damar haɓaka motarsu.

Yaya twin turbo yake aiki?

Injiniyan da aka zaba na asali yana aiki bisa ka'idar zane a iska mai kyau ta hanyar wani wuri da piston yayi a cikin hanyar karbar abinci. Yayinda kwararar take tafiya a kan hanyar, karamin man fetur ya shiga ciki (idan akwai injin konewa na ciki), idan motar carburetor ce ko kuma ana saka mai ne saboda aikin injector (kara karantawa game da menene nau'ikan samar da mai da tilas).

Matsawa a cikin irin wannan motar kai tsaye ya dogara da sigogin haɗin sandunan, ƙarar silinda, da dai sauransu. Amma game da injin turbin na al'ada, yana aiki akan kwararar iskar gas, motsin sa yana ƙara iska mai shiga cikin silinda. Wannan yana kara ingancin injin, tunda ana fitar da karin kuzari yayin konewar iska da mai kuma karfin karfin ya karu.

Twin Turbo tsarin

Twin turbo yana aiki iri ɗaya. Kawai a cikin wannan tsarin an kawar da tasirin “tunani” na motar yayin da injin turbin ke juyawa. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar sanya ƙarin inji. Comparamin kwampreso yana haɓaka hanzarin injin turbin. Lokacin da direba ya danna matattarar gas, irin wannan motar tana saurin sauri, tunda injin yana kusa da abin da direban ya yi nan take.

Ya kamata a faɗi cewa hanyar na biyu a cikin wannan tsarin na iya samun ƙirar daban da ƙa'idar aiki. A cikin ingantaccen sigar, ƙaramar turbine ana zagaye dashi tare da rarar iskar gas mai ƙarancin ƙarfi, wanda ke ƙaruwa da saurin shigowa cikin ƙananan gudu, kuma injin konewa na ciki baya buƙatar a juya shi zuwa iyaka.

Irin wannan tsarin zaiyi aiki daidai da makirci mai zuwa. Lokacin da aka fara injin, yayin da motar ke tsaye, rukunin yana aiki cikin saurin rashin aiki. A cikin hanyar ɗaukar abinci, an kafa motsi na halitta na iska mai tsabta sabili da wuri a cikin silinda. Wannan aikin yana inganta ta ƙaramar turbin da zata fara juyawa a ƙananan rpm. Wannan rukunin yana ba da increasean ƙaruwa a cikin motsi.

Yayinda cpmshaft rpm ya tashi, shaye shayen yana kara karfi. A wannan lokacin, ƙaramin supercharger yana jujjuyawa kuma iskar sharar iska mai yawa ta fara shafar babban naúrar. Tare da ƙaruwa cikin saurin impeller, ƙarar iska mai yawa ta shiga cikin hanyar shiga saboda tsananin tursasawa.

Boostara ƙarfi biyu yana kawar da ƙazamar canjin ikon da ke cikin dizal na gargajiya. A matsakaiciyar gudu na injin konewa na ciki, lokacin da babban injin turbin ya fara juyawa, ƙaramin supercharger ya isa iyakar gudu. Lokacin da iska mai yawa ta shiga cikin silinda, sai matsewar sharar ta tashi, tana tuka babban supercharger. Wannan yanayin yana kawar da sanannen bambanci tsakanin karfin juzu'in saurin injin injiniya da haɗawar injin turbin.

Twin Turbo tsarin

Lokacin da injin konewa na ciki ya kai iyakar gudu, kwampreso kuma ya kai matakin iyaka. An tsara tsarin inganta abubuwa biyu domin hada babbar supercharger ta hana karamin takwaransa yin lodi daga yin lodi.

Kwamfuta mai kera motoci biyu yana ba da matsin lamba a cikin tsarin shan kayan abinci wanda ba za a iya cimma su ba tare da karin caji na al'ada. A cikin injina da keɓaɓɓiyar turbin, koyaushe akwai turbo lag (wani sanannen bambanci a cikin ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin wuta tsakanin kai wajan iyakar gudu da kunna turbine). Haɗa ƙaramin kwampreso yana kawar da wannan tasirin, yana samar da kuzarin motsi mai motsi.

A cikin tagwayen turbocharging, karfin juyi da iko (karanta game da banbanci tsakanin waɗannan ra'ayoyin a wani labarin) na naúrar wutar lantarki yana haɓaka a cikin kewayon rpm mafi girma fiye da na irin wannan motar tare da mai caji ɗaya.

Nau'in tsarin manyan caji tare da turbochargers guda biyu

Don haka, ka'idar aiki da turbochargers ta tabbatar da ingancinsu don kara karfin ikon sashin lafiya ba tare da canza fasalin injin din kanta ba. A saboda wannan dalili, injiniyoyi daga kamfanoni daban-daban sun haɓaka nau'ikan tagwayen turbo masu tasiri iri uku. Kowane irin tsarin za a tsara shi yadda yake, kuma zai kasance yana da ɗan bambanci ka'idar aiki.

A yau, ana shigar da nau'ikan tsarin turbocharging masu zuwa a cikin motoci:

  • Daidaici;
  • Daidaitawa;
  • Matakai.

Kowane nau'i ya bambanta a cikin haɗin haɗin masu busawa, girmansu, lokacin da kowannensu zai fara aiki, da halaye na aikin matsin lamba. Bari muyi la'akari da kowane nau'in tsarin daban.

Lissafi mai haɗa layi ɗaya

A mafi yawan lokuta, ana amfani da nau'in turbocharging mai kama da juna a cikin injina tare da fasalin fasalin silinda mai siffa V. Na'urar wannan tsarin shine kamar haka. Ana buƙatar turbin ɗaya don kowane ɓangaren silinda. Suna da girma ɗaya kuma suna tafiya daidai da juna.

Ana rarraba gas ɗin haya a ko'ina a cikin sharar sharar kuma zuwa kowane turbocharger a cikin adadi ɗaya. Waɗannan hanyoyin suna aiki iri ɗaya kamar yadda yake a yanayin injin in-line tare da injin turbin ɗaya. Bambanci kawai shine cewa wannan nau'in biturbo yana da masu busawa iri ɗaya iri ɗaya, amma iska daga kowannensu ba a rarrabuwa akan sassan, amma ana yin allura akai-akai a cikin babban yankin na tsarin cin abinci.

Twin Turbo tsarin

Idan muka kwatanta irin wannan makircin tare da tsarin turbine guda ɗaya a cikin rukunin wutar lantarki, to a wannan yanayin ƙirar tagwayen turbo ta ƙunshi ƙananan injin turbin biyu. Wannan yana buƙatar ƙarancin ƙarfi don juyawa masu ƙera su. A saboda wannan dalili, ana haɗa manyan gersan caji da sauri fiye da ɗaya daga cikin manyan injin turbin (ƙananan inertia).

Wannan tsari yana kawar da samuwar irin wannan matsalar ta turbo lag, wanda ke faruwa a kan injunan konewa na ciki na yau da kullun tare da supercharger daya.

Jerin jerin abubuwa

Jerin nau'ikan Biturbo suma suna ba da damar girka abubuwan busa iri biyu. Aikinsu ne kawai ya banbanta. Tsarin farko a cikin irin wannan tsarin zaiyi aiki dindindin. Na'urar ta biyu an haɗa ta ne kawai a cikin yanayin yanayin aikin injiniya (lokacin da kayanta suka ƙaru ko saurin crankshaft ya hau).

Ana ba da iko a cikin irin wannan tsarin ta lantarki ko bawul waɗanda ke amsawa ga matsi na rafin wucewa. ECU, daidai da tsarin algorithms da aka tsara, yana yanke shawara a wane lokaci don haɗa kwampreso na biyu. Ana bayar da tarko ba tare da kunna injin mutum ba (injin ɗin har yanzu yana aiki ne kawai akan matsin lambar iskar gas). Unitungiyar sarrafawa tana kunna masu aiki na tsarin da ke sarrafa motsi na iskar gas. Saboda wannan, ana amfani da bawul na lantarki (a cikin tsarin da ya fi sauƙi, waɗannan su ne bawul ɗin talakawa waɗanda ke amsawa ga ƙarfin zahiri na gudanawar gudana), wanda ke buɗe / kusa da isa ga mai hura na biyu.

Twin Turbo tsarin
A gefen hagu, ana nuna ka'idar aiki a ƙananan sauri da matsakaicin injin; A hannun dama - makirci a cikin sauri sama da matsakaici.

Lokacin da ƙungiyar sarrafawa ta buɗe cikakkiyar damar zuwa impeller na kayan aiki na biyu, duk na'urorin suna aiki a layi ɗaya. Saboda wannan dalili, ana kiran wannan gyare-gyaren serial-layi daya. Aikin masu busawa biyu yana ba da damar shirya ƙarin matsin lamba na iska mai shigowa, tun da masu shigar da kayan suna da alaƙa da layin shiga ɗaya.

A wannan yanayin, ana sanya ƙananan kwampreso fiye da tsarin al'ada. Wannan kuma yana rage tasirin tasirin turbo kuma yana samar da matsakaicin ƙarfin karfin wuta a saurin injin injina.

Ana sanya irin wannan biturbo akan dizal da na wutar lantarki. Tsarin tsarin yana ba ku damar shigar ba ma biyu ba, amma compressors uku da aka haɗa cikin jerin junansu. Misalin irin wannan canjin shine haɓaka BMW (Triple Turbo), wanda aka gabatar a cikin 2011.

Mataki na makirci

Ana ɗaukar tsarin jujjuyawar jujjuyawar sifa mafi girman nau'in turbocharging na tagwaye. Duk da cewa ya wanzu tun 2004, nau'in supercharging na matakai biyu ya tabbatar da ingancinsa mafi fasaha. An sanya wannan Twin Turbo akan wasu nau'ikan injunan diesel da Opel ya haɓaka. Borg Wagner Turbo Sistems takwaransa supercharger ya dace da wasu BMW da Cummins injunan ƙonewa na ciki.

Makircin turbocharger ya kunshi manya manyan masu caji biyu. An shigar da su bi da bi. Gudanar da iskar gas mai ƙarewa ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar lantarki-bawul, wanda aikinsa ke sarrafa shi ta hanyar lantarki (akwai kuma bawul ɗin inji waɗanda matsin lamba ke motsa su). Allyari, ana amfani da tsarin tare da bawul waɗanda ke canza canjin kwararar ruwa. Wannan zai ba da damar kunna injin turbin na biyu, kuma a kashe na farko, don kar ya gaza.

Tsarin yana da ƙa'idar aiki ta gaba. An shigar da bawul na wucewa a cikin sharar iska da yawa, wanda yake yanke magudanar daga tiyo zuwa babban injin turbin. Lokacin da injin ke aiki a ƙaramar rpm, ana rufe wannan reshe. A sakamakon haka, shaye-shayen ya ratsa ta cikin karamin injin turbin. Saboda mafi karancin rashin kuzari, wannan inji yana samar da ƙarin iska har ma a ƙananan kayan ICE.

Twin Turbo tsarin
1. sanyaya iska mai shigowa; 2.Bypass (bawul kewaye da bawul); 3.Turbocharger babban matsin lokaci; 4.Low matsa lamba lokaci turbocharger; 5. Kewaya bawul na shaye tsarin.

Sa'annan gudan yana motsawa ta cikin babban abin da ke haifar da injin turbin. Tunda sandunan wukanta sun fara juyawa zuwa matsin lamba har sai motar ta kai matsakaiciyar gudu, na biyu inji ya kasance mara motsi.

Hakanan akwai bawul na kewayewa a cikin hanyar shan abincin. A ƙananan gudu, an rufe shi, kuma iska tana gudana kusan ba tare da allura ba. Yayin da direba ya tayar da injin, ƙaramin turbin yana juyawa da ƙarfi, yana ƙara matsin lamba a cikin hanyar shan abincin. Wannan kuma yana kara karfin iska. Yayin da matsin lamba a cikin layin ya ƙare ya yi ƙarfi, to sai a buɗe ɗan ɓoyayyen dutsen, don haka ƙaramin turbin ya ci gaba da juyawa, kuma wasu daga cikin magudanar ana fuskantar da su zuwa babban abun hura.

A hankali, babban abun hura abun yana fara juyawa. Yayin da saurin crankshaft ya tashi, wannan aikin yana ƙaruwa, wanda ya sa bawul ɗin ya buɗe kuma kwampreso yana juyawa zuwa mafi girma.

Lokacin da injin konewa na ciki ya kai matsakaiciyar gudu, karamin injin turbine ya riga ya fara aiki a kalla, kuma babban supercharger ya fara juyawa, amma bai kai iyakar sa ba. Yayin aikin matakin farko, iskar gas ɗin da ke sharar iska tana ratsawa ta hanyar ɓarkewar ƙaramar inji (yayin da ruwan wukanta yake juyawa a cikin tsarin shan abinci), kuma ana cire su zuwa ga mai samar da kayan ta hanyar sandunan babban kwampreson. A wannan matakin, iska tana tsotsewa ta cikin impeller na babban kwampreso kuma ya ratsa ta cikin ƙaramin kayan juyawa.

A ƙarshen matakin farko, an buɗe maɓuɓɓugar ɓarnar kuma an riga an miƙa ragowar sharar zuwa babban mai haɓakawa. Wannan tsarin yana kara karfi sosai. An daidaita tsarin kewaya don ƙaramar busawa an kashe ta gaba ɗaya a wannan matakin. Dalilin shi ne cewa lokacin da matsakaiciya da matsakaicin saurin babban turbine ya isa, yana haifar da irin wannan ƙarfin mai ƙarfi wanda matakin farko kawai zai hana shi shiga silindawan da kyau.

Twin Turbo tsarin

A mataki na biyu na matsin lamba, iskar gas ɗin da ke sharar iska ta wuce ta ƙaramar impeller, kuma ana shigo da gudummawar shigowa kusa da ƙaramar hanyar - kai tsaye cikin silinda. Godiya ga wannan tsarin, masu kera motoci sunyi nasarar kawar da babban bambanci tsakanin babban juzu'i a mafi ƙarancin rpm da iyakar ƙarfi lokacin da suka isa iyakar saurin crankshaft. Wannan tasirin ya kasance aboki ne na kowane injin din diesel na yau da kullun.

Ribobi da fursunoni na turbocharging biyu

Da wuya ake sanya Biturbo akan injunan ƙananan ƙarfi. Asali, wannan shine kayan aikin da aka dogara dasu don injuna masu ƙarfi. Sai kawai a cikin wannan yanayin yana yiwuwa a ɗauki mafi ƙarancin siginar mai nuna ƙarfi a tuni. Hakanan, ƙananan matakan injunan ƙonewa na ciki ba cikas ba ne ga haɓaka ƙarfin sashin wuta. Godiya ga tagwayen turbocharging, ana samun ingantaccen tattalin arzikin mai idan aka kwatanta shi da takwaransa na ɗabi'a, wanda ke haɓaka ƙarfi iri ɗaya.

A gefe guda, akwai fa'ida daga kayan aikin da ke daidaita manyan ayyuka ko haɓaka ƙwarewar su. Amma a gefe guda, irin waɗannan hanyoyin ba tare da ƙarin lahani ba. Kuma tagwayen turbocharging ba banda bane. Irin wannan tsarin ba kawai yana da fannoni masu kyau ba ne kawai, har ma da wasu matsaloli masu tsanani, saboda abin da wasu masu motocin ke ƙi siyan irin waɗannan motoci.

Da farko, la'akari da fa'idar tsarin:

  1. Babban fa'idar tsarin shine kawar da lagon turbo, wanda yake na al'ada ne ga dukkan injunan ƙone-ƙone na ciki waɗanda aka kera da injin turbin na al'ada;
  2. Injin ya sauya yanayin wuta cikin sauki;
  3. Bambanci tsakanin matsakaicin karfin juyi da iko an ragu sosai, tunda ta hanyar kara karfin iska a cikin tsarin cin abinci, mafi yawan sabbin sabobin suna kasancewa a kan fadi da saurin injin din;
  4.  Rage amfani da mai da ake buƙata don cimma matsakaicin ƙarfi;
  5. Tunda ana samun ƙarin kuzarin mota a ƙananan saurin injin, direba ba dole ne ya juya shi sosai ba;
  6. Ta hanyar rage kaya a kan injin konewa na ciki, lalacewar man shafawa ya ragu, kuma tsarin sanyaya ba ya aiki a cikin yanayin haɓaka;
  7. Ba a fitar da iskar gas mai ƙarewa cikin yanayi kawai, amma ana amfani da kuzarin wannan aikin tare da fa'ida.
Twin Turbo tsarin

Yanzu bari mu kula da mahimman abubuwan rashin tagwayen turbo:

  • Babban hasara shine ƙwarewar ƙirar tsarin ci da shaye-shaye. Wannan gaskiya ne ga sabon tsarin gyare-gyare;
  • Hakan iri ɗaya yana shafar farashi da kiyaye tsarin - mafi ƙarancin tsarin, ƙimar gyara da daidaita shi ya fi tsada;
  • Wani rashin amfani kuma yana da alaƙa da mahimmancin tsarin tsarin. Tunda sun kunshi adadi mai yawa na ƙarin sassa, akwai ƙarin nodes waɗanda raunin zai iya faruwa.

Na dabam, ya kamata a ambaci yanayin yanayi na yankin da ake aiki da injin turbocharged. Tunda mai yin juzu'i na supercharger wani lokaci yakan tashi sama da dubu 10 rpm, yana buƙatar mai mai inganci mai kyau. Lokacin da aka bar motar a cikin dare, maiko zai shiga cikin ramin, don haka yawancin sassan naúrar, gami da injin turbin, sun bushe.

Idan kun fara injin da safe kuna aiki da shi tare da kaya masu kyau ba tare da dumamar yanayi na farko ba, zaku iya kashe babban mai caji. Dalilin shi ne cewa ɓarkewar bushewa tana hanzarta lalacewar ɓangaren shafawa. Don kawar da wannan matsalar, kafin kawo injin ɗin zuwa babban garambawul, kuna buƙatar jira kaɗan yayin da ake ɗora mai a cikin dukkan tsarin kuma ya isa mafi nodes.

A lokacin rani ba lallai ne ku ɓatar da lokaci mai yawa akan wannan ba. A wannan yanayin, man da ke cikin ramin yana da isasshen ruwa don famfunan na iya ɗora shi da sauri. Amma a cikin hunturu, musamman a cikin tsananin sanyi, ba za'a iya watsi da wannan lamarin ba. Zai fi kyau a kashe aan mintuna don dumama tsarin fiye da, bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci, zubar da adadin da zai sayi sabon injin turbin. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a ambata cewa saboda yawan tuntuɓar mai da iskar gas, mai motsa abubuwan hurawar zai iya zafin har zuwa digiri dubu.

Twin Turbo tsarin

Idan injin ɗin bai sami man shafawa mai dacewa ba, wanda a layi daya yake aikin sanyaya na'urar, ɓangarorinsa zasu shafawa juna bushe. Rashin fim ɗin mai zai haifar da ƙaruwa sosai a cikin zafin jiki na sassan, yana ba su faɗaɗawar zafin jiki, kuma sakamakon haka, saurin sawarsu.

Don tabbatar da abin dogaro na tagwayen turbocharger, bi irin hanyoyin da ake yi wa na turbocharger na al'ada. Na farko, ya zama dole a canza mai a kan lokaci, wanda ake amfani da shi ba kawai don shafawa ba, har ma don sanyaya turbines (game da yadda ake sauya man shafawa, gidan yanar gizon mu na da raba labarin).

Abu na biyu, tun da masu sanya abin hura wutar suna cikin ma'amala kai tsaye da iskar gas, to dole ne ingancin mai ya yi yawa. Godiya ga wannan, ajiyar carbon ba za ta tara akan ruwan wukake ba, wanda ke tsangwama tare da juyawar kyauta na impeller.

A ƙarshe, muna ba da ɗan gajeren bidiyo game da sauye-sauyen turbine daban-daban da bambancinsu:

Semyon zai gaya muku! Tagwaye TURBO ko babba guda? 4 turbin a kowace mota? Sabuwar kakar fasaha!

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Menene mafi kyau bi-turbo ko twin-turbo? Waɗannan tsarin injin turbocharging ne. A cikin injina tare da biturbo, turbo lag yana santsi kuma ana daidaita haɓakar haɓakawa. A cikin tsarin tagwaye-turbo, waɗannan abubuwan ba sa canzawa, amma aikin injin konewa na ciki yana ƙaruwa.

Menene bambanci tsakanin bi-turbo da twin-turbo? Biturbo tsarin injin turbine ne mai haɗe-haɗe. Godiya ga haɗawar su ta jere, an kawar da ramin turbo yayin haɓakawa. Twin turbo shine kawai turbines guda biyu don haɓaka ƙarfi.

Me yasa kuke buƙatar turbo tagwaye? Turbines guda biyu suna ba da ƙarar iska mai girma a cikin silinda. Saboda wannan, ana haɓaka haɓakawa yayin konewar BTC - ƙarin iska yana matsawa a cikin silinda guda ɗaya.

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