Blue hayaki daga shaye shaye

Lokacin da motar ke gudana, ana fitar da kayayyakin konewa daga shaye shaye, wadanda suka wuce matakin dusashewar sauti da kuma tsakaita abubuwa masu cutarwa. Wannan aikin koyaushe yana tare da samuwar hayaƙi. Musamman idan injin din har yanzu yana da sanyi, kuma yanayin yana da danshi ko kuma yana da sanyi a waje, to hayakin zai fi kauri, tunda yana dauke da sinadarai masu yawa (daga ina ya fito, inji shi a nan).

Koyaya, sau da yawa sharar ba hayaƙi kawai take ba, amma tana da wani inuwa, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don ƙayyade yanayin injin ɗin. Yi la'akari da dalilin da yasa hayaƙin hayaƙi shuɗi ne.

Me yasa yake shan hayakin shudi daga bututun shaye shayen

Dalilin da ya sa hayaki ke da ɗan fari shi ne saboda man injin yana ƙone a cikin silinda. Sau da yawa wannan matsalar tana tare da rakiyar aikin injin, alal misali, yana fara aiki, ana buƙatar ƙara mai koyaushe, rashin aiki naúrar ba zai yiwu ba tare da cika gas, fara injin a cikin yanayin sanyi (galibi man dizel na fama da irin wannan matsalar) yana da matukar wahala, da dai sauransu.

Zaka iya amfani da gwaji mai sauƙi don tantance ko mai ya shiga cikin abin rufe fuska. Mun fara injin, ɗauki takaddar takarda mu maye gurbin ta da sharar. Idan bututun ya fitar da digon mai, aibobi masu maiko zasu bayyana akan takardar. Sakamakon wannan binciken yana nuna babbar matsala wacce ba za a iya watsi da ita ba.

In ba haka ba, dole a yi gyare-gyare masu tsada. Baya ga babban birni na injin, za a canza babban mai canzawar ba da daɗewa ba. Dalilin da ya sa ba za a bar man shafawa da mai da ba a ƙone su shiga wannan abun ba, an bayyana shi a ciki raba bita.

Yawancin lokaci, tsohuwar inji, wacce ke gab da yin babban garambawul, za ta yi hayaki da hayaƙi mai kaushi. Wannan shi ne saboda yawan samarwa a kan ɓangarorin ƙungiyar silinda-piston (alal misali, sanya O-ring). A lokaci guda, matsawa a cikin injin konewa na ciki yana raguwa, kuma ƙarfin naúrar shima yana raguwa, saboda hakan hanzarin sufuri ya zama mai rauni sosai.

Amma ba sabon abu bane hayakin shudi ya bayyana daga bututun shaye shaye da wasu sabbin motoci. Wannan galibi ana lura dashi yayin ɗumi a lokacin sanyi. Lokacin da injin ya yi zafi, tasirinsa zai shuɗe. Wannan na iya faruwa yayin da mai mota ya yi amfani da mai na roba, kuma an nuna semi-roba ko ruwan ma'adinai gaba ɗaya a cikin umarnin aikin motar (karanta game da banbanci tsakanin waɗannan kayan a nan).

Wannan yana faruwa yayin da mai mai ruwa a cikin injin sanyi ya ratsa cikin zoben matsewa cikin ramin silinda. Lokacin da mai (ko dizal) ya ƙone, abu ya ɗan ƙone, kuma sauran zasu tashi zuwa sharar da yawa. Yayinda injin konewa na ciki yayi dumi, sassanta suna fadada kadan daga zafin jiki, ta dalilin hakan ne aka kawar da wannan gibi, kuma hayakin ya bace.

Abubuwan masu zuwa suna shafar hayaƙin abun cikin motar:

• Yaya zafi yake cikin injin konewa na ciki (karanta game da zafin jikin aiki na injin a ciki wani labarin; game da tsarin yanayin zafin jikin injin dizal, karanta a nan);
• Shin man injina ya cika ƙa'idodin masana'antun ICE;
• Adadin juyi na crankshaft yayin dumi da tuki;
• Yanayin da ake aiki da motar (alal misali, a lokacin damshi da sanyi, siffofin sandaro a tsarin shaye shaye, wanda za a iya cire shi ta hanzarin tuki a babbar hanya a tsayayyar rpm).

Mafi yawancin lokuta, ana iya ganin alamun farko na matsaloli tare da injin da mai shiga cikin silinda tare da hayaki mai yawa (kaka da hunturu) yayin da motar ke ɗumi. Duba matakin mai a kai a kai a kai zai taimaka wajen tantance cewa injin din ya fara shan maiko kuma yana buƙatar sake cika shi.

Baya ga shuɗi a cikin shaye-shayen, abubuwan masu zuwa na iya nuna kasancewar mai a cikin silinda:

1. Unitungiyar wutar lantarki ta fara ninki uku;
2. Injin ya fara cinye mai mai mai yawa (a cikin al'amuran ci gaba, wannan adadi na iya ƙaruwa zuwa 1000 ml / 100 km);
3. Hannun ajiya na halayyar halayya sun bayyana akan abubuwan toshe-ƙyallen wuta (don ƙarin bayani game da wannan tasirin, duba wani bita);
4. Cikakken bututun ruwa, wanda ba a fesa man dizal a cikin dakin, amma yana zuba a ciki;
5. Matsawa ya faɗi (game da menene, da yadda za a auna shi, karanta a nan) ko dai a cikin dukkanin silinda, saboda a ɗayansu;
6. A lokacin sanyi, injin ya fara farawa mafi muni, har ma da turke yayin aiki (galibi ana lura da shi a cikin injunan dizal, tunda a yanayin su ingancin ƙone mai ya dogara da matsi);
7. A wasu lokuta, tana jin warin hayaki wanda ya shiga sashin fasinjoji (domin dumama ciki, murhun na ɗaukar iska daga sashin injin, inda hayaƙi zai iya shiga idan motar tana tsaye kuma iska tana busawa a kan titi daga baya).

Yadda mai ke shiga silinda

Mai zai iya shiga silinda ta:

• Cushe matsawa da zobban man shafawa mai ɗorawa akan pistons;
• Ta hanyar gibin da ke kunno kai a cikin rigar jagorar bawul din, haka nan kuma saboda sanya hatimin rufin bawul din (hatimin man bawul);
• Idan na’urar tana dauke da turbocharger, to aiki mara kyau na wannan aikin na iya haifar da shigowar mai zuwa bangaren zafin sharar.

Me yasa mai ke shiga cikin silinda

Don haka, mai na iya shiga cikin tsarin shaye-shaye mai zafi ko silinda na injina tare da ayyuka masu zuwa:

1. Hatimin man bawul ya tsufa (don ƙarin bayani game da maye gurbin wannan ɓangaren, duba a nan);
2. Tightarfin bawul din (ɗaya ko fiye) ya karye;
3. Yankuna sun samo asali daga cikin silinda;
4. Makale fistan ringi ko karyewar wasunsu;
5. Geometry na silinda (s) ya karye.

Lokacin da bawul din ya ƙone, nan da nan ya zama sananne - motar ba ta da kuzari. Ofayan alamun alamun da aka ƙone ya zama raguwar matsewa cikin matsewa. Bari muyi la'akari da waɗannan matsalolin a ƙasa.

Saka bawul kara hatimin

Alamomin mai bawul dole ne su zama masu sassauƙa. An girke su akan ƙwanan bawul din don cire man shafawa daga ƙusoshin bawul din don hana lalacewa. Idan wannan sashin ya zama mai tsauri, yana matse jijiyar da muni, yana haifar da wasu maiko shiga cikin kogon mashiga ko mafita.

Lokacin da direba ya yi amfani da birki ko kuma ya fara motar ta bakin tekun, ta katako ko kuma ya fashe, karin mai ya shiga cikin silinda ko kuma ya kasance a bangon shagon da yawa. Da zaran zafin jiki a cikin ramin ya tashi, maiko zai fara hayaki, yana yin hayaki tare da inuwa ta hali.

Laifi a cikin yanayin silinda

Wannan na iya faruwa yayin da tarkace, kamar su yashi da iska, suka shiga cikin silinda idan matatar iska ta tsage. Ya faru cewa yayin sauyawa ko bincika abubuwan toshe-ƙyallen, mai motar ba daidai bane, kuma datti daga sararin samaniya na kusa-kusa ya shiga cikin toshewar wutar da kyau.

A yayin aiki, ana samun abubuwan ƙarancin abrasive na ƙasashen waje tsakanin zoben fistan da bangon silinda. Saboda tasirin inji mai karfi, gilashin saman ya birkita, tsagi ko tsagi a kansa.

Wannan yana haifar da take hakkin matattarar piston da silinda, saboda abin da keɓaɓɓen mai bai isa ba, kuma man shafawa ya fara bayyana a cikin ramin aiki.

Wani dalili na bayyanar barbashin abrasive a cikin silinda shine mai ƙarancin inganci. Wasu masu ababen hawa suna yin biris da ƙa'idoji don canza man shafawa, kuma da shi matatar mai. A saboda wannan dalili, manyan sinadaran karafa suna taruwa a cikin muhalli (suna bayyana ne sakamakon raguwa a wasu bangarorin na bangaren), kuma a hankali ya toshe matatar, wanda zai iya haifar da fashewarta.

Lokacin da motar ke tsaye na dogon lokaci, kuma injinta baya farawa lokaci-lokaci, tsatsa na iya bayyana akan zoben. Da zaran injin ya fara, wannan allo yana zana bangon Silinda.

Wani dalili kuma na keta madubin silinda shi ne amfani da kayan gyara masu inganci a yayin gyara injina. Wadannan na iya zama zobba masu arha ko piston nakasa.

Canza yanayin lissafin silinda

Yayin aiki naúrar wutar lantarki, lissafin silinda a hankali yana canzawa. Tabbas, wannan aiki ne mai tsayi, sabili da haka yana da mahimmanci ga injina da ke da nisan miloli masu yawa, da waɗanda tuni sun kusanci babban garambawul.

Don ƙayyade wannan matsalar, ana buƙatar ɗaukar motar zuwa tashar sabis. Ana yin aikin a kan kayan aiki na musamman, don haka ba za a iya aiwatar da shi a gida ba.

Faruwar zobba

Matsawa da zoben goge mai an yi su da manyan diamita fiye da pistons. Suna da tsagewa a gefe ɗaya wanda ke ba da damar murɗa zobe yayin girkawa. Bayan lokaci, lokacin amfani da mai mai ko mai da kuma samuwar abubuwan ajiyar carbon, zoben yana manne da tsagi na piston, wanda ke haifar da zubewar ƙungiyar silinda-piston.

Hakanan, samuwar abubuwan ajiyar carbon akan zobba yana rikitar da cire zafi daga bangon silinda. Sau da yawa a wannan yanayin, hayaƙi mai ƙanƙani yana samuwa lokacin da abin hawa ke hanzari. Wannan matsalar tana tare da raguwar matsewa, kuma tare da ita motsin motar.

Wani dalili kuma na bayyanar hayaki mai tokarewa daga shaye shaye shine rashin aiki a cikin iska. Iskar gas, wanda ke da matsi mai girma, yana neman inda za shi kuma yana haifar da matsin lamba na mai, wanda zai fara matsewa tsakanin zoben piston. Don gyara wannan matsalar, ya kamata ka bincika mai raba mai wanda ke saman injin (a cikin tsofaffin motocin gargajiya) a ƙarƙashin wuyan mai mai.

Abubuwan da ba a sani ba na hayaƙin shuɗi

Baya ga ayyukan da aka lissafa, samuwar shuɗin hayaƙi na iya faruwa a cikin yanayi mafi mahimmanci, yanayi mara daidaituwa. Ga wasu daga cikinsu:

1. Sabuwar motar ta fara hayaki. Ainihin, irin wannan sakamako yana bayyana yayin da injin konewa na ciki ke ɗumi. Babban dalili shine sassan da basu shafawa juna ba. Lokacin da motar ta kai matakin zafin jiki na aiki, sai rata ta ɓace tsakanin abubuwan, kuma rukunin ya daina shan sigari.
2. Idan an sanye ta da injin turbocharger, man na iya shan taba koda kuwa kungiyar silinda-piston da bawul din suna cikin tsari mai kyau. Jigon kansa yana aiki saboda tasirin iskar gas a kan tukunyar sa. A lokaci guda, abubuwan da ke cikinta a hankali suna zafafa su da zafin sharar barin silinda, wanda a wasu lokuta ya wuce digiri 1000. Sannu a hankali da ɗaukar hatimi da hatimi a hankali sun daina riƙe man da aka kawo don shafawa, daga inda wasu daga ciki suke shiga shago da yawa, inda yake fara shan sigari da ƙonewa. Ana gano irin wannan matsalar ta hanyar rarraba na'uran injin, bayan haka sai a duba yanayin motarsa ​​da ramin da ke kusa da hatimin. Idan alamun man suna bayyane akan su, to dole ne a maye gurbin abubuwan maye gurbinsu da sababbi.

Anan akwai wasu mawuyacin abubuwan da ke haifar da mai shiga silinda ko bututun shaye shaye:

• Sakamakon yawan fashewar motar, zobba ko gadoji a kan piston sun karye;
• Lokacin da ƙungiyar ta yi zafi sosai, lissafin siket ɗin piston na iya canzawa, wanda ke haifar da haɓaka cikin rata, wanda ba a kawar da shi ta fim ɗin mai;
• Sakamakon guduma na ruwa (game da menene, da yadda za a kiyaye motar daga irin wannan matsalar, karanta a ciki wani bita) sandar haɗawa zata iya zama mara kyau. Irin wannan matsalar na iya bayyana yayin da belin lokaci ya tsage (a cikin wasu injina, bel da aka yage baya kaiwa ga tuntuɓar tsakanin piston da buɗe bawul);
• Wasu masu motoci da gangan suna amfani da mayuka masu ƙarancin inganci, suna tunanin cewa duk samfura iri ɗaya ne. A sakamakon haka - ajiyar carbon akan zobba da faruwar su;
• Hearancin zafi akan injin ko wasu abubuwansa na iya haifar da ƙone-ƙone na cakuda mai-iska (wannan yakan haifar da fashewa) ko haske mai haske. A sakamakon haka - yin birgima na piston ringi, kuma wani lokacin ma wani dunƙulelliyar motar.

Yawancin alamun da aka lissafa suna da alaƙa da maganganun ci gaba. Ainihin, matsalar tana faruwa a cikin silinda ɗaya, amma baƙon abu bane ga matsalar ta bayyana a cikin "masu kwano" da yawa. A farkon canje-canje a cikin launi na shaye-shaye, yana da kyau a bincika matsawa na injin konewa na ciki da yanayin kyandirorin.

binciken

Jerin manyan dalilai na bayyanar sharar hayaki daga bututun bashi da tsawo. Ainihin, waɗannan alamun bawul ne, zoben da aka sawa ko, a cikin lamarin da ba a kula da shi ba, silinda da aka daɗe. An ba da izinin hawa irin waɗannan motocin, amma wannan yana cikin haɗarinku da haɗarinku. Dalili na farko shine cewa hayaƙin shuɗi yana nuna amfani da mai - zai buƙaci ɗora shi sama. Dalili na biyu shine cewa hawa kan lahani mara kyau yana haifar da yawan sanya wasu sassanta.

Sakamakon wannan aikin zai kasance yawan amfani da mai, raguwar tasirin motar, kuma, sakamakon haka, lalacewar kowane ɓangaren naúrar. Zai fi kyau a hanzarta zuwa bincikowa yayin da hayaki mai halayya ya bayyana, don haka daga baya kada ku ɓarnatar da kuɗi mai yawa akan gyara na gaba.

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Me za a yi idan hayaƙin shuɗi ya fito daga bututun shaye-shaye? A cikin sababbin motoci ko bayan wani babban canji na injin konewa na ciki, kuna buƙatar jira kaɗan har sai sassan sun lalace. A wasu lokuta, dole ne ku je don gyarawa, tun da wannan alama ce ta rashin aiki na injin konewa na ciki.

Me yasa motar tana da hayaƙin shuɗi? Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ban da mai, mai kuma yana shiga cikin silinda. Yawanci, man yana ƙone kusan kashi 0.2% na yawan man da ake amfani da shi. Idan sharar ta karu zuwa 1%, wannan yana nuna rashin aiki na mota.