Sedan - waɗanne irin motoci ne su da irin nau'ikan su

Bayan ya tashi ya sayi motar sa, abu na farko da mai ababen hawa ke kulawa da shi shi ne yanayin jikin. Babu shakka, ya kamata motar ta "ta da sha'awar a tsakanin duk abokai," amma fifiko na farko an ba da wasiƙar manufar motar, maimakon girmamawa ga salon. Wataƙila wannan shine dalilin da ya sa yan kasuwa masu zaman kansu ke zaɓar mai ɗorewa. Kodayake bayyanannun layukan wannan ma'anar a yanzu suna da daci sosai, manyan fasalulluka suna nan. Wadanne ne - wannan labarin zai fada. 

A cikin rikicewar da ta bayyana a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, yana da matukar wahala a gano wane nau'in jikin wannan ko wancan samfurin ɗin ne. Kuma don kar a kuskure da zaɓin, mai shi nan gaba ya kamata ya san kansa da cikakken bayanin da ke ba da haske kan tasirin fasalin motar a kan sifofin ta na zahiri, kuma a sakamakon - kan yuwuwar.

Tun daga farkon shigowarsa cikin kasuwar kera motoci, sedan ya kasance samfurin da ake buƙata a duk faɗin duniya, kodayake mabukacin Turai yana da nasa abubuwan da yake so. Ba za mu nace cewa wannan shine mafi kyawun zabi ba, tunda irin wannan bayanin ba daidai bane dangane da yawancin masana'antun kayan alatu, wasanni ko ƙananan motoci.

Yawancin tallace-tallace na motocin dillalai na faruwa a Rasha da ƙasashen tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet. Kuma kamar yadda ƙididdigar shekarar 2019 ta nuna, motar sedla ta 3 ta zama mafi kyawun sigar motar lantarki ta duniya. Tarihin wannan jikin yana magana ne game da hawa da ƙasa, duk da haka, har yanzu yana sarrafawa don kasancewa a matakan mafi girma na ƙimar.

Ma'anar ita ce, a bayyane, a aikace, amma menene ta ƙunsa kuma menene banbanci daga jikin shimfidar kafa - bari mu bincika sosai.

Menene sedan

A cikin sigar gargajiya, jikin sedan yana da juzu'i na gani uku, ma'ana, an raba shi zuwa yankuna uku da aka ayyana a fili: murfin injin, ciki na direba da fasinjoji, da akwati daban don kaya. Babban fa'idodin abin hawa irin wannan sun haɗa da:

• mafi ƙarancin haske kuma a lokaci guda mai kyan gani, musamman a launi mai launi;

• yanayi mai kyau a cikin salon don manya huɗu;

• keɓancewar dangi daga karar mota;

• saurin dumi a cikin fasinjan fasinja saboda rabuwa da akwati;

• rashin ƙanshin waje daga sashin kaya.

Da farko, an sanya jikin dutsen da aka shimfiɗa tare da rufin faɗi tare da tsawon tsawon gidan da kuma ginshiƙan B mai ba da kariya ta ƙofar baya daga karkatarwa. Tsawon akwati na farko na sedans (a cikin lokacin daga 50s zuwa 80s na karni na ashirin) bai bambanta da girman murfin ba, a cikin samfuran zamani sashin kayan an ɗan gajarta shi. 

Kodayake motocin Amurka, waɗanda suka zama labari, har yanzu suna da ban mamaki:

Sedans motoci ne masu ƙofa huɗu tare da layuka biyu na kujeru. Na biyun, idan ana so kuma "girman girman", na iya ɗaukar manya uku ko, a madadin, manya biyu da yaro. A halin yanzu, zaku iya samun kofofi kofa shida a cikin jiki mai tsayi, waɗanda ake kira "limousines". 

Tarihin jikin Sedan

Ta yaya sunan samfurin da kansa ya bayyana - babu wanda zai tuna da shi. Ofaya daga cikin sigar ta nuna cewa ta fito ne daga sunan palanquin - shimfida shimfidaddiyar shimfida tare da iyawa da kujerar zama (daga Latin sedes), inda mashahuran mutane ke ta "kewayawa" tun zamanin da. 

A wata ka'idar, an ba da sunan gawar don girmama Sedan, wani birni a Faransa da ke iyaka da Belgium kuma sanannen kera motocin hawa masu daɗi. Daga baya, a farkon karni na XNUMX, da asubahin fara kera motoci, motocin farko sun bayyana dauke da wani irin akwati - akwatin katako mai cirewa wanda aka makala tare da bel a bayan sashen fasinjojin a wani karamin dandamali. Yanzu ayyana jakar kaya ta zama tsararren ɓangaren tsarin.

Tun farkon farawa, jiki ya sha bamban da sauran samfuran ta wurin kasancewar tsayayyen rufi, wanda ya yi fice a tsakanin buɗaɗɗen (ko an rufe shi da mayafin mai cirewa) ɗakunan shaƙatawa / yawon buɗe ido, masu bin hanya, majami'u. Amma wannan lokacin bai zama amfanin motar nan da nan ba. Ya kamata a tuna cewa ginshiƙan motocin farko an yi su ne da itace, wanda ya haɓaka nauyin gaba ɗaya.

Tare da gabatar da jikin karfe zuwa cikin samarwa a farkon shekarun 30 na karnin da ya gabata, wanda ya taimaka matuka ga motar, masu sintiri da sauri suna fara hawan su zuwa tsakar nasara, suna kare matsayinsu kan juyin mulkin da kekunan hawa. Gaskiya ne, ba tare da sanyawa cikin yaƙin da manyan Amurkawa ba, wanda ya ɗauki ɗan gajeren lokaci tare da zane na ban mamaki. Amma na biyun, duk da fitowar ta ban mamaki, ba da daɗewa ba hankalin jama'a ya ɓace, waɗanda suka fi son amincin sedan, waɗanda aka ba su faifai don tagogin ƙofa da ginshiƙan B. Ba su kasance a cikin manyan matsaloli ba.

Kushin baya wanda ya bayyana akan kasuwa a wani lokaci yayi babbar gasa. Sabbin siffofi tare da gajartar da sake wuce gona da iri, rage girman tare da karfin daukar nauyi wanda ya sami nasara kan wani muhimmin bangare na masu motoci. A sakamakon haka, jikin sedan dole ne ya ba da abokin hamayya na ɗayan nau'ikan jigon sahunsa - sigar ƙofa biyu. Yanzu ta zama cikakkiyar haƙƙin hatchback.

A halin yanzu, duk da matsayinta mai ƙarfi a cikin tsaka-tsakin farashin, sedan dole ne yayi lissafi tare da shaharar SUVs da gicciye. Kodayake wannan ɓangaren yana buƙata daga abokin ciniki mai wadata.

Da yawa daga cikin mukamai masu nasara sun faɗi bukatar don jikin sedan:

• a lokacin kaka-hunturu, ciki ya dumama da sauri, saboda warewa daga kaho da akwati;

• buɗaɗɗen kaya ba ya shafar asarar zafi a cikin gidan;

• taga ta baya saboda "wutsiyar" mai tsawo ba ta cika fuskantar kamuwa da cuta;

• an inganta ganuwa daga sashin fasinjoji saboda tagogin windows.

Bugu da ƙari, ana ba da samfuran zamani da kayan fasaha na zamani kuma ana samar da su cikin ƙirar ƙira mai ban sha'awa.

A cikin ƙasashe daban-daban, ana kiran jikin sedan daban. A cikin sautinmu na yau da kullun, ana amfani da kalmar Sedan a ƙasashen Turai da yawa: Portugal, Denmark, Poland, Turkey, Czech Republic, Sweden, da sauransu, da kuma Amurka. A Jamus, duk motocin da aka rufe ana kiransu Limousine, kuma Jafananci da Ingilishi suna yawan amfani da kalmar Saloon sau da yawa.

Nau'in sedans

Dangane da gwagwarmaya na kasuwa, yawancin masana'antar kera motoci suna zuwa dabaru, suna wasa da sifofin alamun gargajiya kuma suna daidaita su zuwa ƙa'idodin jiki waɗanda mabukaci ke buƙata. Domin kiyaye dabinon, sedan shima ya dace da yanayin kera motoci. Yi la'akari da duk zaɓukan da ake da su a yau.

Sedan na gargajiya

Ya bambanta a cikin bayyananniyar halaye: kundin gani guda uku, yana ba wa jiki wani sifa mai tsayi; daidaitaccen tsayin rufin sama da sashin fasinjoji; kasancewar ginshiƙi na tsakiya, yana riƙe da jiki da ƙyamaren ƙofofi daga shinge; kujeru masu cikakken girma (tare da tsananin sha'awa, zai iya daukar mutane biyar).

Kasuwannin cikin gida suna wakiltar alamun Moskvich 412, VAZ 2101 (Zhiguli), GAZ-24 (Volga).

Dogon tushe

Hoton ya nuna kwafin Soviet wanda ba kasafai ake gani ba na "Seagull" GAZ-14 a jikin mai launi mai launi na wakilin (wanda aka miƙa shi zuwa 611,4 cm) sedan, wanda L.I. Brezhnev, Babban Sakatare na Babban Kwamitin CPSU, don girmama ranar haihuwarsa. An kammala taron hannu a ƙarshen 1976 kuma ya buɗe hanya don ƙarami kaɗan daga 1977 zuwa 1988.

GAZ-14 sedan a cikin aikinsa yana da iyakantaccen saki, gaba ɗaya, motoci 1114 ne kawai suka bar layin taron. Tarihi ya adana "X-ray" (wanda mai zane V. N Nosakov ya zana), wanda ke nuna dalla-dalla cikakken saitin motoci da wurin shaƙatawa tare da ƙofofi huɗu, windows uku da layuka biyu na kujerun marmari a lokacin. 

Kujerun suna nesa mai kyau, saboda haka akwai ƙarin sarari kyauta a cikin gidan. Misalin zai iya sauƙi wucewa don limousine, idan yana da ɓangaren gilashi wanda ke cikin ƙarshen, raba wurin zama tare da direba daga kujerun fasinjoji.

Kofa biyu

A halin yanzu, ba al'ada bane magana game da sedans kofa biyu, wannan fasalin yanzu yana cikin sauran samfura. Kuma da sanyin hawan su, ƙofa biyu ce, yanzu Zaporozhets (ZAZ), Skoda Tudor ko Opel Ascona C, waɗanda har yanzu ana samun su a kan hanya, cikin tsananin buƙata. 

Opel Rekord A (gefen hagu a hoton) da "Volga" (a dama) sun kasance shahararru, wanda ga wanda bai waye ba zai iya zama kamar tagwaye, in ba kasancewar kofofi huɗu a samfurin GAZ ba.

Sedans masu kofa biyu sun kasance masu matukar sha’awa ga ma’aikata masu karamin karfi yayin da aka sayar da su akan farashin dimokuradiyya. Siffar kofa ta farko ta Amurka ta Chevrolet Delray ta bayyana a 1958.

A cikin rarrabuwa na zamani, al'ada ce ta komawa jikin babban kujera zuwa tsarin ƙofofi-2. Amma kuma, babban kujera na iya samun kofofi huɗu, kuma duk da cewa ta wasa ce, kallon juzu'i na sauri, da yawa suna kiranta "kujeru masu kofa huɗu."

Jikin Hardtop

Bayyanar "dadaddun" samfurin, wanda sau ɗaya ya shiga cikin gasa tare da shugaban tallace-tallace, ya yi kama da tsarin Sedan, duk da cewa ya fi ɓarna.

Hardtops galibi ana kiransa ƙofofi huɗu (wani lokacin ƙofa biyu) sedans waɗanda suka shiga kasuwar Amurka a cikin 50s - 80s. tare da matsayinsa a cikin ƙirar samfurai. Duk da kamanceceniyar waje a cikin sifofi na asali tare da Sedan, motocin wannan nau'in suna da manyan bambance-bambance da yawa, kuma tare da yawan rashin amfani:

• rashin ginshiƙan B ya rage aminci da tilasta yin amfani da motar kawai a kan hanyoyi masu kyau;

• hatta tsarin fasalin bai kiyaye mutuncin jiki ba, tunda ba tare da babban cibiya ba an shawo kan jiki nakasawa;

• tagogin gefen da basu da katangar sun kirkiri kallo mai fadi, amma tunda akasarin lokuta ana saukar dasu, sai suka sauwaka ga masu kutse shigo da kayan wani domin sata;

• rufin muryar cikin gidan ba ya nan;

• ingancin belts da aka haɗe kai tsaye zuwa rufin ɗakin fasinja ya bar abin da ake so.

Adadin tallace-tallace na tsaunin tsafi ya zo a cikin 60 na karnin da ya gabata, bayan haka sha'awar jama'a ta fara dusashe.

Notchback

Wannan wataƙila wani suna ne don madaidaiciyar ƙofa huɗu mai kwalliya uku, ana amfani da ita a Japan da Amurka. Mutane daban-daban sun ba da alama ga samfurin ta yadda suke so. Birtaniyya / Biritaniya suna kiransa Saloon. Faransanci, Romania, Italiyanci - "Berlin".

Birtaniyyawa da Amurkawa suna kiran ƙirar Sedan mai kofa 4 "Fordor", kuma ƙirar ƙofa 2 - "Tudor" ko "Koch". Da kyau, Turai tana da nata ra'ayoyin, don su ƙwarewa shine abin da muke amfani da shi don ɗaukar hatchbacks ko dagawa.

Jikin baya daga  

An gadar da shi daga ɗakunan ƙofa 4, kuma mai kama da haka, amma an ɗan taƙaita baya na baya. Rufin da ke sama da gidan kusan tsayi ɗaya ne, amma yana gudana a hankali cikin akwatin mai ɗaukar ido, akwai kujeru 4 a cikin gidan.

Anan ne kamanceceniya, wataƙila, ta ƙare, sauran halayen suna da alaƙa da ɗagawa tare da hatchback ko wagon tashar. Za'a iya samun damar shigar da kayan ta cikin murfin gilashin bayan na baya (a cikin but din, murfin karfe ne gaba daya). Yanayin jiki yana da sasanninta masu santsi a kan gangaren gaban da na baya, wanda ba shi da asali a cikin motar.

Fastback

Har zuwa karshen shekarun 50 na karnin da ya gabata, azumin baya ya zama ingantaccen sashi na nau'ikan jiki, tare da bayyananniyar siffar hawaye saboda rufin da ke gangarowa zuwa ga gangar jikin; bangon baya mai kyalli da karamin murfin kayan jaka. Don daidaitacce, zaka iya amintar da "Pobeda" GAZ-M-20 (hagu) ko GAZ-M-20V (dama) - motar zamanin Soviet ce a cikin jerin samfuran tare da haɓakawa a cikin shekarun 1946 - 1958.

A halin yanzu, bayyanannun layuka na wannan sashin sun dusashe, saboda ana amfani da yawancin halayensa wajen ƙirƙirar wasu ƙirar don mamakin mabukaci da siffofin da ba na al'ada ba na zamani. Wannan ya faru ne saboda "wasanni" na kasuwar kera motoci, wanda ke da wahalar cin nasara.

A karkashin fassarar zamani na azumin baya, mutum ya daina nufin ma'anar jikinsa daban, amma aikace-aikacen fasalin sa zuwa wasu shahararrun kayayyaki. Ana iya lura da wannan abin a cikin keken hawa, hatchbacks, lifbacks, yawancin wasannin motsa jiki, kuma, tabbas, masu zaman kansu. 

Ta yaya nau'ikan sedans ya bambanta da aji

Duk wani jigilar fasinja na fasinja na cikin wani aji wanda ya dace da ƙa'idodin Hukumar Tattalin Arziki don Turai. Wannan ƙungiyar ta fi mai da hankali kan girman abin hawa. Amma lokacin tantancewa, kada mutum ya manta da buƙatun mabukaci, farashi, keken ƙafa, injin ko girman gida, da sauran muhawara masu mahimmanci game da aikin aji.

А

Rarraba sedan ya mamaye kusan dukkanin grid, daga aji A zuwa F, ban da sassan M, S, J da ɗaukar abubuwa. Mutane da yawa suna jayayya cewa rukunin "A" (musamman ƙananan) sedans ba zai iya zama ba, tunda ya haɗa da motoci masu tsawon jiki har zuwa mita 3,6. Zai zama alama cewa tare da irin wannan tsayin, babu inda za a haɗa keɓaɓɓiyar akwati, amma a yanayi har yanzu akwai supermini sedans. Misali, Citroen C1 ko minicar Soviet "Zaporozhets" ZAZ 965, wanda gangar jikinsa ta kasance a maimakon murfin:

В

Class "B" ya haɗa da motoci masu tsayin zuwa mita 4,1, abin da ake kira "ƙarami". A cikin Rasha, kamar yadda yake a ƙasashe da yawa na duniya, wannan rukunin yana cikin buƙatu mai yawa, tunda ana sayar da ƙananan girma a farashi mai sauƙi. Amma a cikin Tarayyar Rasha, wannan ɓangaren an ɗan faɗaɗa shi a cikin tsarin ƙididdigar farashin da ke da alaƙa da kayan aikin salon da motocin "ƙera". Sabili da haka, motocin da ke akwai ga talakawa, amma kaɗan sun wuce ƙa'idodin Turai (a tsayi), ana kiran su zuwa rukunin B +, azaman matsakaiciyar zaɓi tsakanin aji B da C. Ana iya ɗaukar Citroen C3 na Faransanci a matsayin cikakken mizani a cikin aji B:

С

Motocin da ba su wuce mita 4,4 ba suna cikin abin da ake kira ajin golf "C" (ƙaramin matsakaici). Kamar yadda yake a cikin ajin "B", wasu wakilan sedans a cikin girma na iya wucewa gwargwadon ƙa'idodin Turai, amma tsayayya da su dangane da girman keken guragu da ƙarar akwatin. Irin waɗannan motocin suna cikin matsakaiciyar matsayi tsakanin rukunin C da D kuma sun kasance cikin ajin C +. Babban wakilin wannan bangare shine karamin kamfanin Faransa Citroen C4:

D

Idan tsawon abin hawa yana cikin kewayon mita 4,5 - 4,8, to wannan wakili ne na masu matsakaita "D", wanda ya haɗa da, misali, dangin Citroen C5. Theafafun ƙafa na irin wannan motar ya kamata ya kasance a tsakanin mita 2,7, kuma ƙarar akwatin ya kasance daga lita 400.

Kowace ƙasa tana amfani da sigogi daban-daban don ƙayyade ajin, amma wasu ƙa'idodin suna kasancewa ɗaya ga duk injuna. Don haka, alal misali, a Japan, ana rarraba motoci a cikin layin D ne kawai ta hanyar girma: tsayi - fiye da 4,7 m, tsawo - daga 2 m, nisa - daga 1,7 m Kuma ga Amurkawa, ajin D yana nufin wani adadin gidan - 3,15 - 13,4 mai siffar sukari m.

Amma yawancin masana suna nuna darajar motar dangane da matakan kayan aiki da ƙwarewar fasaha:

E

Jigilar fasinja mafi girman matsakaici tare da tsayin jiki daga 4,8 zuwa 5,0 m na cikin rukunin kasuwancin “E”. Waɗannan su ne manyan motoci masu manyan kayan aiki. An yi imanin cewa wannan rukunin ya kammala kewayon motocin da ke ba wa ɗan kasuwa mai zaman kansa damar yin ba tare da taimakon direba ba. A cikin bangarori masu zuwa, matsayin yana nuna amfani da sabis na direba, ba tare da kasancewar ko rashin lasisin tuki daga mai motar ba.

Misali mai ban sha'awa na ajin "E" - Citroen DS 8 tare da alamun gyaran sauri:

F

Wata sifa ta haruffa ta sama "F" ana iya kiranta tsawon jiki wanda ya wuce alamar mita biyar. Bugu da ari, a cikin wannan siga, motar ba ta da takura, amma a cikin iyakoki masu dacewa don zirga-zirgar da ta dace tare da tituna. In ba haka ba, zai zama gidan kayan gargajiya ne kawai ko baje kolin kayan kallo don zaman hoto, wanda bai dace da amfaninsa ba.

Dole ne motar alatu / zartarwa ta kasance tana da mafi girman "kayan aiki": kayan lantarki, kayan ciki masu inganci, kayan haɗi, watakila ma mashaya, da dai sauransu.

Menene fa'idodi na nau'ikan sedans ta aji

Jikin sedan shine mafi mashahuri saboda fa'idodi da yawa waɗanda suka banbanta shi da sauran samfuran a yanki ɗaya. Misali, aji A sedan anfi yawan buƙata a rukuninsa ba kawai don sauƙin dalilin buƙatar motocin kasafin kuɗi ba, akwai wasu dalilan da ke faruwa a kowane ɗayan azuzuwan.

1. Ana rarrabe kewayon samfuran jiki da sifofi daban-daban, don haka ana bawa mabukaci dama don ya gamsar da abubuwan dandano iri-iri da yawa:

2. Ingantaccen ganuwa ya samu ne sakamakon manyan tagogi a cikin gidan, wanda yake da mahimmanci yayin yin parking. A irin wannan yanayin, direba baya buƙatar yin amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin - tsarin ba da taimako na filin ajiye motoci, zai yi daidai yayi kiliya koda da baya ne, yana lura da motsin motar ta gilashin gilashin baya:

3. Misalin ya kasance a kasuwa kusan shekara ɗari. Tun daga farko, an kirkiro wani dandali na musamman don jiki, wanda ya dace da sauye-sauye abubuwan hawa da yawa. Wannan batun yana da mahimmanci musamman don amincin da amincin shari'ar. Idan wasu alamun suna amfani da tushe na sedan, to rashin kuskuren lissafi na iya shiga cikin zane, amma wannan baya barazanar sedan:

4. Nau'in wannan jikin yana ba da gudummawa ga amfani da mai na tattalin arziƙi saboda rage nauyi da kuma kyakkyawan yanayin iska. 

5. Tsarin zama mai ƙarancin tunani, da kuma ikon daidaita karkatar da wurin zama tare da kwanciyar baya mai kyau, haifar da ta'aziyya koda akan doguwar tafiya. Kari akan haka, motocin sedan suna da mafi kyawun riko saboda tsarin da ke rarraba kayan a dai-dai tare da dukkan tsawon zangon taya.

6. Da farko dai, tsarin kasafin kudi da aka gabatar a kowane aji, ban da haka, baya buƙatar manyan kashe kuɗi don gyaran mota. Wucewa wucewa baya haifar da rikitarwa, tunda kayan aiki basuda tsada kuma koyaushe ana samunsu ga kowane bangare.

7. Wani akwati daban yana da sarari, ba tare da la'akari da rukuni ba. Rufin sashin kaya yana hana wari da sauti daga shiga cikin fasinjan fasinja. Kuma dogon gyaran da aka yi wa dogon baya yana aiki a matsayin wani matashi wanda ke daukar damuwa (a karo na baya) yayin hatsari.

Bambanci tsakanin sedan da babban kujera

Tattaunawa game da wane samfurin ya fi kyau daidai ne kamar rashin ɗabi'a kamar nacewa kan faɗin farin / baƙi akan sauran. Yana da batun batun dandano da fifiko. Kuna iya magana kawai game da manyan abubuwan rarrabewa a cikin halayen fasaha, hangen nesa, da dai sauransu, sannan zaɓin ya kasance tare da mai motar.

Har zuwa kwanan nan, an bayyana nau'ikan jikin biyu ta hanyar rarrabe-rarrabe, yana ba kowane ɗayan samfuran salon daban. Tun farkon farawa, masu zanen babban kujera sun ɗauki sigar motar biyu-ƙafa a matsayin tushe, amma saboda bayyanar ƙyama-ƙofar uku a kasuwa, ana iya kwatanta jikin da na sedan:

Hoton yana nuna Mercedes-Benz CLS (saurin ƙarni na III). Wakilin '' kofa huɗu '' yana da kamanni mai kayatarwa, salon yana sanye da kayan '' shaƙewa '' na zamani tare da ƙirar ƙira, amma a cikin bayyanar - kusan sedan duk a cikin jikin fastback guda.

Kayan shimfidar shimfidar gargajiya na da kofa uku mai girman murya biyu tare da gidan saloon daban da kuma kujeru manya-manya guda biyu. A wasu lokuta ba safai ba, ana ƙara ƙarin jere na kujeru, suna zaune ƙaramin fili (har zuwa cc 93), mafi dacewa don karɓar yara. Kofar kaya yawanci baya nan, bangon baya yana haske.

Wasannin wasanni suna taimakawa ga hanyoyin da ba zato ba tsammani, kamar "sedan ƙofa biyu". Kodayake yana da "maɓallin lokaci" a baya. Jikunan farko na wannan nau'in suna da cikakkun fassarori biyu: ƙofofi 2 da 4. Yanzu, tare da banbanci a cikin kundin gani guda uku, rufin daidai ya faɗi daga ƙasan gidan, kasancewar ginshiƙin tsakiya, waɗannan ƙirar ƙirar ƙofa 4 ce:

Hoton ya nuna samfurin 3 na Tesla tare da injin lantarki, wanda ya shiga kasuwa a cikin 2017. A kan misalin ta, mutum na iya lura da canjin canjin na gargajiya, ya dace da bukatun mabukaci.

Babban banbanci tsakanin sedan da babban kujera shine gajartaccen tushe na karshen, dangane da shi galibi ana sanye shi da layi ɗaya na kujerun manya, ko kuma yana da tsari na 2 + 2 (kujerun polymer). Bugu da kari, babban kujera ya fi kusa da tsarin wasanni.

Bambance-bambance tsakanin sedan da keken tasha, hatchback

Bambanci mai mahimmanci tsakanin sedan da hatchback da wagon tashar shine siffarsa mai girma uku. A gani, bonnet, rufin da gangar jikin suna tsayawa a cikin bayanan martaba. A cikin ɗakin, ɓangaren fasinja yana rabu da wani yanki mai tsauri daga sashin kaya. Gaskiya ne, a cikin mafi yawan samfura, bayan gadon gado na baya suna ninka (sau da yawa a cikin rabo na 40 * 60), don haka ana iya ɗaukar kaya mai tsayi a cikin sedan.

Amma da farko, sedan yana mai da hankali kan jigilar fasinjoji da ƙananan abubuwa. Irin wannan nau'in jiki dangane da jigilar fasinjoji yana da fa'idodi masu zuwa:

• Ƙara yawan jin daɗi saboda cikakken keɓantawar fasinja daga cikin akwati (ba sauti ko ƙamshi da ke yadawa daga gangar jikin lokacin jigilar kaya);
• Irin wannan nau'in jiki yana ba ku damar tsara microclimate na asali saboda irin wannan yanki mai tsauri a cikin ɗakin;
• Irin wannan nau'in jiki ya fi tsayi, wanda ke da tasiri mai kyau akan sarrafa motar;
• Saboda mafi yawan adadin yankunan da ke shayar da makamashi (injini da kayan kaya), aminci a cikin mota ya fi girma fiye da samfurori tare da akwati mai hade da ciki.

Amma wannan nau'in jikin bai kasance mara lahani ba. Don haka, ƙarin ta'aziyya yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar jiki mai tsayi idan aka kwatanta da wannan hatchback. Idan muka kwatanta shi da wagon tashar, to, sedan ya yi hasara sosai a cikin amfani.

Sedan mafi sauri a duniya

Ma'anar saurin sauri da sedan ba su dace da dalili ɗaya ba. Direban ba zai iya yin amfani da cikakken ƙarfin motar ba saboda rashin ƙarancin iska. Ƙarfafawa da manyan ayyuka masu ƙarfi a cikin sedan an shigar da su don kare martaba fiye da gasa na wasanni.

Da sauri motar, ƙarancin kwanciyar hankali zai kasance. Don haka, haɓakawa a cikin 2.7 seconds, kamar Tesla Model S P1000D, ba za a iya kiran shi dadi ta kowace hanya ba, saboda fasinjoji suna danne a zahiri a cikin kujera.

Idan muka magana game da model tare da classic ciki konewa engine, kuma ba lantarki mota, da jerin mafi sauri sedans sun hada da:

• Mercedes Benz AMG;
• Porsche Panamera Turbo;
• BMW M760.

Idan kun shirya yin cajin sedan don tsere, to a cikin ajinsa zai zama ƙasa da coupes ko hatchbacks tare da halaye iri ɗaya.

Mafi kyau a cikin aji

Yawancin wakilan motoci na gargajiya an yi su a cikin nau'i ɗaya ko wani na jikin sedan. Ajin zartarwa, aji mai daraja, kayan alatu da makamantansu na alfarma na mota suna karɓar jikin sedan saboda shahara da kyawun sigar.

Irin waɗannan sedans suna shahara a cikin ƙasashen CIS:

• Lada Grant;
• Renault Logan;
• Toyota Camry;
• Skoda Octavia;
• Hyundai Solaris;
• Focus Focus;
• Volkswagen Polo;
• Nissan Almera.

Ya kamata a ambata cewa don jawo hankalin masu siye da yawa, masu kera motoci suna samar da samfurin iri ɗaya a cikin jiki daban-daban. Misalin wannan shine Ford Focus 3 ko Hyundai Solaris, waɗanda suke daidai da shahara kamar sedan da hatchback.

Mafi kyawun sedan ba zai yiwu a yi suna ba. Domin abu ne na dandano. Shahararren samfurin musamman yana shafar kayan aiki, aikin launi, ingancin aikin duk tsarin da majalisai, da kuma mafita na ƙira.

Bidiyo akan batun

Wannan ɗan gajeren bidiyon yayi magana game da kyawawan sedans masu ƙarfi waɗanda zasu iya yin gogayya da wasu motocin wasanni:

Sedan mafi sauri a duniya 🚀

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Menene sedan? Sedan - nau'in jiki wanda aka bambanta da nau'i mai nau'i uku - abubuwa uku na jiki (hood, rufi da akwati) an bayyana su a fili. Yawancin sedans suna da kujeru 5.

Menene sedans? 1) classic - tare da ƙayyadaddun adadin jiki guda uku a sarari. 2) kofa biyu. 3) limousine. 4) hardtop (babu ginshiƙin B). 5) mutum biyu ko hudu ko biyar.