Gwajin gwajin Saab 96 V4 da Volvo PV 544: Biyu na Sweden

Ƙari kamar sabuwar Saab 96 da Volvo PV 544 sun yi kama da tsohuwar mota

Baya ga sifofin ƙwanƙwasa na asali, maƙasudin gama gari na samfuran Sweden guda biyu wani inganci ne - suna na injunan abin dogaro da abin dogaro.

An tabbatar da cewa babu wanda zai dame wadannan classic model tare da wasu. A cikin bayyanar, wannan ma'auratan Sweden sun zama babban matsayi na gaske a tarihin masana'antar kera motoci. A cikin wannan nau'i ne kawai za su iya kasancewa a kasuwar mota shekaru da yawa. Kuma mafi banbance-banbancen sassan jikinsu - zagayen rufaffiyar rufin da ke gangarewa - gado ne tun lokacin bayyanar wadannan kayan tarihi na arewa a wani wuri mai nisa na 40s.

Mun gayyaci taron taron kwafin aji biyu na Yaren mutanen Sweden, wadanda yanayinsu a yanzu ba zai iya zama daban ba. Ba a sake dawo da Saab 96 ba, wanda aka samar a shekarar 1973, yayin da Volvo PV 544 ba wai kawai an dawo da shi ba ne kawai amma an inganta shi da yawa daga cikin takamaiman bayanan tarihi, wanda aka kwafa tun 1963. A matsayin sabon abu, duk da haka, motocin duka suna da alamun wanzuwar waɗannan samfuran. a matsayin tsoffin sojoji.

Volvo ya fito waje a matsayin mota don tuki mai aiki. Mai shi, wanda ya kula da kuma tuki shi tsawon shekaru 32, alal misali, ya shigar da ingin 20 hp B131 da aka gyara. Don dalilai na aminci, gaban axle yana sanye da birki na diski da mai haɓaka birki daga Volvo Amazon - gyare-gyaren da yawancin wakilan "Volvo humped" ke amfani da su. Launi kuma yayi daidai da yanayin wasan motsa jiki na mota - jan hankali ne na PV 544 Sport tare da lambar launi 46 bisa ga ƙayyadaddun Volvo. Mai farko a Denmark ya ba da umarnin farar mota. Af, duk canje-canje idan aka kwatanta da yanayin sayan an yi su a cikin 90s.

30s Tsarin Amurka

Masu zamani na ƙirar 50s suma sun yi farin ciki da serial Volvo. Ko da wanda ya lashe Le Mans Paul Frere ya kasance fan: "Ban taɓa samun motar kera mai daɗaɗaɗɗen halaye masu fa'ida da sabani da ƙasa ba, har ma da tsohuwar bayyanar," direban da ɗan jaridar gwajin ya rubuta. a 1958 a cikin mota mota da wasanni. Lokacin da aka haɓaka shi a tsakiyar shekarun 40, jikin kofa biyu ya dace daidai da abubuwan dandano na lokacin - ya rinjayi madaidaicin layin layi, ƙirar Amurka ta saita salon duniya. Amma kusan nan da nan bayan kwafin farko na "Volvo Humpbacked" ya bar ginin masana'anta a Gothenburg, sabon layin "pontoon" mai sauƙi ya fara bayyana.

A farkon, Volvo ya makale da siffa mai fikafikan fikafikai da zagaye na baya. Yin la'akari da dogon aiki da nasara na jerin "baya" - daga tsohon sabon zuwa na yanzu classic motoci - wannan ya yi samfurin fiye da cutarwa. Tsarin retro na ƙungiyar Edward Lindbergh na ci gaba da jawo hankali da jin daɗi.

Ko da kayan wasanni da aka boye a karkashin tasoshi kaho a cikin mafi tsada versions - 1965-lita version tare da 1,8 hp ya kai kololuwa na misali hudu-Silinda engine a 95. - guda ikon kamar sa'an nan Porsche 356 sc. Volvo yana kiyaye hoton wasanni na ƙirar kofa biyu ta hanyar shiga cikin yawancin tarukan Turai. "Humpbacked Volvo" tare da injuna mai lita biyu na gyara yana nuna halayen mota na zamani. Sabanin haka, babban sitiyari, bel mai saurin gudu, dogayen lever mai motsi, da kallon tsohuwar aikin jiki ta hanyar ƙaramin gilashin iska suna yin ainihin ƙwarewar tuƙi.

Layin sararin samaniya na Sweden

Yayin da maginan Volvo suka ƙare wasansu na al'ada a cikin 1965, 75km arewacin Gothenburg a Trollhättan, injiniyoyin Saab har yanzu suna tunanin yadda za su tsawaita rayuwar su na 96 na al'ada. An haɓaka ƙirar ƙirar iska a tsakiyar 40s. a cikin waɗannan shekarun - ta Sixten Sasson, wanda ya shiga cikin ƙungiyar ƙira, wanda ya ƙunshi mutane 18, wanda Gunnar Jungström ya jagoranta.

Siffofin ƙungiyoyin da ke gaba ba harajin da Saab ya biya a kan salon jikin na lokacin ba, amma a matsayin shaida ce ga amincin Svenska Aeroplan Aktiebolag (SAAB) a matsayin mai kera jirgin sama. Da farko, injinan silinda guda uku wanda aka ƙera akan DKW tare da ƙaura 764 cm3 ya isa ga rawar tuƙi, wanda a cikin samfurin 1960, wanda aka ba da shawara a cikin 96, ya sami ƙaramin silinda da ƙarar 841 cm3, isasshe ku 41hp. .s. Tsawon shekaru bakwai, Saab yana dogaro da tuƙi mara matuki. Sannan hatta manyan mutane a Trollhättan sun fahimci cewa injin su na bugun jini biyu ya riga ya tsufa. Kuma tare da ƙaddamar da babban ƙirar tsakiyar, Saab ya zaɓi canjin injin tattalin arziki daga Ford.

Tun daga 1967, injin Sw1,5 mai nauyin lita 4 daga Ford Taunus 12M TS ya ba da ƙarfi ga Swede. Unitungiyar wuta tare da damar 65 hp Asalin da aka haɓaka a Amurka a matsayin ɗan takara ga VW ɗan damben dambe mai silinda, ya sami amfani a cikin Taunus 1962M a 12. Koyaya, idan aka kwatanta da injina masu bugun jini sau biyu, gajere kuma mai saurin juyawa daga Cologne yana da rashi guda ɗaya: yana da nauyin kilogiram 60 fiye da injin bugun ƙafa biyu kuma saboda haka yana haifar da halaye marasa kyau akan hanya. Tsarin tuƙi yana da nauyi musamman a ƙananan gudu. Bugu da kari, kujeru masu taushi basu da goyan baya kadan. Masu tallafa wa Saab ba su tsoron irin waɗannan abubuwa, duk da haka, kuma 96 V4 ya kasance a cikin kewayen kamfanin har zuwa 1980.

Yan wasa na asali

Idan muka kwatanta lokutan samarwa, Saab ya zama mai tsere mai tsayi da yawa. Hakanan, Volvo yana nuna cikakken ƙirar gabaɗaya. Hakanan babbar mota ce, tare da injin da ke da ƙarfi, kuma ƙarshe amma ba ƙalla ba, godiya ga ƙafafun ƙafafun baya, shi ma yana da saurin yanayi. Koyaya, kwatancen kai tsaye tsakanin samfuran biyu ba zai yiwu ba, saboda jan "humpback Volvo" yayi nesa da inda yake a lokacin sayayya. A kowane hali, duka Swedan Sweden ɗin suna da haruffa na asali. A zamanin yau, lokacin da duk motocin ke ƙara zama daidai, masu ban sha'awa Scandinavia suna da sabon salo. Koyaya, ba kawai asalin asali bane ya basu wuri a tarihin mota. Hakanan sun sami sanannun sanannun kayan aikin aminci masu yawa kamar bel mai daidaito.

ƙarshe

Edita Dirk Johe: Halin da ya fi kowane ci gaba yana magana ne game da Saab. Wannan ya fi ban mamaki kuma ba shi da yawa. Koyaya, saboda tsananin mai ƙarancin kafa, ƙirar motar-ƙafafun gaba ba ta da daɗin tuki. Idan aka kwatanta da shi, ana ganin wakilin Volvo ya fi ƙarfi kuma ya sami jin daɗi na halin ɗabi'a, ba ƙaramin godiya ga motar-baya ba.

Bitananan tarihin wasanni: yawo kamar dabarun talla

Dukansu Saab da Volvo sun dogara ne kan kyakkyawar nasarar tseren mota. Rally wasa ne da 'yan arewa suka saba.

■ Samun nasarar Monte Carlo Rally sau da yawa yana da tasiri fiye da taken gasar. Direban Saab Eric Carlson har ma ya samu nasarori biyu a matsayinsa na sarkin duk wani taro - ya ci gasar tsere a Saab dinsa mai bugun jini a 1962 da 1963. Wannan nasara ita ce nasarar da aka samu na alamar Sweden a tseren motoci; duk da haka, ta kasa lashe gasar cin kofin duniya. Duk da haka, suna da gasa da yawa na kasa da nasarori a cikin Turai.

Ko da bayan canzawa zuwa V4 mai bugun jini hudu, nasarar Saab 96 ta ci gaba. A cikin 1968 Finn Simo Lampinen ya lashe RAC Rally a Tsibirin Biritaniya da irin wannan mota. Shekaru uku bayan haka, dan kasar Sweden mai shekaru 24 a bayan motar 96th V4, zakaran tseren duniya na gaba Stig Blomkvist, ya kira tafi da jama'a. A 1973, "Master Blomkvist" ya lashe na farko na goma sha daya World Rally Championship nasarori a kasarsa.

Har zuwa 1977, zagayen zagaye na zagaye-zagaye mai suna Saab ya fafata a Gasar Rally ta Duniya. Sannan an maye gurbinsa da sauƙin zamani na 99.

Volvo ya lashe Kofin Zakarun Turai biyu tare da PV 544; kafin kafa Gasar Cin Kofin Duniya a 1973, ita ce babbar gasar haduwa. Koyaya, mazaunan Gothenburg sun kasa cin Kofin Monte Carlo. A cikin 1962, lokacin da abokin hamayyarsa Saab ya fara lashe gasar Monte, Volvo ya kirkiro sashen wasanni na kamfanin. Shugabanta shi ne mai tsere Gunnar Anderson, wanda a 1958 ya zama zakaran Turai a cikin "humpbacked Volvo". A cikin 1963, Goy ya ci taken sa na biyu, kuma bayan shekara daya takwararsa Tom Trana ya kawo kofi na uku a gasar.

Godiya ga wannan, Volvo ya riga ya saki dukkanin ginshiƙan gasa, amma har yanzu ya sami nasarar ɗaukar kansa da wata muhimmiyar nasara: a cikin 544, waɗanda suka mallaki PV 1965 matukan jirgi masu zaman kansu Yoginder da Yaswant Singh, 'yan'uwan biyu maza na asalin Indiya, sun sami nasarar. Gabatarwar Safari ta Gabas. Gasar tsere a kan rararrun titunan Afirka a lokacin anyi la'akari da haduwa mafi wahala a duniya. Babu wata hujja mafi kyau ta tabbaci da karko na mota fiye da lashe Safari Rally.

Rubutu: Dirk Johe

Hotuna: Achim Hartmann