Rolls-Royce

Abun ciki Wanda ya kafaEmblemTarihin motoci Tare da Rolls Royce nan da nan mun haɗu tare da fahimtar dabarun wani abu mai daɗi da ɗaukaka. Ba a yawan ganin motocin Birtaniyya da ke da wani keɓantacce a kan tituna. Rolls Royce Motor Cars wani kamfani ne na motocin alfarma na Biritaniya wanda ke da hedikwata a Goodwood. Tarihin bullar motocin alfarma na kasashen waje ya samo asali ne tun a shekara ta 1904, lokacin da wasu abokan Birtaniya biyu masu tunani daya suka amince da ra'ayin kera wata babbar mota mai alfarma, Frederick-Henry Royce da Charles Rolls. Bayanan haɗin gwiwar ya ta'allaka ne a cikin rashin gamsuwa da motar da aka saya tare da Royce, wanda ke da inganci da kyakkyawan ƙirar motar. Ba da daɗewa ba ya fito da manufar haɓaka aikin kansa, kuma da ya kera motarsa ​​ta farko, ya sayar da ita ga injiniya Stripe, wanda ya duba aikin nasa. Samfurin da Reuss ya kirkira a 1904 ya zama motar farko na kamfanin. Kuma haka aka fara haɗin gwiwa don gina kamfani mai ban mamaki. Wani fasali na kamfanin shi ne cewa har yau duk motoci suna harhada da hannu. Hanyar injiniya kawai tana faruwa ne a zanen motar da fenti 12. A ɗan gajeren lokaci bayan kafa sha'anin, a cikin shekaru biyu da 1906, an riga an samar da motoci da yawa tare da na'urorin wutar lantarki na 2, 4, 6, har ma da 8 cylinders (amma galibi tare da injin silinda biyu. Waɗannan samfuran 12/15/20/30 PS). Samfuran nan take suka ci kasuwa kuma suna cikin buƙata, tunda kamfani yana jagorantar ka'idodi da yawa yayin ƙirƙirar, kamar aminci, inganci, da kuma ƙwazo don aiki. Wannan shi ne abin da Royce ya yi ƙoƙarin sanyawa a cikin shugaban kowane ma'aikaci, domin idan ba tare da wannan ba babu wani babban sakamako. Yayin yakin, kamfanin ya kuma kera motocin yaki. Rolls Royce kuma ya shahara a gasar tsere, inda ya lashe kyaututtuka. Jagoranci na farko an danganta shi da motar wasanni na 1996 da ta shiga cikin gasar cin kofin yawon shakatawa. Hakan ya biyo bayan tsarin lashe kyaututtuka godiya ga motocin da aka samar bisa tushen Royce Prototype. An ba da wadataccen kayan alatu da samfurin Panthom, wanda aka inganta sau da yawa. Ya kasance da kyau sosai a cikin buƙata kuma an samar da samfuran sama da 2000 na ɗan gajeren lokaci. A cikin 1931, kamfanin ya karbi babban Bentley, wanda ke kan gab da fatara. A wancan lokacin ya kasance daya daga cikin manyan masu fafatawa na Rolls Royce, tun da Bentley ya samar da motoci masu inganci kuma yana da tasiri a kasuwa. A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, kamfanin ya faɗaɗa ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun sa don samar da injuna don jiragen soja kuma ya yi nasara tare da ƙirƙirar RR Merlin tare da ikon walƙiya. An yi amfani da wannan rukunin wutar lantarki a kusan dukkan jiragen saman soja. Motocin Rolls Royce suna da matukar buƙata tsakanin manyan mutane da masu hannu da shuni. Kusan kusan rabin karni, kamfanin ya bunkasa cikin sauri ba tare da daina mamakin kayan alatu da ya samar ba, amma a farkon shekarun 60s lamarin bai canza ba. Wani rikici da canji a cikin dabarun tattalin arziki, da yawa m manyan-sikelin ayyuka, da ci gaban da wani jet ikon naúrar da lamuni - duk muhimmanci buga kudi kyautata na kamfanin, har zuwa fatara. An kasa ba da izinin rufe kamfanin kuma gwamnati ta ceto kamfanin, wanda ya biya mafi yawan basussukan. Wannan kawai ya tabbatar da cewa Rolls Royce ya sami gado da kuma martaba ba kawai a kasuwanni ba, har ma a cikin ƙasa. Sa'an nan a cikin 1997 da alama da aka samu ta BMW, wanda shi ne daya daga cikin mutane da yawa a cikin layi don samun Rolls Royce. Bentley ya samu Volkswagen. Sabon mamallakin alamar da sauri ya saita kayan aiki ba tare da ya shafi duk fasahohi da hanyoyin Rolls Royce ba. Shahararriyar alamar har yanzu ana la'akari da ita ba ta wuce ba har yau. Alatu da girman motocin da aka kera shine babban abin da ya dace na wadanda suka kafa ta. Kamfanin yana da fiye da maki ɗari na tallace-tallace a duniya, kuma martabarsa da ƙa'idarsa ta haifar da sha'awar kowa da kowa ya zama mai motar Rolls Royce. Wanda ya kafa ƙwararrun injiniyoyin Burtaniya biyu, Frederick Henry Royce da Charles Rolls. An haifi Frederick Henry Royce a cikin bazara na 1963 a cikin babban dangin miller a Burtaniya. Henry ya tafi makaranta a Landan, amma ya yi shekara guda a can. Iyalin sun kasance matalauta, matsalolin kuɗi da mutuwar mahaifinsa ya sa Henry ya bar makaranta kuma ya ɗauki aiki a matsayin ɗan takarda. Bugu da ari, tare da taimakon dangi, Henry ya sami aiki a matsayin koyan aiki a cikin bita. Sannan ya yi aiki a wani kamfanin samar da wutar lantarki a Landan, sannan ya yi aikin lantarki a Liverpool. Tun 1894, tare da abokinsa, ya shirya wani karamin sha'anin samar da lantarki kayan. Hawan ƙananan matakan matakan aikinsa - Royce ya shirya kamfani don samar da cranes. 1901 - wani juyi wanda ke da tasiri mai kyau ga sauran rayuwarsa, Henry ya sayi na'ura da aka ƙirƙira a Faransa. Amma nan da nan ya ji takaici a cikin motar gaba ɗaya kuma ya yanke shawarar ƙirƙirar nasa. A cikin 1904 ya kirkiro Rolls Royce na farko kuma ya sayar da ita ga abokin tarayya na gaba, Rolls. A cikin wannan shekarar, an shirya babban kamfani na Rolls Royce. Bayan matsalolin lafiya da aikin da aka sauya, ba zai iya shiga cikin kirkirar motoci ba, amma ya yi cikakken iko kan masu zanen da suka kirkiro zane kuma suka tsunduma cikin samarwa. Frederick Henry Royce ya mutu a lokacin bazara na 1933 a West Witterting a Burtaniya. Wanda ya kafa na biyu, Charles Stewart Rolls, an haife shi ne a lokacin rani na 1877 a cikin babban iyali na baron mai arziki a London. Bayan ya kammala makaranta, ya sami ilimi a mashahurin Cambridge tare da digiri a kan aikin injiniya. Tun yana karami, motoci ke burge shi. Ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin manyan masu ababen hawa a Wales. A 1896 ya sayi motarsa. A cikin 1903, an saita rikodin saurin ƙasa na 93 mph. Ya kuma ƙirƙiri wani kamfani mai sayar da motoci na samfuran Faransa. An kafa Rolls Royce a shekarar 1904. Baya ga motorsport da kuma masana'antar kera motoci, ya kasance mai sha'awar balloons da jiragen sama, wanda ya zama abin sha'awa na biyu kuma ya kawo farin jini (abin takaici, ba kawai ta hanya mai kyau ba). A lokacin rani na 1910 jirgin Rolls ya tashi a cikin iska a tsawon mita 6 kuma Charles ya mutu. Alamar "Ruhu na Ecstasy" (ko Ruhun Extasy) - siffar da ke tattare da wannan ra'ayi a kan murfin mota.  Ma’abucin mota na farko mai wannan siffa shi ne hamshakin attajiri Lord Scott Montagu, wanda ya umurci wani abokin sculptor ya kirkiri siffar mace a cikin jirgi. Misalin wannan adadi shine uwargidan Montagu Eleanor. Hakan ya burge wadanda suka kafa kamfanin kuma sun yi amfani da wannan misali a matsayin alamar motar. Ta hanyar ba da oda tare da sculptor iri ɗaya, sun ƙunshi ra'ayi kusan iri ɗaya tare da samfurin iri ɗaya wanda ya haifar da sanannen Ruhun Extasy - "mace mai tashi". A cikin tarihi, gami da abin da aka yi siffar siffar kawai ya canza, a halin yanzu an yi shi da bakin karfe. Kuma tambarin kamfanin da kansa, tunda ba shi da wuya a yi tsammani, fasakawa tare da kwafi biyu na Ingilishi R, wanda ke nuna harafin farko na sunayen masu kirkirar Rolls Royce. Tarihin motoci Kamar yadda aka ambata, na farko Rolls Royce da aka halitta a 1904. Daga wannan shekarar zuwa 1906, kamfanin samar da model 12/15/20/30 PS tare da daban-daban Silinda ikon raka'a daga 2 zuwa 8 cylinders. Samfurin PS 20 tare da injin silinda huɗu na 20 hp ya cancanci bambanci na musamman. da kuma daukar wani filin wasa a gasar cin kofin yawon bude ido. A cikin shekarar 1907 aka sanya wa Silver Ghost kyautar mota mafi kyau a duniya, wanda aka tsara tun farko shekara ɗaya da ta gabata a matsayin babban kamfanin kamfanin 40/50 HP. A 1925, da fatalwa I debuted da wani 7,6 lita engine. An fito da wani sabon salo na zamani, wanda aka sake masa suna na Phantom II shekaru huɗu bayan haka kuma an ba shi girma na musamman. Daga baya, an sake sake wasu tsararraki huɗu na wannan ƙirar. Bayan mallakar Bentley, MK VI ya fara aiki da jikin ƙarfe mai ƙarfi. A cikin 1935, sabon ƙarni na Panthom III ya ga duniya tare da injin mai ƙarfi na 12-Silinda. A lokacin yakin bayan yakin, tsarar Azurfa tana farawa. Amma Silver Wraith / Cloud - waɗannan nau'ikan guda biyu ba su ci nasara da mutuntawa da buƙatu na musamman a kasuwa ba, wanda ya ba kamfanin damar ƙirƙirar babban aiki mai fa'ida dangane da waɗannan samfuran kuma ya bazu tare da inuwar Azurfa da aka saki tare da kyakkyawar fasaha mai kyau. aiki da kamanni, musamman jikin mai ɗaukar nauyi. Dangane da Inuwa, an kirkirar masarauta mai canzawa a cikin 1971, wanda shine ɗan fari na kamfanin. Kuma motar farko da injiniyoyin ƙetare suka ƙera ita ce Camague ta 1975. Lousine mai kofa huɗu tare da wutan lantarki mai silin-8 an fara a 1977 kuma ya zama baje koli a Nunin Geneva. An gabatar da sabuwar silsilar Silver Spur/Spirit ga duniya a cikin 1982 kuma ta sami shahara sosai, musamman Spur, wacce aka santa a matsayin mafi kyawun mota a cikin jihohi. Kuma a cikin 1996, an fitar da ingantaccen sigar mai suna Flying Spur.