Bayani da ka'idar aiki na tsarin kula da kwanciyar hankali ESC
Birki na mota,  Kayan abin hawa

Bayani da ka'idar aiki na tsarin kula da kwanciyar hankali ESC

Tsarin kulawa da kwanciyar hankali na ESC shine tsarin tsaro mai amfani da lantarki, babban ma'anar shine don hana motar daga zamewa, ma'ana, don hana karkacewa daga yanayin da aka saita yayin saurin motsi. ESC yana da wani suna - “tsarin tsayayyen ƙarfi”. ESC yana tsaye ne don Ikon Karfafa Kayan Lantarki. Taimako na Stability Assist cikakken tsari ne wanda ya ƙunshi damar ABS da TCS. Bari muyi la'akari da ka'idar aiki da tsarin, manyan abubuwanda ke dauke dashi, da kuma bangarori masu kyau da mara kyau na aiki.

Yadda tsarin yake

Bari muyi la'akari da ka'idar aikin ESC ta amfani da misalin tsarin ESP (Tsarin Tsayayyar Lantarki) daga Bosch, wanda aka girka akan motoci tun 1995.

Abu mafi mahimmanci ga ESP shine ƙayyade daidai lokacin farawar yanayin rashin kulawa (gaggawa). Yayin tuƙi, tsarin daidaitawa yana ci gaba da kwatanta sigogin motsin abin hawa da ayyukan direba. Tsarin zai fara aiki idan ayyukan mutumin da ke bayan motar ya zama daban da ainihin abubuwan motsi na motar. Misali, kaifin juyawar sitiyari a babban kusurwa.

Tsarin aminci mai aiki na iya daidaita motsin abin hawa ta hanyoyi da yawa:

  • ta hanyar taka birkin wasu ƙafafun;
  • canji a cikin karfin injin inji;
  • canza kusurwar juyawa na ƙafafun gaba (idan an shigar da tsarin tuƙi mai aiki);
  • canji a cikin mataki na damping na mambobi na girgiza (idan an shigar da dakatarwar daidaitawa).

Tsarin kula da kwanciyar hankali baya barin abin hawa ya wuce ƙaddarar yanayin juyawa. Idan na'urori masu auna firikwensin sun gano mai ƙwanƙwasa, to ESP yana taka ƙafafun baya na baya kuma yana canza ƙarfin injin. Idan aka gano mai wuce gona da iri, tsarin zai taka birki na gaba kuma zai iya canza karfin.

Don birki ƙafafun, ESP yana amfani da tsarin ABS wanda aka ginata akansa. Zagayen aiki ya haɗa da matakai guda uku: ƙara matsi, riƙe matsa lamba, sauƙaƙa matsa lamba a cikin tsarin taka birki.

Ana canza karfin injin injin ta tsarin karfafawa mai karfi ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:

  • soke canjin kaya a cikin akwatin atomatik;
  • kuskuren man fetur;
  • canza lokacin ƙwanƙwasawa;
  • canza kusurwar bawul din motsa jiki;
  • misfire;
  • sake rarraba karfin juyi tare da igiyoyinsu (akan ababen hawa masu keken hawa-hawa).

Na'ura da manyan abubuwa

Tsarin kula da kwanciyar hankali haɗuwa ne da mafi sauki tsarin: ABS (yana hana birki kullewa), EBD (yana rarraba ƙarfin birki), EDS (ta hanyar lantarki ta kulle banbancin), TCS (yana hana juyawar taya).

Tsarin karfafawa na motsa jiki ya hada da saitin na'urori masu auna sigina, na'urar sarrafa wutar lantarki (ECU) da mai aiki - sashin lantarki.

Sensor suna lura da wasu sigogi na motsi na abin hawa kuma suna watsa su zuwa sashin kulawa. Tare da taimakon na'urori masu auna sigina, ESC yana kimanta ayyukan mutumin da ke bayan motar, kazalika da sigogin motsin mota.

Tsarin kula da kwanciyar hankali yana amfani da matsi na birki da firikwensin firikwensin sitiyari da sauya fitilar birki don kimanta halin tuki na mutum. Sigogin motsi na abin hawa suna sanya idanu ta hanyar na'urori masu auna sigina don ƙarfin birki, saurin dabaran, saurin kusurwa na abin hawa, hanzari da kuma hanzari kai tsaye.

Dangane da bayanan da aka karɓa daga na'urori masu auna sigina, sashin sarrafawa yana haifar da siginar sarrafawa don masu aiwatar da tsarin da ke ɓangaren ESC. An karɓi umarni daga ECU:

  • shigarwa da fitarwa anti-kulle braking tsarin bawul;
  • bawul masu matsin lamba da kwarjin sarrafa canjin bawul;
  • fitilun gargadi don ABS, ESP da tsarin birki.

Yayin aiki, ECU tana hulɗa tare da ƙungiyar sarrafa watsawar atomatik, da kuma naúrar sarrafa injin. Theungiyar sarrafawa ba kawai karɓar sigina daga waɗannan tsarin ba, amma kuma yana haifar da ayyukan sarrafawa don abubuwan su.

Kashe ESC

Idan tsayayyen tsarin karfafawa "ya tsoma baki" tare da direba yayin tuƙi, to ana iya kashe shi. Yawancin lokaci akwai maɓallin keɓewa akan dashboard don waɗannan dalilai. Ana bada shawara don musaki ESC a cikin waɗannan batutuwa masu zuwa:

  • lokacin amfani da karamin keken hawa (sitoway);
  • lokacin amfani da ƙafafu na diamita daban-daban;
  • lokacin tuki a kan ciyawa, kankara mara daidaita, kan hanya, yashi;
  • lokacin hawa tare da sarƙoƙin dusar ƙanƙara;
  • yayin rawar motar, wanda ke makale cikin dusar ƙanƙara / laka;
  • lokacin gwajin injin a kan tsayayyen tsayayye.

Fa'idodin tsarin da rashin amfani

Bari muyi la'akari da fa'idodi da fa'idodin amfani da tsarin karfafawa mai ƙarfi. ESC fa'idodi:

  • taimaka wajen kiyaye motar a cikin yanayin da aka ba ta;
  • yana hana motar juyawa;
  • gyaran jirgin kasa;
  • yana hana cin karo.

disadvantages:

  • esc yana buƙatar tawaya a wasu yanayi;
  • mara tasiri a babban gudu da ƙananan radiyo.

Aikace-aikacen

A Kanada, Amurka da ƙasashen Tarayyar Turai, tun daga 2011, an sanya tsarin kula da lafiyar abin hawa akan duk motocin fasinja. Lura cewa sunayen tsarin sun bambanta dangane da mai ƙira. Ana amfani da gajartar ESC akan motocin Kia, Hyundai, Honda; ESP (Tsarin Tsaro na Lantarki) - akan motoci da yawa a Turai da Amurka; VSC (Control Stability Control) akan motocin Toyota; Tsarin DSC (Dynamic Stability Control) akan Land Rover, BMW, motocin Jaguar.

Dynamic Stability Control kyakkyawar mataimaki ne a gefen titi, musamman ga direbobi marasa ƙwarewa. Kar ka manta cewa damar lantarki ma ba iyaka. Tsarin yana rage yiwuwar haɗari a lokuta da yawa, amma direba bazai taɓa yin taka tsantsan ba.

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