Gwajin tuƙi Opel don haɓaka injunan mai don Groupe PSA
Rukunin silinda hudu za su zo daga Rüsselsheim, tare da Faransanci da ke ɗaukar nauyin dizal.
Baya ga wutar lantarki, injunan konewa na cikin gida masu inganci da tattalin arziki suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen rage fitar da hayaki. Groupe PSA ita ce ke jagorantar masana'antar kera motoci wajen aiwatar da ƙa'idar ƙa'idar fitarwa ta Turai Euro 6d-TEMP, wanda ya haɗa da auna yawan hayaki na gaske lokacin tuƙi akan hanyoyin jama'a (Real Driving Emissions, RDE). Jimillar bambance-bambancen 79 sun riga sun yi biyayya ga ma'aunin fitarwa na Euro 6d-TEMP. Yuro 6d-TEMP mai yarda da man fetur, rukunin CNG da LPG za su kasance a duk faɗin Opel - daga ADAM, KARL da Corsa, Astra, Cascada da Insignia zuwa Mokka X, Crossland X, Grandland X da Zafira - da nau'ikan dizal masu dacewa.
Wani sabon tsarin dabarun rage fitar da hayaki ta hanyar tsarin zamani
A ka'ida, injunan dizal suna da ƙananan hayaki na CO2 kuma suna da abokantaka da mahalli daga wannan ra'ayi. Injin man dizal na zamani mai zuwa shima yana da ƙananan matakan NOx saboda tsarkakewar gas kuma suna biyan Euro 6d-TEMP. Haɗin hade-hade na hada mai hada abu / Sakarwa na NOx da Rage Sanadin Kayayyaki (SCR) yana tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin hayakin NOx mai yiwuwa don raka'a-silinda huɗu. Masu mallakan injina masu amfani da dizal ba sa bukatar damuwa game da hana su nan gaba. An riga an yi amfani da sabbin tubalan BlueHDi 1.5 da 2.0 a cikin sabon Opel Grandland X.
Sabuwar injin din dizal mai mai lita 100 mai cikakken zane na zamani ya fi injin da yake maye gurbinsa inganci. Opel yana ba da wannan rukunin tare da 1.5 kW / 96 hp. don Grandland X tare da watsa shirye-shiryen hanzari shida tare da Tsarin farawa / Tsayawa (amfani da mai: birane 130 l / 4.7 km, daga cikin gari 100-3.9 l / 3.8 km, haɗuwar haɗuwa 100-4.2 l / 4.1 km, 100- 110 g / km CO108). Matsakaicin karfin juzu'i shine 2 Nm a 300 rpm.
Kan silinda tare da kayan hada abubuwa masu hade da crankcase an yi su ne da gumin karfe mai nauyin nauyi, kuma bawul hudu na kowane silinda ana amfani da su ta hanyar kamfunan sama biyu. Tsarin allurar dogo na yau da kullun yana aiki a matsi har zuwa sandar 2,000 kuma yana da allura-ramuka takwas. Na'ura mai ƙarfin 96 kW / 130 hp sanye take da mabuyar lissafi mai turbocharger (VGT), sandunan da ke motsa ta da injin lantarki.
Don rage fitar da hayaki, tsarin tsabtace iskar gas, gami da hada abu da iska / NOx absorber, AdBlue injector, SCR mai kara kuzari da matatar mai ta dizal (DPF) an hade su wuri guda a karamar matattarar dake kusa da injin kamar yadda ya kamata. Mai lalata NOx yana aiki ne a matsayin mai haɓaka farkon fara sanyi, yana rage fitowar NOx a yanayin zafi ƙasa da iyakar amsar SCR. Godiya ga wannan sabuwar fasahar, motocin Opel masu amfani da sabon injin dizal lita 1.5 yanzu sun hadu da iyakokin tuki na haya na gaskiya (RDE) da 2020 ke bukata.
Haka yake tare da watsawa daga saman-karshen don Grandland X: turbodiesel lita 2.0 (mai mai1: birane 5.3-5.3 l / 100 km, karin birane 4.6-4.5 l / 100 km, haɗuwa zagaye 4.9-4.8 l / 100 km, 128 - 126 g / km CO2) yana da kayan aiki 130 kW / 177 hp. a 3,750 rpm kuma mafi karfin karfin 400 Nm a rpm 2,000. Yana hanzarta Grandland X daga sifili zuwa 100 km / h a cikin sakan 9.1 kuma yana da babban gudu na 214 km / h.
Duk da ingancin halayensa, injin din dizal na Grandland X 2.0 yana da inganci ƙwarai da hayakin da yake ƙasa da lita biyar. Kamar dizal lita 1.5, shima yana da ingantaccen tsarin tsabtace gas tare da haɗin mai ƙwanƙwasa NOx da allurar AdBlue (SCR, Zaɓin Katolika na Ragewa), wanda ke cire sinadarin nitrogen (NOx) daga gare su. Ana yin allurar urea mai ruwa-ruwa kuma yana aiki tare da nitrogen oxides a cikin SCR mai canzawa mai canzawa don samar da nitrogen da tururin ruwa.
Sabuwar hanyar watsa ta atomatik mai saurin takwas shima yana ba da gudummawa ga mahimman tanadi a amfani da mai. Bayan flagship Insignia, Grandland X shine samfurin Opel na biyu don fasalta irin wannan ingantaccen ingantaccen watsawar atomatik, tare da sababbin ƙirar da ke zuwa ba da daɗewa ba.
Groupe PSA PureTech 3 injin silinda uku mai-silinda ya kafa sabbin matakai
Babban aikin injunan mai turbocharged suna da mahimmanci don haɗawa lafiya kamar injinan lantarki, hybrids da dizel mai tsabta. Groupe PSA PureTech na'urorin mai suna kama da motocin zamani. Injin silinda mai girman aluminium mai girman gaske ya sami lambobin yabo na Injin guda hudu a jere, inda ya kafa ma'auni a cikin masana'antar kera motoci. Opel yana amfani da waɗannan raka'o'in lita 1.2 na tattalin arziki a cikin Crossland X, Grandland X da, a nan gaba, Combo da Combo Life. Don rage farashin kayan aiki, ana yin aikin samar da injin kusa da masana'antar mota. Saboda tsananin buƙata, ƙarfin samar da masana'antar Faransa Dorwin da Tremeri a cikin 2018 ya ninka sau biyu idan aka kwatanta da 2016. Bugu da kari, daga 2019 Groupe PSA zai samar da PureTech injuna a cikin Pacific yankin (Poland) da Szentgotthard (Hungary).
Yawancin injunan PureTech tuni sun cika Euro 6d-TEMP. Injinan allura kai tsaye suna sanye da ingantaccen tsarin tsabtace gas wanda ya haɗa da matattarar maɓalli, sabon nau'in mai jujjuyawar sarrafawa da ingantaccen sarrafa zafin jiki. Sabbin na'urori masu auna oxygen suna ba da damar cikakken binciken cakuda-iska. Ana ƙirƙirar ƙarshen ta allura kai tsaye a matsi har zuwa sandar 250.
Rikici na cikin gida a cikin injin silinda uku an rage girmansa don rage yawan amfani da mai. Injin PureTech yana da ɗan ƙaramin tsari a cikin ƙira kuma yana ɗaukar ƙaramin sarari a cikin abin hawa. Wannan yana bawa masu zane-zane ƙarin freedomancin kirkira, yayin haɓaka aerodynamics don haka amfani da mai.
Tushen injin mai na Opel Crossland X shine naúrar lita 1.2 tare da 60 kW / 81 hp. (amfani da mai1: birane 6.2 l / 100 km, daga cikin gari 4.4 l / 100 km, haɗe 5.1 l / 100 km, 117 g / km CO2). Mafi girma a cikin jeri shine 1.2 Turbo fetur na ingin kai tsaye tare da zaɓuɓɓukan watsawa guda biyu:
• Bambancin ECOTEC mai wadataccen tattalin arziki yana samuwa ta musamman tare da sauye-sauye-ingantaccen saurin turawa shida (amfani da mai1: 5.4 l / 100 km, daga cikin gari 4.3 l / 100 km, hade 4.7 l / 100 km, 107 g / km CO2) kuma yana da ƙarfin 81 kW / 110 hp.
• Turbo na 1.2 yana da iko iri ɗaya a haɗe tare da watsa atomatik mai saurin shida (amfani da mai1: birane 6.5-6.3 l / 100 km, ƙarin birane 4.8 l / 100 km, haɗuwa 5.4-5.3 l / 100 km, 123- 121 g / km CO2).
Duk injinan suna ba da 205 Nm na karfin wuta a 1,500 rpm, tare da ragowar kashi 95 cikin ɗari har zuwa iyakar zangon da ake amfani da shi sau 3,500. Tare da karfin juzu'i da yawa a cikin ƙaramin dubawa, Opel Crossland X yana ba da kwarin gwiwa da tattalin arziki.
Mafi karfi shine Turbo 1.2 tare da 96 kW / 130 hp, matsakaicin karfin iko na 230 Nm har ma a 1,750 rpm (amfani da mai 1: birane 6.2 l / 100 km, ƙarin birane 4.6 l / 100 km, haɗe 5.1 l / 100 km, 117 g / km CO2), wanda aka tsara don saurin watsa hannu shida. Tare da shi, Opel Crossland X yana saurin daga sifili zuwa 100 km / h a cikin sakan 9.9 kuma ya isa zuwa mafi sauri na 201 km / h.
Injin layin PureTech mai hawa uku yana da iko da Opel Grandland X. A wannan yanayin, sigar lita 1.2 na injin Injin kai tsaye na Turbo shima yana da 96 kW / 130 hp. (Amfani da mai 1.2 Turbo1: birane 6.4-6.1 l / 100 km, daga garin 4.9-4.7 l / 100 km, haɗuwa 5.5-5.2 l / 100 km, 127-120 g / km CO2). Wannan rukunin tsayayyen, wanda ke dauke da na'urar watsa labarai ta atomatik, yana tallata karamin SUV daga sifili zuwa 100 km / h a cikin sakan 10.9.
Sabbin injina masu hawa huɗu-silinda daga Rüsselsheim
Cibiyar Injiniyan Rüsselsheim za ta ɗauki alhakin duniya don haɓaka ƙarni na gaba na manyan injunan mai na gas don duk samfuran PSA Groupe (Peugeot, Citroën, Automobiles DS, Opel da Vauxhall). Za a inganta injinan silinda huɗu don yin aiki tare tare da injinan lantarki kuma za a yi amfani da su a cikin matattarar wutar lantarki. Ayyukan kasuwancin su zai fara a 2022.
Sabbin injina zasu yi amfani da duk nau'ikan kamfanin Groupe PSA a cikin China, Turai da Arewacin Amurka kuma zasu hadu da mizanin fitarwa na gaba a waɗannan kasuwannin. Unitsungiyoyin za a wadata su da ingantattun hanyoyin fasaha kamar su allurar mai kai tsaye, turbo caji da lokacin bawul na daidaitawa. Zasu kasance masu inganci sosai tare da ƙarancin amfani da mai da hayaƙin CO2.
"Rüsselsheim ya kasance yana da alhakin bunkasa injiniya a duniya tun lokacin da Opel ya kasance wani ɓangare na GM. Tare da haɓaka sabon ƙarni na injunan mai na silinda huɗu, za mu iya ƙara haɓaka ɗayan mahimman fannonin ƙwarewarmu. Rukunin alluran kai tsaye masu amfani da man fetur tare da fasahar matasan za su ƙarfafa matsayi mai ƙarfi na Groupe PSA wajen rage hayaƙin CO2,” in ji Christian Müller, manajan daraktan injiniya na Opel.
Opel da wutar lantarki
Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, Opel zai samar da injin lantarki. Ƙaddamar da kewayon samfurin Opel muhimmin abu ne na tsarin dabarun PACE! Ɗaya daga cikin manyan manufofin wannan shirin shine a kai gram 95 na CO2 iyakar fitar da Tarayyar Turai ke buƙata da 2020 da ba abokan ciniki motocin kore. Groupe PSA yana haɓaka ƙwarewar sa a cikin ƙananan fasahohin hayaki. Kamfanonin da Groupe PSA suka haɓaka za su ba wa samfuran Opel da Vauxhall damar samun ingantacciyar tsarin motsa wutar lantarki. Nan da 2024, duk motocin Opel/Vauxhall za su dogara ne akan waɗannan dandamali masu ƙarfi da yawa. Sabuwar CMP (Common Modular Platform) shine tushen duka na'urorin wutar lantarki na al'ada da motocin lantarki (daga birane zuwa SUVs). Bugu da kari, EMP2 (Efficient Modular Platform) shi ne tushen na gaba ƙarni na ciki konewa injuna da kuma toshe-in matasan motocin (SUVs, crossovers, ƙananan da babba matsakaici model). Wadannan dandamali suna ba da damar daidaitawa mai sauƙi a cikin haɓaka tsarin motsa jiki, la'akari da bukatun kasuwa na gaba.
Opel zai kasance da samfuran lantarki guda huɗu nan da shekara ta 2020, gami da Ampera-e, Grandland X a matsayin matattarar matattara da kuma Corsa mai zuwa tare da tutar lantarki mai tsabta. A matsayin mataki na gaba, duk motocin da ke kasuwar Turai za a sanya su wuta azaman tsarkakakken tuki na lantarki ko kuma a matsayin matattarar matattara, ban da samfuran masu amfani da mai. Don haka, Opel / Vauxhall zai zama jagora a rage raguwar fitar da abubuwa kuma zai zama cikakkiyar hanyar Turai ta 2024. Za'a fara amfani da wutan lantarki na motocin kasuwanci a cikin 2020 don biyan bukatun kwastomomi don buƙatun gaba a cikin birane.
Sabuwar Opel Corsa a matsayin motar lantarki duk a cikin 2020
Ofungiyar injiniyoyi a Rüsselsheim a halin yanzu tana ci gaba da haɓaka nau'ikan lantarki na sabon ƙarni Corsa, mai ƙarfin batir. Opel na iya dogaro da ƙwarewar kwarewa game da haɓaka motocin lantarki guda biyu: Ampera (wanda aka fara shi a 2009 Geneva Motor Show) da Ampera-e (Paris, 2016). Opel Ampera-e yana aiki cikakke don amfanin yau da kullun kuma yana saita mizani na kewayon har zuwa 520 kilomita bisa ga NEDC. Ko kayan aiki ne, software ko ƙirar batir, Groupe PSA yana darajar ƙwarewar Rüsselsheim. Sabon Corsa, gami da sigar lantarki, za a samar da shi ne a masana'antar Spanish da ke Zaragoza.
Shugaban Kamfanin na Opel Michael Lochscheler ya ce "Opel da sauran kamfanonin da suka hada da Groupe PSA za su sami mafita ga abokan cinikinsu a daidai lokacin." “Duk da haka, samar da motocin lantarki kadai ba zai wadatar ba don kara habaka ci gaban zirga-zirgar wutar lantarki. Duk masu shiga cikin tsarin ci gaban fasaha - masana'antu da gwamnatoci - yakamata su yi aiki tare ta wannan hanyar, ban da motoci, alal misali, don ƙirƙirar abubuwan more rayuwa bisa tashoshin caji. Rufe da'irar tsakanin motsi na gaba da makamashi mai sabuntawa kalubale ne da ke fuskantar al'umma gaba daya. A gefe guda, masu siye suna yanke shawarar abin da za su saya. Dole ne a yi la'akari da dukan kunshin kuma a yi musu aiki."
Motsin lantarki ya zama dole. Ga abokan ciniki, motar lantarki bai kamata ya haifar da damuwa ba kuma ya kamata ya zama mai sauƙi don tuki, kamar motar da injin konewa na ciki. Dangane da babban tsari mai fa'ida don haɓaka wutar lantarki, Groupe PSA yana haɓaka samfuran samfuran samfuran don biyan bukatun abokan ciniki a duk duniya. Ya haɗa da gina cikakken kewayon motocin lantarki masu amfani da baturi (BEVs) da masu haɗa nau'ikan toshe (PHEVs). Nan da 2021, kashi 50 na kewayon PSA na Groupe za su sami zaɓi na lantarki (BEV ko PHEV). Nan da 2023, wannan ƙimar za ta ƙaru zuwa kashi 80, kuma nan da 2025 zuwa kashi 100. Gabatarwar hybrids masu laushi za su fara a cikin 2022. Bugu da ƙari, Cibiyar Injiniya a Rüsselsheim tana aiki sosai a kan ƙwayoyin mai - don motocin lantarki da ke da nisan kusan kilomita 500, waɗanda za a iya cajin su a cikin ƙasa da minti uku (motocin lantarki, FCEV).
Don tunkarar ƙalubalen canjin makamashi cikin sauri, a ranar 1 ga Afrilu, 2018, Groupe PSA ta sanar da ƙirƙirar rukunin kasuwanci na LEV (Ƙaramar Motar Emission) tare da aikin haɓaka motocin lantarki. Wannan sashe, wanda Alexandre Ginar ke jagoranta, wanda ya haɗa da duk samfuran Groupe PSA da suka haɗa da Opel/Vauxhall, za su ɗauki alhakin ayyana da aiwatar da dabarun motocin lantarki na ƙungiyar, da kuma aiwatar da shi a samarwa da sabis a duk duniya. . Wannan muhimmin mataki ne na cimma burin ƙungiyar na haɓaka zaɓin lantarki don ɗaukacin samfuran samfuran nan da 2025. Tsarin yana farawa a cikin 2019.
Wani muhimmin abu dangane da cigaban motocin lantarki shine gaskiyar cewa za'a haɓaka su kuma a samar dasu a cikin Groupe PSA. Wannan ya shafi injinan lantarki da watsawa, wanda shine dalilin da yasa Groupe PSA, alal misali, ya kafa ƙawancen dabaru tare da Nidec ƙwararren injin wutan lantarki da mai watsa AISIN AW. Bugu da kari, an sanar da hadin gwiwa tare da Punch Powertrain kwanan nan wanda zai ba dukkan kamfanonin Groupe PSA damar yin amfani da tsarin e-DCT (Electrified Dual Clutch Transmission). Wannan zai ba da damar ƙarin zaɓuɓɓukan tuƙi da za a gabatar daga 2022: waɗanda ake kira DT2 matasan suna da haɗin keɓaɓɓen injin lantarki 48V kuma za a sami wadatattun matasan a nan gaba. Motar lantarki tana aiki azaman babban ƙarfin komputa ko mai dawo da kuzari yayin taka birki. DCT yana da nauyi sosai kuma yana da kaɗan, yana ba da haɓaka na musamman da ƙarancin farashi a farashin gasa.
