Mafi kyawun motoci a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata
Abubuwa
A cikin 1999, mujallar Technology International (UK) ta ba da sanarwar kafa lambar yabo ta duniya don mafi kyawun injin da aka samar a duniya. Binciken ya ta'allaka ne akan bita da sama da sanannun 'yan jaridar motoci 60 daga ko'ina cikin duniya suka bayar. Wannan shine yadda aka haifi kyautar Injin Injiniya na Duniya na shekara.
Bikin cika shekaru 20 da kafuwar gasar shine kyakkyawan biki don taƙaita manyan injina masu ban mamaki don kasancewar kasancewar kyautar (1999-2019). A cikin hotunan da ke ƙasa, zaku iya ganin wane gyare-gyare ne ya sanya shi saman 10.
Ya kamata a tuna cewa galibi ana ba da waɗannan kyaututtuka ga sababbin injina dangane da abubuwan da 'yan jarida suka fahimta ba wai gogewar masu motoci ba. A saboda wannan dalili, jeren ba ya ƙunshe da dukkanin raka'a waɗanda aka rarrabe ta hanyar amincin su da karkorsu.
10. Fiat Twin Air
Matsakaici na goma a cikin darajar an raba shi tsakanin raka'a uku. Ofayan waɗannan shine Fiat 0,875 lita TwinAir, wanda ya ci lambobin yabo huɗu a bikin na 2011, ciki har da Best Engine. Shugaban Jury Dean Slavnic ya kira shi "ɗayan mafi kyawun injuna a tarihi".
Fiungiyar Fiat tana ɗauke da tsarin lokaci mai canzawa ta amfani da mashinan ruwa. Asalin sa na asali ana samun sa a cikin Fiat Panda da 500, yana basu 60 horsepower.
Hakanan akwai bambance -bambancen turbocharged guda biyu tare da 80 da 105 horsepower. Ana amfani da su a samfura kamar Fiat 500L, Alfa Romeo MiTo da Lancia Ypsilon. Wannan injin kuma ya karɓi babbar lambar yabo ta Raoul Pitsch ta Jamus.
10. BMW N62 4.4 Valvetronic
Wannan kwalliyar V8 ta asali shine farkon injin ingila mai samar da kayan masarufi mai yawa kuma BMW 2002 ta farko tare da Valvetronic. A XNUMX, ta karɓi kyaututtukan IEY sau uku a shekara, gami da "Babban Injin Shekara".
An samo ire-irensa iri-iri a cikin 5-Series mai ƙarfi, 7-Series, X5, gaba dayan layin Alpina, da kuma masana'antun wasanni kamar Morgan da Wiesmann. Ofarfin raka'a ya fara daga 272 zuwa 530 horsepower.
Babbar fasahar sa ta sami yabo daga ƙasashen duniya, amma saboda ƙwarewar ƙirar ta, ba ɗaya daga cikin matattarar amintattun motoci bane. Muna ba da shawarar cewa masu siye da motocin da aka yi amfani da su yi hankali da wannan naúrar.
10. Kawasaki IMA 1.0
Gajarta don Integrated Motor Assist ita ce fasaha ta farko da aka samar da tarin jama'a na kamfanin Japan, wanda sanannen ƙirar waje Insight ya gabatar. Yana da gaske a layi daya matasan, amma tare da mabanbanta ra'ayi idan aka kwatanta da, a ce, Toyota Prius.
A cikin IMA, an sanya motar lantarki tsakanin injin konewa da watsawa don yin aiki azaman farawa, daidaita na'urar da ƙungiyar taimako kamar yadda ake buƙata.
Shekaru da yawa, ana amfani da wannan tsarin tare da injuna har zuwa lita 1,3. An shigar da shi a cikin nau'ikan Honda iri-iri - daga Insight, Freed Hybrid, CR-Z da Acura ILX Hybrid a Turai zuwa nau'ikan Jazz, Civic da Accord.
9. Toyota KR 1.0
A zahiri, wannan dangi mai raka'a uku na silinda tare da tubalan aluminium ba Toyota ta haɓaka shi ba, amma ta kamfaninsa na Daihatsu.
Fitarwa a cikin 2004, waɗannan injunan sun yi amfani da kawunan silinda masu sintiri na DOHC, allura mai yawan maki da bawul 4 a kowace silinda. Ofayan ƙarfinsu shine ƙananan nauyinsu mara nauyi - kilogram 69 kawai.
A cikin shekaru da yawa, an ƙirƙiri bambance -bambancen iri daban -daban na waɗannan injunan tare da ƙarfin ƙarfin 65 zuwa 98. An shigar da su a cikin ƙarni na farko da na biyu na Toyota Aygo / Citroen C1 / Peugeot 107, Toyota Yaris da iQ, a Daihatsu Cuore da Sirion, da kuma cikin Subaru Justy.
8. Mazda 13B-MSP Renesis
Dagewar da kamfanin na Japan ya yi wajen shigar da injinan Wankel, wanda ya ba da lasisi daga NSU a lokacin, ya sami lada da wannan babban zane mai suna 13B-MSP. A ciki, ƙoƙari na dogon lokaci don gyara manyan raunin irin wannan nau'in inji - yawan amfani da hayaki mai yawa - ya zama kamar ya ba da 'ya'ya.
Canjin asali zuwa sharar da yawa ya haɓaka ainihin matsi kuma tare da shi iko. Gabaɗaya, ƙwarewa ya haɓaka da kashi 49% bisa al'ummomin da suka gabata.
Mazda ya sanya wannan injin a cikin RX-8 kuma ya sami lambobin yabo guda uku tare da shi a cikin 2003, gami da mafi kyawun Injin na Shekara. Babban katin ƙaho shine ƙananan nauyinsa (112 kg a cikin ainihin sigar) da babban aiki - har zuwa 235 dawakai a cikin lita 1,3 kawai. Duk da haka, yana da wuya a kiyaye kuma tare da sassauƙan sawa.
7. BMW N54 3.0
Idan akwai wasu maganganun juriya game da BMW lita 4,4 lita V8, yana da wuya a ji mummunar kalma game da N54 layi-shida.
Wannan rukunin lita uku ya fito a cikin 2006 a cikin sifofi masu ƙarfi na jerin na uku (E90) kuma ya sami lambar Injin Injiniya ta Duniya na Shekara na shekaru biyar a jere. An sami irin wannan nasarar a kan takwaran Amurka Ward na Auto na shekaru uku a jere.
Tare da allurar kai tsaye da kuma sauƙin sarrafa camshaft mai sau biyu (VANOS), wannan shine farkon samar da injin BMW mai turbocharging. Shekaru goma an haɗa shi cikin komai: E90, E60, E82, E71, E89, E92, F01, sannan kuma, tare da ƙananan canje-canje, a layin Alpina.
6. BMW B38 1.5
BMW ita ce mafi kyawun kyauta a cikin shekaru ashirin na farko (Injin Duniya na Shekarar), kuma wannan baƙon da ba zato ba tsammani ya yi gagarumar gasa: injin turbo mai hawa uku tare da ƙarar lita 1,5, rabon matsi na 11: 1, allura kai tsaye, VANOS biyu da kuma samar da almara na farko a duniya. Nahiya.
Hakanan an ƙera shi don motocin tuƙi na gaba kamar su BMW 2 Series Active Tourer da MINI Hatch, da kuma ƙirar keken baya.
Amma babbar da'awar da ta shahara ta fito ne daga amfani na farko: a cikin matasan wasanni na i8, inda, a cikin fakiti tare da injin lantarki, ya ba da hanzarin da Lamborghini Gallardo ya taɓa samu.
5. Toyota 1NZ-FXE 1.5
Wannan sigar ta musamman ce ta NZ jerin injin ƙonewa na ciki tare da toshewar aluminum. An haɓaka ta musamman don motocin haɗin gwiwa, da farko don mashahurin Prius. Injin yana da matsakaicin matsin lamba na jiki na 13,0: 1, amma rufewar bawul din shan ruwa ya jinkirta, wanda ya haifar da matsi na ainihi zuwa 9,5: 1 kuma haifar da shi yayi aiki a wani abu kamar zagaye na Atkinson. Wannan yana rage iko da karfin juzu'i, amma yana ƙaruwa da inganci.
Yana da wannan bambancin tare da 77 hp. (5000 rpm), ya tsaya a ƙarƙashin murfin Prius MK1 da MK2 (ƙarni na uku an riga an riga an sanye shi da 2ZR-FXE), haɗin Yaris da wasu samfuran da dama tare da injin ƙone ciki na ciki.
4. VW 1.4 TFSI, TSI Twincharger
An dauki tushen wannan rukunin EA111. A karo na farko, an ji wani turbocharged gyara na ciki konewa engine a 2005 Frankfurt Motor Show. An yi amfani da shi azaman babban rukunin don Golf-5. Da farko, in-line hudu (lita 1,4) sun haɓaka 150 hp. kuma an sanye shi da tsarin Twincharger - kayan kwampreso tare da turbocharger. Rage matsuguni ya ba da tanadin man fetur mai mahimmanci yayin da iko ya kasance 14% sama da 2.0 FSI.
Wanda aka kera a Chemnitz, anyi amfani da wannan na'urar a cikin sigar iri daban-daban a kusan dukkanin samfuran da aka kera ta Jamus. Daga baya, sigar da ke da ragin ƙarfi ta bayyana, ba tare da kwampreso ba, amma tare da turbocharger da intercooler kawai. Hakanan ya kasance mai sau kilogiram 14.
3. BMW S54 3.2
Vungiyar wutar lantarki ta Bavaria lita 3,2 ta sami madaidaicin matsayi na uku a cikin manyan injunan ƙone ciki na cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata. Wannan injin shine sabon sauyi na ingantaccen S50 (wanda ake buƙata 6-Silinda TSI). Wasarshen ɓangaren an haɓaka musamman don ɗayan mashahuran wasan motsa jiki M3 (E46).
A saitunan masana'anta, wannan rukunin yana da halaye masu zuwa: 343 hp. a 7 rpm, matsakaicin karfin wuta Newton 900 kuma sauƙin haɓaka 365 rpm.
2. Hyundai Santa Fe 1.0 EcoBoost
Bayan wasu munanan maganganu na tweaks da hayaniya, dubban rahotanni na zafin rana da wasu fitinar kai, waɗannan injiniyoyin 3-cylinder suna da ɗan lalacewar suna.
Koyaya, fasahar EcoBoost kanta ba ta haifar da waɗannan matsalolin ba (wannan babban ci gaban injiniya ne). Yawancin matsalolin sun tashi ne saboda lahani a cikin tsarin sanyaya da sauran tsarin keɓaɓɓu.
Kamfanin Ford Europe ne ya haɓaka shi a Danton, UK, an gabatar da wannan ICE a cikin 2012. Tun daga lokacin farko, ya yi farin ciki da duk 'yan jaridu na motoci da masu sha'awar mota. A kan lita ɗaya na ƙarar, naúrar ta samar da ƙarfin gaske na 125 hp. Ba da daɗewa ba, sigar mai ƙarfi ta bayyana, wanda Fiesta Red Edition ta karɓa (ƙaramin injin ƙonawa na ciki ya haɓaka sojojin 140). Hakanan zaku same shi a cikin Mayar da hankali da C-Max. Tsakanin 2012 da 2014, ya kasance wanda ya lashe kyautar sau uku.
1. Ferrari F154 3.9
Cikakken "zakara" tsawon shekaru huɗu da suka gabata. Kamfanin kera motoci na Italiya ya sake shi a matsayin maye gurbin F120A (2,9 L). Sabon abu ya karɓi turbine biyu, tsarin allurar kai tsaye, rarraba gas mai canzawa, kuma camber ɗin 90 neо.
Ana amfani da shi a cikin bambance-bambancen daban-daban a cikin Ferrari California T, GTC4 Lusso, Portofino, Roma, 488 Pista, F8 Spider har ma da babbar fasahar Ferrari SF90 Stradale.
Hakanan zaku same shi a cikin manyan sifofi na Maserati Quattroporte da Levante. Yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da V6 mai ban sha'awa da Alfa Romeo Giulia Quadrifoglio yayi amfani da ita.
