Mahimman bincike na kwamfuta

Tare da bayyanar allura da injunan dizal masu sarrafa lantarki ta hanyar lantarki, ya zama zai yiwu a iya gano bangaren sarrafawa ta hanyar karanta kurakurai daga kwamfuta. Yawan karuwa kowane lokaci na nau'ikan sassan sarrafawa (tsarin sarrafa injiniya, watsawa, dakatarwa, ta'aziya), ana buƙatar buƙatar ƙididdigar kwamfuta, wanda zai nuna yiwuwar ɓarna a cikin mintina kaɗan.

Binciken kwastomomi na mota: menene shi

Kwamfuta diagnostic tsari ne da ya haɗa da haɗa na'urar daukar hotan takardu sanye da wani shiri na musamman wanda ke ƙayyade yanayin tsarin lantarki, kasancewar kurakurai da sauran bayanai masu yawa waɗanda ke nuna halayen motar a ainihin lokacin.

Unitsungiyoyin sarrafawa sun fara bayyana tun kafin injector, misali, yawancin carburetors da tsarin mai na nau'in "Jetronic" an sanye su da ECU mafi sauƙi, inda aka shimfiɗa tebura taswirar mai tare da takamaiman rabbai na cakuda-mai. Wannan ya sa rayuwa ta zama mafi sauƙi ga direba, tunda ba lallai bane ya daidaita carburetor koyaushe, tare da zaɓar jiragen sama, ƙari, ana samun wadataccen ilimin lantarki a cikin tsarin mai.

Sannan wani injector guda daya ya bayyana, wanda aka wadata shi da cikakken iko naúrar, amma tsarinsa ya kasance mai sauƙi cewa ECU ta ba da ƙaramin bayani game da yanayin injin ƙonewa na ciki da kuma tsarin mai saboda rashin na'urar firikwensin iska mai yawo (firikwensin iska mai auna iska), na'urar firikwensin oxygen, da kuma amfani da mai rarrabawa maimakon ƙirar wuta. 

Sakamakon ƙarshe, wanda har yanzu ana ci gaba da ingantawa har zuwa yau, shine allurar. Tsarin allurar mai ya ba da izini ba kawai don canza ma'auni na cakuda mai-iska ba, dangane da yanayin aiki na injin. Yanzu injin ECU, kafin fara injin ɗin, yana gudanar da bincike kansa da kansa kuma, lokacin da aka fara, akan allon kwamfutar akan allo ko alamar “Duba” yana nuna kurakurai ko rashin aiki. Ƙungiyoyin sarrafawa na ci gaba na iya cire kurakurai da kansu, amma sun kasance a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a kara nazarin yanayin injin da gaskiyar ingancin sabis.

Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, ana yin binciken kwastomomi akan dukkan na'urorin da ECU ke sarrafawa (kula da yanayi, tutar wutar lantarki, dakatar da aiki, watsawa ta atomatik ko akwatin gearbox, multimedia, tsarin sarrafa ta'aziyya, da sauransu.

Menene wannan don?

Binciken kwastomomi yana ba mu damar ƙayyade matsalar aikin lantarki ko sauran tsarin motar, godiya ga abin da muke samu:

• bayyanannen hoto game da yanayin fasaha na ɗaiɗaikun raka'a da tsarin;
• wani mummunan shirin shirya matsala, farawa daga sake saitin kurakurai;
• sarrafa kan aikin injiniya a ainihin lokacin;
• ikon canza wasu sigogi a ainihin lokacin.

Menene binciken kwastomomi na mota ya ƙunsa?

Da farko dai, binciken kwastomomi yana farawa da bincike don lalacewar waje, ko ta sautin juzu'i. Abu na gaba, na'urar daukar hotan takardu tana kunne, wanda ake buƙatar haɗa shi zuwa mahaɗin bincike wanda ke cikin gidan ƙarƙashin torpedo ko ƙarƙashin kaho. Bincike ya hada da matakai masu zuwa:

• karanta lambobin kuskure;
• analog rajistan shiga;
• nazarin bayanan da aka samu, sake saitin kurakurai da sake karantawa idan kurakurai sun sake bayyana.

Kayan aiki don binciken kwakwalwa

Akwai nau'ikan kayan aiki na musamman guda uku:

dillali - na'urar daukar hotan takardu ce wacce aka kera ta musamman don nau'in mota guda daya, an sanye shi da tashoshin sabis na duk dillalai na hukuma. Irin wannan kayan aiki yana ba da damar ba kawai don yin bincike daidai ba, har ma don ganin yiwuwar shiga tsakani a cikin raka'a mai sarrafawa, ainihin nisan mil, tarihin kuskure. Kayan aiki yana da mahimmanci, wanda ke nufin cewa ana gudanar da bincike da sauri da kuma daidai don ƙayyade rashin aiki, gyara aikin tsarin lantarki;

• Universal Scanner na'ura ce mai ɗaukuwa wacce take da ɗanɗano kuma mai sauƙin amfani. Na'urar tana nuna kurakurai, yana yiwuwa a cire su, duk da haka, aikin ba shi da faɗi sosai, amma farashin da aka yarda ya ba kowane mai mota damar samun irin wannan na'urar daukar hotan takardu;
• Multi-brand scanner - zai iya zama nau'i biyu: a cikin nau'i na kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, ko naúrar tare da kwamfutar hannu. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani dashi a tashoshin sabis daban-daban, saboda fa'idar aikinsa yana yin kashi 90% na ayyukan da suka dace. Dangane da alamar da farashi, yana yiwuwa a daidaita aikin sassan sarrafawa.

Ka tuna cewa don amfanin kanka, masu sikanin Bluetooth masu arha waɗanda suke haɗawa da wayoyin ku da ƙarancin nuna cikakkun bayanai game da yanayin fasahar motar, ya fi kyau girka kwamfutar da za ta kula da kusan dukkanin hanyoyin motar a ainihin lokacin.

Ire-iren binciken kwastomomi

Nau'ikan binciken kwastomomi sun banbanta a raka'a da majalisai, sune:

• engine - aiki marar ƙarfi, yawan amfani da man fetur, raguwar wutar lantarki, farawa ba zai yiwu ba;
• watsawa (watsawa ta atomatik, watsawar hannu) - jinkiri a cikin sauye-sauyen kayan aiki, ƙwanƙwasa lokacin motsi, ɗaya daga cikin gears ba ya kunna;
• chassis - rashin daidaituwa na roba, bugun dakatarwa, skew dakatarwa (nauyin numfashi), rashin isassun halayen rukunin ABS.

Hanyoyi don gudanar da bincike na kwamfuta

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa wanda zaku iya yin binciken lantarki:

• tashar sabis na musamman - akwai kayan aiki masu mahimmanci da takaddun shaida waɗanda zasu ba da cikakkun bayanai game da yanayin motar. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun masu bincike na lantarki suna da ƙwarewa sosai. Kudin duba injin ya dace;
• Binciken kan-site sabis ne da ba makawa ga waɗanda “maƙale” ke nesa da tashar sabis mafi kusa. Kwararru sun zo muku tare da kayan aikin da ake buƙata, wanda zai ƙayyade daidaitaccen aiki. Yana da matukar mahimmanci don yin odar irin wannan bincike a cikin manyan cibiyoyin sabis;
• bincikar kansa - yana ba ku damar tantance rashin aiki da kanku godiya ga amfani da na'urar daukar hotan takardu ta OBD-ll. Dangane da farashin na'urar daukar hotan takardu, an ƙayyade aikinsa, idan kuna buƙatar fiye da karantawa da share kurakurai kawai, irin wannan kayan aikin zai biya daga $ 200.

Matakan bincike

Matsayi na daya - kurakurai karatu. Haɗa zuwa mai haɗin bincike, ƙwararren yana karanta kurakuran kuskure daga kafofin watsa labarai na dijital. Wannan yana ba ku damar ƙayyade wurin rashin aiki, inda ake buƙatar ƙarin hankali, alal misali, idan kwamfutar ta nuna kuskure, ya kamata ku bincika kyandir, wayoyi BB, coils, injectors na man fetur, a cikin matsanancin yanayi, yin gwajin matsawa.

Mataki na biyu - gwajin analog. A wannan mataki, ana yin ƙarin duba na'urorin lantarki, wayoyi da masu haɗawa, a cikin yanayin bude ko gajere, ECU na iya nuna bayanan da ba daidai ba game da halin yanzu.

Mataki na Uku - nazarin bayanan da aka karɓa da kuma gyara matsala. A gaskiya ma, yana yiwuwa a kai tsaye magance wurin rashin nasara, bayan haka ana buƙatar wani haɗi zuwa kwamfutar, inda aka sake saita kurakurai kuma ana yin gwajin gwaji.

Yaushe za a bincika

Dalilan da ya sa ya kamata a yi binciken kwastomomi:

1. Rashin dacewar halayyar mota ko tsarinta yana da kyau a fili, ko kuma wasu naúrar sun ƙi aiki (injin ba ya farawa, watsawar atomatik ba ta canzawa, sashin ABS ba ya sake rarraba ƙoƙari daidai).
2. Siyan motar da aka yi amfani da ita. Anan zaku iya gano ainihin nisan miloli, tarihin kurakurai, kuma gabaɗaya ku kwatanta ainihin yanayin motar da tarihinta da abin da mai sayarwa ya faɗi.
3. Kuna tafiya mai nisa. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar rikitarwa masu rikitarwa, gami da binciken kwamfuta. Godiya ga wannan, zaku iya yin gyare-gyare na rigakafi, tare da ɗauke da ɓangarorin da ake buƙata waɗanda ake zargi da gazawar dab da zuwa.
4. Rigakafin. Yana da amfani don aiwatar da bincike don kowane kulawa, wanda a nan gaba zai adana kuɗi, kazalika da adana lokaci mai yawa, kawar da ayyukan kwatsam.

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Menene fasalin binciken kwamfuta na mota? Yana ba ku damar bincika software na sashin kula da abin hawa (ko ECU na duk tsarin) don kurakurai, ƙaddamar da su, sake saiti da kawar da rashin aikin lantarki.

Menene ya haɗa a cikin binciken kwamfuta? Nemo kurakurai, sake saita su. Ana aiwatar da ingantaccen kimanta lafiyar tsarin kan jirgin da tsarin lantarki na motar. Dangane da sakamakon, an ƙayyade aikin da ya kamata a yi.