Yadda za a warware alamar fitilun mota
Abubuwa
Tun farkon halittar motoci na farko, injiniyoyi suna tunanin haske a cikin dare. Tun daga wannan lokacin, nau'ikan autolamps da yawa sun bayyana don dalilai daban-daban. Don kada a rude da fahimtar halayensu, an fara amfani da zane na musamman ko alamomin fitilun mota. A cikin wannan labarin, zamu bincika waɗannan ƙididdiga dalla-dalla don mai motar ya yi kuskure tare da zaɓin.
Menene alamar fitilun mota
Daga alamun da ke jikin fitilar (ba mota kawai ba), direba na iya ganowa:
- nau'in tushe;
- ikon da aka ƙaddara;
- nau'in fitila (Haske, fil, gilashi, LED, da sauransu);
- yawan lambobi;
- siffar lissafi.
Duk waɗannan bayanan an ɓoye su a cikin darajar haruffa ko lambobi. Ana amfani da alama kai tsaye zuwa asalin ƙarfe, amma wani lokacin kuma ga kwan fitila na gilashi.
Hakanan akwai alama a kan fitilar motar don direba ya iya fahimtar wane irin fitila ne ya dace da tunani da tushe.
Dikodi mai na alama na autolamps
Kamar yadda aka ambata, alamar alama tana nuna sigogi daban-daban. Matsayin haruffa ko lambobi a cikin kirtani (a farkon ko a ƙarshen) shima yana da mahimmanci. Bari mu gano dabi'u ta hanyar rukuni.
Ta nau'in tushe
- P - flanged (a farkon alamar). Fushin yana gyara kwan fitila sosai a cikin fitilar fitila na mota, saboda haka irin wannan hular ita ce ta fi yawa a masana'antar kera motoci. Haskakawar haske ba ya ɓacewa. Akwai nau'ikan haɗin flange daban-daban dangane da masana'anta.
- B - bayoneti ko fil. Smooth cylindrical base, a gefunan wanda zoben karfe biyu sun bayyana don haɗi da chuck. Ana nuna alamun fil ta ƙarin alamu:
- BA - fil an samo su daidai;
- Tushe - sauyawa daga fil tare da radius da tsawo;
- BAY - fil ɗin suna a tsayi ɗaya, amma an sauya su ta hanyar radially.
Bayan haruffa, yawanci ana nuna diamita na girman tushe a cikin milimita.
- G - fitila tare da fil fil. Lambobin sadarwa a cikin hanyar fil suna fitowa daga tushe ko daga kwan fitila kanta.
- W - fitila mara tushe.
Idan ƙaddamarwa ta kasance a farkon alamar, to waɗannan ƙananan fitila ne masu ƙananan lantarki tare da tushen gilashi. Ana amfani dasu a cikin girma da haskaka ɗakuna.
- R - madaidaiciyar madaidaiciya tare da ƙananan diamita na 15 mm, kwan fitila - 19 mm.
- S ko SV - soffit autolamp tare da socles biyu a gefen. Waɗannan ƙananan kwararan fitila ne tare da lambobi biyu a ƙarshen. An yi amfani dashi don hasken haske.
- T - fitilar mota karama
Ta nau'ikan haske (wurin girkawa)
Dangane da wannan ma'aunin, ana iya raba nau'ikan tushen haske zuwa ƙungiyoyi da yawa bisa ga aikace-aikacen su. Yi la'akari a cikin tebur.
| Wurin aikace-aikace akan motar | Nau'in fitilar mota | Nau'in tushe |
| Hasken kai da hasken hazo | R2 | P45t |
| H1 | P14,5s ku | |
| H3 | PK22s | |
| H4 (kusa / nesa) | P43t | |
| H7 | Saukewa: PX26D | |
| H8 | Saukewa: PGJ19-1 | |
| H9 | Saukewa: PGJ19-5 | |
| H11 | Saukewa: PGJ19-2 | |
| H16 | Saukewa: PGJ19-3 | |
| H27W / 1 | PG13 | |
| H27W / 2 | Bayani na PGJ13 | |
| HB3 | P20d | |
| HB4 | P22d | |
| HB5 | PX29t | |
| Xenon hasken kai | D1R | Saukewa: PK32D-3 |
| D1S | Saukewa: PK32D-2 | |
| D2R | Saukewa: P32D-3 | |
| D2S | Saukewa: P32D-2 | |
| D3S | Saukewa: PK32D-5 | |
| D4R | Saukewa: P32D-6 | |
| D4S | Saukewa: P32D-5 | |
| Juya sigina, fitilun birki, wutan lantarki | P21 / 5W (P21 / 4W) | BAY15d |
| P21W | BA15s | |
| BA -21W | BAU15s / 19 | |
| Hasken fitila, alamun man hanya, fitilun faranti | W5W | W2.1 × 9.5d |
| Saukewa: T4W | BA9s / 14 | |
| R5W | BA15s / 19 | |
| H6W | Saukewa: PX26D | |
| Cikin gida da hasken wuta | 10W | SV8,5 T11x37 |
| C5W | SV8,5 / 8 | |
| R5W | BA15s / 19 | |
| W5W | W2.1 × 9.5d |
Ta yawan lambobin sadarwa
A ƙarshen alamar ko a tsakiya, zaka iya ganin ƙananan haruffa bayan nuna ƙarfin lantarki Misali: BA15s. A cikin dikodi mai, yana nufin cewa wannan maɓallin keɓaɓɓe ne tare da asalin fil mai daidaituwa, ƙarfin ƙarfin da aka ƙaddara na 15 W da lamba ɗaya. Harafin "s" a cikin wannan yanayin yana nuna lamba ɗaya da aka keɓe daga tushe. Akwai kuma:
- s daya ne;
- d - biyu;
- t - uku;
- q - hudu;
- p biyar ne.
Ana nuna wannan aikin koyaushe ta babban harafi.
Ta nau'in fitila
Halogen
Halogen kwararan fitila sun fi yawa a cikin mota. An girke su galibi a cikin fitilolin fitila. Wannan nau'in autolamps alama ce da harafin "H". Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban don "halogen" don tushe daban-daban kuma tare da iko daban-daban.
Xenon
Don xenon yayi dace da nadi D... Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka don DR (dogon zangon kawai), DC (kusa da iyaka kawai) da DCR (hanyoyi biyu). Babban zafin jiki mai haske da dumama yana buƙatar kayan aiki na musamman don shigar da irin fitilun saman, da ruwan tabarau. Hasken Xenon da farko bashi da hankali.
Hasken LED
Don diodes, ana amfani da taƙaitawa LED... Waɗannan sune tushen haske na tattalin arziki amma mai ƙarfi don kowane nau'in haske. Kwanan nan sun sami babban shahara.
Incandescent
Harafin haske ko Edison an nuna shi ta hanyar wasika "E”, Amma saboda rashin amincinsa an daina amfani dashi don hasken mota. Akwai wuri mai haske da filo na tungsten a cikin kwalbar. Ana amfani dashi ko'ina cikin rayuwar yau da kullun.
Yadda ake gano kwan fitila da ake buƙata ta hanyar alamomi a kan fitila ta fitila
Akwai alamun ba kawai a kan fitilar ba, har ma a kan fitila ta fitila. Daga gareta zaka iya gano wane irin kwan fitila ne za'a iya sanyawa. Bari muyi la'akari da wasu bayanan:
- HR - za'a iya sanya shi tare da fitilar halogen don katako mai haske kawai, HC - kawai don maƙwabta, haɗuwa UNHCR hadawa kusa / nesa.
- Alamun headlamp DCR nuna shigarwa na xenon autolamps don ƙananan katako, kuma DR - kawai mai nisa, DS - makwabcin kawai.
- Sauran zane-zane na nau'ikan hasken da aka fitar. Iya zama: L - lambar lasisin baya, A - haske biyu (girma ko gefe), S1, S2, S3 - hasken birki, B - fitilun hazo, RL - nadi don fitilun fitilu da sauransu.
Fahimtar lakabin ba shi da wahala kamar yadda yake gani. Ya isa sanin sanin alamun ko amfani da tebur don kwatancen. Ilimin sanya sunayen zai saukaka bincike kan abubuwan da ake so kuma zai taimaka wajen kafa nau'in autolamp da ya dace.
