Yaya aka tantance ajujuwan mota?

Kowane mai abin hawa ya ji kalmar "ajin mota", amma mutane kalilan ne suka san takamaiman abin da ake amfani da su don rarrabe motoci. Ya kamata a fayyace anan cewa ba muna magana ne game da halayen fasaha ko alatu ba, amma game da girma. Gaskiyar lamarin ita ce, manyan motocin mota irin su Mercedes-Benz da BMW, alal misali, galibi ana rarrabasu a matsayin manyan motoci, ba tare da la'akari da girman su ko ƙarfin su ba.

Rarraba Turai

Hanyar da Hukumar Tattalin Arziki ta Turai ta yi amfani da ita ta fi fahimta kuma saboda haka ta zama gama gari. A wata ma'anar, wannan ma'aunin ma sharaɗi ne, tunda yana dogara ne kawai ba akan girma da ƙarfi ba, amma kuma yana la'akari da kasuwar da ake niyya wacce motar ke fuskantar ta. Wannan, bi da bi, yana haifar da bambance-bambance tsakanin samfuran da kansu, wanda zai iya ba wasu mamaki.

Tsarin ya raba dukkan motocin zuwa nau'ikan masu zuwa:

• A (ƙaramar mota);
• B (ƙananan motoci, ƙaramin aji);
• C (matsakaiciyar motoci, wani lokacin shine "Golf Class", wanda aka san shi da sunan shahararren samfurin a wannan ɓangaren);
• D (manyan motoci, masu matsakaici);
• E (premium, matsakaici model);
• F (ajin alatu. Motoci an rarrabe su ta hanyar tsada mai tsada da haɓaka daɗi)

Hakanan tsarin yana rarraba SUVs, kananan motoci da motocin motsa jiki (mai ba da hanya mai canzawa). Koyaya, a cikin wannan har ila yau, babu iyakoki masu wuya, tunda ba ya ayyana takamaiman girma. Misalin wannan shine sabon ƙarni na zamani BMW 3-Series. Yana da tsawon 85 mm fiye da wakilan wannan ajin, kuma nisan da ke tsakanin layu ya ƙaru da 41 mm.

Wani misali shine Skoda Octavia. A ƙa'ida, wannan ƙirar tana cikin aji "C", amma ya fi girma fiye da madaidaitan wakilan sa. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka gabatar da ƙarin alamomi (ƙari da alama), kamar B + da C +, ga waɗannan motocin, waɗanda suka fi girma a cikin aji.

Cire Mercedes-Benz

A nan yana da daraja la'akari da cewa sigogi da aka karɓa a Turai ba su shafi samfurin Mercedes ba. Alal misali, azuzuwan A da B sun fada cikin rukuni "C", da samfurin C-Class - cikin "D". Samfurin kawai wanda yayi daidai a cikin aji shine E-Class.

Americanididdigar Amurkawa

Halin da ke ƙasar waje ya sha bamban da na Turai, kodayake akwai wasu mawuyacin hali. Har zuwa shekarun 80 na karnin da ya gabata, tazarar tazarar shine mahimmin ma'aunin ma'aunin mota.

A cikin 1985, duk da haka, wannan sigar ta canza. Tun daga wannan lokacin, ƙarar gidan ya zama ma'auni. Manufar ita ce, da farko dai, wannan ma'aunin ya gaya wa abokin harka yadda zai ji daɗin motar.

Don haka, rabe-raben Amurkawa kamar haka:

• Minicompacts (ƙaramin wakilai) tare da ƙarar gida har zuwa inci mai cubic 85, wanda ke nuni da Turai "A" da "B";
• Ƙananan motoci (85-99,9 cu.d.) suna kusa da nau'in Turai "C";
• Mota masu matsakaiciya (mita 110-119,9 mai siffar sukari) suna kusa da ajin D bisa tsarin Turai;
• Manyan ababen hawa ko manyan motoci masu girma (sama da 120 cc). Wannan rukunin ya hada da motoci masu kama da na Turai ko E ko F.

Sedan da keken hawa a Arewacin Amurka sun faɗa cikin wasu rukunan:

• karamin tashar motar (har zuwa taku'in kafa 130);
• matsakaiciyar keken hawa (ƙafa kamu 130-160);
• babbar tashar keken (sama da kafa 160).

Bugu da kari, wannan tsarin ya shafi dukkanin motocin hawa, wadanda aka kasu kashi-kashi, matsakaita da cikakken girman nau'ikan SUV.

Tsarin Japan

Nunin kwatankwacin yadda tsarin tsarin rarrabuwa ya dogara da ƙayyadaddun abubuwan hawa a cikin Japan. Misali na wannan shine "kei-car", wanda ya shahara musamman a cikin ƙasar.

Suna wakiltar keɓaɓɓen gurbi a cikin al'adun keɓaɓɓu na Japan. Girma da bayanai dalla-dalla na waɗannan motocin ana tsara su daidai gwargwadon harajin cikin gida da dokokin inshora.

An gabatar da sigogi na kei motoci a cikin 1949, kuma canji na ƙarshe ya faru a ranar 1 ga Oktoba, 1998. A karkashin sharuddan, irin wannan na'ura za a iya la'akari da abin hawa da tsawon har zuwa 3400 mm, nisa har zuwa 1480 mm da tsawo har zuwa 2000 mm. Injin na iya samun matsakaicin matsaya har zuwa 660 cc. cm da iko har zuwa 64 hp, kuma nauyin nauyin yana iyakance zuwa 350 kg.

A Japan, akwai ƙarin nau'ikan motoci guda biyu, amma komai ba a bayyane yake a wurin ba, kuma a wasu lokuta ana yin watsi da ƙa'idodin. Don ƙananan motoci, tsayin ba ya wuce 4700 mm, nisa har zuwa 1700 mm, kuma tsawo yana zuwa 2000 mm. Ƙarfin injin kada ya wuce lita 2,0. Manyan motoci suna cikin ajin abin hawa na al'ada.

Tsarin China

Sinawa kuma suna da nasu tsarin wanda Cibiyar Fasahar kera motoci ta China da Cibiyar Bincike (CATARC) ta haɓaka. Ya hada da:

• kananan motoci (tsayin su ya kai 4000 mm, watau yayi daidai da na Turai A da B);
• rukuni na A (jikin mutum biyu, tsayinsa daga 4000 zuwa 4500 mm da injin har zuwa lita 1,6);
• rukunin B (tsawonsa ya wuce 4500 mm kuma injin ya wuce lita 1,6);
• ababen hawa masu yawa (sama da layuka biyu na kujeru a cikin gida);
• motocin masu amfani da wasanni (crossovers da SUVs).

Idan aka ba da wannan bayanin, kafin siyan motar da ba ta nufin kasuwar gida, ya kamata ka bayyana abin da takunkumin ya shafi ɗaliban da suka dace. Wannan zai taimaka don kauce wa rashin fahimta yayin yin rijistar mota ko kuma biyan kudi fiye da kima don bayar da takaddun da suka dace.

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Чmenene ajin mota? Wannan rarrabuwar motoci ne bisa ga girman su, kasancewar wasu gyare-gyare a cikin tsarin ta'aziyya. Yana da al'ada don tsara aji mai haruffan Latin A-E.

Wadanne nau'ikan motoci ne kuma ta yaya suka bambanta? A - ƙananan mota, B - ƙananan mota, C - matsakaici, motar Turai, D - babbar motar iyali, E - ajin kasuwanci. Bambance-bambance a cikin girman da tsarin ta'aziyya.

Wace mota ce tafi ajin? Baya ga azuzuwan biyar, akwai kuma na shida - F. Duk motocin zartarwa nasa ne. An yi la'akari da wannan ajin a matsayin mafi girma, kuma samfurori na iya zama duka serial da na al'ada.