Yadda ake auna matse injin

Alamar matsawa na ƙungiyar silinda-piston tana ba ka damar sanin yanayin injin konewa na ciki ko kuma daidaikun abubuwanta. Mafi yawancin lokuta, ana maye gurbin wannan ma'aunin ne lokacin da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin ya ragu ko kuma lokacin da akwai matsaloli game da fara injin.

Bari muyi la'akari da waɗanne dalilai ne matsin lamba a cikin kwandunan zai iya sauka ko ma ya ɓace, yadda ake bincika wannan sigar, menene kayan aikin da ake buƙata don wannan, da kuma wasu ƙididdigar wannan hanyar.

Abin da ma'aunin matsawa ya nuna: babban rashin aiki

Kafin duba yadda za a auna matsi, kuna buƙatar fahimtar ma'anar kanta. Yana sau da yawa rikice tare da rabo matsawa. A zahiri, yanayin matsewa shi ne girman girman dukkan silinda zuwa ƙarar ɗakin matsewa (sararin da ke sama da fistan lokacin da yake saman matattu).

Wannan ƙima ce mai ɗorewa, kuma tana canzawa lokacin da sigogin silinda ko fiston suka canza (misali, lokacin da ake sauya piston daga wani abu mai maiko zuwa guda ɗaya, adadin matsi yana raguwa, tunda ƙarar ɗakin matsewar yana ƙaruwa). Kullum ana nuna shi ta wani ɓangare, misali 1:12.

Matsawa (wanda aka fassara shi daidai azaman ƙarshen ƙarfin bugun jini) yana nufin matsakaicin matsin lamba wanda fisitan ke ƙirƙirawa lokacin da ya isa tsakiyar cibiyar mutuwa a ƙarshen bugun matsawa (duka rufunan da shafunan an rufe su).

Matsawa ya dogara da yanayin matsewa, amma sigogi na biyu bai dogara da na farko ba. Adadin matsi a ƙarshen bugun matsawa kuma ya dogara da ƙarin abubuwan da za su iya kasancewa a yayin aunawar:

• matsin lamba a farkon bugun matsawa;
• yadda ake daidaita lokacin bawul;
• zafin jiki yayin awo;
• leaks a cikin silinda;
• saurin farawa crankshaft;
• mataccen baturi;
• yawan man da ya wuce kima a cikin silinda (tare da rukunin silinda da suka gaji);
• juriya a cikin bututun mai yawa;
• danko man injina.

Wasu injiniyoyi suna ƙoƙarin ƙara ƙarfin injina ta hanyar haɓaka yanayin matsewa. A zahiri, wannan aikin yana ɗan canza wannan yanayin ne kawai. Kuna iya karanta game da wasu hanyoyi don ƙara "dawakai" a injin. a cikin labarin daban.

Canza yanayin matsi

Menene matsa lamba a ƙarshen bugun matsawa ke shafar? Ga wasu 'yan dalilai:

1. Cold farawa injin. Wannan lamarin yana da mahimmanci musamman ga injunan dizal. A cikin su, ana kunna wutar mai-mai ta iska saboda yanayin zafin iska mai matse iska sosai. Ga rukunin mai, wannan ma'aunin yana da mahimmanci.
2. A wasu lokuta, raguwar matsewa yana haifar da ƙaruwar matsi na iskar gas. A sakamakon haka, yawan tururin mai ya koma cikin injin, wanda ke haifar da karuwar hayakin hayaki, da kuma tozarta dakin konewa.
3. Abubuwan hawa masu motsi. Tare da raguwar matsewa, amsar matatar injin ya sauka a bayyane, yawan mai ya karu, matakin mai a cikin matattarar ya sauka da sauri (idan mai mai ya zube ta cikin zoben man goge mai, mai ya kone, wanda ke tare da hayakin shudi daga bututun shaye shayen).

Babu ƙimar duniya don matsa lamba a ƙarshen bugun matsawa, saboda ya dogara da sigogin ƙarfin ƙarfin mutum. Dangane da wannan, ba shi yiwuwa a ambaci ƙimar matsi ta duniya ga dukkan sassan ƙarfin. Ana iya samun wannan matakan daga bayanan fasaha na abin hawa.

Lokacin da aka gano canji a cikin matsi yayin awo, wannan na iya nuna ayyukan rashin aiki kamar haka:

• Sanye pistons. Tunda waɗannan sassan an yi su ne da aluminium, za su tsufa a kan lokaci. Idan rami ya samu a cikin fistan (ya ƙone), matsawa a cikin wannan silinda zai iya raguwa sosai ko kuma a ɓace (ya dogara da girman ramin).
• Bawuloli masu ƙonewa Wannan yakan faru ne lokacin da aka saita wutar ba daidai ba. A wannan yanayin, konewar cakudadden man-iska yana faruwa ne lokacin da aka bude bawul din, wanda zai haifar da zafin jikin gefenta. Wani dalili na kujerar bawul ko ƙonewar poppet shine iska mai iska / mai. Rashin matsawa na iya zama saboda bawul din da ba zai zauna sosai ba (mara kyau). Wankewa tsakanin bawul din da wurin zama yana haifar da zubewar iskan gas, wanda ke haifar da fitar fistan da ƙarancin ƙarfi.
• Lalacewa ga gashin silinda. Idan da wani dalili sai ya fashe, gas din zai shiga wani bangare zuwa tsagwaron da zai biyo baya (matsin lamba a cikin silinda yana da girma, kuma tabbas zasu sami "mara karfi").
• Saka piston ring. Idan zobban suna cikin yanayi mai kyau, suna daidaita magudanar mai kuma rufe motsi da fiska. Sauran aikinsu shine canja wurin zafi daga fiska zuwa bangon silinda. Lokacin da aka kakkarye matattarar piston, iskar gas ta shiga cikin matattarar ta yadda ya kamata, maimakon a cire ta cikin tsarin shaye-shayen. Idan an sanya zobban mai yankan mai, mai mai zai shiga ɗakin konewa, wanda ke haifar da ƙara yawan mai.

Hakanan, yayin aunawa, yana da daraja a kula da gwargwadon yadda matsin lamba cikin silinda ya canza. Idan aikin ya nuna raguwar mai nuna alama a cikin dukkanin silinda, to wannan yana nuna lalacewar halitta ta ƙungiyar silinda-piston (ko wasu sassanta, misali, zobba).

Lokacin da matsin lamba a ƙarshen bugun matsawa na silinda ɗaya (ko da yawa) ya bambanta ƙwarai da matsawa a cikin wasu, to wannan yana nuna rashin aiki a cikin wannan naúrar. Daga cikin dalilan akwai:

• Valveone bawul;
• Sagging piston ring (makanikai kira shi "zobba makale");
• Noaruwa da bututun gas na silinda.

Kayan auna ma'aunin kai: compressometer da AGC

Ana aiwatar da ma'aunin matsi na injin don gano matsalar rashin aikin kai tsaye. Ana amfani da kayan aikin masu zuwa don cikakken ganewar asali:

• Matattarar komputa;
• Kwampreso;
• Mai nazarin matse silinda.

Matattarar komputa

Yana ba da izinin bincika kasafin kuɗi na matsayin CPG. Samfurin mai arha yakai kimanin $ 11. Ya isa aan ma'aunai. Versionarfin da yafi tsada yakai kimanin $ 25. Kayan aikin sa galibi ya haɗa da adaftan da yawa tare da hoses na tsayi daban-daban.

Yana da kyau a kula da gaskiyar cewa na'urar na iya zama tare da kulle zare, ko kuma tana iya dunƙulewa. A yanayi na farko, an dunƙule shi a cikin rami mai toshewa, wanda ke sauƙaƙe aikin kuma ya sa shi ya zama daidai (ƙananan keɓaɓɓun bayanan an cire su) Dole ne a ɗora bus ɗin roba na nau'ikan na'urori na biyu da ƙarfi kan ramin da ke cikin kyandir da kyau.

Wannan kayan aiki na al'ada ne matsa lamba tare da bawul na dubawa, wanda ke ba kawai ganin mai nuna alama ba, amma har ma don gyara shi na ɗan lokaci. Zai zama mai kyau cewa bawul din rajistan ya zama daban, kuma baya gamsuwa da wanda ma'aunin matsi yake sanye dashi. A wannan yanayin, daidaitattun ma'aunin zai kasance mafi girma.

Har ila yau, akwai na'urorin compressometers na lantarki. Wannan mai gwajin motsa jiki ne wanda ke ba ku damar auna ba kawai matsin lamba a cikin silinda ba, amma har ma yana canzawa a halin yanzu a farkon lokacin ɓoyewar motar. Ana amfani da waɗannan na'urori a tashoshin sabis na ƙwararru don zurfin binciken abin hawa.

Compressograph

Wannan sigar mafi tsada ce ta ma'aunin matsewa, wanda ba kawai yana auna matsin lamba a cikin silinda ba, amma kuma yana haifar da rahoto na zane don kowane kumburi. An rarraba wannan na'urar azaman kayan aikin sana'a. Kudinsa kusan $ 300.

Mai binciken binciken sililin

Wannan na'urar ba ta auna matsawar kanta ba, amma yanayin da ke cikin silinda. Yana ba ka damar tantance yanayin:

• silinda;
• pistons;
• piston zobe;
• shaye-shaye da shaye shaye;
• bawul din hatim (ko hatimin bawul);
• layi (sawa);
• piston zobe (coking);
• bawul na aikin rarraba gas.

Kayan aiki yana ba ka damar auna alamomi ba tare da rarraba injin ba.

Don bincika kai a gida, kwampreso na kasafin kuɗi ya isa. Idan ya nuna ƙaramin sakamako, to yana da kyau a tuntuɓi tashar sabis don ƙwararrun su gano matsalar kuma su aiwatar da gyaran da ya dace.

Ma'aunin matsi na injin mai da dizal

Matakan matsi akan injin mai da dizal sun bambanta. A farkon lamarin, aikin yafi sauki akan na biyu. Bambancin shine kamar haka.

Injin mai

Za a auna matsa lamba a cikin wannan yanayin ta cikin ramuka masu walƙiya. Matsawa ya fi sauƙi don auna a kanku idan akwai kyakkyawar dama ga kyandir. Don aikin, kwampreso na al'ada ya isa.

Injin Diesel

Cakuda-iskar da ke cikin wannan naurar tana kamawa bisa wata ka'ida ta daban: ba daga walƙiyar da kyandir ke fitarwa ba, amma daga zafin jikin iska wanda aka matse cikin silinda. Idan matsewa a cikin irin wannan injin din ya yi rauni, injin din ba zai iya farawa ba saboda ba a matsa iska da zafin wuta ba ta yadda mai zai kunna.

Ana yin ma'aunai tare da cirewar masu amfani da mai ko na haske (gwargwadon inda ya fi sauƙi zuwa da kuma shawarwarin mai kera wata motar). Wannan aikin yana buƙatar wasu ƙwarewa, don haka mai motar da injin dizal ya fi kyau tuntuɓar sabis.

Lokacin siyan matsi na matsi don irin wannan motar, kuna buƙatar ƙayyade a gaba yadda za a auna ma'aunin - ta ramin bututun ƙarfe ko toshe haske. Akwai adaftan daban don kowannensu.

Matakan matsewa a cikin injunan dizal ba sa buƙatar baƙin ciki a kan bututun gas, tunda a yawancin gyare-gyare babu bawul ɗin maƙura. Banda shine injin ƙonewa na ciki, a cikin yawancin abubuwan ci wanda aka sanya bawul na musamman.

Ka'idoji na asali

Kafin ɗaukar ma'aunai, ya kamata ku tuna da ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodi:

• Injin yana dumama har zuwa zafin jiki na digiri 60-80 (motar tana aiki har sai fankar ta kunna). Don bincika matsaloli yayin farawar "sanyi", fara auna matsewa a cikin injin sanyi (ma'ana, zafin jikin injin ƙonewa na ciki ya yi daidai da yanayin zafin jiki na iska), sannan kuma ya warke. Idan zobbayen suna "makale" ko kuma sassan rukunin silinda-piston din sun lalace sosai, to mai nuna alama a farkon "kan sanyi" zai zama kasa, kuma idan injin ya warke, matsin yakan tashi da raka'a da yawa.
• An cire tsarin mai. A kan injin carbureted, zaka iya cire bututun mai daga shigarwar shiga ka runtse shi a cikin kwandon da ba komai. Idan injin ƙonewa na ciki yana cikin injector, to zaku iya kashe wutar lantarki zuwa famfon mai. Kada mai ya shiga cikin silinda don hana shi wankin mai. Don rufe wadataccen mai zuwa injin dizal, zaka iya yin amfani da bawul din na lantarki a layin mai ko motsa babban famfo mai matso mai rufewa ƙasa.
• Bude duk kyandirori. Barin duk abubuwan walƙiya (banda silinda da ke ƙarƙashin gwaji) zai haifar da ƙarin juriya lokacin juyawa. crankshaft... Saboda wannan, za a yi ma'aunin matsi a hanyoyi daban-daban na juyawa na crankshaft.
• Cikakken cajin baturi. Idan an sake shi, to kowane juyawa na gaba na crankshaft zai faru a hankali. Saboda wannan, matsin ƙarshen kowane silinda zai zama daban.
• Don crankshaft a madaidaicin gudu a cikin bita, ana iya amfani da na'urori masu farawa.
• Tace iska dole ta kasance mai tsabta.
• A cikin injin mai, ana kashe tsarin ƙonewa don batirin baya cinye ƙarfi fiye da kima.
• Yarwa dole ne ya kasance a tsaka tsaki. Idan motar tana da watsa ta atomatik, to dole ne a zaba mai zaɓin zuwa matsayin P (filin ajiye motoci).

Tunda matsakaicin matsin lamba a cikin silinda na injin din diesel ya wuce sararin samaniya 20 (sau da yawa yakan kai 48.), Ana buƙatar ma'aunin matsin lamba mai dacewa don auna matsawa (ƙarar matsin lamba - galibi game da 60-70 ATM).

Akan man fetur da na dizal, ana auna matsewa ta hanyar crankshaft na tsawon dakika. Sakanni biyu na farko kibiyar akan ma'auni zata tashi, sannan ta tsaya. Wannan zai zama matsakaicin matsakaici a ƙarshen bugun matsawa. Kafin ka fara auna silinda na gaba, dole ne a sake saita ma'aunin matsa lamba.

Ba tare da damfara ba

Idan kayan aikin mai motar ba su da mitar matsi ta mutum, to, za ku iya bincika matsi ba tare da shi ba. Tabbas, wannan hanyar ba daidai ba ce, kuma wannan mai nuna alama ba za a dogara da shi don tantance yanayin injin ɗin ba. Maimakon haka, hanya ce don taimakawa tantance ko asarar ikon ta kasance sanadiyyar lalacewar mota ko a'a.

Don ƙayyade idan an samar da isasshen matsi a cikin silinda, toshe ɗaya toshe, kuma an saka wad a daga busassun jarida a wurinsa (rag gag ba ya aiki). Karkashin matsewar al`ada, lokacin da crankshasha ke cranks, babban gag ya kamata ya harba daga ramin toshewar walƙiya. Pop mai ƙarfi zai yi sauti.

Game da matsalolin matsi, wad ɗin zai yi tsalle daga rijiyar, amma ba za a sami auduga. Wannan hanya ya kamata a maimaita tare da kowane silinda daban. Idan a cikin ɗayan su gag ɗin ya fito ba "yadda ya kamata" ba, to ana buƙatar a kai motar zuwa mai tunowa.

Yin amfani da matattarar ma'aurata

A cikin sigar gargajiya, ana aiwatar da ma'aunin matsi a gida ta amfani da matattarar ma'aunin kwalliya. Don wannan, motar ta warmed. Sannan duk kyandir din ba a kwance ba, kuma a maimakon su, ta amfani da adaftan, an daba hose da aka haɗa da ma'aunin matsi a cikin kyandir da kyau (idan ana amfani da analog na matsi, to lallai ne a saka shi a cikin ramin sosai kuma a riƙe shi sosai yadda iska ba za ta fita daga silinda ba).

Mataimaki ya kamata ya dannata takalmin kamawa (don sauƙaƙawa ga mai farawa juya jujjuyawar) da maƙura (don buɗe maƙurar kwalliyar sosai). Kafin auna matsewar, mataimakan yayi kokarin kunna injin din don cire soka da adanawa daga silinda.

Farawa ya murɗe na kimanin daƙiƙa biyar. Yawancin lokaci wannan lokacin ya isa ga allurar ma'auni don tashi da daidaitawa.

Matsawa da maƙura

Matsayin bawul din motsawa yana canza yanayin matsewa, sabili da haka, don cikakken ganewar asali na rashin aiki, ana fara aiwatar da ma'aunin tare da maƙura a buɗe sosai, sannan tare da wanda aka rufe.

Rufe damper

A wannan halin, ƙaramin iska zai shiga cikin silinda. Matsan karshen zai yi kasa. Wannan binciken yana ba ku damar aiwatar da bincike mai kyau na laifofi. Wannan shine ƙananan matsawa tare da ruɓaɓɓen maƙura na iya sigina:

• Bawul makale;
• Worn fita cam camshaft;
• Ba matattarar bawul din wurin zama ba;
• Tsagewa a bangon silinda;
• Rushewar gasket na silinda.

Irin waɗannan matsalolin na iya faruwa sakamakon lalacewar halitta da hawaye na wasu ɓangarorin. Wasu lokuta irin wannan matsalar sakamakon sakamakon rashin ingancin ICE ne aka gyara.

Bude damper

A wannan yanayin, ƙarin iska zai shiga cikin silinda, don haka matsin lamba a ƙarshen bugun matsawar zai kasance mafi girma fiye da lokacin aunawa tare da rufin rufewa. Tare da ƙananan leaks, mai nuna alama ba zai bambanta da yawa ba. Dangane da wannan, irin wannan ganewar asali yana ba mutum damar sanin manyan lahani a cikin CPG. Matsaloli masu yuwuwa sun haɗa da:

• Fistan ya kone;
• Zobba suna coked;
• Bawul din ya kone ko kararsa ta lalace;
• Arya ya fashe ko nakasa;
• An kama kamuwa a kan madubin bangon silinda.

Dynamarfafawa na ƙara matsawa yana da mahimmanci. Idan yayi karami a matsewar farko, kuma yayi tsalle sosai a gaba, to wannan na iya nuna yiwuwar sanya zoben fistan.

A gefe guda, samar da kaifin matsa lamba a yayin matsewar farko, da kuma yayin matsewa na gaba, ba ya canzawa, na iya nuna take hakkin matattarar silinda ko bawul din. Zai yiwu a nuna kuskuren kawai tare da taimakon ƙarin bincike.

Idan mai motar ya yanke shawarar amfani da hanyoyin duka biyu na auna matsi, to ya kamata a fara aiwatar da aikin tare da buɗe bawul din maƙura. Don haka kuna buƙatar dunƙule a cikin kyandirori kuma bari motar ta gudana. Sa'an nan kuma an auna matsa lamba tare da rufe rufin.

Matakan matsawa tare da ƙarin mai zuwa silinda

Idan matsin lamba a cikin ɗayan silinda ya faɗi, za a iya amfani da wannan hanyar, wanda zai taimaka sosai don ƙayyade ainihin matsalar rashin aiki. Bayan an gano silinda "matsala", an zuba milimita 5-10 na mai mai tsafta tare da sirinji. Kuna buƙatar ƙoƙari don rarraba shi tare da bangon silinda, kuma kada ku zuba shi a kan kambin piston.

Larin lubrication zai ƙarfafa haɓakar mai. Idan ma'auni na biyu ya nuna ƙaruwa mai mahimmanci a matsewa (watakila ma ya fi ƙarfin matsa lamba a cikin wasu silinda), to wannan yana nuna matsala tare da zobba - suna makale, karye ko coked.

Idan matattarar matsewa bayan ƙara mai bai canza ba, amma ya kasance har yanzu yana ƙasa, to wannan yana nuna matsaloli tare da keta ƙaran bawul din (an ƙone shi, an daidaita ratayoyin ba daidai ba) Irin wannan tasirin yana faruwa ne ta lalacewar gasket na silinda, fashewa a cikin fisiton ko ƙone shi. A kowane hali, idan akwai rashin daidaituwa tsakanin karatun mita da bayanan a cikin takaddun fasaha na motar, dole ne ku tuntuɓi kwararrun.

Muna kimanta sakamakon da aka samu

Idan mai nuna matsa lamba a cikin silinda ya ɗan bambanta kaɗan (yaduwar alamomi a cikin yanayi ɗaya), to, mai yiwuwa, wannan yana nuna cewa ƙungiyar silinda-piston tana cikin yanayi mai kyau.

Wani lokaci a cikin silinda daban kwampreso yana nuna matsi fiye da na sauran. Wannan yana nuna matsalar aiki a cikin wannan kumburin. Misali, zoben mai goge mai yana malalar dan mai, wanda yake '' rufe matsalar ''. A wannan yanayin, za a sami santsin mai a kan wutan lantarki na kyandir (zaka iya karanta game da wasu nau'o'in toka akan kyandirori a nan).

Wasu masu ababen hawa suna ɗaukar matakan matsi akan injin mota, babur ko tarakta a bayan-baya domin yin lissafin lokacin da ya rage kafin sake fasalin ɓangaren wutar. A zahiri, wannan hanyar ba sanarwa bane.

Kuskuren dangi na irin wannan ganewar yana da girma don yanayin matsewa ya zama babban siga wanda zai ba ku damar kafa ainihin yanayin CPG. Additionalarin abubuwa da yawa sun rinjayi matsawa, nuna a farkon labarin... Halin jini na al'ada ba koyaushe yake nuna cewa CPH na al'ada bane.

Ruwa misali ne daya. Babban motar nisan miloli. Motar tana cikin haɗewa, matsi a ciki yana da kimanin MPA 1.2. Wannan shine ƙa'idar sabuwar motar. A lokaci guda, cin mai ya kai lita biyu a cikin kilomita 1. Wannan misalin yana nuna cewa ma'aunin matsi ba '' magani bane '' don magance duk matsalolin mashin. Maimakon haka, yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin da aka haɗa cikin cikakken binciken injiniya.

Kamar yadda kake gani, zaka iya bincika matsi a cikin silinda da kanka. Koyaya, wannan zai taimaka wajan gano ko da gaske motar tana buƙatar ɗaukar ta zuwa wajan tunani. Kwararru ne kawai zasu iya gudanar da bincike na injiniyoyi, kuma su tantance wane bangare ya kamata a canza.

Ma'aunin matsi don sanyi ko zafi

Ana auna ma'aunin matsi na injin dizal ta wata hanya daban, tunda wannan rukunin wutar yana aiki bisa wata ka'ida daban (iska da mai ana hada su kai tsaye a daidai lokacin da ake shigar da man dizal a cikin dakin, kuma saboda matsewar iska mai karfi , wannan cakuda yana ƙonewa kwatsam). Af, tunda iska a cikin silinda na injin dizal dole ne ya yi zafi daga matsewa, to matsawa a cikin irin wannan injin ɗin zai fi na analog ɗin mai.

Da farko, ana kashe bawul din da ke bude wadatar mai a cikin injin dizal. Hakanan ana iya rufe samar da mai ta hanyar matse lever cutoff da aka sanya akan famfon allura. Don ƙayyade matsawa a cikin irin wannan injin ɗin, ana amfani da mitar matsi na musamman. Yawancin samfuran dizal ba su da bawul din maƙura, don haka babu buƙatar danna feda mai hanzarin yayin awo. Idan har yanzu ana sanya dampati a cikin motar, to dole ne a tsabtace shi kafin ɗaukar awo.

Dangane da sakamakon, an ƙayyade yanayin ƙungiyar silinda-piston ɗin naúrar. Bugu da ƙari, ya zama dole a mai da hankali sosai ga bambanci tsakanin masu nuna alamun silinda fiye da matsakaicin matsin lamba a cikin injin ɗin duka. Har ila yau, ƙaddarar rigar CPG an ƙaddara ta la'akari da zafin zafin mai a cikin injin ƙonewa na ciki, iska mai shigowa, saurin juyawar crankshaft da sauran sigogi.

Yanayi mai mahimmanci wanda yakamata a kula dashi yayin auna matsawa, ba tare da la'akari da nau'in ƙarfin wutar ba, shine dumamar injin. Kafin haɗa kwampreso zuwa silinda, ya zama dole a kawo injin konewa na ciki zuwa zafin jiki na aiki. Wannan zai samar da tallafin mai daidai, kamar lokacin da motar ke motsi. Ainihin, ana kaiwa zafin jiki da ake buƙata a lokacin da fanfan tsarin sanyaya ke kunne (idan ma'aunin ma'aunin zafi da zafi na injin ba shi da lambobi, amma rarrabuwa ne kawai).

A kan injin mai, kamar a yanayin injin dizal, ya zama dole a rufe samar da mai. Ana iya yin hakan ta hanyar rage kuzarin samar da mai (wannan ya shafi injectors). Idan motar ta zama carbure, to an cire bututun mai daga carburetor, ana saukar da gefen kyauta cikin kwanten da ba komai. Dalilin wannan aikin shine cewa famfon mai a cikin irin wannan motar yana da injin inji kuma zai fitar da mai. Kafin haɗa kwampreso, ya zama dole a ƙone dukkan mai daga carburetor (bari inji ya ci gaba har sai injin ya tsaya).

Na gaba, DUK murhunan wuta ba a kwance ba (idan na'urar tana amfani da SZ na kowane ɗayan silinda). Idan ba a yi haka ba, to a yayin aikin, za su ƙone kawai. Hakanan, DUK matosai na walƙiya suna kwance daga silinda. An haɗa kwampreso zuwa kowane silinda bi da bi. Wajibi ne a crankshaft sau da yawa tare da mai farawa (har sai matsa lamba akan sikelin ya daina ƙaruwa). Ana kwatanta sakamakon tare da darajar masana'anta (ana nuna wannan bayanin a cikin umarnin don inji).

Akwai ra'ayoyi biyu masu sabanin ra'ayi tsakanin masu motoci game da lokacin da za'a gwada matsi: sanyi ko zafi. Dangane da wannan, mai nuna alama mafi dacewa zai zama ma'aunin da aka ɗauka bayan an zana abin hawa, tunda a cikin yanayin sanyi babu fim ɗin mai tsakanin zobba da bangon silinda. A dabi'a, a wannan yanayin, matsi na injin konewa na ciki zai zama ƙasa da bayan ɗumama ɗumi. Idan aka cire wannan "raunin", to lokacin da naúrar tayi zafi, sakamakon fadada zobe, madubin silinda zai lalace.

Amma lokacin da injin bai fara komai ba, to yakamata a bincika matsawa don mai sanyi don ganowa ko kawar da matsaloli tare da ƙungiyar piston silinda. A yayin aiwatar da wannan aikin, yakamata a tuna cewa ana ɗaukar awo a kan mai sanyi, saboda haka mai nuna alama ya zama ƙasa da wanda mai ƙira ya ƙayyade.

Wani abin la'akari don la'akari, ba tare da la'akari da lokacin da aka gwada matsawa ba, shine cajin baturi. Mai farawa dole ne ya samar da ƙwanƙwasa mai inganci, wanda zai iya ba da sakamako mara daidai akan bataccen matacce. Idan batirin yana "rayuwa kwanakinsa na ƙarshe", to yayin aikin auna matsawa, ana iya haɗa caja da tushen wuta.

Alamomin rage matsawa

Saboda raguwar yanayin matsewa, matsaloli masu zuwa tare da motar na iya faruwa:

• Motar ta rasa motsi. Shayewar iskar gas da kuma cakuda mai ƙona wani ɓangare suna shiga cikin matattarar injin ɗin. Saboda wannan, ba a tura fistan zuwa saman matacce da irin wannan karfi;
• Ana buƙatar canza man, koda lokacin da motar ba ta kula da nisan da aka tsara ba (mai shafawa ya zama ƙasa da ruwa kuma ya yi duhu yadda ya kamata). Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa wani adadi na cakuda mai yana shiga cikin tsarin shafawa, sannan daga baya mai ya ƙone da sauri;
• Amfani da mai ya ƙaru ƙwarai da gaske, amma direban bai canza yanayin tuki ba, kuma motar ba ta ɗaukar ƙarin kaya.

Idan aƙalla ɗayan alamun da aka lissafa ya bayyana, ba a ba da shawarar ci gaba da aiki da abin hawa har sai an kawar da dalilin waɗannan alamun. Na farko, ba daidai ba ne a tattalin arziki. Abu na biyu, saboda matsalolin da suka taso, ko ba jima ko ba jima, sauran abubuwan da suka shafi rukunin za su bayyana a hanya. Kuma wannan shima zai shafi kaurin jakar mai motar.

Dalilin raguwar matsewa a cikin silinda

Matsawa a cikin motar yana raguwa saboda dalilai masu zuwa:

• Saboda samuwar abubuwan ajiyar carbon a cikin sashin silinda da piston, suna zafin rana (musayar zafin ya fi muni), kuma a sakamakon wannan, konewar piston na iya faruwa ko kuma ajiyar carbon za ta karke madubin bangon silinda;
• Saboda rikicewar canja wurin zafi, fasa zai iya samuwa akan sassan CPG (tsananin zafi fiye da kima ba tare da sanyaya mai kyau ba);
• Noonewa daga fistan;
• Gashin gas din silinda ya kone;
• Bawul din ya lalace;
• Tace iska mai datti (madaidaicin ƙarar iska mai kyau ba a tsotsa cikin silinda, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ba a matsa cakudar mai da iska sosai).

Ba shi yiwuwa a tantance me yasa asarar matsewa ta faru, ta gani ba tare da rarraba motar ba. A saboda wannan dalili, raguwa mai yawa a cikin wannan alamar alama ce ta bincikowa da gyaran motar mai zuwa.

A ƙarshen bita, muna ba da gajeren bidiyo kan yadda ake auna matsawar injin ƙone ciki:

Rayuwa tana jin zafi idan matsi ba komai

Tambayoyi & Amsa:

Yadda ake auna matsi akan injin carburetor. Wannan zai buƙaci mataimaki. Yana zaune a cikin fasinjan fasinja, yana matukar damun ƙwallon mai hanzari kuma yana cusa mai farawa, kamar lokacin da ya fara rukunin wutar. Yawanci, wannan aikin yana buƙatar matsakaicin sakan biyar na fara aiki. Kibiyar matsin lamba akan kwampreso zata karu ahankali. Da zaran ya kai matsakaicin matsayi, ana ganin ma'aunai sun cika. Ana aiwatar da wannan aikin tare da kyandirorin da aka juya ciki. Ana maimaita matakai iri ɗaya akan kowane silinda.

Yadda ake bincika matsi akan injin allura. Mahimmin ƙa'idar bincika matsawa akan injector bai bambanta da aiki iri ɗaya ba tare da ƙungiyar carburetor. Amma a lokaci guda, kuna buƙatar la'akari da wasu nuances. Da farko, ya zama dole a kashe firikwensin crankshaft don kar a lalata tasirin ECU. Abu na biyu, ya zama dole a sake kuzarin famfon mai domin kar ya yi amfani da mai.

Yadda ake auna matse sanyi ko zafi. Matakan matsawa akan injin sanyi da zafi ba shi da bambanci. Iyakar ƙimar ƙima za a iya samu kawai a kan injin ƙone mai ciki. A wannan yanayin, tuni akwai fim ɗin mai akan bangon silinda, wanda ke tabbatar da matsakaicin matsakaici a cikin silinda. A kan na'urar ƙarfin sanyi, wannan mai nuna alama koyaushe ya kasance ƙasa da mai nuna alama ta mai sarrafa kansa.