Tarihin kamfanin mota na Mercedes-Benz

Tarihin shahararriyar alamar duniya ta fara haifuwarta ne sakamakon sake fasalin kamfanonin Jamus guda biyu. Bayan ɗan koma baya cikin tarihi, ɗan ƙasar Jamus mai ƙirƙira Benz ya sami izni ga 'ya'yansa, wanda ya kawo shaharar duniya kuma ya yi juyin juya hali a masana'antar kera motoci - mota ta farko da ke da rukunin wutar lantarki. A cikin wannan shekarar, wani injiniyan Jamus Gottlieb Daimler da Wilhelm Maybach suka kirkiro wani aikin, wannan wani aiki ne na kera injin.

Dukansu masu ƙirƙira sun ƙirƙira kamfanoni: Benz - mai suna Benz & Cie a 1883 a Mannheim, da Daimler - tare da alamar kasuwanci Daimler Motoren Gesellchaft (abbreviation DMG) a 1890. Dukansu sun ci gaba da kansu a cikin layi daya kuma a cikin 1901, a ƙarƙashin alamar "Mercedes" da aka kirkiro, Daimler ya samar da mota.

An sanya shahararren sunan bayan sunan 'yarsa, wanda ya kasance wakilin DMG a Faransa, bisa buƙatar wani hamshakin ɗan kasuwa, Emilia Jellinek. Wannan mutumin ya kasance mai saka jari a kamfanin, wanda a karshe ya bukaci a sanya shi a cikin shuwagabannin hukumar, kuma zai samu damar fitar da motoci zuwa wasu kasashen Turai.

Mota ta farko ita ce sananniyar Mercedes 35hp wacce aka tsara don tsere. Motar na iya zuwa saurin da ya kai kilomita 75 / h, wanda aka ɗauka wani abu mai ban mamaki a cikin waɗancan shekarun, injin mai-silinda huɗu tare da ƙarar kamu 5914. cm, kuma nauyin motar bai wuce 900 kg ba. Maybach yayi aiki akan ɓangaren ƙirar samfurin.

Daya daga cikin motocin farko da aka samar shine motar tsere wacce Maybach ta tsara. Jellinek ya kula da aikin ciki da waje. Wannan shine almara Mercedes Simplex 40px, wanda ke tsere kuma ya sami babban faɗi. Ganin wannan, Jellinek ya bayyana da gaba gaɗi cewa wannan shine farkon zamanin Mercedes.

Tunanin ci gaban Maybach, bayan barin sa kamfanin, ya ci gaba da kera motocin tsere har zuwa yakin duniya na XNUMX kuma an dauke shi mafi kyau, bari mu dauki motocin farko a cikin tseren.

1926 ya sami nasara ta hanyar sake fasalin kamfanonin da injiniyoyi suka kafa a cikin Daimler-Benz AG. Manajan farko na damuwa shine sanannen Ferdinand Porsche. Tare da taimakonsa, aikin da Daimler ya fara don haɓaka kwampreso don ƙara ƙarfin motar ya kammala.

Motocin da aka samar sakamakon hadewar kamfanonin biyu ana kiran su Mercedes-Benz don girmama Karl Benz.

Kamfanin ya haɓaka cikin saurin walƙiya, kuma ban da motoci, an samar da sassa don jiragen sama da jiragen ruwa.

Wani sanannen injiniya ya karɓi aikin daga Porsche yayin da yake yanke shawarar barin kamfanin.

Kamfanin ya mai da hankali kan tseren motoci. A lokacin mulkin kama-karya, Mercedes tare da swastika ya yi sarauta a Jamus.

Kamfanin ya kuma kera motocin alfarma ga gwamnati. Mercedes-Benz 630, wannan mai iya canzawa, ita ce motar farko ta Hitler. Kuma manyan darajõji na Reichstag sun fi son "supercars" Mercedes-Benz 770K.

Kamfanin ya kuma yi aiki a kan umarni ga rukunin sojoji, galibi motocin soja, manyan motoci da motoci.

Yaƙin ya bar babbar alama a kan samarwa, kusan ya lalata masana'antun, sake gininsu ya ɗauki lokaci mai yawa da ƙoƙari. Kuma tuni a cikin 1946, tare da sabbin rundunoni, samun ƙarfi da ƙaramin seda keɓaɓɓu tare da ƙaramar ƙaura da kuma rukunin ƙarfin 38-horsepower.

Manyan motocin limousines masu hannu da hannu sun fara samarwa bayan shekaru 50. Irin waɗannan limousines sau da yawa an inganta su.

Fitar da motoci zuwa kasashen Tarayyar Soviet ya kasance motocin fasinja 604, manyan motoci 20 da bas 7.

Kamfanin ya sake dawowa da wata sana'a mai cike da annashuwa wacce masana'antar kera motoci ta Japan ba ta ma iya ɗauka tun daga 80s, kawai ta matse shi a cikin kasuwa.

Kamfanin ya samar da motocin hanya da na wasanni. Mercedes-Benz W196, a matsayin motar motsa jiki da ta sami lambobin yabo da yawa na kyaututtuka, ta daina zama jagorar tsere bayan bala'in da ke tattare da mutuwar shahararren mai tseren nan Pierre Levegh.

Ƙarshen 50s yana da alamar ci gaba na ƙwararrun ƙira tare da cikakkun bayanai na abubuwan ƙirar jiki. Lalacewar layin, sararin ciki da sauran abubuwa da yawa da ake kira waɗannan samfuran "fins", waɗanda aka aro daga motocin kamfanonin Amurka.

Za'a iya buga cikakken juzu'i don lissafa duk samfuran kamfanin daki-daki.

A cikin 1999, kamfanin ya sami kamfanin gyara AMG. Wannan sayayyar ta taka rawar gani yayin da kamfanin ke aiki tare da manyan motocin wasanni.

Zamanin sabon karni yana da alaƙa da rassa cikin aji.

Haɗin haɗin kai ya wanzu har zuwa 1998, irin wannan adadin lokacin wanzuwa yana kasancewa ne kawai a cikin wannan ƙungiyar.

Har zuwa yau, kamfanin yana tsara samfuran da ba zai dace da muhalli ba wanda zai shahara ba kawai don ta'aziyya ba, har ma don kula da yanayin ɗabi'a a cikin duniya, ɗayan batutuwan fifiko na duniyar yau.

Mercedes-Benz ya kasance babban sahun gaba a masana'antar kera motoci.

Wadanda suka kafa

Daga sama, mun yanke shawarar cewa wadanda suka kafa kamfanin sune "manyan injiniya uku": Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler da Wilhelm Maybach. Yi la'akari da taƙaice tarihin rayuwar kowane daban.

An haifi Karl Benz a ranar 25 ga Nuwamba, 1844 a Mühlburg a cikin dangin mashin. Daga shekarar 1853 ya yi karatu a kwalejin kere-kere, sannan a 1860 a jami’ar Polytechnic, kwararre kan fannin kere-kere. Bayan kammala karatunsa, ya sami aiki a injiniyan injiniya wanda nan da nan ya bar aikin.

Sannan yayi aiki na kimanin shekaru 5 a masana'antu a matsayin injiniya da zane.

A cikin 1871, tare da wani aboki, ya buɗe nasa bita, ƙwararre kan kayan aiki da kayan ƙarfe.

Benz yana da sha'awar ra'ayin injunan konewa na ciki, kuma wannan babban mataki ne a cikin aikinsa.

1878 yayi alama lasisinsa don injin mai, kuma 1882 ya ƙirƙiri kamfanin haɗin gwiwar Benz & Cie. Manufarta ta asali ita ce samar da rukunin wutar mai.

Benz ya ƙera babur mai taya uku tare da injin mai sau huɗu. Sakamakon karshe an gabatar da shi a cikin 1885 kuma ya tafi wurin baje koli a Faris da sunan Motorvagen, kuma aka fara siyarwa a cikin 1888. Sannan Benz ya kera wasu motoci da yawa a cikin kankanin lokaci.

A 1897 ya halitta "contra engine", sanannen engine, wanda yana da wani a kwance tsari na 2 cylinders.

A cikin 1914, Benz ya sami digirin girmamawa daga Jami'ar Fasaha.

1926 Haɗe da DMG.

Mai kirkirar ya mutu ne a ranar 4 ga Afrilu, 1929 a Ladenburg.

A lokacin bazara na 1834, an halicci mahaliccin DMG, Gottlieb Daimler a Schorndorf.

A cikin 1847, bayan makaranta, ya kera makamai ta hanyar zama a cikin bita.

Daga 1857 ya sami horo a Kwalejin Kimiyya da Fasaha.

A cikin 1863 ya sami aiki a Bruderhouse, wani kamfani da ke ba da aiki ga marayu da nakasassu. A nan ne ya sadu da Wilhelm Maybach wanda ya bude kamfani tare da shi a nan gaba.

A 1869 ya fara aiki a masana'antar kera injina, kuma a 1872 aka daukaka shi zuwa darektan fasaha don tsara injunan ƙone ciki. Maybach, wanda ya zo wurin da shuka ba da daɗewa ba, ya ɗauki matsayin babban mai tsara zane.

A cikin 1880, injiniyoyin biyu sun bar masana'antar kuma sun yanke shawarar komawa Stuttgart, inda aka fara tunanin fara kasuwancin su. Kuma a karshen shekarar 1885 sun kirkiri injin kuma sun kirkiri kwalliya.

Dangane da injin din, an fara kirkirar babur, kuma daga baya sai ma'aikata masu kafa huɗu.

1889 ya kasance yana da kirkirar motar farko mai kama da abin hawa kuma a cikin shekarar ne ta fara bayyana a baje kolin Paris.

A cikin 1890, tare da taimakon Maybach, Daimler ya shirya kamfanin DMG, wanda farko ya ƙware a samar da injuna, amma a 1891 Maybach ya bar kamfanin tare da taimakonsa, kuma a cikin 1893 Daimler ya tafi.

Gottlieb Daimler ya mutu ranar 6 ga Maris, 1900 a Stuttgart yana da shekara 65.

An haifi Wilhelm Maybach a cikin hunturu na 1846 a Heilbronn ga dangin masassaƙa. Uwa da uba sun rasu a lokacin da Maybach take karama. An canza shi zuwa "Bruderhouse" da aka sani don ilimi, inda ya sadu da abokin tarayya na gaba. (A cikin tarihin da ke sama, an riga an ambata mahimman bayanai game da Maybach daga saduwa da Daimler).

Bayan ya bar DMG, Maybach, bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci, ya ƙirƙira kamfanin kera injina, kuma daga 1919 ya kera motoci a ƙarƙashin nasa na Maybach.

Babban injiniyan ya mutu a ranar 29 ga Disamba, 1929 yana da shekara 83.

Don manyan ƙwarewarsa da nasarori a aikin injiniya, an ɗaukaka shi a matsayin "sarkin zane".

Alamar

"Kowane abu mai ban sha'awa yana da sauƙi" wannan credo ya bar alamarsa a kan alamar, wanda siffofi na ladabi da minimalism suna haɗuwa.

Alamar Mercedes tauraruwa ce mai kusurwa uku, mai nuna iko duka-zagaye.

Da farko, tambarin yana da zane daban. Tsakanin 1902 da 1909, alamar ta ƙunshi rubutu tare da kalmar Mercedes a cikin oval mai duhu.

Bugu da ari, tambarin ya dauki sifa ta zamani ta tauraruwa mai yatsu uku da kalar zinare, an yi ta da farin fari.

Bayan haka, alamar tauraron ta kasance, amma a cikin raguwar bambanci, kawai asalin da aka samo shi ne ya canza.

Tun daga 1933, tambarin ya ɗan canza tsarinta, kasancewar ya zo da tsari mai kyau da kuma ƙaramar hanya.

Tun daga 1989, tauraron da abin da ke kewaye da shi ya zama mai yawan gaske kuma yana da launin azurfa, amma tun daga 2010 an cire ƙarar tauraron, kawai sikelin launin toka-azurfa ne ya rage.

Tarihin motocin Mercedes-Benz

Mota ta farko sanye take da tauraruwa mai kusurwa uku ta bayyana a duniya a shekarar 1901. Motar wasanni ce ta Mercedes wacce Maybach ya tsara. Motar tana da halaye masu mahimmanci da yawa a wancan zamanin, injin ɗin yana da silinda huɗu, kuma ƙarfin ya kasance 35 hp. Injin ya kasance a gaban ƙarkon murfin tare da lagireto, kuma motar ta gudana ta cikin akwatin gear. Wannan samfurin tsere yana da wurare biyu, wanda ba da daɗewa ba ya nuna kansa da kyau, ya zama sananne a duk duniya. Bayan haɓakawa, motar ta haɓaka zuwa 75 km / h. Wannan ƙirar ta kafa harsashi don samar da samfuran Mercedes Simplex na gaba.

Serial "60PS" ya tsaya a fili tare da ikon naúrar 9235 cc da gudun 90 km / h.

Kafin yakin, an samar da motoci masu yawa na fasinja, Mercedes Knight ya cancanci babban shahararsa - samfurin alatu wanda ke da rufaffiyar jiki da na'urar wutar lantarki marar amfani.

"2B / 95PS" - daya daga cikin na farko-haife bayan yakin, sanye take da wani 6-Silinda engine.

Tun daga 1924, an ƙaddamar da jerin keɓaɓɓu na Mercedes-Benz Nau'in 630 tare da injin din-silinda 6 da kuma ƙarfin nasara na 140 hp.

"Tarkon Mutuwa" ko samfurin 24, 110, 160 PS, ya ga duniya a 1926. Ta sami wannan sunan saboda gudunta har zuwa 145 km / h, kuma injin ya kasance 6240 cc Silinda.

A cikin 1928, lokacin da Porsche ya bar kamfanin, an saki sabbin motocin fasinja a matsayin Mannheim 370 tare da injin 6-cylinder da ƙarar lita 3.7 da ƙarancin samfuri mai ƙarfi tare da rukunin wutar lantarki mai cylinder takwas tare da ƙarar lita 4.9, wanda shine Nurburg 500.

A 1930, Mercedes-Benz 770 ya zo daga taron line, shi kuma ake kira "babban Mercedes" da 200 horsepower 8-Silinda ikon naúrar.

1931 shekara ce mai albarka don ƙirƙirar samfuran ƙananan motoci. model "Mercedes 1170" ya zama sananne ga m engine for 6 cylinders da 1692 cc da kuma samar da biyu gaban ƙafafun tare da zaman kanta dakatar. Kuma a shekarar 1933, an samar da wani tandem na fasinja mota "Mercedes 200" da kuma racing "Mercedes 380" tare da iko injuna 2.0- da 3.8 lita. A karshe model ya zama uwa ga halittar "Mercedes 500K" a 1934. Motar dauke da wani 5 lita engine, wanda shi ne kaka na "Mercedes-Benz 540K" a 1936.

A cikin lokacin 1934-1936, "haske" model "Mercedes 130" bar taron line tare da hudu-Silinda 26-horsepower naúrar, wanda aka located a baya tare da wani aiki girma na 1308 cc. Wannan motar ta bi ta ne da wata mota kirar Mercedes 170 mai dauke da jikin sedan. An kuma ƙirƙiri ƙarin sigar kasafin kuɗi na Mercedes 170V tare da injin silinda huɗu. Na farko samar da mota tare da dizal engine aka gabatar zuwa karshen 1926, shi ne almara "Mercedes 260D".

A shekarar 1946, an harba mota kirar "Mercedes 170U" da aka kera kafin yakin, wanda ba da dadewa ba ya inganta da injin dizal a tsarin zamani. Har ila yau, ya sami shahararsa "Mercedes 180" 1943 saki tare da wani sabon sabon jiki zane.

Daga cikin motocin wasanni akwai kuma adadin ƙari: a cikin 1951 an sake fitar da samfurin "Mercedes 300S" tare da injin 6-Silinda kuma sanye take da camshaft na sama, da kuma sanannen "Mercedes 300SL" a 1954, yana samun karbuwa saboda shahararsa. zuwa zanen ƙofofin da aka siffa kamar fiffike na tsuntsu.

1955 ya ga sakin kasafin kuɗi m mai iya canzawa "Mercedes 190SL" tare da rukunin wutar lantarki mai silinda huɗu da ƙira mai ban sha'awa.

Model 220, 220S, 220SE sun ƙirƙiri dangi masu matsakaicin matsakaici kuma an ƙirƙira su a cikin 1959 kuma suna da ƙimar fasaha mai ƙarfi. Dakatarwar mai zaman kansa akan ƙafafu 4, ƙarancin jiki tare da kwalliya da fitilun wuta da sikelin ɗakunan kaya sun haifar da shaharar wannan jerin.

1963 ya samar da samfurin Mercedes 600, wanda zai iya kaiwa gudun har zuwa 204 km / h. Kunshin ya hada da injin V8 mai karfin 250 hp, akwatin gear mai sauri hudu.

A cikin 1968, an gabatar da samfuran matsakaiciyar zango W114 da W115 ga duniya.

A cikin 1972 an haifi aji S a cikin sabon ƙarni. Wanda aka kirkira ta W116, wanda ya shahara saboda shine farkon birki na taka birki, kuma a 1979, W126 mai neman sauyi, wanda Bruno Sacco ya tsara, zai fara.

Jerin 460 ya ƙunshi motocin da ke kan hanya, wanda farkon sa ya ga duniya a cikin 1980.

Farkon wasan motsa jiki na juyin juya hali ya faru a cikin 1996 kuma yana cikin rukunin SLK. Wani fasalin motar, ban da halaye na fasaha, ya kasance mai canzawa zuwa sama, wanda aka sake zamewa cikin akwatin.

A shekarar 1999, an gabatar da shahararriyar motar motsa jiki mai hawa biyu da ke shiga cikin tseren F 1. Ita ce Mercedes Vision SLA Concept, kuma a shekarar 2000, wani karin haske a tsakanin SUVs, daya daga cikin shahararrun samfuran da aka samar shi ne ajin GL tare da karfin mutane 9.