Tarihin Ford mota iri

Abubuwa

Tarihin Ford
Masu mallaka da gudanarwa
Shafin
Ayyuka
Ayyuka

Daya daga cikin shahararrun kamfanonin mota shine Ford Motors. Hedikwatar kamfanin tana kusa da Detroit, birnin masu motoci - Dearborn. A lokacin wasu lokutan tarihi, wannan babbar damuwar ta mallaki samfura kamar su Mercury, Lincoln, Jaguar, Aston Martin, da sauran su.Kamfani yana aikin kera motoci, manyan motoci da motocin aikin gona.

Koyi labarin yadda fadowa daga doki ya zama silar haɓaka ilimi da haɓakar fashewar titanium a masana'antar kera motoci.

Tarihin Ford

Yana aiki a gonar mahaifinsa, wani baƙon ɗan Irish ya faɗi daga kan dokinsa. A wannan ranar a cikin 1872, wani tunani ya fantsama cikin tunanin Henry Ford: ta yaya yake son samun abin hawa wanda zai fi aminci da aminci fiye da kwatancen da aka zana doki.

Wannan mai goyon baya, tare da abokansa 11, suna tara kuɗi mai yawa ta waɗancan ƙa'idodin - dala dubu 28 (yawancin masu kuɗin nan 5 ne suka ba da kuɗin don ba da ra'ayin). Tare da waɗannan kuɗin, sun sami ƙaramin masana'antar masana'antu. Wannan taron ya faru ne a ranar 16.06.1903/XNUMX/XNUMX.

Ya kamata a lura cewa Ford ita ce kamfanin kera motoci na farko a duniya don aiwatar da ƙa'idar layin haɗin motoci. Koyaya, kafin farawarsa a cikin 1913, hanyoyin injuna sun tattara kawai ta hannu. Misali na farko na aiki shine keken motsa jiki tare da injin mai. Injin konewa na ciki yana da ƙarfin ƙarfin 8, kuma ana kiran ma'aikatan jirgin Model-A.

Shekaru biyar kacal da kafuwar kamfanin, duniya ta sami samfurin mota mai araha - Model-T. Motar ta sami laƙabin "Tin Lizzie". An kera motar har zuwa shekara ta 27 na karnin da ya gabata.

A ƙarshen 20s, kamfanin ya shiga yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa tare da Tarayyar Soviet. Ana gina masana'antar kera motoci ta Amurka a Nizhny Novgorod. Dangane da ci gaban kamfanin mahaifa, motar GAZ-A, da kuma irin wannan samfurin tare da alamar AA, an haɓaka.

A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, alamar, wacce ke kara samun karbuwa, tana gina masana’antu a kasar ta Jamus, kuma tana hada gwiwa da gwamnatin ta Uku, tana kera motoci masu taya da ta ido. A ɓangaren sojojin Amurka, wannan ya haifar da ƙiyayya. Koyaya, tare da farkon Yaƙin Duniya na II, Ford ya yanke shawarar kawo ƙarshen haɗin gwiwa tare da Nazi Jamus, kuma ya fara samar da kayan aikin soja ga Amurka.

Ga ɗan gajeren tarihin haɗakarwa da sayen wasu kayayyaki:

1922, karkashin jagorancin kamfanin, sashen motoci na Lincoln mai daraja ya fara;
1939 - An kafa kamfanin Mercury, tare da motoci masu darajar tsaka-tsalle suna zagawa daga layin taron. Rabon ya kasance har zuwa 2010;
1986 - Ford ta sayi kamfanin Aston Martin. An sayar da rarrabuwa a 2007;
1990 - an sayi sayan samfurin Jaguar, wanda a shekarar 2008 aka sauya shi zuwa kamfanin Indiya na Tata Motors;
1999 - an samo alamar Volvo, wanda aka sake siyar da shi a cikin 2010. Sabon mai wannan rukunin shi ne alamar kasar Sin Zhenjiang Geely;
2000 - an sayi kamfanin Land Rover, wanda kuma aka siyar bayan shekaru 8 ga kamfanin Indiya na Tata.

Masu mallaka da gudanarwa

Kamfanin yana kula da shi gaba ɗaya ta dangin wanda ya kirkiro da alama. Wannan ɗayan manyan kamfanoni ne waɗanda dangi ɗaya ke sarrafawa. Kari akan haka, an tsara kamfanin Ford a matsayin kamfanin jama'a. Motsi na hannun jarin sa ana sarrafa shi ta hanyar musayar hannayen jari a New York.

Shafin

Motocin masana'antar Amurkawa ana iya gane su ta hanyar lakabi mai sauƙi akan ɗamarar gidan radiator. A cikin shuɗi mai shuɗi, sunan kamfanin an rubuta shi da fararen haruffa a cikin asalin rubutu. Alamar alamar tana nuna haraji ga al'ada da ladabi wanda za'a iya gano su a yawancin samfuran kamfanin.

Alamar ta bi ta haɓakawa da yawa.

Yaro na farko Harold Wills ne ya tsara shi a cikin 1903. Sunan kamfanin ne, wanda aka zartar a cikin salon sa hannu. A gefen gefen, tambarin yana da murɗaɗɗen murɗaɗɗen ciki, wanda a ciki, ban da sunan mai sana'anta, an nuna wurin da hedkwatar take.
1909 - tambarin ya canza gaba daya. Madadin farantin launi mai launi a kan radiators na ƙarya, sunan mahaifi na wanda ya kirkiro ya fara kasancewa, wanda aka yi shi a cikin asalin babban haruffa;
1912 - tambarin ya sami ƙarin abubuwa - asalin shuɗi a cikin siffar gaggafa, yana buɗe fukafukinsa. A tsakiyar ana aiwatar da sunan alamar a cikin manyan haruffa, kuma a ƙarƙashinta an rubuta taken talla - "Motar Universal";
1912 - tambarin alama ya saba da fasalin sa. An rubuta Ford a cikin baƙaƙen haruffa a kan farin fari;
1927 - Fuskar shuɗi mai shuɗi tare da farin haske. Sunan alamar motar yana cikin fararen haruffa;
1957 - yanayin oval ya canza zuwa wani fasali mai tsayi wanda aka fadada a bangarorin. Inuwar bango yana canzawa. Rubutun kansa bai canza ba;
1976 - Adadin da ya gabata ya ɗauki sifa ta faɗuwa tare da zinaren azurfa. Bangaren kanta anyi shi ne cikin salon da yake bada rubutun abubuwa;
2003 - yanayin azurfa ya ɓace, inuwar baya ta fi shuru. Bangare na sama ya fi haske ƙasa. Canjin launi mai santsi an sanya su a tsakanin su, wanda hakan har ma da rubutu ya zama mai girma.

Ayyuka

Kamfanin yana ba da sabis iri-iri da yawa a cikin masana'antar kera motoci. Kamfanonin alamar suna ƙirƙirar motocin fasinja, da manyan motocin kasuwanci da bas. Damuwar za a iya raba ta cikin yanayi zuwa tsarin tsarin 3:

Arewacin Amurka;
Asiya-Fasifik;
Bature.

Wadannan rarrabuwa sun rarrabu ne a bigire. Har zuwa 2006, kowannensu ya samar da kayan aiki don takamaiman kasuwar da suke ɗaukar nauyi. Juyin juyawa a cikin wannan manufar shine shawarar darektan kamfanin, Roger Mulally (wannan canjin injiniya da ɗan kasuwa ya ceci alama daga durƙushewa) don yin Ford ""aya". Tunanin ya kasance ga kamfanin ya samar da samfuran duniya don nau'ikan kasuwanni daban-daban. Tunanin ya kasance cikin tsara ta uku ta Ford Focus.

Ayyuka

Ga labarin iri a cikin samfuran:

1903 - fara samfurin mota na farko, wanda ya karɓi A.
1906 - Model K ya bayyana, wanda a ciki aka fara sanya motar 6-cylinder. Powerarfinsa ya kasance 40 horsepower. Saboda rashin ingancin gini, ƙirar ba ta daɗe a kasuwa. Irin wannan labarin ya kasance tare da Model B. Dukkanin zaɓuɓɓukan an yi su ne akan masu motoci masu arziki. Rashin nasarar sifofin shi ne ƙarfin samar da ƙarin motocin kasafin kuɗi.
1908 - wurin hutawa Model T ya bayyana, wanda ya tabbatar da shahara sosai ba kawai don ƙimar ta ba, amma har ma da farashi mai kayatarwa. Da farko, an siyar dashi kan $ 850. (don kwatankwacin, an ba da Model K a farashin $ 2), a ɗan lokaci kaɗan, an yi amfani da kayan arha, wanda ya ba da damar rage farashin sufuri da kusan rabin ($ 800). Motar tana da injin lita 2,9. An haɗu tare da gearbox mai saurin gudu na duniya. Ita ce motar farko da aka fara rarrabawa miliyan. A kan wannan samfurin, an halicci nau'ikan sufuri daban-daban, tun daga kan masu zama masu ɗauke da kujeru biyu zuwa motar asibiti.
1922 - Samun kayan haɗin motoci, Lincoln, ga masu hannu da shuni.
1922-1950 kamfanin ya yanke shawara da dama don fadada yanayin yanayin samarwa, yana kulla yarjejeniyoyi da kasashe daban-daban inda aka gina kamfanonin kamfanin.
1932 - Kamfanin ya zama masana'anta na farko a duniya don samar da bulolin V-monolithic tare da silinda 8.
1938 - An kirkiro wani yanki na Mercury don samarwa kasuwar motocin masu matsakaicin zango (tsakanin kamfanin Ford mai sauki da kuma Lincoln na yanzu).
Farkon shekarun 50 lokaci ne na neman ra'ayoyi na asali da na neman sauyi. Don haka, a cikin 1955, Thunderbird ya bayyana a bayan bayanta mai wuya (menene keɓancewar wannan nau'in, karanta a nan). Motar wajan shahara ta karɓa kamar ƙarni 11. Underarkashin murfin motar ya kasance rukunin wutar lantarki mai lita 4,8 wanda ke da V wanda ke haɓaka ƙarfin 193 horsepower. Duk da cewa motar an yi niyyar ne don direbobi masu hannu da shuni, samfurin ya shahara sosai.
1959 - Wani shahararren mota, Galaxie, ya bayyana. Samfurin ya sami nau'ikan jiki 6, makullin ƙofar yaro, da ingantaccen shafi.
1960 - 2,4irƙirar ƙirar Falcon ta fara, wanda aka gina Maverick, Granada da Mustang na ƙarni na farko. Motar a cikin tsari na asali ta karɓi injin lita 90 tare da 6 horsepower. Wasarfin lantarki mai silinda ne mai layin XNUMX.
1964 - Shahararren ɗan wasan Ford Mustang ya bayyana. Ya kasance fruita ofan binciken kamfanin don samfuran tauraruwa wanda zai ci kuɗi da yawa, amma a lokaci guda ya kasance mafi so ga masoya motoci masu kyau da ƙarfi. An gabatar da manufar samfurin shekara guda da ta gabata, amma kafin wannan kamfanin ya ƙirƙira samfura da yawa na wannan motar, kodayake bai kawo su da rai ba. A ƙarƙashin murfin sabon abu ya kasance layi ɗaya da shida kamar na Falcon, ƙaura kawai aka ɗan ƙara (har zuwa lita 2,8). Motar ta sami kyakyawan yanayi da kulawa mai rahusa, kuma babbar fa'idarsa ita ce ta'aziya, wacce ba a ba ta mota ba a da.
1966 - A ƙarshe kamfanin ya sami nasarar yin takara tare da kamfanin Ferrari akan hanyar Le Mans. Motar motsa jiki mafi ƙarfi da aminci ta samfurin Amurka GT-40 ta kawo daraja. Bayan nasarar, alamar ta gabatar da hanyar hanyar labari - GT-40 MKIII. Karkashin kahon akwai sanannen lita 4,7 mai fasalin V. Powerarfin ƙarfi ya kasance 310 hp. Kodayake motar ta zama mai tauri, ba a sabunta ta ba sai 2003. Sabon ƙarni ya karɓi injin da ya fi girma (lita 5,4), wanda ya inganta motar zuwa “ɗaruruwan” a cikin dakika 3,2, kuma iyakar iyakar gudu ita ce 346 km / h.
1968 - Wasan Escort Twin Cam ya bayyana. Motar ta zama ta farko a tseren da aka yi a Ireland, da kuma gasa da yawa a ƙasashe daban-daban har zuwa 1970. Wasannin wasan motsa jiki ya ba shi damar jan hankalin sabbin masu siye da ke son tseren mota da kuma ƙimar motoci masu inganci da keɓaɓɓun tsarin lantarki.
1970 - Taunus (sigar motar hagu ta Turai) ko Cortina (nau'in "Turanci na dama-dama").
1976 - An fara kirkirar E-Series na Econoline, tare da watsawa, Injin da chassis daga masu daukar F-Series da SUVs.
1976 - Fiesta ƙarni na farko ya bayyana.
1980 - Bronco mai tarihi ya fara aiki. Motar daukar kaya ce wacce ta fi guntu amma babban kwalliya. Saboda tsabtar ƙasa, samfurin ya shahara tun da daɗewa saboda ƙwarewar ƙasarsa, koda lokacin da kyawawan samfuran SUVs masu kyau suka fito.
1982 - Kaddamar da motar bayan Sierra.
1985 - rudani na gaske ya mamaye kasuwar motoci: saboda matsalar mai a duniya, shahararrun motoci sun rasa muƙamansu, kuma ƙananan motocin Japan sun zo wurinsu. Samfurori masu fafatawa ba su da ɗan gajiyar amfani da mai, kuma aikin da suke yi bai ƙasa da manyan motocin Amurka masu ƙarfi da iska ba. Gudanarwar kamfanin sun yanke shawarar sakin wani samfurin gudu. Tabbas, ba ta maye gurbin "Mustang" ba, amma ta sami kyakkyawar sanarwa a tsakanin masu motoci. Taurus ne. Duk da mawuyacin halin tattalin arziki, sabon samfurin ya zama samfurin mafi kyawun sayarwa a cikin tarihin tarihin.
1990 - Wani Ba'amurke mai sayarwa, Mai bincike, ya bayyana. A wannan shekara da ta gaba, samfurin yana karɓar lambar yabo a cikin rukunin mafi kyawun motar-SUV. An saka injin mai mai lita 4 tare da 155 hp a ƙarƙashin murfin motar. Yayi aiki tare tare da watsawar atomatik 4-wuri ko analog na inji mai saurin 5.
1993 - aka ba da sanarwar ƙaddamar da samfurin Mondeo, wanda a ciki aka yi amfani da sabbin ƙa'idodin aminci ga direba da fasinjoji.
1994 - An fara kera kananan motoci kirar Windstar.
1995 - a Geneva Motor Show, an nuna Galaxy (rukunin EUROPE), wanda a shekara ta 2000 ya sami matsala sosai.
1996 - An ƙaddamar da balaguro don maye gurbin ƙaunataccen Bronco.
1998 - Geneva Motor Show ya gabatar da Maida hankali, wanda ya maye gurbin Yarjejeniyar Escort.
2000 - An nuna samfurin Ford Escape a taron Detroit Motor Show. Ga Turai, an kirkiro irin wannan SUV - Maverick.
2002 - samfurin C-Max ya bayyana, wanda ya karɓi mafi yawan tsarin daga Maida hankali, amma tare da aiki mai aiki.
2002 - an baiwa masu motoci motar Fusion birni.
2003 - Kamfanin Tourneo Connect, mota mai aiki da kyan gani, ya bayyana.
2006 - An kirkiro S-Max akan sabon shagon Galaxy.
2008 - Kamfanin ya buɗe mahimmin juzu'i tare da sakin Kuga.
2012 - ingantaccen ci gaban injina mai inganci. An ba da sunan ci gaban Ecoboost. An baiwa motar lambar yabo ta International International sau da yawa.

A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, kamfanin yana haɓaka ingantattun motoci, tattalin arziƙi, ƙimar motoci da kyawawan kyawawan motoci don nau'ikan masu motoci. Bugu da kari, kamfanin na ci gaba da samar da motocin kasuwanci.

Anan akwai wasu samfuran masu ban sha'awa na iri: