Injin Toyota 1HZ: duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani

1HZ yana ba da aminci na yau da kullun da dogaro, da ingantaccen inganci da tattalin arzikin mai.

An fara amfani da injinan dizal masu caji tun farkon karni na baya, amma da kyar babu motar titin a kwanakin nan da ba ta da injin turbocharger don karin iko da inganci. 

Amma ba koyaushe haka lamarin yake ba, kuma injin dizal ɗin Toyota 1HZ da ke da sha'awar gaske a cikin kewayon Landcruiser tabbas dole ne a ɗauke shi a matsayin yarima na dizels na zahiri. 

Memba na ƙungiyar injin Toyota HZ, 1 a cikin 1HZ yana nuna cewa memba ne na dangin ƙarni na farko.

Ba wai kawai man dizal Toyota 1HZ zai iya yin aikin ƙaramin turbodiesel ba, zai ci gaba da yin haka har tsawon mil mil mil mil, tare da wasu ma'aikatan da ke ba da rahoton mil miliyan kafin a buƙaci babban aiki. 

Ƙara zuwa waccan ingantaccen amincin yau da kullun, ingantaccen inganci da tattalin arzikin mai, kuma kuna iya ganin dalilin da yasa 1HZ, alhali ba mai tsere ba, ya zama abin da aka fi so tare da masu tafiya mai nisa da nesa. 

Duk wani bita na injin 1HZ koyaushe zai nuna cewa wannan injin mai tsayi ne wanda ba zai gaza cikin gaggawa ba. Watakila babban koma baya shine tattalin arzikin mai na 1HZ, wanda zai kasance daga lita 11 zuwa 13 a cikin 100km.

Wannan yana kan daidaitaccen abin hawa a saurin babbar hanya kuma zai yi girma sau biyu idan aka ja. Yana baya bayan motocin taksi biyu na yau, amma ba mummunan ba ne ta cikakken ma'aunin XNUMXWD.

Halayen ingin 1HZ mai sanko ba lallai bane ya bayyana sirrinsa. Maimakon haka, haɗuwa ne na kayan inganci, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru, da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira wanda ya sanya 1HZ ta zama na'urar girmamawa. 

Yana farawa da simintin ƙarfe na simintin ƙarfe da kan silinda (wanda ya zama ruwan dare a injunan diesel har yau). Lita 4.2 (4164 cc don zama daidai) injin 1HZ yana da bugu da bugun jini na 94mm da 100mm. 

Ƙunƙwasa yana gudana a cikin manyan bearings bakwai. Injin injin silinda na layi guda shida ne tare da camshaft na sama guda ɗaya (wanda bel ɗin roba mai haƙori ke tukawa) da bawuloli biyu akan kowane silinda.

Injin silinda shida na 4.2-lita yana haɓaka ƙarfin 96 kW / 285 Nm. (Credit Image: Wikimedia Commons)

1HZ tana amfani da fasahar allura kai tsaye kuma tana da matsi na 22.4:1. Da'awar ikon ne 96 kW a 3800 rpm da 285 Nm a 2200 rpm. 

Hoton famfo mai injector na 1HZ kuma zai nuna cewa injin yana amfani da tsarin allurar tsohuwar makaranta ba sabuwar fasahar dizal ta jirgin kasa ba. 

Yin simintin ƙarfe na motar yana nufin yana da ƙarfi, amma nauyin motar 1HZ yana da kusan 300kg. Girman man injin 1HZ shine lita 9.6 lokacin da busassun cika.

A Ostiraliya, 1HZ ya kasance sanannen zaɓi a cikin jerin 80, wanda aka ƙaddamar a cikin 1990 kuma daga baya aka ɗauke shi mafi kyawun LandCruiser Toyota da aka taɓa yi (sabbin jerin 300 har yanzu bai tabbatar da kansa ga wannan take ba). 

A cikin nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'in) da kuma nau'in turbodiesel 80HDT,kuma wannan ya ci gaba da sabon jerin 1 wanda ya ga 1HZ wanda ya dace da samfurin asali na Standard bambance-bambancen (a fasaha na 100 jerin). 

Tare da kyan gani da yawa da damar kashe hanya, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa 80 ya kasance sananne sosai. (Hoton hoto: Tom White)

Wannan ya ci gaba a cikin wannan mota har zuwa 2007, lokacin da 200 jerin bayyana. 

A cikin layin doki, Toyota 1HZ ya bayyana a cikin 75 Series da Troop Carrier a 1990 kuma an sayar da shi har zuwa 2007 lokacin da aka maye gurbinsa da bambance-bambancen turbodiesel. An kuma yi amfani da diesel mai lamba 1HZ a wasu motocin Toyota Coaster.

Mahimmanci, don samun 1HZ a cikin sabuwar Toyota, dole ne ku sayi LandCruiser mai girma, tunda Prado bai taɓa samun wannan injin ɗin ba. 

Ba za ku sami LandCruiser 1HZ tare da watsawa ta atomatik ko dai ba; idan injin 1HZ ne, canjin hannu ya rage na ku.

Lallai akwai ƴan matsaloli tare da injin 1HZ. Ban da wasu ƴan lokuta na fashe kawunan silinda a cikin yankin da aka fara konewa, labarin yana da kyau. 

1HZ Silinda kai gaskets ba su da matsala muddin injin bai yi zafi ba, kuma bel ɗin lokaci na 1HZ ba ze zama matsala ba idan an canza kowane kilomita 100,000. 

Jerin 75 ya karɓi tsarin ɗan lokaci tare da shari'ar canja wuri da ke ba da nau'ikan nau'ikan kayan aiki daban-daban guda biyu.

Hankali na yau da kullun yana nuna cewa famfon mai na 1HZ zai buƙaci kulawa bayan kusan kilomita 400,000, kuma masu yawa sun yanke shawarar sake gina kan Silinda a lokaci guda. 

Sauran kulawa yana da sauƙi, ko da yake wurin da ake amfani da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio na 1HZ a gefen ƙasa na toshe yana da wuyar samun dama ba tare da cire mai canzawa ba.

Tabbas, babu abin da ke dawwama har abada, kuma lokacin da 1HZ ya ƙare, yawancin masu kawai sun yanke shawarar siyan 1HZ da aka yi amfani da su tare da ƙasa da mil kuma suyi kasuwanci dashi. 

Lissafin injunan 1HZ a cikin wannan yanayin sun shahara, amma wasu masu sun zaɓi sake gina injin da suke da su. 

Ana iya siyan kayan aikin sake ginawa na 1HZ wanda ya haɗa da zobba, bearings da gaskets akan kusan $1500, amma idan kuna son gina injin turbocharged ku shirya kashe kusan ninki biyu don kit ɗin da zai haɗa da ƙananan pistons. 

Jerin 105 ya kasance ta hanyoyi da yawa ci gaba na jerin 80.

Hakanan yana buƙatar aiki mai yawa idan ba ku yi aikin da kanku ba amma kuyi la'akari da ma'auni da mashin ɗin bangon crankshaft da silinda da ke akwai.

Za'a iya samun injin da aka yi amfani da shi mai kyau don 'yan daloli kaɗan, yayin da cikakken sake gina raka'a (tare da ikon turbo) ana iya samun shi akan $5000 zuwa $10,000 kuma sama idan kuna son wani abu mai wahala sosai. 

Sake ƙera raka'a suna yadu daga kamfanonin da suka ƙware a irin wannan nau'in aikin, amma har yanzu kuna buƙatar samar da babban injin maye gurbin.

Wataƙila mafi yawan kwatancen da mutane ke yi shine tsohuwar tattaunawa ta 1HZ vs 1HDT, tunda ana siyar da 1HDT tare da 1HZ a cikin jerin motoci 80 da 100, amma kwanakin nan yana samun kuɗi da yawa azaman sadaukarwa. 

Me yasa? Kawai saboda 1HDT injin dizal ne mai turbocharged kuma a sakamakon haka yana da ƙarfi da ƙarfi da yawa (151kW/430Nm maimakon 96kW/285Nm). 

Tambayi duk wani mai son Toyota LandCruiser kuma za su san menene injin FTE 1HD. Suna iya ma samun tattoo lambar injin!

Wannan yana ba da injin turbocharged babbar fa'ida a kan hanya, amma a kan hanya, inda masu amfani da hankali ke mulki, sauƙi da amincin 1HZ (da cikakken rashi na kayan lantarki) sun kasance injin zaɓi ga wasu.

Daga ra'ayi na fasaha, akwai wasu bambance-bambance, ciki har da gaskiyar cewa injectors na 1HZ suna aiki a cikin ɗakin da aka rigaya kafin konewa (yin 1HZ wani injunan allura kai tsaye), yayin da 1HDT shine ƙirar allurar kai tsaye inda konewa ya fara a ciki. 

Don haka (a cikin wasu abubuwa) kawunan silinda na injinan guda biyu ba sa canzawa, kuma injin turbocharged daban-daban na matsawa yana nufin cewa ƙananan sassan ba su dace ba.

Ko da yake Toyota bai taba ba da injin turbo mai lamba 1HZ ba, an ba da kayan turbo 1HZ a bayan kasuwa don haka. Yana da kyau a ce wasu daga cikinsu an tsara su fiye da wasu, amma a kowane hali, masu mallakar injin turbo 1HZ sukan sanya na'urar pyrometer (don lura da yanayin zafin iskar gas da nuna yadda injin ke aiki) kuma yana sa ido sosai kan karatun wannan. firikwensin allura.

Shahararrun hanyoyin samar da turbocharger bayan kasuwa tsawon shekaru sun hada da Safari Turbo 1HZ, AXT Turbo 1HZ da Denco Turbo 1HZ kits. 

An sayar da 1HDT tare da 1HZ a cikin jerin motocin 80 da 100. (Kiredit Image: Tom White)

Tushen kowane kayan aiki iri ɗaya ne; 1HZ turbo manifold, turbocharger toshe kanta da kuma bututun da ake buƙata don haɗa shi duka. 

Baya ga kayan aikin turbo na yau da kullun, masu kunnawa da yawa suna ba da shawarar haɓaka diyya kuma, don matsakaicin aiki, mai shiga tsakani. 

Duk da haka, a kowane hali manufar ita ce; don inganta aikin tuƙi da hanzari, musamman lokacin ja. Kayan kayan turbo na asali yana tsada tsakanin $3000 zuwa $5000 tare da shigarwa.

A halin yanzu, masu mallakar da suka yaba da sauƙi na 1HZ suna ƙoƙarin kauce wa turbocharging kuma a maimakon haka suna amfani da hanyoyin gargajiya na haɓaka ƙarfin injin. 

Ga waɗannan masu, mafi kyawun injin turbo na 1HZ ba turbo bane kwata-kwata. Idan ba kwa buƙatar ƙarin haɓakawa, wannan kuma ingantaccen hujja ne. 

A yawancin lokuta, masu mallakar sun koma juyi na al'ada da ingantacciyar shigarwar shaye-shaye, gami da masu cirewar 1HZ da tsarin shaye-shaye kai tsaye (yawanci 3.0-inch), don samun abin da suke buƙata.