Citroen

Abun ciki FounderEmblemCar tarihi a cikin modelTambayoyi da amsoshi: Citroen sanannen alamar Faransa ce, wanda hedkwatarsa ​​ke a babban birnin al'adu na duniya, Paris. Kamfanin wani bangare ne na damuwar Peugeot-Citroen. Ba da dadewa ba, kamfanin ya fara aiki tare da kamfanin Dongfeng na kasar Sin, godiyar da motocin da ke kera ke samun na'urorin fasahar zamani. Koyaya, duk ya fara cikin ladabi. Anan ga labarin wani sanannen alama a duk faɗin duniya, wanda ya ƙunshi yanayi da yawa na bakin ciki waɗanda ke jagorantar gudanarwa zuwa ƙarshen mutuwa. Wanda ya kafa A cikin 1878, an haifi Andre a cikin dangin Citroen, wanda ke da tushen Ukrainian. Bayan samun ilimin fasaha, wani ƙwararren matashi ya sami aiki a ƙaramin kamfani wanda ke kera kayan gyara don motocin motsa jiki. A hankali maigida ya ci gaba. Ƙwarewar da aka tara da kuma kyakkyawar damar gudanarwa ta taimaka masa ya sami matsayi na darektan sashen fasaha a tashar Mors. A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, shuka ya tsunduma cikin ƙirƙirar harsashi ga manyan bindigogi na sojojin Faransa. Lokacin da fada ya ƙare, mai kula da shuka ya yanke shawara a kan bayanin martaba, tun da makaman ba su da riba sosai. Andre bai yi tunani sosai ba game da zama mai kera motoci. Duk da haka, ya sani da kyau cewa wannan alkuki na iya samun riba sosai. Ƙari ga haka, ƙwararren ya riga ya sami isasshen ƙwarewa a cikin injiniyoyi. Wannan ya sa shi yin kasada kuma ya kafa sabon kwas don samarwa. An rajistar alamar a cikin 1919, kuma an karɓi sunan wanda ya kafa a matsayin sunan. Da farko, ya yi tunani game da haɓaka samfurin mota mai girma, amma abin da ya dace ya dakatar da shi. Andre ya san cewa yana da mahimmanci ba kawai don ƙirƙirar mota ba, amma don ba mai saye wani abu mai araha. Wani abu makamancin haka ya yi ta hanyar zamaninsa, Henry Ford. Alama An zaɓi ƙirar chevron biyu a matsayin tushen alamar. Wannan kayan aiki ne na musamman, wanda haƙoransu masu siffar V ne. Wanda ya kafa kamfanin ya gabatar da takardar shaidar kera irin wannan bangare a shekarar 1905. Samfurin ya kasance cikin buƙata mai girma, musamman a cikin manyan motoci. Mafi sau da yawa, umarni ya zo daga kamfanonin kera jiragen ruwa. Misali, shahararren Titanic a wasu hanyoyin yana da daidai gwargwado na herringbone. Lokacin da aka kafa kamfanin mota, wanda ya kafa shi ya yanke shawarar yin amfani da zane na halittarsa ​​- chevron biyu. A cikin tarihin kamfanin, alamar ta canza sau tara, duk da haka, kamar yadda kuke gani a cikin hoton, babban abu ya kasance koyaushe. Wani nau'in nau'in motocin daban wanda kamfanin ke da hannu a ciki, DS yana amfani da tambari mai kama da babban alamar. A kan motoci kuma ana amfani da chevron biyu, gefunansa ne kawai ke samar da harafin S, kuma harafin D yana kusa da shi. Tarihin mota a cikin samfura Tarihin ci gaban fasahar da kamfanin ya yi amfani da shi ana iya gano shi a cikin samfuran da ke fitowa daga masu isar da alamar. Ga takaitaccen rangadin tarihi. 1919 André Citroën ya ƙaddamar da samfurinsa na farko, nau'in A. Injin konewa na cikin gida mai ƙarfin doki 18 an sanye shi da tsarin sanyaya ruwa. Its girma ya kasance 1327 cubic centimeters. Matsakaicin gudun ya kasance kilomita 65 a kowace awa. Muhimmancin motar shine ta yi amfani da hasken wuta da na'urar kunna wutar lantarki. Har ila yau, samfurin ya juya ya zama mai arha, saboda abin da yaduwa ya kasance kusan guda 100 kowace rana. 1919 - Ana ci gaba da tattaunawa tare da GM don sabon mai kera mota ya zama wani ɓangare na sa. An kusan rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar, amma a karshe, kamfanin iyaye da aka tsara ya goyi bayan yarjejeniyar. Wannan ya ba kamfanin damar kasancewa mai zaman kansa har zuwa 1934. 1919-1928 Citroen yayi amfani da babbar hanyar talla a duniya, wacce aka shigar a cikin Guinness Book of Records - Eiffel Tower. Don haɓaka alamar, wanda ya kafa kamfanin yana ɗaukar nauyin balaguro na dogon lokaci zuwa Afirka, Arewacin Amurka da Asiya. A kowane hali, ya samar da motocinsa, wanda ya nuna amincin waɗannan motocin masu arha. 1924 - alamar ta nuna halittarta ta gaba - samfurin B10. Ita ce motar Turai ta farko mai jikin karfe. A auto show a birnin Paris, da mota ne nan da nan son ba kawai da masu motoci, amma kuma da sukar. Duk da haka, shahararren samfurin ya wuce da sauri, kamar yadda masu fafatawa sukan gabatar da motoci kusan ba su canza ba, amma a cikin jiki daban-daban, kuma Citroen yana jan wannan. Saboda wannan, kawai abin da masu amfani ke sha'awar a wancan lokacin shine farashin motocin Faransa. 1933 - samfura biyu sun bayyana a lokaci ɗaya. Wannan shine Traction Avant, wanda yayi amfani da jikin monocoque karfe, dakatarwar gaba mai zaman kanta da tuƙin gaba. Na biyu model - Rossalie, a karkashin kaho wanda shi ne dizal engine. 1934 - Saboda manyan zuba jari a ci gaban sabbin samfura, kamfanin ya yi fatara kuma daya daga cikin masu lamuni - Michelin ya karbe shi. Bayan shekara guda, wanda ya kafa alamar Citroen ya mutu. Wannan ya biyo bayan wani yanayi mai wahala, wanda a lokacin, saboda tsaka mai wuyar dangantaka tsakanin hukumomin Faransa da Jamus, kamfanin ya tilasta yin wani abu na sirri. 1948 - a subcompact model tare da karamin iya aiki (kawai 12 dawakai) 2CV ya bayyana a Paris Motor Show, wanda ya zama real bestseller, da aka samar har 1990. Ƙananan na'ura ba kawai tattalin arziki ba ne, amma kuma abin mamaki ne abin dogara. Bugu da kari, direban mota mai matsakaicin kudin shiga zai iya ba da irin wannan motar kyauta. Yayinda masana'antun duniya ke ƙoƙarin jan hankalin masu sauraro tare da motocin motsa jiki na yau da kullun, Citroen yana tara masu motoci masu amfani a kusa da shi. 1955 - fara samar da wani sanannen iri, wanda ya bayyana a karkashin jagorancin wannan kamfani. Samfurin farko na sabon yanki mai nisa shine DS. Takaddun fasaha na waɗannan samfuran sun nuna lamba 19, 23, da sauransu, wanda ke nuna ƙarar na'urar wutar lantarki da aka shigar a cikin motar. The peculiarity na mota ne ta bayyana bayyanar da asali low kasa yarda (karanta abin da yake a nan). Samfurin a karon farko ya sami birki na diski, dakatarwar iska na hydraulic, wanda zai iya daidaita tsayin hawan. Masu aikin injiniya na Mercedes-Benz damuwa sun kasance masu sha'awar wannan ra'ayi, amma ba za a iya yarda da plagiarism ba, don haka ci gaban wani dakatarwa daban-daban wanda ya canza tsayin motar da aka yi kusan shekaru 15. A cikin 68th mota samu wani sabon ci gaba - swivel ruwan tabarau na gaban optics. Nasarar samfurin kuma ta kasance saboda amfani da ramin iska, wanda ya ba da izinin ƙirƙirar siffar jiki tare da kyawawan halaye na iska. 1968 - Bayan zuba jari da yawa da ba su yi nasara ba, kamfanin ya sayi fitaccen mai kera motoci na wasanni Maserati. Wannan yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar mota mafi ƙarfi don jawo hankalin masu siye masu aiki. 1970 - An ƙirƙiri samfurin SM bisa ɗayan motocin motsa jiki da aka siya. Ya yi amfani da na'urar wuta mai karfin lita 2,7 da karfin dawaki 170. Tsarin tuƙi bayan juyawa da kansa ya motsa ƙafafun masu juyawa zuwa matsayi madaidaiciya. Hakanan, motar ta karɓi dakatarwar hydropneumatic da aka sani. 1970 - Kirkirar samfurin da ya cike gibin da ke tsakanin karamin karamin gari 2CV da kuma mai kayatarwa mai tsada. Wannan motar ta GS ta tura kamfanin zuwa matsayi na biyu bayan Peugeot tsakanin masana'antar kera motocin Faransa. 1975-1976gg. Alamar ta sake yin fatara, duk da cewa ana siyar da rassa da yawa, gami da rukunin motocin Berliet da samfuran wasanni na Maserati. 1976 - An kafa ƙungiyar PSA Peugeot-Citroen, wanda ke samar da ingantattun motoci da yawa. Daga cikin su akwai Peugeot 104, GS, Dyane, homologue variant 2CV, CX. Koyaya, abokan haɗin gwiwar ba su da sha'awar ci gaban cigaban rukunin Citroen, don haka suna neman sakewa. A cikin shekarun 1980s, gudanarwar sashen yana sake shiga wani lokaci na bakin ciki, lokacin da dukkanin motoci suka dogara akan dandamali na Peugeot. A farkon shekarun 90s, Citroen kusan bai bambanta da samfuran aboki ba. 1990 - alama ta faɗaɗa faren cinikinta, yana jan hankalin masu siye daga Amurka, ƙasashen Soviet bayan-Soviet, Gabashin Turai da China. 1992 - gabatar da samfurin Xantia, wanda ya canza ci gaba da ƙirar duk motocin kamfanin. 1994 - Farkon karon farko da aka fara. 1996 - masu motoci sun karɓi motar gidan Berlingo mai amfani. 1997 - dangin samfurin Xsara suka bayyana, wanda ya zama sananne sosai. 2000 - C5 sedan ya fara halarta, mai yiwuwa an ƙirƙira shi azaman maye gurbin Xantia. Fara da shi, "zamanin" na model S. Duniyar masu ababen hawa na samun C8 minivan, C4 da C2 hatchback motoci, C1 birni da C6 sedan alatu. 2002 wani sanannen samfurin C3 ya bayyana. A yau, kamfanin ya ci gaba da ƙoƙari don samun girmamawa ga masu sauraron duniya ta hanyar ƙirƙirar ƙetare, motoci masu haɗaka da homologing riga sanannun samfurori. A cikin 2010, an gabatar da manufar samfurin lantarki na Survolt. A ƙarshe, muna ba da ɗan taƙaitaccen bita na motar DS ta almara na 50s: Tambayoyi da Amsoshi: A ina aka yi motar Citroen? Da farko, an tattara samfuran Citroen a Faransa, sannan kuma a masana'antar tarihi a Spain: a cikin biranen Vigo, Onet-sous-Bois da Ren-la-Jane. Yanzu motoci suna taru a masana'antar PSA Peugeot Citroen. rukuni. Menene samfuran alamar Citroen? Jerin samfuran samfuran sun haɗa da: DS (1955), 2 CV (1963), Acadiane (1987), AMI (1977), BX (1982), CX (1984), AX (1986), Berlingo (2015), C1- C5, Jumper, da dai sauransu. Wanene ya sayi Citroen? Tun 1991, yana cikin ƙungiyar PSA Peugeot Citroen. A cikin 2021, an soke ƙungiyar saboda haɗewar ƙungiyoyin PSA da Fiat Chrysler (FCA).