Abin da ake kira hydrocracked man fetur
Nasihu ga masu motoci

Abin da ake kira hydrocracked man fetur

Wani sabon abu a cikin kasuwar ruwan mota - mai hydrocracking - ya sami kima mai gauraya tsakanin masu motoci. Wasu suna ɗaukar wannan mai mai a matsayin mafi kyawun ci gaban zamani. Wasu suna mai da hankali ga fasalulluka na samar da kayan kuma suna magana mara kyau game da shi. Kafin zana karshe ƙarshe, yana da daraja fahimtar hydrocracking man fetur - abin da shi ne, abin da suke da abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani, da kuma ko yana da daraja zabar lubricants na wannan ingancin ga naka mota.

Abubuwa

  • 1 Abin da ake kira hydrocracked man fetur
    • 1.1 Fasahar kere kere
    • 1.2 Kayan asali
    • 1.3 Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani
  • 2 HC ko roba: abin da za a zabi da kuma yadda za a bambanta
    • 2.1 Canjawa daga roba zuwa mai da aka yi da ruwa
    • 2.2 Yadda za a bambanta mai da aka yi da ruwa daga roba
      • 2.2.1 Bidiyo: HC mai mai

Abin da ake kira hydrocracked man fetur

Hydrocracking wani tsari ne don tace mai don samar da tushe mai tare da halayen danko. Masanan kimiya na Amurka ne suka haɓaka fasahar haɗin gwiwar HC a cikin 1970s. A lokacin sarrafa hydrocatalytic, "mummunan" ɓangarorin mai suna canzawa zuwa carbohydrates. Canji na "ruwa mai ma'adinai" na yau da kullun zuwa "synthetics" na inganci mafi girma yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar hanyoyin sinadarai. A gefe guda, ana samar da HC-man daga mai, kamar man ma'adinai, kuma a daya bangaren, tsarin kwayoyin halitta na tushe yana canzawa sosai. Sakamakon abun da ke ciki gaba daya ya rasa halayen ma'adinai mai.

Abin da ake kira hydrocracked man fetur

Akwai nau'ikan hydrocracking da yawa

Fasahar kere kere

Don samun cikakken hoto na GK-man zai ba da damar nazarin fasahar samarwa. Hydrocracking wata hanya ce ta tsaftace man ma'adinai mai tushe, wanda ya sa ya yiwu ya kawo halaye na samfurin karshe kusa da synthetics. Tushen man shine man fetur, tsarin kwayoyin halitta wanda aka canza ta amfani da hanyoyin sinadarai na musamman. Tsaftacewa ya ƙunshi matakai uku:

  1. Dewaxing. Cire paraffins daga man fetur yana taimakawa wajen karuwa a cikin daskarewa na abun da ke ciki.
  2. Hydrotreating. A wannan mataki, abubuwan da ake amfani da su na hydrocarbon suna cike da hydrogen kuma don haka canza tsarin su. The man samun juriya ga hadawan abu da iskar shaka matakai.
  3. Hydrocracking shine kawar da sulfur da mahadi na nitrogen. A wannan mataki na tsarkakewa, zoben suna lanƙwasa, an cika ɗaure kuma an karya sarƙoƙi na paraffin.

Tsabtace matakai uku yana ba ku damar kawar da man fetur daga ƙazantattun da ba dole ba kuma ku sami abun da ke tattare da man fetur wanda ya bambanta da ma'adinai na yau da kullum, roba ko Semi-synthetic. Saboda haka, masana'antun suna rarraba HC-man a matsayin nau'in mai daban-daban.

Abin da ake kira hydrocracked man fetur

Fasahar Hydrocracking

Bayan tsarin tsaftacewa, ana shigar da abubuwan da ake amfani da su na roba a cikin man fetur don ba shi kaddarorin karshe da kuma damar iyakoki masu inganci.

Kayan asali

Tushen man fetur na mota yana rinjayar danko. Mafi kauri mai su ne ma'adinai, mafi thinnest ne roba. Hydrocracking mai, tare da Semi-synthetic, yana cikin matsayi na tsakiya. Bambance-bambancen wannan mai mai shine cewa dangane da fasahar samarwa ya fi kusa da ma'adinai, kuma dangane da kaddarorin jiki da sinadarai - zuwa roba.

Abin da ake kira hydrocracked man fetur

Wannan nau'in mai yana da kaddarorin duka ma'adinai da mai na roba.

Tushen da aka kirkira ta hanyar fasahar hydrocracking ya inganta kaddarorin idan aka kwatanta da ma'adinai. Dangane da tsabta, irin waɗannan mai suna kusa da na roba, amma suna da ƙananan farashi.

Yana da mahimmanci! HC-kira ya sa ya yiwu a sami mai mai tare da alamar danko na raka'a 150, yayin da ma'adinan ma'adinai suna da danko na raka'a 100 kawai. Gabatarwar additives yana kawo abubuwan haɗin gwiwar hydrocracking kamar yadda zai yiwu ga na roba.

Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

Multi-mataki distillation na mai tare da m wadata tare da Additives sa HA ruwa mai high quality-lubricating man fetur. Amfanin wannan man shafawa sune kamar haka:

  • Ingantacciyar aiki a ƙarƙashin nauyin injina ko na thermal;
  • Ƙananan tashin hankali ga masu elastomers;
  • Juriya ga samuwar adibas;
  • juriya ga nakasa;
  • Mafi kyawun danko;
  • Low coefficient na gogayya;
  • Babban solubility na additives;
  • Amintar muhalli.
Abin da ake kira hydrocracked man fetur

Mai da aka yi amfani da shi yana da fa'idodi da rashin amfani

Tare da fa'idodi masu mahimmanci, irin wannan nau'in mai yana da fa'idodi masu yawa:

  • Ƙara yawan evaporation;
  • Halin da zai haifar da samuwar lalata;
  • Saurin tsufa kuma, a sakamakon haka, buƙatar sauyawa akai-akai.

Duk da wasu gazawa, yawancin masu motoci suna magana da kyau game da amfani da shi. Dangane da inganci, yana da ɗan ƙasa kaɗan kawai zuwa manyan mai na roba tare da matsakaicin farashi. Fa'idar akan synthetics na halaye iri ɗaya shine mafi ƙarancin farashi.

HC ko roba: abin da za a zabi da kuma yadda za a bambanta

A ƙarshen canjin sinadarai na tushe na HA, halayensa suna da mahimmanci a gaban man ma'adinai, amma bai kai matakin "synthetics" masu inganci ba. Babban ra'ayin masu haɓaka sabon mai shine kusanci ga nau'ikan roba yayin rage farashin samarwa. A bisa ka'ida, cikakken cikakken kiyaye duk hanyoyin fasaha na iya ba da garantin karɓar samfur wanda a zahiri bai bambanta da na roba ba. Duk da haka, irin wannan hadaddun zai shafi farashin nan da nan, don haka burin ba zai yiwu ba. Sabili da haka, masana'antun sun fi son "ma'anar zinariya": babu wani kaddarorin ma'adinai na ma'adinai a cikin sabon samfurin, amma har yanzu bai zama roba ba.

Abin da ake kira hydrocracked man fetur

Zaɓin man ya kamata ya dogara da bukatun injin mota

Amma har yanzu masana'antar sinadarai ba za su iya ba da wani abu mai kyau ga masu motoci ba. Synthetics da hydrocracking suna da abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani:

  1. Roba mai jure m overloads, high gudun, shiga cikin man fetur abun da ke ciki ba tare da compromising quality. "Synthetics" yana aiki sau biyu idan dai HA kuma yana jure zafi.
  2. Koyaya, dangane da kwanciyar hankali yayin canje-canjen zafin jiki, hydrocracking yana da fa'ida bayyananne. Wannan samfurin yana riƙe danko a duka babba da ƙananan yanayin zafi. Saboda haka, ana iya amfani da shi cikin aminci a cikin hunturu da bazara. Ya isa kawai don canza ko ƙara mai mai sau da yawa fiye da "synthetics".
  3. Lokacin amfani da GK-man, an inganta sigogi na fara injin da halayen ikonsa. Samfurin yana da mafi kyawun kayan shafawa idan aka kwatanta da "synthetics". duk da haka, da ayyana Properties na Additives rasa da sauri isa, da man shafawa shekaru.

Yana da mahimmanci! Lokacin zabar mai mai don injin, ya kamata ku mai da hankali kan halayen motar motar da aka nuna a cikin littafin koyarwa. Wajibi ne a yi la'akari da yanayin aiki na abin hawa: a wasu yankuna, yanayin hanya yana rinjayar adadin man fetur na man fetur, don haka ba shi da kyau a saya samfur mai tsada don amfani na dogon lokaci.

Canjawa daga roba zuwa mai da aka yi da ruwa

Fasahar hanyar da za a canza daga roba zuwa mai mai da ruwa ya dogara da shekaru da yanayin injin. A kan tsohuwar mota, bayan zubar da ruwa, yana da kyau a cire kwanon rufi kuma cire duk datti da soot, wanda babu wani adadin ruwa yana taimakawa wajen kawar da shi.

Abin da ake kira hydrocracked man fetur

Hanyar canza man yana da sauƙi kuma a cikin ikon kowane mai mota

A cikin sababbin motoci, ya isa a yi canjin mai sau biyu. Bayan sun zubar da kayan aikin roba, suna cika ruwa kuma suna tafiyar kilomita 200-300. Sai a kwashe wannan kaso na mai a zuba wani sabo.

Yana da mahimmanci! Yawancin masana sun yi imanin cewa lokacin da aka canza daga man fetur na babban aji zuwa ƙananan, canji mai sauƙi ya isa, ba tare da ruwa da sake cikawa ba.

Yadda za a bambanta mai da aka yi da ruwa daga roba

Idan mai motar ya zaɓi man mai, yana iya samun matsala wajen gano shi. Iyakar jagora ga mafi yawan masu amfani da ba su da kwarewa shine rubutun da ya dace akan kunshin. Wasu masana'antun suna zayyana hydrocracking tare da taƙaitaccen HC na Latin. Amma sau da yawa babu irin wannan alamar shaida akan kunshin, don haka mabukaci ya kamata ya san fa'idodin samfuran:

  1. Kudinsa Farashin samar da samfurin HA yana da ƙasa da "synthetics", don haka farashin samfurin ƙarshe ya fi ƙasa da ƙasa. Haka kuma, wannan man ya fi man ma’adinai sau da yawa tsada.
  2. Halayen da ba su da ma'ana. Cibiyar Man Fetur ta Amurka ta daidaita man da aka yi amfani da shi tare da na roba, don haka masana'antun da yawa sun gabatar da wasu shakku a cikin nadi nau'in samfurin: ba sa lakabin "100% Synthetic" akan lakabin, amma rubuta game da amfani da "fasaha na roba". Idan akwai irin wannan kalma a banki, HC-man yana gaban mai siye.
Abin da ake kira hydrocracked man fetur

Don bambanta man fetur na hydrocracking daga roba, kuna buƙatar sanin wasu daga cikin nuances

Waɗannan alamomin kawai a kaikaice suna nuna tushen da masana'antun ke amfani da su. Yana yiwuwa a gaske bambanta hydrocracking daga synthetics kawai a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Amma akwai alamun bayyanannu da yawa waɗanda yakamata ku kula yayin zabar mai mai:

  • Rubutun "Vollsynthetisches" ya isa lokacin da ake yin mai a Jamus: a nan an bayyana ma'anar man fetur a fili a matakin majalisa;
  • Mai da aka yiwa alama 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W mai yuwuwa “hydrocracking” ko “Semi-synthetics”;
  • Mai ZIC da kusan duk ainihin man shafawa na motocin Jafananci an yi su ne na musamman.

Bidiyo: HC mai mai

HYDROCRACKING MAN: ABIN DA GASKIYA NE

Saboda rabon farashi da inganci, mai na hydrocracking yana ƙara zama sananne. Masana sun yi hasashen cewa tare da ci gaba da inganta fasahar samarwa, irin wannan nau'in mai na iya wuce "synthetics" dangane da yawan amfani.

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