Me kuke buƙatar sani game da tsarin motar zamani?

Tsarin motoci na zamani

Motocin zamani suna dauke da tsarin lantarki da yawa. An tsara su ne don saukaka wa direba rayuwa da ƙara masa aminci. Kuma yana da matukar wahala sabon direba ya fahimci duk wadannan ABS, ESP, 4WD da sauransu. Wannan shafin yana ba da bayani game da gajerun kalmomin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin sunayen waɗannan tsarin kera motocin, da kuma taƙaitaccen bayaninsu. ABS, tsarin taka birki na turanci, tsarin hana birki na hana kullewa. Yana hana ƙafafun daga kullewa lokacin da aka tsayar da abin hawa, wanda ke kiyaye kwanciyar hankali da sarrafawa. Yanzu ana amfani dashi a mafi yawan motocin zamani. Kasancewar ABS yana bawa direba mara horo damar hana kulle ƙafafun. ACC, Gudanar da Gudanar da Kusurwa, wani lokacin ACE, BCS, CATS. Tsarin atomatik don daidaita yanayin gefen jiki a cikin sasanninta, kuma a wasu lokuta sauya motsi na dakatarwa. A cikin abin da abubuwan dakatarwar aiki ke taka rawa.

ADR daidaitawa ta atomatik

Wannan tsari ne don kiyaye nisa mai aminci daga abin hawa na gaba. Tsarin yana dogara ne akan radar da aka sanya a gaban motar. Kullum tana nazarin nisan motar da ke gaba. Da zarar wannan mai nuna alama ta faɗi ƙasa da kofa da direba ya saita, tsarin ADR zai ba da umarnin abin hawa ta atomatik don rage gudu har sai nisan abin hawa na gaba ya kai matakin aminci. AGS, daidaita watsa iko. Tsarin watsawa na atomatik ne mai daidaita kai. Akwatin gear guda ɗaya. AGS yana zaɓar kayan aiki mafi dacewa ga direba yayin tuƙi. Don gane salon tuƙi, ana ƙididdige pedal mai sauri. Ƙarshen zazzagewa da ƙarfin motsa jiki an gyara su, bayan haka watsa shirye-shiryen sun fara aiki daidai da ɗaya daga cikin shirye-shiryen da tsarin ya tsara. Bugu da ƙari, tsarin AGS yana hana sauye-sauyen da ba dole ba, misali a cikin cunkoson ababen hawa, sasanninta ko saukowa.

Tsarin sarrafa gogayya

An sanya ta ASR akan motocin Jamus. Kazalika DTS abin da ake kira sarrafa motsi mai ƙarfi. ETC, TCS - tsarin sarrafa motsi. STC, TRACS, ASC + T - sarrafa kwanciyar hankali ta atomatik + gogayya. Manufar tsarin shine don hana zamewar dabaran, da kuma rage ƙarfin lodi mai ƙarfi akan abubuwan watsawa akan saman titi marasa daidaituwa. Da farko, ana dakatar da ƙafafun tuƙi, to, idan wannan bai isa ba, an rage yawan samar da cakuda man fetur zuwa injin kuma, saboda haka, wutar da aka ba da ita ga ƙafafun. Tsarin birki wani lokaci BAS, PA ko PABS ne. Tsarin sarrafa matsi na lantarki a cikin tsarin birki na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa wanda, a cikin yanayin birki na gaggawa da rashin isasshen ƙarfi a kan birki, da kansa yana ƙara matsa lamba a cikin layin birki, yana mai da sauri sau da yawa fiye da yadda ɗan adam zai iya yi.

Rotary birki

Sarrafa birki na Cornering shine tsarin da ke dakatar da birki yayin yin kusurwa. Tsarin hauhawar farashin taya na tsakiya - tsarin haɓakar taya na tsakiya. DBC - Sarrafa birki mai ƙarfi - Tsarin sarrafa birki mai ƙarfi. A cikin matsanancin yanayi, yawancin direbobi ba sa iya yin tasha na gaggawa. Ƙarfin da direban motar ke danna fedal ɗin bai wadatar ba don yin birki mai inganci. Ƙarfafa ƙarfi na gaba kaɗan yana ƙara ƙarfin birki. DBC yana haɓaka Ƙarfafa Tsawon Tsawon Lokaci (DSC) ta hanyar haɓaka aikin gina matsi a cikin na'urar kunna birki, wanda ke tabbatar da mafi ƙarancin tsayawa. Ayyukan tsarin yana dogara ne akan sarrafa bayanai game da yawan karuwar matsa lamba da karfi a kan birki. DSC - Sarrafa Ƙarfafa ƙarfi - tsarin kula da kwanciyar hankali mai ƙarfi.

DME - Lantarki na Motoci na Dijital

DME - Digital Motor Electronics - tsarin sarrafa injin lantarki na dijital. Yana sarrafa daidaitaccen kunnawa da allurar mai da sauran ƙarin ayyuka. Kamar daidaita abun da ke ciki na cakuda aiki. Tsarin DME yana ba da mafi kyawun iko tare da mafi ƙarancin hayaki da yawan mai. DOT - Sashen Sufuri na Amurka - Sashen Sufuri na Amurka. Wanda ke da alhakin ka'idojin kare lafiyar taya. Alamar a kan taya yana nuna cewa Tayar an amince da Dept. kuma an amince da ita don amfani a Amurka. Driveline shine jagoran jagora. AWD - duk abin hawa. FWD ita ce motar gaba. RWD ita ce motar baya. 4WD-OD - tuƙi mai ƙafa huɗu idan ya cancanta. 4WD-FT babban tuƙi ne mai ƙafafu huɗu.

ECT - watsawa ta hanyar lantarki

Tsari ne na sarrafa lantarki don jujjuya kayan aiki a cikin sabon ƙarni na watsawa ta atomatik. Yana la'akari da saurin abin hawa, matsayin maƙura da zafin injin. Samar da santsi kaya canjawa, muhimmanci ƙara rayuwar engine da watsa. Yana ba ku damar saita algorithms da yawa don canza kayan aiki. Misali, hunturu, tattalin arziki da wasanni. EBD - rarraba birki na lantarki. A cikin Jamusanci - EBV - Elektronish Bremskraftverteilung. Tsarin rarraba ƙarfin birki na lantarki. Yana ba da mafi kyawun ƙarfin birki a kan axles, yana bambanta shi dangane da takamaiman yanayin hanya. Kamar gudu, yanayin ɗaukar hoto, lodin mota da sauransu. Musamman don hana toshe ƙafafun axle na baya. Ana iya ganin tasirin musamman a motocin tuƙi na baya. Babban manufar wannan naúrar ita ce rarraba birki a lokacin da aka fara taka birkin motar.

Yaya tsarin motocin ke aiki

Lokacin da, bisa ga ka'idodin kimiyyar lissafi, a ƙarƙashin aikin inertia sojojin, wani ɓangare na sake rarraba kaya yana faruwa tsakanin ƙafafun gaba da na baya. Ƙa'idar aiki. Babban kaya yayin birki na gaba yana kan ƙafafun gaban gatari. A inda za a iya samun ƙarin ƙarfin birki muddin ba a sauke ƙafafun axle na baya ba. Kuma idan aka yi musu babban birki, za su iya kullewa. Don guje wa wannan, EBD yana aiwatar da bayanan da aka karɓa daga na'urori masu auna firikwensin ABS da na'urar firikwensin da ke ƙayyadadden matsayi na birki. Yana aiki akan tsarin birki kuma yana sake rarraba ƙarfin birki zuwa ƙafafun gwargwadon nauyin da ke aiki akan su. EBD yana aiki kafin ABS ya fara ko bayan ABS ta kasa saboda rashin aiki. ECS - Tsarin kula da taurin kai na lantarki. ECU ita ce sashin sarrafa lantarki don injin.

EDC - Tsarin Motoci

EDC, Kula da Damper na Lantarki - tsarin sarrafa lantarki don taurin masu ɗaukar girgiza. In ba haka ba, ana iya kiran shi tsarin da ke kula da jin dadi. Kayan lantarki yana kwatanta ma'auni na kaya, saurin abin hawa kuma yana kimanta yanayin hanya. Lokacin gudana akan waƙoƙi masu kyau, EDC yana gaya wa masu dampers don samun laushi. Kuma lokacin yin kusurwa a babban gudu kuma ta hanyar sassan da ba su da tushe, yana ƙara taurin kai kuma yana ba da mafi girman juzu'i. EDIS - tsarin kunna wutar lantarki mara lamba, ba tare da canzawa ba - mai rarrabawa. EDL, Lantarki Bambancin Loc - tsarin kulle bambancin lantarki. A cikin sigar Jamusanci na EDS Elektronische Differentialsperre, wannan makullin bambancin lantarki ne.

Inganta tsarin kera motoci

Isari ne mai ma'ana ga ayyukan tsarin birki na anti-kulle. Wannan yana ƙara yiwuwar aminci ga abin hawa. Inganta motsi a cikin mummunan yanayin hanya kuma yana sauƙaƙa fita, saurin aiki, dagawa da tuki cikin mawuyacin hali. Ka'idar tsarin. Lokacin kunna motar motar da aka ɗora a kan axle ɗaya, hanyoyi daban-daban suna wucewa. Sabili da haka, saurin tafiyar su kuma dole ne ya zama daban. Wannan rashin daidaiton saurin yana biyan diyya ne ta hanyar aikin bambancin aikin da aka sanya tsakanin ƙafafun tuki. Amma amfani da banbanci azaman hanyar haɗi tsakanin ƙafafun dama da hagu na akushin abin hawa yana da nasa raunin.

Halaye na tsarin motoci

Siffar fasalin bambancin shine cewa, ba tare da la'akari da yanayin tuki ba, yana samar da ko da rarraba ƙwanƙwasa tsakanin ƙafafun jigon motar. Lokacin tuki kai tsaye a saman ƙasa tare da riko daidai, wannan ba zai shafi halayen abin hawan ba. Lokacin da aka kulle ƙafafun motar a cikin wuri tare da masu haɗin riƙo daban-daban, ƙafafun da ke motsawa a kan wani ɓangare na hanya tare da ƙarancin riko mai ƙarfi zai fara zamewa. Saboda daidaitaccen yanayin karfin juzu'i wanda keɓaɓɓe ya bayar, motar motar tana iyakan takurin da ke tsayayya. Kulle bambance-bambance a yayin da ba a kiyaye yanayin gogewar ƙafafun hagu da na dama yana cire wannan ƙididdigar.

Yaya tsarin motocin ke aiki

Ta hanyar karɓar sigina daga saurin firikwensin da ke cikin ABS, EDS yana ƙayyade saurin kusurwa na ƙafafun da ke motsawa kuma yana kwatanta su koyaushe da juna. Idan hanzarin masu kusurwa ba su zo daidai ba, kamar, misali, a yanayin zamewar ɗaya daga cikin ƙafafun, yana yin jinkiri har sai ya zama daidai da mita zuwa zamewa. Sakamakon irin wannan ƙa'idodin, wani lokaci mai sakewa ya tashi. Wannan, idan ya cancanta, haifar da tasirin maɓallin keɓaɓɓen inji, kuma ƙafafun, wanda ke da mafi kyawun yanayin haɓaka, yana da ikon watsa ƙarin motsi. A bambancin saurin kusan 110 rpm, tsarin yana sauyawa ta atomatik zuwa yanayin aiki. Kuma yana aiki ba tare da takurawa ba cikin gudun har zuwa kilomita 80 a awa daya. Tsarin EDB shima yana aiki ta akasin haka, amma baya aiki lokacin kusurwa.

Kayan lantarki don tsarin motoci

ECM, na'ura mai sarrafawa na lantarki - kayan sarrafawa na lantarki. Microcomputer yana ƙayyade tsawon lokacin allura da adadin man da aka yi wa kowane Silinda. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen samun mafi kyawun ƙarfi da ƙarfi daga injin bisa tsarin da aka saita a cikinsa. EGR - shaye gas recirculation tsarin. Ingantattun sauran hanyar sadarwa - ginanniyar tsarin kewayawa. Bayani game da cunkoso, aikin gini da hanyoyin karkata hanya. Kwakwalwar lantarki ta motar nan da nan ta nuna wa direban hanyar da zai yi amfani da ita kuma wacce ta fi kyau a kashe. ESP yana nufin Shirin Ƙarfafawar Lantarki - shi ma ATTS. ASMS - yana sarrafa tsarin sarrafa ƙarfi. DSC - kula da kwanciyar hankali mai ƙarfi. Fahrdynamik-Regelung shine sarrafa kwanciyar hankali abin hawa. Mafi girman tsarin da ke amfani da damar hana kullewa, jan hankali da tsarin sarrafa magudanar lantarki.

Unitungiyar sarrafawa don tsarin motoci

Theungiyar sarrafawa tana karɓar bayani daga hanzarin hanzarin abin hawa da kuma na'urori masu auna firikwensin ƙafa. Bayani game da saurin abin hawa da juyi-juyi na kowane ƙafafun. Tsarin yana nazarin wannan bayanan kuma yana lissafin yanayin, kuma idan bi da bi ko juyawa ainihin gudun bai dace da wanda aka lissafa ba, kuma motar tana yin ko, bi da bi, yana gyara yanayin. Sannu a hankali ƙafafun yana rage matsi na injin. A yayin gaggawa, ba ya biyan diyya ga rashin dacewar direba kuma yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye zaman lafiyar abin hawa. Aikin wannan tsarin shine amfani da ƙwanƙwasawa da iko mai ƙarfi ga aiki da tsarin sarrafa abin hawa. CCD tana gano haɗarin zamewa kuma tana biyan kuɗin kwanciyar hankali na abin hawa ta hanya ɗaya.

Tsarin tsarin motoci

Ka'idar tsarin. Na'urar CCD tana amsa mawuyacin yanayi. Tsarin yana karɓar amsa daga na'urori masu auna firikwensin da ke ƙayyade matattarar tuƙi da saurin motar motar. Ana iya samun amsar ta hanyar auna kusurwar juyawar motar a kusa da layin a tsaye da kuma girman saurinta a kaikaice. Idan bayanin da aka karɓa daga firikwensin ya ba da amsoshi daban-daban, to akwai yiwuwar mawuyacin hali wanda ake buƙatar sa baki a cikin CCD. Halin mawuyacin hali na iya bayyana kansa a cikin nau'ikan bambance-bambancen biyu na halayen motar. Rashin isasshen ƙarancin abin hawa. A wannan yanayin, CCD yana tsayar da ƙafafun na baya, wanda aka ɗora daga cikin cikin kusurwar, sannan kuma yana shafar injin da tsarin sarrafa watsa ta atomatik.

Aikin tsarin kera motoci

Ta hanyar ƙara adadin ƙarfin birkin da aka yi amfani da shi a kan motar da aka ambata, vector na ƙarfin da aka yi amfani da shi a kan abin hawa yana jujjuya hanyar juyawa kuma ya mayar da motar a kan hanyar da aka ƙayyade, yana hana motsi daga hanya kuma ta haka ne a sami nasarar sarrafa juyawa. Komawa. A wannan yanayin, CCD yana jujjuya dabaran gaba a waje da kusurwa kuma yana rinjayar injin da tsarin sarrafa watsawa ta atomatik. A sakamakon haka, vector na ƙarfin da aka karɓa da ke aiki akan motar yana juyawa waje, yana hana motar daga zamewa da kuma jujjuyawar da ba a sarrafa ba a kusa da axis na tsaye. Wani yanayi na gama-gari da ke buƙatar shiga tsakani na CCD shine guje wa cikas da ke bayyana kwatsam akan hanya.

Lissafi a cikin tsarin motoci

Idan motar bata sanye da na'urar CCD ba, abubuwan da ke faruwa a wannan yanayin sau da yawa sukan bayyana ne bisa ga yanayin da ke zuwa: Ba zato ba tsammani wani cikas ya bayyana a gaban motar. Don kaucewa karo da shi, direban ya juya zuwa hagu sosai, sannan ya dawo layin da aka mamaye a dama. Sakamakon irin wannan magudi, motar tana juyawa da sauri, kuma ƙafafun baya suna zamewa, suna juyawa zuwa juyawar motar da ba a kula da ita a kusa da gefen tsaye. Halin da ake ciki tare da mota sanye take da CCD ya ɗan bambanta. Direban yayi kokarin tsallake matsalar, kamar yadda yake a farkon lamarin. Dangane da sigina daga firikwensin CCD, yana gane yanayin tuki mara ƙarfi na abin hawa. Tsarin yana aiwatar da lissafin da ya dace kuma a cikin takaitawa motar baya ta hagu, don haka sauƙaƙe juyawar motar.

Shawarwari don tsarin motoci

A lokaci guda, ana kiyaye ikon motsi na ƙafafun gaba. Lokacin da motar ta shiga juya ta hagu, direban zai fara juya sitiyarin zuwa dama. Don taimakawa motar juya dama, CCD tana tsayawa ƙafafun gaban dama. Wheelsafafun baya suna juyawa da yardar kaina don inganta ƙarfin tarko a kansu. Canza hanya ta direba na iya haifar da kaifin juyawar motar a kusa da gefen tsaye. Don hana ƙafafun baya su zamewa, ƙafafun gaban hagu yana tsayawa. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, wannan taka birkin dole ne ya kasance mai tsananin gaske don iyakance ƙaruwa cikin ƙarfin tuki na gefe da ke aiki a ƙafafun gaba. Shawarwari don aiki na CCD. Ana ba da shawarar kashe CCD: lokacin da motar ke "girgizawa" makale a cikin dusar ƙanƙara mai zurfi ko sako-sako da ƙasa, lokacin tuki tare da sarƙoƙin dusar ƙanƙara, lokacin da ake duba motar a kan tsauraran matakai.

Yanayin aiki na tsarin motoci

Ana kashe CCD ta hanyar latsa maɓallin tare da maɓallin da aka lakafta akan sashin kayan aiki kuma sake danna maɓallin da aka nuna. Lokacin da aka kunna injin, CCD yana cikin yanayin aiki. ETCS - Tsarin Kula da Makullin Lantarki. Naúrar sarrafa injin tana karɓar sigina daga na'urori masu auna firikwensin guda biyu: matsayi na pedal mai haɓakawa da na'ura mai haɓakawa, kuma, daidai da shirin da aka shigar a ciki, yana aika umarni zuwa injin firikwensin lantarki. ETRTO ita ce Ƙungiyar Fasaha da Taya ta Turai. Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙungiyoyin Taya da Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru na Turai. FMVSS - Ka'idojin Tsaron Hanyar Hanyar Tarayya - Matsayin Tsaron Amurka. FSI - allura mai madaidaicin mai - madaidaiciyar allurar da Volkswagen ta haɓaka.

Tsarin motoci yana amfani

Ana amfani da kayan mai na injin mai injin Injin FSI ta hanyar kwatankwacin sassan dizal. Babban famfo mai matsawa yana sanya mai a cikin dogo na kowa don dukkan silinda. Ana yin man fetur kai tsaye zuwa cikin ɗakin konewa ta hanyar allurar allurar dusar ƙanƙara. Umurnin buɗe kowane ƙuƙwalwa ana ba da shi ta hanyar sarrafawa ta tsakiya, kuma matakan aikinsa sun dogara da saurin da nauyin injin ɗin. Fa'idodi na injin gas din allura kai tsaye. Godiya ga allurai tare da bawul din na lantarki, ana iya auna adadin mai sosai a cikin dakin konewa a wani lokaci. Canji na zamani na 40-camshaft yana ba da kyakkyawan motsi a ƙananan zuwa matsakaicin gudu. Yin amfani da sake shaye shayen iskar gas yana rage hayaki mai guba. Injin Injin kai tsaye na FSI ya fi tattalin arziƙin 15% fiye da injunan gas na gargajiya.

HDC - Sarrafa Dutsen Dutsen - Tsarin Motoci

HDC - Hust Zuwa Kulawa - Tsarin Kulawa na Kasuwanci don saukowa tsinkewa da m gangara. Yana aiki kamar yadda ake sarrafa motsi, yana kashe injin tare da dakatar da ƙafafun, amma tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun saurin gudu daga kilomita 6 zuwa 25 a cikin awa ɗaya. PTS - Parktronic System - a cikin Jamusanci version of Abstandsdistanzkontrolle, wannan shi ne tsarin sa ido na nesa na ajiye motoci wanda ke ƙayyade nisa zuwa cikas mafi kusa ta amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin ultrasonic dake cikin bumpers. Tsarin ya ƙunshi ultrasonic transducers da naúrar sarrafawa. Siginar sauti yana sanar da direba game da nisa zuwa cikas, sautin wanda ya canza tare da raguwar nisa daga cikas. Gajartar tazarar, shine guntuwar tsayawa tsakanin sigina.

Reifen Druck Control - Tsarin Motoci

Lokacin da cikas ya kasance 0,3 m, sautin siginar yana ci gaba. Siginar sauti yana goyan bayan siginar haske. Ma'anar madaidaicin suna cikin taksi. Baya ga nadi ADK Abstandsdistanzkontrolle, taƙaitaccen bayanin PDC ya fakin motar ramut kuma ana iya amfani da Parktronik don kwatanta wannan tsarin. Reifen Druck Control shine tsarin kulawa da matsa lamba na taya. Tsarin RDC yana lura da matsa lamba da zafin jiki a cikin tayoyin abin hawa. Tsarin yana gano raguwar matsa lamba a cikin taya ɗaya ko fiye. Godiya ga RDC, an hana lalacewa da wuri. SIPS yana nufin Tsarin Kariya na Tasirin Side. Ya ƙunshi aikin ƙarfafawa da ƙarfin kuzari da jakunkunan iska na gefe, waɗanda galibi suna kan gefen waje na wurin zama na gaba.

Kariya ga tsarin motoci

Wurin na'urori masu auna firikwensin yana rinjayar saurin amsawa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a cikin tasirin gefe, saboda yankin nadawa shine kawai 25-30 cm. SLS shine Tsarin Matsayin Dakatarwa. Wannan zai iya tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali na matsayi na jiki tare da axis na tsaye dangane da kwance a lokacin da ake tuki da sauri a kan hanyoyi masu tsanani ko a karkashin cikakken kaya. SRS ƙarin tsarin ƙuntatawa ne. Jakar iska, gaba da gefe. A wasu lokuta ana kiran na ƙarshe azaman tsarin kariyar tasiri na gefen SIPS, wanda tare da su ya haɗa da katako na musamman na ƙofa da ƙarfafa juzu'i. Sabbin gajartawar su ne WHIPS, wanda Volvo da IC suka mallaka, wanda ke tsaye ga tsarin kariyar bulala, bi da bi. Zane na musamman na baya tare da madaidaicin kai da labulen iska. Jakar iska tana gefe a yankin kai.